WO2006095762A1 - 太陽電池封止材 - Google Patents
太陽電池封止材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006095762A1 WO2006095762A1 PCT/JP2006/304449 JP2006304449W WO2006095762A1 WO 2006095762 A1 WO2006095762 A1 WO 2006095762A1 JP 2006304449 W JP2006304449 W JP 2006304449W WO 2006095762 A1 WO2006095762 A1 WO 2006095762A1
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- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- copolymer
- ethylene
- olefin
- unsaturated carboxylic
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10743—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing acrylate (co)polymers or salts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/804—Materials of encapsulations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell element sealing material in a solar cell module and a solar cell module using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a solar cell encapsulant that is easy to form a solar cell module and is excellent in transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, adhesiveness, and the like.
- a solar cell module protects a solar cell element such as silicon, gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium, etc. with an upper transparent protective material and a lower substrate protective material, and the solar cell element and the protective material with a sealing material. It is fixed and closed. For this reason, as a solar cell sealing material, it is required that the protective material is excellent in adhesiveness with the solar cell element and also has good transparency in order to increase power generation efficiency. Moreover, even if the temperature rises when using the solar cell module, it is required to have heat resistance in order to avoid troubles in which the sealing material flows or deforms. In recent years, as solar cell elements have become thinner, sealing materials with even higher flexibility have been demanded.
- silicon cells are the most expensive force. Since the characteristics of semiconductors are not fundamentally degraded, only silicon cells can be removed from the module after the module has been used or when a component fails and is replaced. There is a need to take it out and reuse it. At present, however, the encapsulant is cross-linked, and the encapsulant cannot be removed by melting and heating. In addition, since a silane coupling agent is added, adhesion to silicon cells and metal parts is improved. Difficult to peel off is also a problem. Therefore, the sealing material is required to have a function that promotes the reuse of silicon cells.
- an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a high content of butyl acetate is used as a sealing material for a solar cell element in a solar cell module from the viewpoint of flexibility, transparency, and the like.
- an organic peroxide in combination with a silane coupling agent because of its lack of heat resistance and adhesiveness. Therefore, it was necessary to adopt a two-stage process in which a sheet of ethylene butyl acetate copolymer blended with these additives was prepared in advance and the solar cell element was sealed using the obtained sheet. In the manufacturing stage of this sheet, it is necessary to form at a low temperature such that the organic peroxide does not decompose!
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-40709
- the present inventors do not require the use of such organic peroxides, and therefore can significantly improve the production efficiency of the solar cell module, and the force can be used as a sealing material for solar cells.
- An alternative material with excellent properties was investigated.
- the present inventors have found that a laminated material described later is excellent in transparency, flexibility, heat resistance and adhesiveness and is suitable as an alternative material, and reached the present invention.
- the present invention comprises an adhesive 'heat resistant layer (A) and a buffer layer (B) laminated
- the present invention relates to a solar cell encapsulant (solar cell element encapsulant) having a difference in flexural modulus between layer (A) and buffer layer (B) of at least 30 MPa.
- the adhesive heat-resistant layer (A) has a melting point of CFIS K712 1-1987, DSC method)
- the storage elastic modulus at 75 ° C or higher and 150 ° C is 10
- a solar cell encapsulant comprising an polyolefin polymer (a) of 3 Pa or higher.
- a solar cell encapsulating material in which a silane coupling agent is blended with the olefin polymer (a) is preferably an embodiment.
- a solar cell encapsulant in which the olefin polymer (a) is an ethylene / polar monomer copolymer (b) is a preferred embodiment. More preferably, the ethylene polar monomer copolymer (b) is an ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer having an unsaturated carboxylic acid unit content of at least weight%, and its ionomer is a solar cell encapsulant. It is an aspect.
- a solar cell encapsulant in which the olefin polymer (a) is a crystalline or low crystalline ⁇ -year-old refin polymer (c) having the above melting point and storage elastic modulus is preferred from the viewpoint of transparency. This is a good mode.
- the crystalline or low crystalline ⁇ -olefin polymer (c) is a polymer or copolymer of oc-olefin having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the crystallinity by X-ray is 5% or more.
- the solar cell encapsulating material is a preferred embodiment.
- the present invention provides the above-described solar cell sealing material, wherein the buffer layer ( ⁇ ) is composed of an olefin polymer (d) having a flexural modulus of 100 MPa or less as the solar cell sealing material.
- the buffer layer ( ⁇ ) is composed of an olefin polymer (d) having a flexural modulus of 100 MPa or less as the solar cell sealing material.
- the olefin polymer (d) 1S ethylene / butyl acetate copolymer, ethylene 'unsaturated rubonic acid ester copolymer, ethylene' unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, its ionomer and the following requirements (i) ⁇ Amorphous a-olefin polymer satisfying (c) (e) 50 ⁇ : LOO parts by weight and crystalline ex 1 year old refin polymer (f) 50 ⁇ 0 parts by weight (100 parts by weight in total)
- the solar cell encapsulant which is the rosin composition (g) containing is preferably an embodiment.
- the olefin copolymer (d) 1S ethylene / butyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene'unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, its ionomer and amorphous or low Crystalline a-olefin copolymer power
- the solar cell encapsulant that is selected is also a preferred embodiment.
- the olefin copolymer (d) 1S ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer having an unsaturated carboxylic acid ester unit content of 10 to 40% by weight and a melting point (T ° C) (Conforms to JIS K7121-1987 or IS03146, DSC method) and unsaturated carboxylic acid ester unit content (X mol%) satisfies the following formula.
- T ° C Cons to JIS K7121-1987 or IS03146, DSC method
- X mol% unsaturated carboxylic acid ester unit content
- a solar cell encapsulant is also a preferred embodiment.
- the olefin copolymer (d) is composed of an olefin copolymer (d) containing a crosslinking agent, and the solar cell encapsulant is preferably U.
- a solar cell encapsulant comprising the olefin copolymer (d) and the olefin copolymer (d) containing a silane coupling agent is also a preferred embodiment.
- the present invention also provides the solar cell sealing material, wherein the adhesive / heat-resistant layer (A) side is in contact with the protective material, and the buffer layer (B) is in contact with the solar cell element.
- the solar cell module in which an element is sealed. At this time, the solar cell module having an adhesive strength of 3 NZlOmm or more is preferable.
- the sealing material of the present invention is excellent in transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, adhesiveness, and the like, and can be sufficiently used for a thin-walled solar cell element. Moreover, even if the temperature rises when using the solar cell module, it is possible to avoid the trouble that the sealing material flows or deforms, and the appearance of the solar cell is not impaired. Furthermore, in a formulation that eliminates the use of organic peroxide, the productivity in the solar cell module manufacturing process can be significantly increased, and the manufacturing cost of the solar cell module can be greatly reduced. Also, after using the solar cell module using the sealing material of the present invention When a battery breaks down and is replaced, the module power of the solar cell element can be easily separated and can be reused.
- the solar cell encapsulant of the present invention comprises an adhesive 'heat resistant layer (A) and a buffer layer (B), and a difference in flexural modulus between the adhesive' heat resistant layer (A) and the buffer layer (B).
- A adhesive 'heat resistant layer
- B buffer layer
- a difference in flexural modulus between the adhesive' heat resistant layer (A) and the buffer layer (B) has a laminated structure with at least 30 MPa.
- the adhesive heat-resistant layer (A) in the sealing material of the present invention exhibits good adhesion to protective materials such as glass, polycarbonate and acrylic resin, and does not easily deform at high temperatures! ⁇ It is composed of materials, and considering heat resistance, an olefin polymer (a) with a melting point (conforming to JIS K7121—1987) of 75 ° C or higher and a storage elastic modulus of 150 ° C or higher is 10 3 Pa or higher. It is preferable to use it. Considering productivity especially in the production of solar cell modules, it is preferable to use the former polyolefin polymer (a).
- the material constituting the adhesion / heat-resistant layer (A) is preferably one having a HAZE of 10% or less at a thickness of 0.5 mm.
- the olefin polymer (a) having a storage elastic modulus of 75 ° C or higher and 150 ° C of 10 3 Pa or higher is a protective material such as glass, polycarbonate, and acrylic resin.
- a silane coupling agent examples include compounds having a hydrolyzable group such as an alkoxy group in addition to an unsaturated group such as a vinyl group, an attaryloxy group and a methacryloxy group, an amino group and an epoxy group.
- silane coupling agent N-(beta-amino aminoethyl) ⁇ - ⁇ amino propyl trimethoxy silane, ⁇ - (j8- aminoethyl) gamma amino propyl methyl dimethoxy silane, .gamma. ⁇ amino propyl triethoxy
- Examples include silane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like.
- the silane coupling agent is desirably blended in an amount of about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer component constituting the adhesive heat-resistant layer (A).
- Examples of the olefin polymer (a) include the ethylene 'polar monomer copolymer (b) having the melting point and the storage elastic modulus in consideration of transparency.
- Melting point (according to JIS K7121—1987) Storage elastic modulus at 75 ° C or higher and 150 ° C is 10 3 Pa or higher
- One preferred example of the ethylene polar monomer copolymer (b) is an unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer having an unsaturated carboxylic acid unit content of not less than 5% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
- the ionomer has a melting point by DSC of 75 ° C or higher, preferably 85 ° C or higher, more preferably 90 to 110 ° C.
- 190 is also considered in consideration of moldability and mechanical strength.
- Menoleto flow rate at 2160 g load JIS K7210-1999, the same shall apply hereinafter) of 0.1 to: LOOgZlO, particularly 0.5 to 50 g / 10 min is preferred.
- Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride, and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the ionomer of the ethylene / unsaturated rubonic acid copolymer include alkali metals such as lithium and sodium, and polyvalent metals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and aluminum. The advantages of using such ionomers are transparency and high storage modulus at high temperatures. Among these, an ionomer or a blend of an ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer and an ionomer having an average neutralization degree of 1 to 30% is particularly preferable.
- the olefin polymer (a) can be exemplified by the crystalline or low-crystalline single-year-old refin polymer (c) having the melting point and the storage elastic modulus.
- the crystalline or low crystalline ⁇ -olefin polymer (c) is a polymer or copolymer of oc-olefin having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and has a crystallinity of 5% or more by X-rays. It is preferable to use a random copolymer of propylene and other ⁇ -olefin.
- ⁇ -olefins in the random copolymer examples include a-olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1 pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and the like. Of these, ethylene and Z or 1-butene are preferred.
- the content of the other a-olefin units is preferably 10% by weight or more! /.
- Such a random copolymer of propylene and other (X-olefin is used for titanium, etc.
- Ziegler-containing Natta transition metal components or transition metal compound components such as meta-octane transition metal components including titanium, zirconium, hafnium, etc., promoter components such as organoaluminum components, electron donors and carriers as required
- a stereoregular polyolefin polymerization catalyst containing the above, etc. it can be produced by polymerizing propylene or copolymerizing propylene with other a-olefins.
- the material constituting the buffer layer (B) is preferably an olefin polymer (d) having a flexural rigidity of lOOMPa or less, preferably having excellent flexibility and transparency.
- Examples of olefin polymers (d) include amorphous ⁇ -olefin polymers (e) 50- satisfying the following requirements (ii) to (iii): LOO parts by weight and crystalline ex-olefin polymers A resin composition containing (f) and 50 to 0 parts by weight (100 parts by weight in total) and having a melting point (or softening point) of 75 ° C or higher and a storage elastic modulus of 150 ° C or higher and 10 3 Pa or higher. (G).
- (C) MwZMn is 5 or less.
- the amorphous a-olefin polymer (e) has a carbon atom number of 3 to 20 (monomer unit based on X-olefin, when the total monomer unit content is 100 mol%.
- the polymer content is at least 20 mol%, preferably at least 30 mol% If the monomer content is too small, the transparency and bleed resistance may be inferior.
- olefins include propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-otaten, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-tridecene 1-tetradecene, 1-pentadecene, 1-hex Sadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-nanodecene, 1-eicosene and other linear ⁇ -olefins; 3-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 2-ethyl-1-to Examples include branched ⁇ -olefins such as xene and 2, 2, 4 trimethyl-1-pentene, and these can be used in combination.
- the amorphous a-olefin polymer (e) may contain monomer units based on monomers other than a-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include ethylene, polyethylene compound, cyclic olefin, and vinyl aromatic compound.
- the content of the monomer unit is 70 mol% or less, preferably 50 mol% or less, particularly preferably 20 mol% or less, based on 100 mol% of all monomer units in the amorphous ⁇ -olefin polymer. It is desirable that
- the amorphous a-olefin polymer (e) is preferably propylene homopolymer, propylene / ethylene copolymer, copolymer of propylene and ⁇ -olefin other than propylene, propylene and carbon number 4
- the above-mentioned copolymers of polyolefin and ethylene more preferably propylene homopolymer, propylene'ethylene copolymer, propylene / 1-butene copolymer, propylene / 1-hexene copolymer, propylene 'Ethylene 1-butene copolymer, propylene' Ethylene 1-hexene copolymer, more preferably propylene homopolymer, propylene 1-butene copolymer, propylene 'ethylene 1-butene copolymer And most preferably a propylene homopolymer or a propylene / 1-butene copolymer.
- the above polymers may be used
- the amorphous ⁇ -year-old refin polymer (e) is a polymer in which a melting peak is not substantially observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Those where melting peaks are observed may have poor transparency.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Mn number average molecular weight measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using standard polystyrene as the molecular weight standard substance
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the non-crystalline ex-single-year-old refin polymer (e) having the above-described properties is obtained by a slurry polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method or the like using a meta-cene catalyst. Can be manufactured.
- a slurry polymerization method a solution polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method or the like using a meta-cene catalyst.
- the method of EP 121 1287 can be exemplified.
- the above resin composition (g) it is used together with an amorphous a-olefin polymer (e).
- the crystalline ⁇ -olefin polymer (f) capable of forming an ⁇ -olefin polymer having a carbon number of 2 to 10 and having a crystallinity of 30% or more by X-rays.
- Amorphous a 1-year-old refin polymer Considering compatibility with (e), transparency, heat resistance, etc., use propylene homopolymer or random copolymer of propylene and a small proportion of other a-olefins. It is preferable to do.
- a-olefins in the random copolymer examples include ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl 1-pentene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene. Of these, ethylene and cocoon or 1-butene are preferred.
- the content of the other ⁇ -olefin units is preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the propylene homopolymer or propylene random copolymer also has a melting peak force of 120 to 170 ° C, especially 150 to 170 ° C based on a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Powerful! / ⁇
- Such a propylene homopolymer or a random copolymer of propylene and a small proportion of other ⁇ -olefins is a Ziegler-Natta transition metal component containing titanium or a meta-mouth containing titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or the like.
- a transition metal compound component such as a sen transition metal component, a promoter component such as an organoaluminum component, and a stereoregular polyolefin polymerization catalyst including an electron donor and a carrier as required
- it can be produced by copolymerizing propylene and other olefins.
- the rosin composition (g) comprises the amorphous oc-olefin polymer (e) 50 to: LOO parts by weight, preferably 60 to 99 parts by weight, more preferably 70 to 95 parts by weight, Crystalline ⁇ -olefin polymer (f) 50-0 parts by weight, preferably 40-1 parts by weight, more preferably 30-5 parts by weight (total of (e) and (f) is 100 parts by weight) and force Become.
- the resin composition (g) also has a melting peak (based on a differential operating calorimeter) of 120-170 ° C, preferably 150-170 ° C due to the crystalline olefin polymer (e). I like things.
- Examples of the olefin copolymer (d) include an ethylene 'butyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene' unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, an ethylene.unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, its ionomer and amorphous or A low crystallinity ⁇ -year-old refin copolymer having a hardness selected as described above can be used.
- vinyl acetate unit content Power S of about 10 to 40% by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or, unit content of acrylic acid ester or methacrylic acid ester is about 15 to 40 weight 0/0 Ethylene 'acrylic acid ester ether copolymer or ethylene 'It is preferable to use a methacrylate ester copolymer
- ethylene acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, a copolymer or ionomer thereof comprising acrylate or Metatari Le ester and power, polymerized unit content of acrylic or methacrylic acid 4 to 30 weight 0 / 0 , acrylic acid ester or methacrylate ester having a polymer unit of 1 to 30% by weight can be used.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester unit content power is 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight.
- Ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, whose melting point (T ° C) by DSC (based on JIS K7121—1987 or IS03146) is less than the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester unit content (X mol%) In the relationship, the following formula
- the copolymer which satisfies can be illustrated.
- an acrylic acid ester or a methacrylic acid ester is preferable.
- Specific examples of ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymers include ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene, ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene' methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene isobutyl acrylate.
- the copolymer include an ethylene'acrylic acid ester copolymer or an ethylene'methacrylic acid ester copolymer such as ethylene'acrylic acid ⁇ butyl copolymer.
- the melt flow rate at 190 ° C and 2160g load is 0.1 ⁇ : LOOgZlO, especially 0.5%, considering the molding processability and mechanical strength. It is preferable to use ⁇ 50g / 10min.
- the melting point is higher than the content of unsaturated carboxylic acid ester units, and the copolymer is, for example, high-pressure radical polymerization method and multi-stage by autoclave method. It can be polymerized or produced by a tubular method. As an example of these production methods, the methods introduced in JP-A-62-273214 and Japanese Patent No. 3423308 can be mentioned.
- the protective material in the solar cell module is polycarbonate or acrylic resin
- the ethylene 'unsaturated carbo When an acid ester copolymer is used, a desired adhesive force may be obtained without adding a silane coupling agent.
- an olefin polymer containing a crosslinking agent can be used as the olefin polymer constituting the adhesion / heat-resistant layer (B).
- the olefin polymer containing a crosslinking agent include an ethylene copolymer composition (h) containing a crosslinking agent.
- a crosslinked one having a storage elastic modulus at 150 ° C of 10 3 Pa or more is preferable and transparent.
- Examples of the polar monomer of the copolymer (i) include vinyl acetate, butyl esters such as butyl propionate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate.
- Unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as isooctyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, dimethyl maleate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, monomethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, maleic anhydride, no water
- unsaturated carboxylic acids such as itaconic acid, salts of these unsaturated carboxylic acids, carbon monoxide and disulfuric acid.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid salt include monovalent metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and salts of polyvalent metals such as magnesium, calcium and zinc.
- ethylene'polar monomer copolymer (i) more specifically, ethylene' bule ester copolymer such as ethylene 'vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene' methyl acrylate copolymer Ethylene, ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene 'methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene' isobutyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer such as ethylene' n-butyl acrylate copolymer
- Typical examples include polymers such as ethylene / acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene / methacrylic acid copolymers, ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers such as ethylene / isobutyl acrylate / metatalic acid copolymers and their ionomers. It can be illustrated as.
- Particularly preferred ethylene 'polar monomer copolymers (i) are examples of polymers such
- the preferred polar monomer unit content in the ethylene 'polar monomer copolymer is It varies slightly depending on the type. For example, in the case of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or an ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer, vinyl acetate or an unsaturated polymer is used in consideration of heat resistance, adhesiveness, flexibility, moldability, durability, and insulation.
- the unit content of saturated carboxylic acid ester is preferably 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight.
- Ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers or their ionomers contain ethylene units.
- the unit content of acid ester or the like is from 40 to 40% by weight, preferably from 0 to 30% by weight, and the neutralization degree is 90% or less, preferably 80% or less.
- Such an ethylene 'polar monomer copolymer has a melt flow rate at 190 ° C and a load of 2160g of 0.1 to 0.1%: LOOgZlO content, especially in consideration of molding processability and mechanical strength. It is preferable to use the one having 5 to 50 gZlO min.
- These ethylene 'vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene' unsaturated carboxylic acid ester copolymer and ethylene 'unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer can be obtained by radical copolymerization at high temperature and high pressure.
- An ionomer of an ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer can be obtained by reacting an ethylene / unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer with a metal compound.
- Crosslinking agents that can be incorporated into the ethylene copolymer composition (h) include organic peroxides having a decomposition temperature (temperature at which the half-life is 1 hour) of 70 to 180 ° C, particularly 90 to 160 ° C.
- organic peroxides include tertiary butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, tertiary butyl peroxyacetate, tertiary butyl peroxybenzoate, dicumyl peroxide, 2,5 dimethyl-2,5 Bis (tertiary butyl peroxide) hexane, di-tertiary butyl peroxide, 2, 5 dimethyl-2,5 bis (tertiary butyl peroxide) hexine-3, 1, 1-bis (tertiary butyl peroxide) -3, 3 , 5 Trimethylcyclohexane, 1, 1 Bis (tertiary butylperoxy) cyclohexane, Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, 2, 5 Dimethylhexyl, 2, 5 Bisperoxybenzoate, Tertiary butyl hydride peroxide , ⁇ -Menthanide mouth peroxide, benzoyl peroxide,
- the suitable amount of the crosslinking agent varies depending on the type of the crosslinking agent. Ratio of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, especially 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the ethylene copolymer (b-1) Is effective.
- a crosslinking aid can be blended together with a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking aid include polyunsaturated compounds such as polyallyl compounds and poly (meth) ary oxy compounds. More specifically, polyallyl compounds such as triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl fumarate, and diallyl maleate, ethylene glycol ditalylate, ethylene glycol dimetatalylate, trimethylolpropane Examples thereof include poly (meth) atari oxy compounds such as trimetatalylate, and divinylbenzene. It is effective that the crosslinking aid is blended at a ratio of 5 parts by weight or less, for example, about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the ethylene copolymer (h-1).
- an amorphous or low crystalline a-olefin copolymer can be mentioned.
- This copolymer has 2 to 10 carbon atoms (two or more kinds of X-olefins as constituents, and has a crystallinity of 40% or less (0 to 40%) measured by X-ray diffraction method).
- a typical example of such a copolymer is ethylene or propylene, and other one or two other a-olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- a copolymer having a constitution in which the above is a minor component and a small amount of a gen monomer is copolymerized as required.
- the copolymer mainly composed of ethylene, 50 to 90 moles of ethylene polymerization units 0/0, preferably 50 to 70 to 85 mole 0/0, other than ethylene ⁇ Orefin polymerized units: LO mol %, preferably 30 to 15 mole 0/0, 2 mol 0/0 hereinafter Gen monomer polymerization unit if necessary, it can preferably be mentioned those containing more than 1 mole%.
- ethylene copolymers examples include ethylene 'propylene copolymer, ethylene 1-butene copolymer, ethylene 4-methyl-1 pentene copolymer, ethylene 1-hexene copolymer, ethylene 1 Otaten copolymer, ethylene 'propylene' dicyclopentaene copolymer, ethylene.propylene.5-ethylidene 2 norbornene copolymer, ethylene / propylene • 1, 6 hexene copolymer, etc. it can.
- Tylene / propylene copolymer, ethylene 'propylene' gen copolymer or ethylene / 1 butene copolymer is preferred.
- the copolymer mainly comprising propylene, 70 to 95 mol of propylene polymerization unit 0/0, preferably from 72 to 90 mole 0/0, 5 to 30 polymerized units other than propylene at- Orefuin Examples are those containing mol%, preferably 10 to 28 mol%.
- propylene-based copolymer examples include propylene'ethylene copolymer and propylene'1-butene copolymer.
- the above-mentioned amorphous or low crystalline ex-aged refin copolymer in consideration of moldability, mechanical strength, etc., conforms to ASTM D-1238, at 230 ° C under 2160g load It is preferable to use a measured menoleto flow rate (MFR) force of 0.1 to 50 g / 10 min, in particular 0.5 to 20 g / 10 min.
- MFR menoleto flow rate
- the non-crystalline or low-crystallin ex-one-year-old refin copolymer is a vanadium catalyst comprising a soluble vanadium compound and an organoaluminum halide in the case of a copolymer mainly composed of ethylene.
- ethylene and ethylene in the presence of a meta-octacene catalyst composed of a meta-octacene compound such as a zirconium compound coordinated with a cyclopentagel group or the like and an organoaluminum oxide compound.
- ⁇ -olefins can be produced by copolymerization.
- a transition metal compound component such as a highly active titanium catalyst component or a metallocene catalyst component, an organic aluminum component, an electron donor, a carrier, etc., if necessary. It can be produced by copolymerizing propylene with other polyolefins in the presence of a stereoregular polyolefin polymerization catalyst containing.
- additives can be optionally blended in the adhesive heat-resistant layer ( ⁇ ) and the buffer layer ( ⁇ ).
- additives include cross-linking agents, silane coupling agents, UV absorbers, hindered phenolic and phosphite-based anti-oxidation agents, hindered amine light stabilizers, light diffusing agents, A flame retardant, a discoloration preventing agent, etc. can be illustrated.
- crosslinking agent those exemplified as those that can be blended in the ethylene copolymer composition (h) can be used, and as the silane coupling agent, the olefin polymer (a) or ethylene copolymer can be used.
- Examples of ultraviolet absorbers that can be added to each layer include various types such as benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, triazine-based, and salicylic acid ester-based types.
- Examples of the benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber include 2 hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2 hydroxy-4-methoxy-1-2′-carboxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-1-4- n-dodecyloxyben zophenone, 2-hydroxy-1 4-- n-octadecyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4 benzyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4 methoxy-5 sulfobenzophenone, 2 hydroxy-5 chloro Mouth Benzophenone, 2, 4 Dihydroxybenzophenone, 2, 2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2, 2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-Dimethoxybenzophenone, 2, 2 ', 4
- benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorber examples include hydroxyphenol-substituted benzotriazole compounds such as 2- (2 hydroxy-5-methylphenol) benzotriazole, 2- (2 hydroxy-5 t-butylphenol).
- Triazine UV absorbers include 2- [4,6-bis (2,4 dimethylphenol) 1,3,5 triazine-2-yl] -5- (octyloxy) phenol, 2- (4 , 6 Diphenyl 1, 3, 5 Triazine 2-yl) 5- (Hexyloxy) phenol and the like.
- Examples of the salicylic acid ester group include phenyl salicylate and p-octyl phenyl salicylate.
- an amorphous solar cell element formed by sputtering or the like may be used to form a sealing material and a lower protective material.
- the solar cell sealing material of the present invention is such that (A) contacts the upper and Z or lower protective materials, and the buffer layer (B) contacts the solar cell element. Used.
- the total thickness of the solar cell encapsulant is about 0.1 to 1.5 mm, the thickness of the adhesive heat-resistant layer (A) is about 0.2 to 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the buffer layer (B) is 0.05 to 0 It is preferable that the thickness ratio [A] Z [B] of the adhesive / heat-resistant layer (A) and the buffer layer (B) is about 1Z3 to 20Z1.
- Examples of solar cell elements include silicon-based materials such as single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon, and III-V and II-VI compound semiconductors such as gallium-arsenide, copper-indium-selenium, and cadmium-tellurium.
- silicon-based materials such as single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon
- III-V and II-VI compound semiconductors such as gallium-arsenide, copper-indium-selenium, and cadmium-tellurium.
- Various solar cell elements such as a system can be used.
- Examples of the upper protective material constituting the solar cell module include glass, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyester, and fluorine-containing resin.
- the lower protective material is a single or multilayer sheet such as metal or various thermoplastic resin films, for example, metals such as tin, aluminum and stainless steel, inorganic materials such as glass, polyester, inorganic vapor-deposited polyester, fluorine Examples of single layer or multi-layer protective materials such as coconut resin and polyolefin.
- Such upper and lower or lower protective materials can be subjected to a primer treatment in order to improve the adhesion to the sealing material.
- the solar cell encapsulant of the present invention exhibits good adhesion to these upper or lower protective materials.
- the solar cell encapsulant of the present invention is usually used in the form of a sheet.
- the three-layered sheet-shaped sealing material of the present invention can be prepared in advance.
- Make a sheet (or film) of each layer while applying pressure, Both can be laminated at the time of manufacturing the yule.
- These sheets (films) can be produced by a known molding method using a single-layer or multilayer ⁇ die extruder, calendar molding machine, or the like.
- additives such as silane coupling agents, UV absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, etc. that are added to the resin components as needed are dry blended in advance, and the hopper force of the ⁇ die extruder is supplied to the sheet.
- rosin composition can also be used.
- a multilayer sheet-like encapsulant is prepared in advance, or sheets (or films) constituting each layer are stacked and pressure-bonded at a temperature at which the encapsulant melts.
- a module having the configuration as described above can be formed by the same method as before.
- the sealing material It is not necessary to contain an organic peroxide in the mold, so that the sheet forming of the sealing material can be performed at high temperature and with high productivity, and the module formation does not need to undergo a crosslinking step for a short time at a high temperature. Can be completed.
- EVA Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (Butyl acetate content 25% by weight, melt flow (1 190.C, 2160g load) 2. OgZlO content)
- EMAA Ethylene 'methacrylic acid copolymer (methacrylic acid unit content 15% by weight, melt flow rate (190.C, 2160g load) 25gZlO min)
- EMA ethylene 'methyl acrylate copolymer (methyl acrylate unit content 30% by weight (12.2 mole 0/0), Mel Bok Furore one Bok (190.C, 2160 g load) 3. OgZlO min, melting point S K7121) 85 ° C)
- Ethylene 'methacrylic acid copolymer zinc (methacrylic acid unit content 15 wt%) Eye ionomer (neutralization degree: 23 mol 0/0, melt flow rate (190 ° C, 2160 g load) 5. Og / 10 Min)
- Amorphous PP composition A resin composition consisting of 85 parts by weight of amorphous propylene polymer and 15 parts by weight of crystalline polypropylene (trade name: Tough Selenium T3512, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- EPR Ethylene 'propylene copolymer (trade name: TAFMER P0275, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Mel Melt Flour (190.C, 2160g load) 2.5gZlO min)
- PBR Propylene 'Butene Copolymer (Product name: TAFMER XR110T, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Mel-Floret (190.C, 2160g load) 3.2gZlO min)
- Silane coupling agent N— ⁇ (aminoethyl) - ⁇ aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (trade name: ⁇ 603, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- Silane coupling agent ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (trade name: ⁇ 503, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- Organic peroxide 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (tert-butylperoxy) hexane (trade name: Lupazole 101, manufactured by Watofina Yoshitomi Corp.)
- UV absorber Tinuvin UV1164 (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
- Light stabilizer Tinuvin 622LD (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
- Antioxidant Ilganox 1010 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.
- the processing temperature was adjusted in the range of 110 to 180 ° C according to the melting point and fluidity of the polymer.
- the layer (A) shown in Table 1 is 0.4mm.
- Thickness sheet and (B) layer were prepared as 0.2 mm thick sheets and their physical properties were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. To all the sheets, 0.33 parts of tinuvin UV1164, 0.15 parts of Sanol LS 770, 0.15 parts of tinuvin 622LD, and 0.010 parts of irganox 1010 were added as weathering stabilizers.
- Examples 4 and 7 are 180 ° C). Bonding was performed under the condition of ° CX for 15 minutes.
- the HAZE and total light transmittance of the obtained laminate were measured based on JIS K7105 using a haze meter manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. The results are also shown in Table 2. In all cases, HAZE was 10% or less or the total light transmittance power was 0% or more and had good transparency.
- the adhesive strength was 25 NZ10 mm for sample No. 1, 30 N / 10 mm for sample No. 2, and 4 NZ10 mm for sample No. 3.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06728768.0A EP1863098B1 (en) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-03-08 | Sealing material for solar cell |
| US11/885,933 US8053086B2 (en) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-03-08 | Encapsulating material for solar cell |
| CN2006800075209A CN101138095B (zh) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-03-08 | 太阳能电池密封材料 |
| JP2007507143A JP4842923B2 (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-03-08 | 太陽電池封止材 |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005064268 | 2005-03-08 | ||
| JP2005064266 | 2005-03-08 | ||
| JP2005-064268 | 2005-03-08 | ||
| JP2005064267 | 2005-03-08 | ||
| JP2005-064266 | 2005-03-08 | ||
| JP2005-064267 | 2005-03-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006095762A1 true WO2006095762A1 (ja) | 2006-09-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2006/304449 Ceased WO2006095762A1 (ja) | 2005-03-08 | 2006-03-08 | 太陽電池封止材 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8053086B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1863098B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP4842923B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101138095B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006095762A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1863098A1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| CN101138095A (zh) | 2008-03-05 |
| US8053086B2 (en) | 2011-11-08 |
| US20090120489A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
| EP1863098B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
| CN101138095B (zh) | 2010-10-06 |
| JP4842923B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
| EP1863098A4 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| JP2011199296A (ja) | 2011-10-06 |
| JPWO2006095762A1 (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
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