WO2004049035A1 - 光走査装置および画像形成装置 - Google Patents
光走査装置および画像形成装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004049035A1 WO2004049035A1 PCT/JP2003/014444 JP0314444W WO2004049035A1 WO 2004049035 A1 WO2004049035 A1 WO 2004049035A1 JP 0314444 W JP0314444 W JP 0314444W WO 2004049035 A1 WO2004049035 A1 WO 2004049035A1
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- Prior art keywords
- optical scanning
- scanning device
- spring
- vibration
- vibrating body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
- G02B26/105—Scanning systems with one or more pivoting mirrors or galvano-mirrors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical scanning device that scans light by changing the direction of reflection of light incident on a reflecting mirror by vibrating at least a part of a vibrating body having the reflecting mirror.
- the present invention relates to a technique for improving the geometric characteristics of an elastically deformable portion of a vibrating body.
- an optical scanning device has been used in an image forming apparatus such as a laser printer, a projection device that scans a laser beam and projects an image.
- an image forming apparatus such as a laser printer, a projection device that scans a laser beam and projects an image.
- optical scanning devices there are two types of optical scanning devices: a one-way rotation type represented by a polygon mirror, and a swing type represented by a galvanometer mirror. It is said that the swing type optical scanning device is easier to reduce the size, weight, and cost compared to the one-way rotation type optical scanning device.
- One conventional example of an oscillating optical scanning device is a light scanning device that vibrates at least a part of a vibrating body having a reflecting mirror to change the reflection direction of light incident on the reflecting mirror and scan light. It is a running device.
- the vibrating body is configured to include a reflecting mirror section, a fixed frame section, and an elastic deformation section connected to the reflecting mirror section and the fixed frame section.
- This conventional example is further configured to include a drive source that generates torsional vibration in the elastically deformable portion.
- the vibration frequency of the reflection mirror is controlled by the reflection mirror.
- the scanning frequency of reflected light from a part means the scanning angle of the reflected light.
- an increase in the scan angle and an increase in the scan frequency are in conflict with each other, but when it is strongly desired to increase the scan frequency as much as possible while securing the scan angle. There is.
- An optical scanning device that scans light by vibrating at least a part of a vibrating body having a reflection mirror unit to change a reflection direction of light incident on the reflection mirror unit.
- the vibrator The vibrator,
- a first spring portion coupled to the reflection mirror portion and generating torsional vibration; and a first spring portion coupled to the first spring portion and having a fixed frame portion of the vibrating body having a width greater than a width of the first spring portion.
- a plurality of second spring portions that are branched and connected at a wide branch interval and that generate bending vibration and torsional vibration;
- the optical scanning device further includes a driving source that vibrates the plurality of second springs.
- the vibrating body is configured such that the reflecting mirror portion and the fixed frame portion are not connected to each other only by the first spring portion, but the first spring portion and a plurality of second branching portions extending therefrom. And are connected to each other by a spring portion.
- the plurality of second spring portions are connected to the first spring portion in a state where the plurality of second spring portions branch off from the first spring portion at an interval wider than the width of the first spring portion.
- the plurality of second spring portions are elastically deformed in a state where the degree of freedom regarding the shape change is high.
- the load required to vibrate the reflecting mirror portion is reduced by the first spring as compared with the case where the connection between the reflecting mirror portion and the fixed frame portion is performed only by the first spring portion. It is easy to disperse the second spring portion and the second spring portion.
- the first spring portion is used to vibrate the reflection mirror portion. It is easy to reduce the load that must be received. For example, it becomes easy to reduce the torsion of the first spring portion and to alleviate the stress concentration at the connection portion of the first spring portion with another portion.
- each second spring portion it is easy to reduce the load that each second spring portion must receive to vibrate the reflection mirror portion. For example, to reduce the torsion of each second spring portion, or to alleviate the stress concentration at the connection portion of each second spring portion with the first spring portion and the connection portion with the fixed frame portion. Becomes easier.
- the load on the load is small for the degree of vibration of the reflection mirror section. It suffices if the one spring part and the plurality of second spring parts bear each.
- the term "branch interval” in each section below is interpreted to mean the interval between the outer edges of the plurality of second spring portions, for example, as indicated by "L2" in FIG. It is possible. Further, although not shown, it can also be interpreted to mean the interval between a plurality of center lines that respectively penetrate the plurality of second spring portions in the longitudinal direction. Further, although not shown, it can be interpreted to mean the interval between the inner edges of the plurality of second spring portions.
- a second moment of area in an elastically deforming portion formed by the plurality of second spring portions and the driving source is smaller than a second moment of cross section of the first spring portion.
- an elastic supporting frame, an elastically deformable portion, and a reflection mirror portion are coupled to each other and integrally formed on the same plane.
- Two piezoelectric elements are mounted on one of both sides of the support frame so as to have a relative positional relationship symmetrical with respect to the position of the reflection mirror.
- the two piezoelectric elements are vibrated in opposite phases to each other, and the vibration is transmitted to the elastically deformed portion via the support frame.
- torsional vibration is generated in the elastically deformed portion, and the torsional vibration causes the reflecting mirror portion to swing around the swing axis.
- Japanese Patent No. 3129219 discloses another conventional example of the optical scanning device.
- the swing axis of the reflecting mirror is set at a position offset from the position of the center of gravity of the reflecting mirror, and the translational vibration of one piezoelectric element is transmitted to the reflecting mirror via the support. As a result, torsional vibration is induced in the reflection mirror.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2981570/76 discloses an optical scanning device configured to include a vibrating unit, a scanning unit on which a reflecting mirror is mounted, and a beam-shaped elastic deformation unit. It is described as In this conventional example, the fixed end of the elastically deforming portion is fixed to the vibrating portion, and the free end is fixed to the scanning portion. A piezoelectric element is mounted on the vibration unit, and the piezoelectric element applies vibration of a type corresponding to the elastic vibration mode of the elastic deformation unit to the vibration unit. The vibration causes the reflection mirror to vibrate, and the light reflected from the reflection mirror is scanned.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-2539392 describes still another conventional example of the optical scanning device.
- the mirror section is connected to the first spring via the first spring section. It is connected to the frame.
- the first frame part is connected to the second frame part via a second spring part.
- a connecting portion is formed integrally with the second frame portion, and a plurality of piezoelectric bimorphs are connected to the connecting portion and the third frame portion at both ends. .
- a pair of piezoelectric pimorphs symmetrical to each other with respect to the connecting portion are bent and vibrated in mutually opposite phases.
- the bending vibration is converted into torsional vibration of the second frame part by the connecting part.
- the mirror part is finally swung by the torsional vibration.
- the configuration of the vibrator in the above-mentioned (1) is adopted, and a plurality of second The second moment of area in the elastically deformable portion composed of the spring portion and the drive source is smaller than the second moment of area in the first spring portion.
- the elastically deformable portion is more easily elastically deformed than when the second moment of area of the elastically deformable portion is equal to or more than the second moment of area of the first spring portion. It becomes easy to increase the scanning angle of the reflection mirror section. Accordingly, the geometric characteristics of the plurality of second spring portions corresponding to the elastically deformable portions of the vibrating body can be changed in relation to the first spring portions corresponding to other portions of the same vibrating body. Be optimized. According to this optical scanning device, for example, it is easy to realize a large scanning angle for power consumption.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-104543 discloses a conventional example of a resonance type optical scanning device that vibrates a reflection mirror unit by utilizing a resonance phenomenon.
- This conventional example includes a vibrating body configured to include a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a beam portion connecting the movable portion and the fixed portion to each other.
- a mirror surface is formed on the movable part.
- a piezoelectric element is mounted on the fixed part, and when the vibrating body is excited by the piezoelectric element, the mirror surface is vibrated together with the movable part, so that the light reflected from the mirror surface is scanned. Is done.
- the mirror surface is swung by vibrating the vibrating body at the frequency of the resonance vibration mode of the vibrating body.
- the vibrating body in order to scan the light reflected from the mirror surface at a high speed, can be vibrated by using a higher-order resonance vibration mode of the vibrating body.
- the vibration frequency of the vibrating body is set high because a higher-order vibration mode of the vibrating body is used. Therefore, high-speed optical scanning is possible, but stable optical scanning was difficult due to the overlap of unnecessary higher-order vibration modes and the entry of disturbance.
- the resonance frequency of the torsional resonance mode of the vibrator is lower than the resonance frequencies of other vibration modes (for example, vertical translation resonance mode, horizontal translation resonance mode, rotation resonance mode, tilt resonance mode, etc.). Let me do.
- the present inventors have conducted various studies with the aim of improving the straightness of scanning light by performing numerical analysis, which will be described in detail later. As a result, the present inventors have obtained the following knowledge.
- the optical scanning device adopts the configuration of the vibrator in the above (1) and sets the branch interval of the plurality of second spring portions so as not to exceed the width of the reflection mirror portion, the vibration can be reduced.
- the multiple types of vibration modes that can occur in the body in the frequency range lower than the natural frequency of the required vibration mode, the vertical vibration mode or horizontal vibration mode that is an unnecessary vibration mode Of these, we found that higher-order generation was suppressed.
- the branch interval is set in this manner, the natural frequency of the torsional vibration mode is greatly separated from the natural frequencies of the other vibration modes. No mode overlap occurs, and the straightness of scanning light is improved. Further, by setting the branch interval in this way, when the vibrating body is vibrated at a high frequency and a large scanning angle, an unnecessary vibration mode is generated or the vibration mode is overlapped with the unnecessary vibration mode due to the overlap. The possibility of body damage is reduced.
- the branch interval between the plurality of second spring portions is set so as not to exceed the width of the reflection mirror portion.
- each bending vibration is generated in the plurality of second spring portions, and the torsional vibration of the first spring portion converted from each bending vibration is generated in a mutually reinforcing state. It becomes easy to increase the swing angle, that is, the running angle.
- the drive source is fixed to the target surface in a posture that straddles the target surface and one of the two surfaces of the fixed frame portion adjacent to the target spring portion that corresponds to the target surface.
- the optical scanning device according to item (8).
- the device according to the above mode (8) can be implemented in a mode in which the drive source is fixed to the target surface in a posture that does not reach the fixed frame portion.
- the vibrating body is not necessarily vibrated in a state where the node of vibration is stably located at the connection point between the second spring portion and the fixed frame portion.
- the drive source is fixed to the target surface in a posture reaching the fixed frame portion. Therefore, according to this device, the second spring portion and the fixed frame portion The vibrating body is vibrated with the vibration node of the vibrating body stably located at the connection point of.
- the vibrating body is placed in a state where the node of vibration of the vibrating body is located at a position shifted toward the second spring portion from a connection point between the second spring portion and the fixed frame portion. Unlike the case where it is made to vibrate, the vibration state of the vibrating body is stabilized.
- the entire second spring portion can participate in the occurrence of bending deformation and torsional deformation. Therefore, according to this device, it is easy to efficiently transmit the vibration of the drive source to the second spring portion by effectively using the entire second spring portion. Therefore, according to this device, it is easy to realize a large scanning angle by the vibration of the same driving source.
- the drive source can be mounted on the target surface without using an adhesive. Therefore, according to this device, the drive source can be integrally and firmly mounted on the target surface without the need for an adhesive layer.
- the optical scanning device according to the item (10), wherein the thin film forming method is any one of CVD, sputtering, hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel, and fine particle spraying.
- CVD means gas-solid or gas-liquid, as is well known.
- a chemical vapor deposition technique in which a layer or film is deposited on the surface of a substrate by a chemical reaction of the body.
- Sputtering is a technique for depositing a layer or film on the surface of a substrate by electric discharge in a vacuum.
- Hydrothermal synthesis is a technology that forms ions by crystallizing ions in an aqueous solution at high temperature and pressure.
- Fine particle spraying is a technique in which ultrafine particles mixed with a gas are accelerated and sprayed onto a substrate through a fine nozzle to form a coating.
- the vibrating body is rocked in a vibrationally stable state due to the vibrating body being in a resonance state, stable optical scanning can be easily performed.
- each of the second spring portions has a mechanical property that is more easily elastically deformed than the first spring portion.
- the second spring portion compared to the case where the second spring portion has mechanical properties that are less likely to be elastically deformed than the first spring portion, The second spring portion is easily elastically deformed, so that it is easy to increase the scanning angle of the reflection mirror portion. According to this optical scanning device, for example, it is easy to realize a large scanning angle for power consumption.
- Each of the second spring portions has the same elastic modulus as the first spring portion.
- the optical scanning device according to (16) having a cross-sectional shape that is more easily elastically deformed than the first spring portion.
- the second spring portion is optimized with respect to the geometric characteristic of its cross-sectional shape in relation to the first spring portion.
- the reflection mirror section is caused to swing around a swing axis by the torsional vibration
- the vibrating body further includes a connecting part that connects the first spring part and the plurality of second spring parts to each other, and the first spring part and the plurality of second spring parts are connected to each other.
- the connecting portion and constitute a connected body
- the connecting body may be disposed on the vibrating body at two opposing positions that oppose each other in the direction of the oscillation axis with the reflecting mirror section interposed therebetween.
- the reflecting mirror portion is vibrated on both sides thereof by the two linked bodies facing each other across the reflecting mirror portion, a case where a part of the reflecting mirror is vibrated only on one side This makes it easier to stabilize the angle of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror.
- connection part '' in each of the following sections may be defined, for example, as forming a part of the second spring part in the connection body to which the connection part belongs. It can also be defined as constituting a part of the first spring portion in the connection body to which the connection portion belongs.
- the vibrating body further includes a connecting portion that connects the first spring portion and the plurality of second spring portions to each other, and the driving source is not attached to the connecting portion.
- the optical scanning device according to any one of (1) to (19).
- bending vibration and torsional vibration of the second spring portion are transmitted to the first spring portion as torsional vibration via the connecting portion.
- the connecting portion performs its vibration transmitting function by its elastic deformation.
- no drive source is mounted on the connecting portion that performs such a vibration transmitting function.
- the possibility that the drive source hinders the elastic deformation of the connection portion is reduced as compared with the case where the drive source is mounted on the connection portion. Therefore, according to this device, the drive source does not need to be disposed at a position where the scanning angle of the reflection mirror section is sacrificed.
- the vibrating body further includes a connecting portion that connects the first spring portion and the plurality of second spring portions to each other, and the connecting portion includes the first spring portion,
- the optical scanning device according to any one of (1) to (20), wherein the optical scanning device is connected to the plurality of second spring portions at substantially right angles.
- the connecting portion is obliquely connected to the first spring portion and each of the second spring portions, for example, a design for providing the vibrating body with desired vibration characteristics is provided. Need not be complicated.
- each second spring portion and the connecting portion are mutually implemented. Since the connection is qualitatively made at a right angle, the bending deformation of the deformation of each second spring portion does not need to be hindered by the connection portion.
- An image forming apparatus which forms an image by scanning a light beam, comprising: a light source that emits the light beam;
- An image comprising the optical scanning device according to any one of (1) to (21), and using the optical scanning device, the optical scanning device scans a light beam emitted from the light source. Forming equipment.
- scanning of a light beam for forming an image is performed by using an optical scanning device that can easily achieve both a high scanning frequency and a large scanning angle.
- the scanning unit performs a first scan that scans the light beam in a first direction and a second scan that scans at a lower speed than the first scan in a second direction that intersects the first direction.
- this image forming apparatus of the two types of scanning performed by the scanning unit, the one that requires a higher running speed is performed using the optical scanning device. Therefore, according to this image forming apparatus, one of the two types of scanning, which is more appropriate to use the optical scanning device for improving the performance, is selected. An optical scanning device is used.
- FIG. 1 is a system gun diagram showing a retinal scanning type image forming apparatus 100 including an optical scanning device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the optical scanning device 1 in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the light traveling device 1 in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view for explaining the state of the surface of the reflection mirror 8 of the optical scanning device 1 in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a partial side view showing the vibrating body 5 in FIG. 4 when viewed in the width direction.
- FIG. 7 is a partial side view showing the vibrating body 5 in FIG. 4 viewed in the width direction and showing the structure of the driving source d in FIG. 4 in detail.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the vibrating body 5 in FIG. 4 in a resonance state.
- FIG. 9 is a partial side view showing a comparative example of the second spring portion 13 in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining calculation of a second moment of area of a member having a rectangular cross section.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an optical traveling device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing the optical scanning device 200 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 in the optical scanning device 200 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a front view schematically showing a model for numerically analyzing the vibration characteristics of the vibrating body 5 in the first and second embodiments under the first numerical analysis condition.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG. 14 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 1 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 2 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 3 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 4 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 14 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 1 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 14 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 2 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 14 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 3 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 14 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 4 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 24 is a front view schematically showing a model for numerically analyzing the vibration characteristics of the vibrating body 5 in the first and second embodiments under the second numerical analysis condition.
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG. 24 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 1 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of vibration mode 2 for vibration member 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 3 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- Fig. 29 is a perspective view showing the analysis results of vibration mode 4 in vibration body 5 shown in Fig. 24.
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing the analysis results of vibration mode 4 in vibration body 5 shown in Fig. 24.
- FIG. 30 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 24 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 1 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 24 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 2 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 32 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 24 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 3 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 33 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 24 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 4 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an approximate model of the vibrating body 5 in the first and second embodiments, together with three types of vibration modes.
- FIG. 35 is a front view schematically showing a model for numerically analyzing the vibration characteristics of the vibrating body 5 in the first and second embodiments under the third numerical analysis condition.
- FIG. 36 is a perspective view showing the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG. 35 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 37 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of vibration mode 1 for vibration member 5 shown in FIG. 35.
- FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 2 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 3 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 40 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of vibration mode 4 of vibration body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 41 is a perspective view of the vibrator 5 shown in FIG. 35, showing the result of angular dispersal in vibration mode 1 superimposed on the vibrator 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 42 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 35 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 2 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 43 is a perspective view showing the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 35 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 3 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 44 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 35 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 4 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 45 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 5 of the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 46 is a perspective view showing an analysis result of vibration mode 6 of vibration body 5 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 47 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 35 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 5 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 48 is a perspective view illustrating the vibration body 5 shown in FIG. 35 and the analysis result of the vibration mode 6 superimposed on the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 1 shows a retinal scanning type image forming apparatus 100 including an optical scanning device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention as a whole systematically and partially as a block diagram. It has been.
- the image forming apparatus 100 including the optical scanning device 1 is configured to project an image directly on an observer's retina, and is mounted on the observer's head. This is the type of display device used.
- the image forming apparatus 100 includes a light source unit 101 and a vertical scanning system 102 and a horizontal scanning system 103 as scanning units.
- the image forming apparatus 100 further includes relay optical systems 126 and 127, a collimating lens 122, and a beam detector 123 (this is an example of an optical sensor).
- the light source unit 101 includes a video signal supply circuit 104, a light source drive circuit 105 connected to the video signal supply circuit 104, and a light source 106 driven by the light source drive circuit 108.
- the light source unit 101 further includes a collimating optical system 107, dichroic mirrors 115, 115, 115, a coupling optical system 116, and a BD signal detecting circuit 118.
- the coupling optical system 116 and the collimating lens 122 are optically connected to each other by an optical fiber 117.
- the video signal supply circuit 104 is connected to a blue laser driver 108, a green laser driver 109, and a red laser driver 110, which together form a light source drive circuit 105.
- the video signal supply circuit 104 supplies a drive signal of each color to the drivers 108, 110, and 112 based on the input video signal.
- the video signal supply circuit 104 is also connected to the horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 of the horizontal scanning system 103 and the vertical scanning drive circuit 124 of the vertical scanning system 102,
- the horizontal synchronizing signal 1 19 and the vertical synchronizing signal 1 20 required for synchronization are supplied to the corresponding drive circuits 121, 124, respectively.
- the video signal supply circuit 104 is connected to a BD signal detection circuit 118, and the BD signal detection circuit 118 includes a beam detector 1 for detecting scanning light of the optical scanning device 1. 23 are connected.
- a BD signal indicating this is transmitted to the beam detector 123.
- the output BD signal is input to a BD signal detection circuit 118.
- the video signal supply circuit 104 uses the BD signal input from the BD signal detection circuit 118 to generate a signal for each of a plurality of lines constituting one frame of an image to be formed. The timing for outputting the driving signals of each color to each of the drivers 108, 109, and 110 to form a frame is determined.
- the blue laser driver 108, the green laser driver 1 ⁇ 9, and the red laser driver 110 each drive signals for modulating the intensity of the laser light of each color based on the drive signals of each color supplied from the video signal supply circuit 104. Is supplied to the blue laser 111, the green laser 112 and the red laser 113, thereby driving each of the lasers 111, 112, 113.
- the blue laser 111, the green laser 112 and the red laser 113 are based on the driving signals from the blue laser driver 108, the green laser driver 109 and the red laser driver 110, respectively.
- a laser beam corresponding to each of the red and red wavelengths and having a modulated intensity is generated as a laser beam (laser beam).
- the collimating optical system 107 is provided with collimating lenses 114, 114, and 114.
- the collimating lenses 1, 1, 14, and 14 convert the three-color laser beams diffusely emitted from the blue, green, and red lasers 11, 11, and 11 into parallel light, respectively.
- the dichroic mirror is made incident on 1 1 5, 1 1 5, 1 1 5.
- the dichroic mirrors 115, 115, and 115 combine laser light of three colors, and the combined laser light enters the combined optical system 116.
- the laser beam that has entered the coupling optical system 116 enters the collimating lens 122 via the optical fiber 117. Diffusively emitted from the end of optical fiber 1 17 The laser light is converted into parallel light by the collimating lens 122. The parallelized laser light is incident on the reflection mirror 8 of the optical scanning device 1 provided as a horizontal scanning device in the horizontal scanning system 103.
- the optical scanning device 1 is used to scan the laser light in the horizontal direction by changing the reflection direction of the laser light incident on the reflection mirror 8.
- the horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 is controlled based on the horizontal synchronizing signal 119 supplied from the video signal supply circuit 104.
- the reflecting mirror 8 is vibrated by 21.
- the laser beam emitted by the optical scanning device 1 due to the vibration is guided to the reflection mirror section 125 of the vertical scanning system 102 via the relay optical system 126.
- the vertical scanning system 102 includes a vertical scanning drive circuit 124 controlled based on a vertical synchronization signal 120 supplied from the video signal supply circuit 104.
- the vertical scanning drive circuit 124 drives an actuator (not shown) to move the reflection mirror section 125 (rotational vibration) in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. As a result, the reflection direction of the laser light incident on the reflection mirror part 125 is changed, and the reflected laser light is scanned in the vertical direction.
- laser light is two-dimensionally scanned by the cooperative action of the optical scanning device 1 of the horizontal scanning system 103 and the reflection mirror section 125 of the vertical scanning system 102. It will be.
- the laser beam scanned in this manner is shaped by the relay optical system 127, enters the pupil of the observer, and is projected as an image directly on the retina.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing details of the horizontal running drive circuit 121 of the horizontal running system 103.
- the horizontal scanning drive circuit 1 2 1 includes an oscillator 1 2 1 a, a phase inverting circuit 1 2 1 b, a phase shifter 1 2 1 c, 1 2 1 d, and an amplifier 1 2 1 e, 1 2 1 f.
- Equipment I have.
- the horizontal synchronizing signal 119 is supplied to the oscillator 122a from the video signal supply circuit 104 shown in FIG. Based on the horizontal synchronization signal 1 19, the oscillator 1 2 1a generates a sine wave signal, and the generated sine wave is input to the phase inverting circuit 1 2 1 b and the phase shifter 1 2 1 c, respectively. You.
- the phase shifter 1 2 c to which the horizontal synchronizing signal 1 1 9 has been input converts the image signal of the video signal supply circuit 1 0 4 and the signal for adjusting the phase between the reflection mirror 1 2 5 of the optical scanning device 1 and the signal. Generate.
- the generated signal is amplified by the amplifier 122 e, a drive voltage is supplied to each of the drive sources a and b provided in the optical scanning device 1.
- the phase inverting circuit 1 2 1b in which the same horizontal synchronizing signal 1 19 is input from the oscillator 1 2 1a, outputs the inverted signal obtained by inverting the phase of the input horizontal synchronizing signal 1 It is supplied to amplifier 1 2 1 f via 2 1 d.
- the phase shifter 1 2 1 d and the amplifier 1 2 1 f operate in the same manner as in the above case.
- the drive voltage reflecting the inverted signal is changed to the drive sources c and d provided in the optical scanning device 1. Respectively.
- the first set of drive sources a and b and the second set of drive sources c and d are driven in opposite phases to each other, so that each of the drive sources a, b, c, d
- the displacement directions at each moment are opposite to each other between the two sets.
- the first set and the second set are arranged in the optical scanning device 1 so as to face each other with the moving center line of the reflecting mirror 8 therebetween. Therefore, when the two sets are driven in opposite phases, the reflecting mirror 8 is swung by torsional vibration, and as a result, the laser light reflected from the reflecting mirror 8 is scanned in the horizontal direction. .
- the laser beam scanned in this manner is guided to the reflection mirror section 125 of the vertical optical scanning system 102 via the relay optical system 126 as described above.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the optical scanning device 1 in an assembled state
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the optical scanning device 1
- FIG. 5 is a view of the surface of the reflecting mirror 8 of the optical scanning device 1. It is a perspective view for explaining a state.
- the optical scanning device 1 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped base 2, and a recess 2 a is formed in the base 2 so as to open at the center of the upper surface of the base 2. Have been.
- the vibrator 5 is fixed to the upper surface of the base 2.
- the vibrating body 5 includes a fixed frame 7, and the fixed frame 7 is supported on the upper surface of the base 2.
- the fixed frame 7 is supported by the support 3 formed around the recess 2 a in the base 2.
- the upper surface of the support part 3 is formed as a plane extending with substantially the same width as the fixed frame part 7 of the vibrating body 5, and the center of the upper surface is hollow. As a result, a rectangular hollow frame similar to the fixed frame 7 is formed in the support portion 3.
- the base 2 is formed to have a fine size, and the recess 2a is formed by, for example, etching.
- the vibrating body 5 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG.
- the vibrating body 5 is formed using a thin and small silicon plate having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view as a base material. The method of manufacturing the vibrating body 5 will be described later in detail.
- a plurality of components of the vibrator 5 are formed on the silicon plate. These components include a reflection mirror 8, first spring portions 9, 10 connected to the reflection mirror 8, A second spring portion 12, 13 connected to the first spring portion 9, a second spring portion 15, 16 connected to the first spring portion 10, and a second spring There is a fixed frame part 7 to which parts 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 are connected.
- the vibrating body 5 is formed by integrally forming these components.
- the reflection mirror 8 has a rectangular or square shape and is disposed substantially at the center of the vibrating body 5.
- the reflection mirror 8 is caused to swing around a swing axis extending in the lateral direction in FIGS. 3 and 4, thereby changing the reflection direction of light incident on the reflection mirror 8.
- the first spring portion 9 and the first spring portion 9 are arranged so that two second spring portions 12 and 13 are branched in parallel from the first spring portion 9.
- a first connection body is provided in which the two second spring portions 12 and 13 are connected to each other.
- the first spring portion 10 and the second spring portions 15 and 16 are branched from the first spring portion 10 in parallel with each other.
- a second connector is provided in which two second spring portions 15 and 16 are connected to each other. The first and second connectors are arranged so as to have a symmetrical relative positional relationship with respect to the reflection mirror 8.
- the two second spring portions 12 and 13 are both located on one side of the reflection mirror 8 and face each other across the oscillation axis.
- both of the two second spring portions 15 and 16 are located on the other side of the reflection mirror 8 and are opposed to each other across the swing axis.
- the drive sources & and b are respectively fixed to the two second spring portions 12 and 13 belonging to the first connected member, while the two second spring portions 15 and 1 belonging to the second connected member.
- Drive sources c and d are fixed to 6 respectively.
- a light reflection film 8a is formed on the surface of the reflection mirror 8, and high reflection efficiency is realized.
- the oscillation frequency when operating the reflecting mirror 8 for optical scanning that is, the operating vibration frequency, to be substantially equal to the resonance frequency of the reflecting mirror 8. Is desirable.
- the first spring portions 9 and 10 and the second spring portions 12, 13, 15 and 16 are arranged at approximately the center of the fixed frame portion 7.
- the reflecting mirror 8 is supported so as to be capable of torsional vibration.
- the first spring portions 9 and 10 are respectively connected at one end to the center positions in the width direction of both side edges of the reflection mirror 8, and the driving axis is It is torsionally vibrated (repeated torsion deformation).
- the second spring sections 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 are subjected to torsional vibration (repetition of torsional deformation) around their respective center lines (longitudinal axes), and at the same time, in a plane perpendicular to each plate surface.
- Geometric features such as shape and orientation are set in advance so that bending vibration (repetition of bending deformation) can be caused in.
- the two second spring portions 12 and 13 are both connected to the other end of the first spring portion 9, and the first spring portions 9 are spaced apart from each other by a distance larger than the width of the first spring portion 9. It branches off from 9. As is apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, the two second spring portions 12 and 13 extend along the oscillation axis at a gap wider than the width of the first spring portion 9. They are opposed to each other with a space between them. The two second spring portions 12 and 13 are both connected to the other end portion of the first spring portion 9 at one end thereof, while the fixed frame portion is connected to the other end portion thereof. Connected to 7.
- the two second spring portions 15 and 16 are both connected to the other end of the first spring portion 10 and are spaced at a wider interval than the width of the first spring portion 10. Its first spring part 1 Branched from 0. As apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, the two second spring portions 15 and 16 have a clearance larger than the width of the first spring portion 10 and extend along the oscillation axis. They are opposed to each other with an extension therebetween. The two second spring portions 15, 16 are both connected to the other end of the first spring portion 10 at one end thereof, and connected to the fixed frame portion 7 at the other end thereof. ing.
- the first spring portions 9 and 10 directly support the reflection mirror 8 on both sides thereof, while the second spring portions 12 and 13 support the first spring portion 9.
- the second spring portions 15 and 16 support the reflection mirror 8 indirectly via the first spring portion 10.
- the two second spring portions 12, 13 are branched from the first spring portion 9 at intervals larger than the width of the first spring portion 9, and similarly, the two second spring portions 12, 13 are separated from each other.
- the second spring portions 15, 16 are branched from the first spring portion 10 at intervals larger than the width of the first spring portion 10.
- each of the first spring portions 9 and 10 is W, and the respective branches of the first set of second spring portions 12 and 13 and the second set of second spring portions 15 and 16 are shown.
- the interval is indicated by D.
- the branch interval D is set to the distance between the outer edges of the first pair of second spring portions 12, 13 and the second pair of second spring portions 15 and 16. Defined to mean intervals. According to this definition, the branch interval D is about 10 times the width W (in the case of the vibrator 5 shown in FIG. 24), a value in the range of about 9 to 11 times, or about 8 to 12 times. It is desirable to use a value within the range of 2 times, or a value within the range of about 2 to 15 times.
- the second spring portions 12, 13 are formed so as to form an L-shape or an inverted L-shape in plan view.
- the other end is connected substantially vertically to the fixed frame part 7 while being connected to the part 9 substantially vertically.
- the second spring portions 15 and 16 are formed so as to form an L-shape or an inverted L-shape in plan view, and each end is connected to the first spring portion 10 substantially perpendicularly, Each other end is connected to the fixed frame 7 substantially vertically.
- two second spring portions 12, 13 are physically connected to one first spring portion 9, and similarly, one first spring portion
- Two second spring portions 15 and 16 are integrally connected to the spring portion 10.
- the first spring portions 9 and 10 are arranged on a straight line (the above-mentioned swing axis) passing through the center of gravity of the reflecting mirror 8, and the second spring portions 12 and 13 are symmetric about the straight line.
- the second spring portions 15, 16 are also arranged symmetrically about the straight line.
- the first spring portions 9, 10 and the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 16 are configured as described above, so that light When the reflection mirror 8 is caused to vibrate torsionally, the stress generated in the vibrating body 5 is dispersed over the entire body, for example, the second springs 12, 13, 15, 16 and the fixed frame 7 It is easy to reduce the stress generated at the connection point between and.
- the spring portions 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, and 16 are required to withstand the stresses generated by the spring portions 9, 10, 12, 12, 13, 15, and 16. Therefore, it is easy to obtain a sufficiently large torsion angle, that is, a scanning angle while securing the resonance frequency, that is, the scanning frequency of the reflection mirror 8, without making the reflection mirror 8 thick or long.
- the size of the spring portions 9, 10, 12, 23, 15 and 16 is large. Since it is possible to achieve the intended purpose while suppressing the molding, unnecessary vibration modes caused by the enlargement of the spring parts 9, 10, 12, 13, 15 and 16 It is easy to avoid occurrence of vibration modes other than the torsional vibration mode in FIG.
- first and second coupling bodies in the vibrating body 5 are each configured by one first spring portion and two second spring portions.
- each second spring portion is formed by physically forming an original second spring portion and a connecting portion for connecting the original second spring portion to the first spring portion. It is possible to think.
- the first spring portion 9 is formed.
- the first linear portion connected at right angles constitutes an example of the above-described connecting portion.
- the first connecting portion is connected to the first spring portion 9 and the second straight portion of the second spring portion 12 at right angles.
- each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d is attached to any of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15, and 16 in a posture that does not reach the first linear portion. Accordingly, the torsional vibration and the bending vibration of the first linear portion are prevented from being hindered by the driving sources a, b, c, and d.
- the fixed frame portion 7 supports the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 connected to the first spring portions 9 and 10 connected to the reflection mirror 8. It has a function and a function of fixing the vibrator 5 to the base 2. Specifically, the fixed frame 7 is fixed to the support 3 of the base 2 on the lower surface thereof.
- a vibrating body 5 having the above structure, for example, silicon On the wafer, a pattern of a vibrating body 5 composed of a fixed frame 7, a reflecting mirror 8, first springs 9, 10, and second springs 12, 13, 15, 16 is formed. By etching, they are integrally formed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, a vibrating body 5 is completed by forming a reflective film 8a on the surface of the portion to be the reflective mirror 8 using a material such as gold, chromium, platinum, or aluminum. According to this manufacturing method, a plurality of vibrators 5 having the same specifications can be manufactured simultaneously.
- FIG. 6 is a partial side view of the vibrating body 5 viewed from the width direction.
- FIG. 7 is a partial view of the vibrating body 5 viewed from the width direction, and shows a detailed structure of a typical driving source d. It is a partial side view shown.
- the driving sources a, b, c, and d are formed directly on the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 16, and 16, respectively.
- the driving sources a, b, c, and d are configured using piezoelectric materials such as PZT, ⁇ , and ⁇ S ⁇ . Since the piezoelectric body is an element having a high electrical-to-mechanical conversion efficiency, the use of piezoelectric bodies for the driving sources a, b, c, and d facilitates low power consumption. As is well known, when an alternating voltage is applied to a piezoelectric body at a predetermined frequency, the piezoelectric body repeatedly expands and contracts at the same frequency as the voltage frequency, and as a result, vibrates.
- the drive sources a, b, c, and d using piezoelectric materials such as PZT, ZnO, and BS ⁇ are formed by thin film forming methods such as CVD, sputtering, hydrothermal synthesis, sol-gel, and fine particle spraying. As a result, the driving sources a, b, c, d are formed directly on the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15, respectively.
- the driving sources a, b, c, and d respectively correspond to the corresponding second spring portions 12, 13, 3, 15, and 16. It is attached to the vibrating body 5 in a posture that straddles (extends) the upper surface of the fixed frame 7.
- the representative drive source d is such that the second spring portion 13 and the fixed frame portion 7 pass through the fixed end portion 13 a adjacent to each other. And is attached to the vibrator 5.
- the terminals bl and b2, the input terminals c 1 and c 2 for inputting the drive voltage to the drive source c, and the input terminals d 1 and d 2 for inputting the drive voltage to the drive source d are metal It is formed of a thin film.
- the vibrating body 5 includes the driving sources a, b, c, and d.
- the total thickness of the thickness and the thicknesses of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, and 16 is set to be 200 ⁇ or less.
- the drive source d is formed to extend from the second spring portion 13 to the fixed frame portion 7.
- the drive source d is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes d3 and d4 facing each other in the thickness direction of the drive source d, thereby forming a sandwich structure.
- a lower electrode d4 is arranged below the driving source d
- an upper electrode d3 is arranged above the driving source d.
- the upper electrode d3 is connected to the input terminal d2, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower electrode d4 is connected to the input terminal. Connected to dl.
- the elastically deformable portions of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 are mainly composed of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16, respectively. It means a combination with the fixed driving sources a, b, c, d.
- the rigidity means the resistance to deformation against external force.
- the rigidity of the first spring portions 9 and 10 means torsional rigidity
- the rigidity of the elastically deformable portion is the torsional rigidity and the bending. It means both rigidity.
- the second moment of area in the cross section) and the second moment of area of the second spring portion 13 are compared with each other.
- the first spring portion 9 and the second spring portion 13 are common to each other with respect to the plate thickness dimension. As shown in FIG. 5, the first spring portion 9 is longer than the second spring portion 13 with respect to the width dimension.
- a beam member having a rectangular cross section having a thickness h and a width b in general, under the condition that the thickness h is constant, the larger the width, the higher the bending rigidity.
- the torsional rigidity also increases, and the deformation resistance to external force increases.
- the bending stiffness of this beam member is expressed by the product of the longitudinal modulus of elasticity E and the second moment of area Iz.
- the torsional stiffness is approximately expressed as G when the transverse elastic modulus is represented by G under the condition that the thickness h is considerably smaller than the width b.
- “d A” means a small area element at a distance of y from the neutral axis (coincident with the X axis) of the beam member.
- the second moment of area of the second spring portion 13 is smaller than the second moment of area of the first spring portion 9.
- the second spring portion 13 is more easily torsionally deformed than the first spring portion 9.
- the first spring portion 9 is not basically bent and deformed, in the present embodiment, the second spring portion 13 is more reliable than the first spring portion 9 regardless of the type of deformation. It can be said that it is easily elastically deformed.
- the second moment of area of the laminate of the second spring portion 13 and the driving source d is smaller than the second moment of area of the first spring portion 9.
- the cross-sectional shape of the second spring portion 13 and the drive source d and the elastic modulus of the drive source d are selected in advance so as to be as follows.
- each elastically deforming portion (a laminate of one second spring portion and the corresponding drive source) are caused by the first spring portion 9. This is more likely to occur than the torsional deformation.
- the swing angle that is, the scanning angle of the reflection mirror 8 is determined by the sum of the amount of torsion deformation of the first spring 9 and the amount of torsion deformation and bending deformation of the elastic deformation portion. It was made.
- the scanning of the reflection mirror 8 can be performed in comparison with a case where there is no elastically deformable portion. It is easy to increase the angle.
- the first spring portion 9 is connected to the fixed frame portion 7 through the elastically deformable portion which is more easily deformed, so that the first spring portion 9 It is also easy to reduce the stress generated in the part 9.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the vibrating body 5 in a resonance state.
- a horizontal synchronization signal 1 19 from the video signal supply circuit 104 shown in FIG. 1 is supplied to the optical scanning device 1, and the supplied horizontal synchronization signal 1 19 is used as a horizontal scanning drive circuit 1 2 shown in FIG.
- the oscillating signal is input to one oscillator 12 21 a, and the oscillator 12 21 a generates a sine wave based on the horizontal synchronization signal 1 19.
- the generated sine wave is input to the phase inversion circuit 121b and the phase shifter 121c, respectively.
- the phase shifter 121c When the sine wave is input to the phase shifter 121c, the phase shifter 121c generates a signal for adjusting the phase of the image signal and the reflection mirror 8, and the generated signal is generated. Based on the signal, the driving voltage is supplied to the driving source a formed in the second spring portion 12 through the input terminals a 1 and a 2 by the cooperative action with the amplifier 122 e. Further, a drive voltage having the same phase as the drive voltage is supplied to the drive source b formed in the second spring portion 15 via the input terminals b 1 and b 2.
- the phase determining circuit 121b inverts the phase of the input sine wave and generates the sine wave as described above.
- the resulting sine wave is supplied to the phase shifter 121 d.
- a signal for adjusting the phase between the image signal and the reflection mirror 8 is generated.
- the driving voltage is applied to the driving source d formed in the second spring portion 13 via the input terminals dl and d2 by the co-operation with the amplifier 121f. Supplied. Further, a drive voltage having the same phase as the drive voltage is supplied to the drive source c formed in the second spring portion 16 via the input terminals c1 and c2.
- the horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 is configured such that the drive sources a and b and the drive sources c and c are based on the horizontal synchronization signal 1 19 supplied from the video signal supply circuit 104 shown in FIG.
- the drive voltages respectively applied to d are oscillated in opposite phases at the same frequency as the resonance frequency of the reflection mirror 8.
- the second spring portions 12 and 15 and 13 and 16 of the vibrating body 5 bend so as to be bent in opposite directions, and accordingly, the vibrating body 5 resonates at the resonance frequency. Due to this resonance, the reflection mirror 8 supported by the first spring portions 9 and 10 moves between the neutral position (rest position) S shown in FIG. 8 and the maximum swing position (maximum displacement position) K at resonance. As a result, the laser light incident on the reflection mirror 8 and reflected is scanned in the horizontal direction.
- the laser light horizontally scanned by the reflection mirror 8 is guided to the reflection mirror unit 125 of the vertical scanning system 102 via the relay optical system 126.
- the laser light incident on the reflection mirror section 125 is vertically scanned by the vertical scanning system 102. Scan in the direction.
- the vertically scanned laser beam is shaped into a beam by the relay optical system 127, and is incident on the pupil of the observer. Then, an image is directly projected on the retina.
- the second moment of area of the second spring portion 12 on which the driving source a is formed and the second spring portion 13 on which the driving source d is formed is Each of the vibrators 5 is configured to be smaller than the second moment of area of the first spring portion 9. Furthermore, the second moment of area of the second spring portion 15 on which the drive source b is formed and the second spring portion 16 of the second drive portion 16 on which the drive source c is formed is the cross section 2 of the first spring portion 10. The vibrating body 5 is formed so as to be smaller than the next moment.
- the driving sources a, b, c, d and the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 are relatively easily deformed, and the deformation is finally completed. Specifically, since the reflection is reflected by the torsion or swing of the reflecting mirror 8, it becomes easy to increase the scanning angle (deflection angle) of the reflecting mirror 8.
- the driving sources a, b, c, d are formed directly on the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 by a thin film forming method. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, an adhesive layer made of a synthetic resin or the like is provided between each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d and each of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16. Need not be interposed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the connection state between each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d and each of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15 and 16 is stable, and the vibration body 5 Vibration also stabilizes.
- the reflection mirror 8 is moved at a predetermined running frequency and a predetermined running angle. Therefore, it is easy to reduce the power consumption required for the vibration.
- each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d is mounted directly on each of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, 15, and 16.
- the source and each other Positionally matched. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is easy to efficiently transmit the vibration of each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d to the vibrating body 5, so that the power consumption can be easily saved and the optical scanning device 1 Downsizing becomes easy.
- each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d force, and each of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, and 16 is applied to the fixed frame portion 7.
- the vibrating body 5 is formed in an extended posture. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the nodes of the vibration of the vibrating body 5 are stably located at the fixed ends 13a, and the vibration state of the vibrating body 5 is stabilized in an ideal resonance state.
- each of the driving sources a, b, c, and d is formed only on each of the second spring portions 12, 13, 15, and 16. However, it is easier to stabilize the vibration state of the vibrating body 5 as compared with the case where the vibration body 5 is formed so as not to reach the fixed frame portion 7.
- an optical scanning device 200 includes a base table 2 and a vibrating body 5 as components having the same configuration as the optical scanning device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- a support portion 3 is formed on the base 2 as shown in FIG.
- the vibrating body 5 has a force S.
- the fixed frame 7, the reflecting mirror 8, the first springs 9 and 10, Second spring portions 12, 13, 15, and 16 are provided.
- the vibrations of the driving sources a, b, c, and d are directly transmitted to the vibrating body 5. That is, the vibrating body 5 is driven by the driving sources a and It is designed to be directly vibrated by b, C, d.
- the vibrating body 5 is indirectly vibrated by the driving sources e and f. That is, the entire optical scanning device 200 is vibrated.
- drive sources e and f are fixed to the lower surface of the base 2 by bonding.
- the two driving sources e and f are arranged at two opposing positions opposing each other in the width direction of the base table 2 (the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the base table 2).
- Both drive sources e and f are configured as a laminated piezoelectric actuator.
- the laminated piezoelectric actuator is configured by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric bodies such as PZT, ZnO, and BST extending in the longitudinal direction of the base 2 in a direction perpendicular to each plate surface. Since the piezoelectric body is an element having high electrical-to-mechanical conversion efficiency, the use of piezoelectric bodies for the driving sources e and f facilitates low power consumption.
- the drive source e is sandwiched between an upper electrode e1 and a lower electrode e2.
- the drive source f is sandwiched between the upper electrode f 1 and the lower electrode f 2.
- the drive source e expands and contracts and vibrates by changing the polarity of the drive voltage applied between the electrode e1 and the electrode e2 at a predetermined frequency.
- the drive source f expands and contracts and vibrates by changing the polarity of the drive voltage applied between the electrode f1 and the electrode f2 at a predetermined frequency. Therefore, if drive voltages are applied to the drive source e and the drive source f in opposite phases, the drive source e and the drive source f vibrate in opposite phases to each other, thereby causing the vibrating body 5 to move through the base 2. Vibration can be performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
- the base table 2 has basically the same configuration as the first embodiment.
- a concave portion which is opened on the upper surface of the base table 2 is formed.
- the concave portion is formed in a step shape. Specifically, a concave portion 2b having a deep bottom surface is formed at the longitudinal center portion of the base table 2, and a concave portion 2c having a shallow bottom surface is formed at each of two positions sandwiching the concave portion 2b.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the horizontal traveling drive circuit 121 in the present embodiment.
- This horizontal scanning drive circuit 121 has the same basic electric circuit as the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the amplifier 121 e is connected to one drive source e. And the amplifier 1 2 1 f is connected to one drive source f.
- the horizontal scanning drive circuit 122 configured as described above, the drive voltages are applied to the drive sources e and f, respectively, in opposite phases, so that the drive sources e and f are connected to each other. Vibrated in opposite phase.
- the vibrating body 5 constituted by the first spring portions 9, 10 and the second spring portions 12, 13, 13, 15, 16 and the reflecting mirror 8 has a resonance frequency of its torsional vibration mode. A vibration having a frequency corresponding to is applied.
- the vibrator 5 resonates, and the reflection mirror 8 induces torsional vibration at a resonance frequency and a large swing angle.
- the present inventors have found that a vibration member 5 common to the first and second embodiments described above, and that the relationship between the shape and dimensions, which are geometrical features of the vibration member 5, and vibration characteristics should be analyzed, Numerical analysis was performed by the simulation by. The numerical analysis is based on the finite element method.
- FIG. 14 schematically shows an analysis model of the vibrating body 5 used for the numerical analysis.
- the analysis model is configured by dividing the vibrating body 5 into a plurality of finite elements.
- the width dimension of the reflection mirror 8 is represented by “L 1”, while a pair of second spring portions 12 and 13 and another pair of second 2 cases
- the branch intervals are indicated by “L 2” at the ends 15 and 16, respectively.
- the “branch interval L 2” means the interval between the outer edges of the second spring portions 12 and 13, for example, taking the pair of second spring portions 12 and 13 as an example.
- the branch interval L2 is equal to the length of each connecting portion 17,18.
- the part of the two second spring portions 12, 13 connected to the first spring portion 9 is the two second spring portions. It is referred to as the connecting part 17 independently from the names 12 and 13.
- the part of the two second spring portions 15 and 16 that is connected to the first spring portion 10 is nominally independent of the two second spring portions 15 and 16. This is referred to as a connecting portion 18.
- the first numerical analysis, the second numerical analysis, and the third numerical analysis were performed using the above-described analysis model. Three types of numerical analysis were performed, and the analysis conditions common to the three types of numerical analysis are as follows.
- Thickness 1 00 tm
- Width 1 mm
- Thickness 100 ⁇
- Width 60 ⁇ m
- Thickness 100 ⁇ m
- Width 40 m 4.
- Thickness 100 ⁇ m
- Width 40 ⁇ m
- the width L 1 of the reflecting mirror 8 was maintained at 1 mm.
- these three types of numerical analysis were performed under three types of branch intervals L 2.
- the first numerical analysis was performed under the condition that the lengths of the connecting portions 17 and 18 were 0.6 mm and the branch interval L 2 was 0.6 mm. .
- This numerical analysis is ultimately performed under the branch interval L2 that does not exceed the width L1 of the reflecting mirror 8.
- this numerical analysis is less than the width L1 of the reflecting mirror 8 (eg, in the range of 50 or 70 percent, in the range of 40 to 80 percent, or in the range of 30 to 90 percent) That is, it is performed under the branch interval L2.
- both the second and third numerical analysis were performed under the condition that the branch interval L2 exceeds the width L1.
- the second numerical analysis is performed under the condition that the branch interval L2 is 1.1 mm
- the third numerical analysis is performed under the condition that the branch interval L3 is 2 mm. It was originally implemented.
- Fig. 15 shows the analysis model of the vibrating body 5 shown in Fig. 14 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "vibrating body 5J") in a stationary state.
- the simulation was carried out by simulating the four types of vibration modes, and the four types of vibration modes differ as follows with respect to the vibration frequency at which the vibrator 5 is vibrated.
- Vibration mode 1 10.6 kHz
- Vibration mode 2 1 5.1 kHz
- Vibration mode 3 21.8 kHz
- Vibration mode 4 25.2 kHz
- FIG. 16 to FIG. 19 are diagrams each independently showing the analysis result of each vibration mode. Specifically, FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 1, FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 2, and FIG. 18 is an analysis result of the vibration mode 3. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 4.
- FIGS. 20 to 23 show the analysis results of each vibration mode, which are shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, respectively, in order to compare them with the stationary vibrator 5 shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the analysis result of the vibration mode 1 in comparison with the vibration body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the analysis result of the vibration mode 2 in a stationary state
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the results of analysis in vibration mode 3 in comparison with body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the results of analysis in vibration mode 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the comparison with the vibrating body 5 in a stationary state.
- the reflecting mirror 8 connects the first spring portions 8 and 9 to each other. It turns around the axis and enters a state of torsional resonance.
- the reflecting mirror 8 sets the center point of the reflecting surface 8 a as the rotation center.
- the reflection mirror 8 reciprocates along the reflection surface 8a and resonates.
- vibration mode 3 is a vibration mode that can be suitably used for light scanning.
- FIG. 24 shows the analysis conditions under which the second numerical analysis was performed.
- the length of the connecting portions 17 and 18 of the vibrating body 5 is set to 1.1 mm, which is longer than in the first numerical analysis. Therefore, the branch interval L 2 is also 1.1 mm, which is slightly longer than lmm, which is the width L 1 of the reflection mirror 8.
- FIG. 25 shows the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG. 24 in a stationary state.
- the second numerical analysis was performed to simulate the vibrating body 5 in four different vibration modes. These four types of vibration modes differ as follows with respect to the vibration frequency at which the vibrating body 5 vibrates.
- Vibration mode 1 10. O kHz
- Vibration mode 2 14.2 kHz
- Vibration mode 3 22.0 kHz
- Vibration mode 4 25.5 kHz
- FIGS. 26 to 33 Prior to that, the contents of FIGS. 26 to 33 will be briefly described.
- FIGS. 26 to 29 are diagrams each independently showing the analysis result of each vibration mode. Concrete Specifically, FIG. 26 shows the analysis result of vibration mode 1, FIG. 27 shows the analysis result of vibration mode 2, and FIG. 28 shows the analysis result of vibration mode 3. FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a result, and FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 4.
- FIG. 30 to FIG. 33 show the analysis results of each vibration mode, which are shown in FIG. 26 to FIG. 29 respectively, and the vibration body 5 in the stationary state shown in FIG. 25. It is a figure which is superimposed and shown for convenience for comparison.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 1 in comparison with vibration body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 2 in a stationary state
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the vibration mode 5 in comparison with FIG. 32.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating the analysis result of the vibration mode 3 in comparison with the vibration body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the analysis result of FIG. 7 in comparison with the vibrating body 5 in a stationary state.
- the reflecting mirror 8 is parallel to the reflecting surface 8a. It vibrates in the direction (in-plane vibration) and resonates.
- the vibrating body 5 when the vibrating body 5 is vibrated at the vibration mode 2, that is, 14.2 kHz, the reflecting mirror 8 is perpendicular to the reflecting surface 8a. Vibration in the direction (out-of-plane vibration) causes resonance.
- the reflecting mirror 8 moves to the center point of the reflecting surface 8 a.
- the reflection mirror 8 reciprocally rotates along the reflection surface 8a around the center of rotation, and resonates.
- vibration mode 4 among these vibration modes 1 to 4 is a vibration mode that can be suitably used for light scanning.
- an approximate model of the vibrating body 5 is shown.
- the mass of the reflecting mirror 8 is “M 1”
- the first spring portion is “massless”
- the masses of the connecting portions 17 and 18 are “M 2”
- the second spring portion is “M 2”.
- the portions are “massless” and the two second spring portions are connected for convenience to form one second spring portion.
- the higher (second or higher) vibration mode of the vibrating body 5 is not generated in a frequency region lower than the natural frequency of the torsional vibration.
- the approximate model is shown in a stationary state in the upper part, and three kinds of vibration modes are shown using the approximate model in the lower part. Of these three vibration modes, the upper one is the primary mode, the middle one is the secondary mode, and the lower one is the tertiary mode.
- the vertical translation vibration mode (out-of-plane vibration mode) or the horizontal translation mode is obtained.
- the primary natural vibration of the vibration mode occurs in the low frequency region.
- vibration mode 1 horizontal translational vibration
- vibration mode 4 rotational vibration mode
- the vibrating body 5 can be analyzed up to the third mode or higher modes.
- the frequency of the higher-order mode depends on the mass of M2.
- the increase in the mass of M 2 causes a decrease in the vibration frequency of the primary mode, and in addition, a decrease in the vibration frequency of the secondary mode. For this reason, the increase in the mass of M 2 caused the vibration frequency of the higher-order mode to approach the torsional natural frequency required for optical scanning.
- the length of the connecting portions 17 and 18, that is, the second The mass M2 of the connecting portions 17 and 18 is reduced by making the branch interval L2 of the spring portions 1 2 and 13 and the second spring portions 15 and 16 shorter than the width L1 of the reflecting mirror 8. Have been forced to do so.
- the vibration direction is the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with respect to the reflecting mirror 8, despite the fact that the swing speed of the reflecting mirror 8 is increased. Occurrence of vibration modes other than the next mode is suppressed, and as a result, torsional vibration of the vibrator 5 is stabilized, and optical scanning is also stabilized.
- the first mode in which the vibration direction is the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with respect to the reflection mirror 8 is allowed. This mode is not the vibration mode necessary for optical scanning, but This is because it is not a vibration mode in which the direction is changed unexpectedly and its straightness is hindered.
- the vibration mode 3 shown in FIG. This is a vibration (resonance) mode suitable for 1,200, and the natural frequency of this mode was 21.8 kHz.
- the vibration mode 1 shown in Fig. 16 is in the direction (in-plane direction) horizontal to the reflection surface 8a of the reflection mirror 8
- the vibration mode 2 shown in Fig. 17 is the reflection surface 8a.
- This mode is a mode in which the vibration direction is perpendicular to the plane (out-of-plane direction), and only the primary mode in which the vibration direction is vertical and horizontal occurs.
- the torsional vibration of the vibrator 5 is stabilized, and the optical scanning by the optical scanning devices 1 and 200 is also stabilized.
- FIG. 24 shows the necessary vibration mode and That is, at 22.0 kHz, which is lower than the resonance frequency 25.5 kHz of torsional vibration mode 4 shown in FIGS. 29 and 33, vibration mode 3 (rotational vibration A vibration is generated in the vibrating body 5 in which the second mode of the vibration mode 1 (in-plane vibration mode) is superimposed on the second mode. Therefore, the torsional vibration of the vibrator 5 is not stable, and the optical scanning by the optical scanning devices 1 and 200 is not stable.
- FIG. 35 shows the analysis conditions under which the third numerical analysis was performed.
- the length of the connecting portions 17 and 18 of the vibrating body 5 is set to 2 mm, which is longer than in the first and second numerical analyses. Therefore, the branch interval L2 is also 2 mm, which is twice as long as 1 mm, which is the width L1 of the reflection mirror 8.
- FIG. 36 shows the vibrating body 5 shown in FIG. 35 in a stationary state.
- the third numerical analysis was performed to simulate the vibrating body 5 in eight different vibration modes.
- the eight types of vibration modes differ as follows with respect to the vibration frequency at which the vibrating body 5 vibrates.
- Vibration mode 1 9.0 kHz
- Vibration mode-2 12.1 kHz
- Vibration mode 3: 15.4 kHz
- Vibration mode 5:: 29.1 kHz
- Vibration mode--7 60.4 kHz
- FIGS. 37 to 48 Prior to that, the contents of FIGS. 37 to 48 will be briefly described.
- FIGS. 37 to 40 are diagrams each independently showing the analysis result of each vibration mode. Specifically, FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 1, FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 2, and FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the analysis result of the vibration mode 3. FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the vibration mode 4.
- FIGS. 41 to 45 show the analysis results of each vibration mode, which are shown in FIGS. 37 to 40, respectively, for the sake of convenience in comparing with the vibrating body 5 in the stationary state shown in FIG. 36.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 1 in comparison with vibration body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 2 in a stationary state
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 3 in comparison with body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing the analysis result of vibration mode 4 in comparison with vibration body 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the comparison with the vibrating body 5 in a stationary state.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram solely showing the analysis result of the vibration mode 5
- FIG. 43 is a diagram solely showing the analysis result of the vibration mode 6.
- Figure 44 shows vibration mode 5 analysis It is a figure which shows the result in comparison with the vibrating body 5 in a stationary state
- FIG. 45 is a figure which shows the analysis result of the vibration mode 6 in comparison with the vibrating body 5 in a stationary state.
- the second numerical analysis As shown in FIGS. 35 to 48, according to the results of the third numerical analysis, in the analysis example in which the branch interval L2 is twice the width L1 of the reflecting mirror 8, the second numerical analysis As a result, it can be seen that many non-torsional vibration modes occur in a region lower than the frequency of the torsional vibration mode, and therefore, the stability of optical scanning by the optical scanning devices 1 and 200 decreases.
- the lengths of the connecting portions 17 and 18 ie the second spring portions 12 and 13 and the second If the branch interval L2 of the spring portions 15 and 16 of the second 2 is shorter than the width L1 of the reflecting mirror 8, the mass M2 of the connecting portions 17 and 18 is reduced, and the swing speed of the reflecting mirror 8 is reduced. Despite the higher speed, vibration modes other than the primary horizontal vibration mode (in-plane vibration mode) and vertical vibration mode (out-of-plane vibration mode) among non-torsional vibration modes occur. Be suppressed. Such a vibration mode is a vibration mode that hinders the linearity of the light reflected from the reflection mirror 8.
- the present invention has been described by taking some embodiments in which the present invention is applied to an optical scanning device used in the image forming apparatus 100 as an example.
- the present invention can be applied to an optical scanning device used for various devices that perform the above.
- the vibrating body 5 is directly exposed to the atmosphere, but the vibrating body 5 is hermetically sealed by covering the vibrating body 5 with a cover that can transmit laser light. Reduce pressure below atmospheric pressure or use inert gas in the enclosed space. It is possible to carry out the invention in such a way that the filling is carried out.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Facsimile Scanning Arrangements (AREA)
- Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03811896A EP1586933A4 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2003-11-13 | LIGHT SCANNER AND PICTURE GENERATOR |
| US11/135,518 US7446911B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2005-05-24 | Optical scanning apparatus and image forming apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002-341798 | 2002-11-26 | ||
| JP2002341798 | 2002-11-26 | ||
| JP2002341861A JP3956839B2 (ja) | 2002-11-26 | 2002-11-26 | 光走査装置および光走査装置を備えた画像形成装置 |
| JP2002-341861 | 2002-11-26 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/135,518 Continuation US7446911B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2005-05-24 | Optical scanning apparatus and image forming apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004049035A1 true WO2004049035A1 (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
Family
ID=32396263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/014444 Ceased WO2004049035A1 (ja) | 2002-11-26 | 2003-11-13 | 光走査装置および画像形成装置 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1586933A4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004049035A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7793404B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2010-09-14 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Resonant-oscillating-device fabrication method |
| US7872782B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2011-01-18 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical scanner and method of controlling optical scanner |
| EP1949168A4 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2011-09-14 | Texas Instruments Inc | MAGNET TO FRAME oscillating |
| CN102713722A (zh) * | 2010-01-05 | 2012-10-03 | 船井电机株式会社 | 振动反射镜元件 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57183515U (ja) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-20 | ||
| JPH01120121U (ja) * | 1988-02-05 | 1989-08-15 | ||
| JPH04217222A (ja) * | 1990-12-18 | 1992-08-07 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 偏光器 |
| JPH0792409A (ja) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-07 | Canon Inc | 光スキャナー |
| JP2001075042A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-23 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 光偏向器 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3003429B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-08 | 2000-01-31 | 富士電機株式会社 | ねじり振動子および光偏向子 |
| US6049407A (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-04-11 | University Of Washington | Piezoelectric scanner |
| DE19857946C1 (de) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-01-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Mikroschwingspiegel |
| DE19941045A1 (de) * | 1999-08-28 | 2001-04-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Mikroschwingvorrichtung |
-
2003
- 2003-11-13 EP EP03811896A patent/EP1586933A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-13 WO PCT/JP2003/014444 patent/WO2004049035A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57183515U (ja) * | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-20 | ||
| JPH01120121U (ja) * | 1988-02-05 | 1989-08-15 | ||
| JPH04217222A (ja) * | 1990-12-18 | 1992-08-07 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 偏光器 |
| JPH0792409A (ja) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-04-07 | Canon Inc | 光スキャナー |
| JP2001075042A (ja) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-23 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 光偏向器 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7793404B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2010-09-14 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Resonant-oscillating-device fabrication method |
| US7872782B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2011-01-18 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical scanner and method of controlling optical scanner |
| EP1949168A4 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2011-09-14 | Texas Instruments Inc | MAGNET TO FRAME oscillating |
| CN102713722A (zh) * | 2010-01-05 | 2012-10-03 | 船井电机株式会社 | 振动反射镜元件 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1586933A4 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| EP1586933A1 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
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