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WO2006003165A1 - Procede de routage pour reseau fractionne bluetooth - Google Patents

Procede de routage pour reseau fractionne bluetooth Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006003165A1
WO2006003165A1 PCT/EP2005/053067 EP2005053067W WO2006003165A1 WO 2006003165 A1 WO2006003165 A1 WO 2006003165A1 EP 2005053067 W EP2005053067 W EP 2005053067W WO 2006003165 A1 WO2006003165 A1 WO 2006003165A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nodes
routing
type
node
bluetooth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/053067
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Bahr
Thomas Bürger
Michael Finkenzeller
Matthias Kutschenreuter
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2006003165A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006003165A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a routing method in a Bluetooth scatternetwork, which comprises a plurality of master nodes and slave nodes, wherein at least one node acts as a bridge node. Furthermore, the invention relates to a Kno ⁇ th for a Bluetooth scatter stations for carrying out the Ver ⁇ proceedings.
  • messages with, for example, voice information, image information, video information, SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) or other data are transmitted by means of electromagnetic waves via a radio interface between transmitting and receiving nodes .
  • the nodes may be various subscriber-side terminals or network-side radio facilities such as base stations.
  • the subscriber-side terminals are mobile terminals.
  • the radiation of the electromagnetic waves is carried out with carrier frequencies which lie in the frequency band provided for the respective system.
  • Bluetooth refers to a short-range radio communication system (short-range radio system) presented by the initiators Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia and Toshiba in 1999, with which a large number of mobile terminals can be connected to one another without cables.
  • the terminals may be, for example, mobile phones, laptops or handheld PCs, printers, headsets, digital cameras or cameras, or input devices, such as a mouse.
  • the radio transmission is carried out by Bluetooth in the spectrum of the worldwide freely available 2.4 GHz ISM band (ISM: Industrial, Scientific and Medical) with a maximum transmission power of 100 mW.
  • the range of the radio transmission which does not require a visual connection between the transmitting and receiving nodes, is approximately 10 m and can be extended by increasing the transmission power to approximately 100 m.
  • the baseband protocol of the Bluetooth devices works with a combination of packet switching (packet switching), frequency hopping (frequency hopping, FH) and error correction. This achieves a stable and fault-tolerant transmission between the communicating nodes.
  • the Bluetooth specification simultaneously allows up to seven transmissions to other terminals, which communicate with each other in so-called piconets via temporarily activated connections.
  • the individual devices can also Be ⁇ part of several piconets, so that they are in turn connected to a so-called scatternetwork.
  • a piconet there is one node each, which performs the function of the master node.
  • the remaining devices of the piconet act as slave nodes. They are controlled by the master node and use its transfer clock and hopping sequence.
  • the communication within a scatternet across piconet boundaries takes place via bridge nodes, which thus belong to several piconets.
  • the bridge nodes can be so-called “slave-slave bridges”, which act as slave nodes in both piconets, or so-called “master-slave bridges”, which in a piconet act as slave nodes. Node and acting as a master node in another piconet.
  • no routing method ie no method for determining a path between two nodes.
  • a routing procedure must be carried out. Take into account in a routing within a Bluetooth scatternet, in particular the star-shaped architecture of the individual piconets.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an efficient routing method in a Bluetooth scatternetwork. Furthermore, a node of a Bluetooth scatternet for implementing the method will be presented.
  • the nodes of the Bluetooth scatternetwork are divided into a first and a second type of node with regard to their function during routing.
  • the Bluetooth scatternetwork comprises a plurality of master nodes and a plurality of slave nodes, wherein at least one node functions as a bridging node.
  • the nodes of the first type consist of the master node and the bridge node (s), while the nodes of the second type consist of the remaining slave node (s) of the Bluetooth scatternet.
  • routing messages are broadcasted to the respective neighboring nodes of the first type using the BNEP protocol.
  • the Bluetooth scatternetwork consists of a plurality of Bluetooth piconets connected via bridge nodes.
  • a bridge node connecting several piconets can act as master nodes or as slave nodes in the piconets.
  • routing messages are sent.
  • At least part of the routing messages are broadcast by nodes of the first type using the BN ⁇ P protocol (Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol), which can be found, for example, in Bluetooth Special Interest Group: "Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol (BNEP) Specification", Specification of the Bluetooth System, Version 0.95, May 6 , 2001 is beschrie ⁇ ben.
  • BN ⁇ P protocol Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol
  • nodes of the first type use the BNEP protocol for sending broadcast messages, not the nodes of the second type.
  • nodes of the first type send routing messages to their respective neighboring nodes of the first type. Nodes are adjacent when a direct radio contact between them is possible.
  • routing messages can be sent from master nodes to bridge nodes, wherein the bridge nodes can be both master nodes and slave nodes.
  • routing messages can be sent in this manner. Sending broadcast messages in a Bluetooth network is made possible by BNEP.
  • nodes of the first type perform at least a part of the nodes of the second type concerning steps of the routing method in substitution of the respective nodes of the second type. It is possible for all specific nodes of the second type to perform routing steps of nodes of the first type, so that these nodes of the second type are not active in the routing method involved. This can apply to all or even a part of the nodes of the second type. Thus, it is also possible that some slave nodes themselves take over all the steps of the routing method that concern them.
  • the assumption of routing steps of the nodes of the second type by nodes of the first type has the advantage that routing algorithms, which are not usually implemented in Bluetooth nodes, are implemented only in a limited number of Bluetooth nodes which belong to the nodes of the first type.
  • the remaining slave nodes do not have to master the respective routing protocols or algorithms.
  • a routing method which can be used in a WLAN IEEE 802.11 system is carried out.
  • routing systems known per se from other systems can be used in a Bluetooth scatternetwork.
  • no new routing protocols have to be created, but already existing ones can be implemented.
  • a WLAN IEEE 802.11 system deployable routing method, e.g.
  • AODV Adapter on Demand Distance Vector Routing
  • DSR Dynamic Source Routing
  • TORA Temporalally-Ordered Routing Algorithm
  • OLSR Optimized Link State Routing Protocol
  • TBRPF Topology Broadcast Based on Reverse Path Forwarding
  • nodes of the first type use a protocol layer which lies between a Bluetooth-specific and a routing-method-specific protocol layer. This protocol layer enables the implementation and implementation of the respective routing method by a Bluetooth node.
  • the Bluetooth scatternet node according to the invention has means for broadcasting routing messages to its neighboring master nodes and bridge nodes using the BNEP protocol as part of a routing method.
  • the node according to the invention may be a master node or a slave node acting as a bridge node. If it is a master node, it is also possible that it acts as a bridge node.
  • the node according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, and this also applies to the refinements and developments. For this purpose, he may have other suitable means.
  • FIG. 1 a Bluetooth scatternet
  • Figure 2 a part of a protocol stack.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Bluetooth scatternetwork consisting of two Bluetooth piconets.
  • the first piconet consists of the master node Ml and the four slave nodes Sil, S12, S13 and B, while the second piconet consists of the master node M2 and the three slave nodes S21, S22 and B.
  • the node B belongs to both piconets as a slave node and thus acts as a bridge node between the two piconets.
  • the function of a bridge node can also be used by a node, which acts as a master node in one piconet and as a slave node in another piconet, redesignge be taken.
  • the nodes of the Bluetooth scatternetwork for routing are classified into two types: nodes of the first type are visible for routing, the first type includes all master nodes and all bridge nodes of the Bluetooth scatternet; Nodes of the second type are not visible for routing, while the second type includes all slave nodes which do not function as bridge nodes.
  • the layer BLUETOOTH BNEP enables the communication via IP via Bluetooth, as specified in the standard IEEE 802.15.1.
  • the use of the BNEP protocol enables the transmission of messages within Bluetooth networks via broadcast.
  • the MANET ROUTING layer includes one or more routing protocols known by MANETs (MANET: Mobile Adhoc Network). Examples are the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) routing protocols AODV or DSR. These protocols are mainly designed for use in WLAN 802.11 systems.
  • a layer BETWEEN LAYER is realized between the layers BLUETOOTH BNEP and MANET ROUTING, which has the following functions:
  • the broadcast message is buffered until the bridge node sends the broadcast message to the respective master node of all piconets connected by the bridge node has transmitted.
  • the broadcast message is buffered until the master node sends the message to all bridge nodes to which the respective piconet is connected is, has transferred.
  • Broadcasted routing messages are only forwarded to nodes of the first type.
  • the INTERMEDIATE layer For incoming routing messages for the own node of the first type, the INTERMEDIATE layer is transparent. These routing messages are forwarded to the MANET ROUTING layer.
  • Incoming routing messages for connected nodes of the second type are either in the layer Intermediate layer is treated or processed so that the MANET ROUTING layer can take over this task on behalf of connected nodes of the second type. Routing messages that come from the MANET ROUTING layer of the own node are treated transparently if they are not addressed to connected nodes of the second type. If they are addressed to connected nodes of the second type, the corresponding actions in substitution for the respective node of the second type are optionally carried out in the layer INTERMEDIATE LAYER.
  • incoming data messages i. non-routing messages
  • the inter-layer layer is transparent
  • these are passed on to the MANET ROUTING layer.
  • Incoming data messages for connected nodes of the second type are recognized by the INTERMEDIATE layer and sent via bluetooth unicast to the corresponding slave node.
  • the INTERMEDIATE layer For incoming data messages which are not intended for either the own node or the connected second type nodes, the INTERMEDIATE layer is transparent. These data messages are passed on to the MANET ROUTING layer.
  • the INTERMEDIATE LAYER layer extracts information for the control of its processes from the messages passing through it. This is transparent for the news.
  • Layer MANET ROUTING in substitution for nodes of the second type, so that these nodes of the second type do not need the two layers INTERMEDIATE and MANET ROUTING.
  • the procedure according to the invention has a number of advantages: existing IETF MANET routing protocols can be used efficiently. Slave nodes do not need to have routing It is sufficient if nodes of the first type have implemented the corresponding protocols. It is possible that the routing protocol used is known to some or all slave nodes insofar as it can implement parts of the routing protocol as the end node. There is a low signaling overhead, since an IP broadcast is no longer sent as Bluetooth unicast to all nodes during routing, but only to nodes of the first type.
  • the intermediate layer consists of three sub-layers:
  • First sub-layer with general functions Detection of the messages of the AODV routing protocol based on the IP port numbers, accesses to data messages of nodes of the second type
  • Second sub-layer with AODV-specific functions interpreting AODV messages, processing AODV messages representing nodes of the second type, generating AODV messages
  • Third sublayer with functions specific to the AODV routing protocol and layer INTERMEDIATE layer using flags indicating whether or not a node of the second type uses the AODV routing protocol, storing a list of connected nodes of the second type.
  • a first type of routing message is HELLO messages. They are used by AODV for the neighbor node discovery and connectivity management procedures. HELLO messages are sent periodically via IP broadcast. By receiving a HELLO message, a node can recognize its neighbors and determine whether there is currently a connection to them. HELLO messages are sent only by nodes of the first type, they are addressed exclusively to nodes of the first type. By sending the HELLO messages, the master nodes know the neighboring bridge nodes and the bridge nodes the neighboring master and bridge nodes.
  • a second type of routing message is RREQ (Route Request) and RREP (Route Reply) messages.
  • RREQ Ring Request
  • RREP Ring Reply
  • a first slave node sends a data message to its master node to a second slave node of another piconet
  • the master node sends a RREQ message to its be ⁇ in substitution for the first Slvave node
  • the path determination between nodes of the first type, ie between master nodes, between bridge nodes, as well as between master and bridge nodes takes place in that the respective node writes a RREQ message and sends it to its neighboring master node. or bridge node shipped.
  • the RREQ and RREP messages are sent via Bluetooth unicast.
  • a third type of routing message is RERR (Route Error) messages. If a route is interrupted, causes e.g. due to the mobility of a node along the route, an RERR message is sent back to the source node so that it can initiate a new path determination by sending a RREQ message. If the source node is a node of the second type, its master node receives the RERR message in substitution for it and then sends the RREQ message, so that a new route can be determined.
  • RERR Oute Error
  • the transmission, processing and reception of AODV-specific messages is performed exclusively by nodes of the first type.
  • the master nodes take over all AODV-specific steps in substitution for their slave nodes. So no sending of HELLO messages by slave nodes, the initiation of the path determination by sending a RREQ message is performed by a master Node, the creation of an RKEP message in response to a RREQ message is done by a master node. Furthermore, RREP messages and RERR messages are not passed on to a slave node of the second type but are processed by its master node.
  • slave nodes can also exist which send RREQ messages as source node or receive RREP and RERR messages and as destination node RREQ Receive messages and send RREP messages.
  • RREQ messages As source node or receive RREP and RERR messages and as destination node RREQ Receive messages and send RREP messages.
  • HELLO messages By sending HELLO messages, these slave nodes can inform their master that they are capable of performing these parts of the AODV procedure. However, they are only used as end nodes of a path and not fully routed because they are not used to route routing messages and thus can not be part of a path between source and destination nodes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de routage dans un réseau fractionné Bluetooth. Ledit réseau fractionné Bluetooth comprend plusieurs noeuds-maîtres M1, M2) et des noeuds-esclaves (S11, S12, S13, S22, S21, B), au moins un noeud faisant orifice de noeud-pont (B). Lors du routage, les noeuds du réseau fractionné Bluetooth sont divisés en un premier et en un second type de noeuds, pour ce qui est de leur fonction. Les noeuds du premier type comprennent des noeuds-maîtres (M1, M2) et le ou les noeuds-ponts (B) et les noeuds du second tape comprennent le ou les noeuds-esclaves restants (S11, S12, S13, S22, S21) du réseau fractionné Bluetooth. Des messages de routage sont envoyés par des noeuds du premier type, par transmission, à chacun des noeuds adjacents du premier type, à l'aie du protocole BNEP.
PCT/EP2005/053067 2004-07-01 2005-06-29 Procede de routage pour reseau fractionne bluetooth WO2006003165A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004032010.1 2004-07-01
DE200410032010 DE102004032010B4 (de) 2004-07-01 2004-07-01 Routingverfahren für ein Bluetooth-Scatternetz

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WO2006003165A1 true WO2006003165A1 (fr) 2006-01-12

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WO (1) WO2006003165A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109547984A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2019-03-29 上海仪电（集团）有限公司中央研究院 一种可实现多主一从的蓝牙控制系统
CN109547984B (zh) * 2017-08-16 2023-04-18 上海仪电（集团）有限公司中央研究院 一种可实现多主一从的蓝牙控制系统

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DE102004032010B4 (de) 2006-06-01

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