WO2005095994A1 - 流体計測システム及び流体計測方法 - Google Patents
流体計測システム及び流体計測方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005095994A1 WO2005095994A1 PCT/JP2005/006384 JP2005006384W WO2005095994A1 WO 2005095994 A1 WO2005095994 A1 WO 2005095994A1 JP 2005006384 W JP2005006384 W JP 2005006384W WO 2005095994 A1 WO2005095994 A1 WO 2005095994A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/20—Analysis of motion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/001—Full-field flow measurement, e.g. determining flow velocity and direction in a whole region at the same time, flow visualisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P5/20—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using particles entrained by a fluid stream
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a long-range fluid measurement system and a fluid measurement method for analyzing a flow field of a distant fluid to be measured.
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 For example, as a system for observing smoke emitted from a chimney force of a power generation facility from a distance, the technologies disclosed in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 are known. These use multiple ITV cameras and color cameras, and use the parallax and color difference between each camera to detect the presence or absence of smoke emitted from the chimney force.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-63-88428
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-232198
- PIV particle image flow velocity measurement methods
- V particle image flow velocity measurement methods
- PI particle image flow velocity measurement methods
- V particle tracking method
- PI particle image flow velocity measurement methods
- PI particle image flow velocity measurement methods
- V particle tracking method
- a sheet of laser light is injected into the flow field of the fluid to be measured to form a laser sheet
- two-time particle images on the laser sheet are captured
- the luminance pattern distribution is compared to determine the flow velocity of the fluid.
- PIV is mainly used for fluid flow field analysis in closed spaces, such as flow field analysis of liquids such as water and oil, combustion flow field analysis, and flow field analysis by wind tunnel experiments around moving objects such as automobiles. It is only used for analysis.
- the conventional PIV has been developed for use in so-called laboratories with a distance to the fluid to be measured of about 1 meter! / Therefore, utilization at a practical level is desired.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and can detect the flow of a fluid to be measured such as flue gas from a chimney, steam, volcanic ash, and yellow sand, and can provide a new use of the PIV at a practical level. It is an object to provide a fluid measurement system and a fluid measurement method.
- the present inventors first focused on using a long focal length optical system.
- a plurality of particle images may be included in one pixel of the imaging means, but in this case, it is not possible to determine the movement amount of each particle image.
- the present inventor has focused on extracting a turbulent flow structure (a vortex or a cluster having a flow structural force similar to the vortex) of the fluid to be measured, and has completed the present invention.
- the image pickup means for picking up an image of particles contained in the fluid to be measured at minute time intervals is compared with the luminance pattern distribution at a plurality of consecutive times obtained by the image pickup means.
- a fluid measurement system comprising image processing means for measuring a moving direction and a moving amount of the particle group and analyzing a flow field of the fluid to be measured,
- the imaging means is a long-distance type that includes a long-focus optical system and can image a fluid to be measured that is separated by a long distance;
- a turbulence structure extracting means for extracting a turbulent structure of the fluid to be measured from the particle image obtained by the imaging means; and a moving direction and a moving amount of the extracted turbulent structure measured by the image processing means.
- a fluid measurement system characterized in that it is configured to analyze a flow field of a fluid to be measured.
- the turbulence structure extracting unit converts the image captured by the imaging unit into a spatial frequency component of luminance, and the converted frequency component force is not less than a predetermined value.
- the turbulence structure extracting means further comprises means for applying a window function to the image signal imaged by the imaging means. And a fluid measurement system.
- a Blackman window is used as the window function.
- a difference calculation unit that obtains a difference between the luminance pattern distributions at a plurality of consecutive times from a luminance pattern distribution at a plurality of consecutive times obtained by the imaging unit as a difference luminance pattern distribution
- the image processing means wherein the flow field of the fluid to be measured is analyzed by using a difference brightness pattern distribution at a plurality of consecutive times obtained by the difference calculation means. 2.
- a fluid measurement system according to item 1.
- the invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the imaging means is of a long-distance type capable of imaging a luminance pattern distribution due to natural light reflection in a fluid to be measured that has been separated by a long distance.
- a fluid measurement system is provided.
- the imaging means is a long-distance type capable of imaging a luminance pattern distribution due to reflection of a laser beam in a fluid to be measured separated by a long distance.
- the invention according to claim 8 is a long-distance type capable of imaging a fluid to be measured at a distance of 10 m or more and 20 km or less from the installation position of the imaging means, wherein A fluid metering system as described is provided.
- an image of particles contained in the fluid to be measured separated by a long distance is imaged at minute time intervals by an imaging unit having a long focal length optical system
- the turbulence structure of the fluid to be measured is extracted, and the moving direction and the movement of the extracted turbulence structure are extracted.
- a fluid measurement method characterized by analyzing a flow field of a fluid to be measured by measuring a momentum.
- the image taken by the imaging means is converted into a spatial frequency component of luminance, and a predetermined frequency or more is calculated from the converted frequency component.
- a filtering process is performed to leave the high frequency component, and the frequency component after the filtering process is converted into an image.
- the step of extracting the turbulent flow structure of the fluid to be measured further includes a step of detecting a window function in the image signal captured by the imaging unit.
- a fluid measurement method according to claim 10 is provided.
- the invention according to claim 13 is characterized in that a laser beam is injected into a fluid to be measured in a sheet shape, a luminance pattern distribution of the fluid to be measured is reflected by the laser light, and a flow field of the fluid to be measured is analyzed.
- the fluid measuring method according to any one of claims 9 to 12 is provided.
- the invention according to claim 14 is characterized in that a fluid to be measured at a distance of 10 m or more and 20 km or less from the installation position of the imaging means is imaged, and a flow field of the fluid to be measured is analyzed.
- the fluid measurement method according to any one of the first to third aspects is provided.
- the invention according to claim 15 is characterized in that, as the fluid to be measured, a flow field of smoke, volcanic ash, water vapor, yellow sand, clouds, pollen, or air which is separated from the installation position of the imaging means by 10 m or more and 20 km or less is characterized.
- a fluid measurement method according to any one of claims 9 to 14 is provided.
- a long-focal optical system and an image processing means for comparing and analyzing the captured particle images at two times are provided, it is possible to analyze the flow field of the fluid to be measured that is difficult to access.
- New applications at the practical level of the PIV system could be provided.
- a high-pass filter is used to leave a high-frequency component of the luminance signal power of the image higher than a predetermined value, the turbulence structure generated in the fluid to be measured can be extracted, and the strong turbulence can be extracted.
- a means for extracting a turbulent structure of the fluid to be measured when a plurality of particle images are included in one pixel of the imaging means, a moving direction and a moving amount of the extracted turbulent structure are determined. By measuring, the flow field of the fluid to be measured can be analyzed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a fluid measurement system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a computer of the fluid measurement system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing one mode of a fluid measuring method using the fluid measuring system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another aspect of the fluid measuring method using the fluid measuring system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining how to obtain a spatial frequency when performing filtering by a high-pass filter.
- FIG. 6 (a) is an original image for simulation when luminance information of scattered light from many particles is recorded in one pixel of the CCD camera.
- d) is an image obtained by simulating the case where the image was taken by the fluid measurement system.
- Fig. 7 is an original image of a parallel light source in which luminance information of a large number of particle forces is recorded in one pixel of a CCD camera, as in Fig. 6 (a).
- (D) are images simulated when photographed by the fluid measurement system.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an original image of flue gas as a fluid to be measured in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 9 is an image of a turbulent flow structure shown by performing an inverse transform on a result obtained by filtering with a no-pass filter in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state of a flow field of a fluid to be measured measured in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram of smoke emission under the same conditions as in Test Example 2.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an example of a difference calculating means.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram for explaining another example of the difference calculation means.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram for explaining still another example of the difference calculation means.
- FIG. 1 shows a fluid measurement system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, which is configured to include a CCD camera 2 having a long focal length optical system 3 as an imaging means, a computer 4, and the like.
- the long focus optical system 3 is attached to the CCD camera 2, and it is preferable to use a single focus system lens (hereinafter, referred to as “single lens”) as the long focus optical system 3.
- single lens hereinafter, referred to as “single lens”
- Using a turret also allows automatic selection of a single lens.
- a lens having a zoom function generally has a disadvantage in that the field curvature is large, but any lens having a high refractive index that can obtain a stable image can be used.
- a camera using a CCD image sensor CCD camera
- a camera including a CMOS image sensor can be used.
- any of a Newton type, a Cassegrain type, and the like can be used.
- a beam of light from a spider such as a cross
- the sub-mirror is supported on a parallel flat glass that is arranged so that each surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the primary mirror in the lens barrel. This is preferred. Since it is a parallel plate glass, reflection of light is reduced, and the appearance of a beam of light that becomes noise can be reduced.
- the computer 4 is connected to the CCD camera 2 and controls the drive of the CCD camera 2, and receives image signals captured by the CCD camera 2.
- image processing means 43 for performing predetermined processing.
- the control means 41 includes a focal length adjusting means 41a as a computer program for calculating an appropriate focal length f of the CCD camera 2, etc., and details thereof will be described later.
- the image capturing means 42 includes a frame grabber board for digitally converting an analog image signal from the CCD camera 2.
- the image processing means 43 analyzes an image frame, which is a digital image signal output from the frame grabber board, by the PIV method. It should be noted that a circuit for correcting image distortion and the like can be provided in a stage preceding the image processing means 43.
- the image processing means 43 regards the particle images at two consecutive times captured by the CCD camera 2 at a short time interval as a distribution of the luminance pattern, compares and analyzes the two particle images, and moves the particle group. Estimate the amount. That is, a value at a certain point in the particle image is defined as a luminance value, and a luminance value distributed in a predetermined region in the particle image is defined as a luminance pattern by a cross-correlation method or a luminance difference accumulation method. The similarity of the luminance pattern is obtained, and the moving amount and moving direction of the particle group on the pixel between the two images are obtained. Then, the actual flow velocity and flow direction of the fluid to be measured are obtained from the movement amount of the particle group on the pixel 'movement direction and the minute time interval At, and the flow field is analyzed.
- the moving distance of the particle group is about 0.5 to 10% of the total number of vertical or horizontal pixels (for example, when the total number of vertical (or horizontal) pixels is 1000 pixels, 5 to: LOO pixels). It is preferable that the area be within the area.
- the present invention aims to analyze the flow field of the fluid to be measured distant from the CCD camera 2 which is an imaging means at a long distance from the CCD camera 2. Whether or not the moving force of the particle group falls within the above range depends on the focal length f of the long focal length optical system 3 and also depends on the imaging time interval At at two times and the distance L to the fluid to be measured. Also depends.
- the focal length adjusting means 41a of the control means 41 is appropriately adjusted so that the moving distance force of the particle group in the two-time particle image obtained by the image processing means 43 falls within the above range.
- Set number of moving pixels (VX At) / D---(l)
- V is the provisional velocity of the fluid to be measured
- At is the imaging time interval between two consecutive times
- D is the size of the image reflected per pixel
- L is the position of the imaging device at installation distance to the fluid to be measured It is. const is a constant obtained from the experimental force, and is a value obtained by actually arranging the scale at the position of the fluid to be measured and measuring how many pixels the unit length (for example, 1 mm) of the scale corresponds to. It is. However, if L is about 20 m or more, it is not necessary to place a scale at a position that matches the value of L.A scale is placed at an arbitrary position of about 20 m or more, and the unit length corresponds to how many pixels To determine what to do.
- the size of the image reflected per pixel, D and the focal length f are regarded as a linearly proportional relationship, and an appropriate focal length f corresponding to the number of moving pixels falling within the above range is determined. Can be done.
- the reason that the size D of the image reflected per pixel and the focal length f can be regarded as linearly proportional is that the distance L to the fluid to be measured is long, and the focal length f should be adjusted in this way.
- an appropriate long focal length optical system 3 can be selected in a short processing time.
- the relationship between the image size D per pixel and the focal length f is non-linear. This can be dealt with by setting the non-linear table shown. However, by using a telecentric optical system, it is also possible to perform calculation assuming linear proportionality as in the above.
- the distance L to the fluid to be measured is obtained by measuring by a predetermined method, and the provisional velocity V of the fluid to be measured is determined.
- the long focal length optical system 3 having a focal length f corresponding to the provisional speed V is selected. That is, since an appropriate focal length f is calculated by calculation, it can be obtained simply and in a short processing time.However, an arbitrary long focal length optical system 3 is temporarily attached to the CCD camera 2, and the long focal length optical system The image of the fluid to be measured is measured at two times using the system 3, and the temporary flow field is analyzed by the image processing means 43, and whether the number of moving pixels of the obtained particle group falls within the above-described predetermined range. Depending on whether or not it is possible, a configuration may be adopted in which the long focal length optical system 3 having an appropriate focal length f is selected.
- the distance L Direct measurement using a distance meter or distance finder, or by obtaining the position information (longitude / latitude) of the installation position of CCD camera 2 from GPS and calculating the relationship with the position of the object (longitude / latitude) You can do it. Further, the position of the CCD camera 2 and the position of the object can be specified on a map, and the distance L between the two can be calculated.
- laser light can be applied to the fluid to be measured in the form of a sheet by using the laser light injection means 5, and an image can be taken with a CCD camera.
- the control means 41 of the computer 4 is provided with timing control means 41b for synchronizing the oscillation of the laser light by the laser light input means 5 with the driving of the CCD camera 2.
- the CCD camera 2 is set at a predetermined position.
- the distance L from the CCD camera 2 to the fluid to be measured is measured and input using a laser distance meter as described above (Sl).
- the flow velocity V (maximum flow velocity Vmax) of the fluid to be measured is input (S2).
- the flow velocity V is a provisional value for selecting the long focal length optical system 3 having an appropriate focal length f as described above, and may be any value. In order to make the working distance shorter than 0.5 to 10% of the total number of vertical or horizontal pixels as described above, enter the maximum flow velocity Vmax of the fluid to be measured. Is preferred.
- the maximum flow velocity Vmax for example, in the case of smoke that also emits force such as a chimney, a value that can be calculated based on the specification of a blower that sends out smoke can be used.
- the actual maximum flow velocity of the smoke discharged from the chimney etc. is lower than this calculated value due to the pressure loss in the chimney channel, etc., and usually does not exceed the calculated value.
- the specifications of the blower cannot be specified or when measuring volcanic ash, etc., input the maximum flow velocity Vmax referring to the empirical values.
- the focal length adjusting means calculates the focal length f corresponding to the above relational expressions (1) and (2). (S3).
- the imaging time interval At of the two-time particle image used in the calculation is preferably as short as possible to keep the number of moving pixels of the obtained particle group within the above range. Yes. Usually set in the range of lZ60s to lZ30s.
- the focal length f is determined in this way, the corresponding long focal length optical system 3 is selected (S4), and in the case of a single lens, for example, the turret is rotated and set on the CCD camera 2.
- the zoom mechanism is provided, the zoom is adjusted, and laser light is applied in a sheet form from the laser light input means 5 to capture particle images at two consecutive times. It should be noted that the image is taken by adjusting the flange back in accordance with the focal length f obtained by the focal length adjusting means 41a.
- Each of the captured images is converted into a digital signal by a frame grabber board as an image capturing means 42, and the image processing means 43 determines the amount of movement of the luminance pattern of each particle image and the moving direction of the fluid to be measured.
- the flow velocity, flow direction, etc. of the actual flow field are determined (S5).
- the point that the distance L to the fluid to be measured is input automatically or manually is the same as the above (S10), but the maximum flow velocity Vmax input in the next step is appropriately determined. Is determined as the initial value. Specifically, of the plurality of types of long focal length optical systems 3 prepared as those that can be set in the CCD camera 2, measurement is possible with the one with the shortest focal length f, for example, with a focal length of 50 mm The maximum flow velocity Vmax (for example, 30 mZs) is automatically entered (Sl l).
- a focal length f that satisfies the above relational expressions (1) and (2) is calculated using the distance to the fluid to be measured and the automatically inputted maximum flow velocity Vmax (S12). Then, the long focal length optical system 3 corresponding to the calculated focal length f is selected, set on the CCD camera 2 (S13), and the flow field is measured in the same manner as above (S14). In this embodiment, the analyzed force also calculates the maximum flow velocity Vmax (S15), and determines whether the moving distance between the two images is less than the detection limit, that is, whether the number of moving pixels is less than 1 pixel (S16). .
- the focal length f satisfying the relational expressions (1) and (2) is calculated again, and the above steps S12 to S16 are repeated again.
- the moving distance between the two images is about 0.5 to 10% of the total number of pixels in the vertical or horizontal direction of the image sensor (for example, It is checked whether the total number of vertical (or horizontal) pixels is 1000 pixels or not (5 to: LOO pixels) (S17). If these conditions are not satisfied, the process returns to step S12 using the maximum flow velocity Vmax obtained in step S15, and selects the long focal length optical system 3 again. If the condition is satisfied, the result is output and the measurement ends.
- one particle needs to extend over two or more pixels of the CCD image sensor, and more preferably, it is preferably captured over two to five pixels.
- the following turbulent structure extracting means is provided.
- the turbulence structure extracting means calculates the spatial frequency of the luminance of the image captured by the image capturing means 42, and performs a filtering process for leaving the calculated spatial frequency component power at a high frequency component higher than a predetermined value.
- each of the fluids to be measured can be made to reflect each particle reflected by natural light. It is possible to extract the turbulent structure generated in the fluid to be measured.
- the turbulent flow structure here is a vortex or a cluster that also has a flow structural force similar to the vortex.By capturing such a cluster, each turbulent structural force can be captured over two or more pixels of the SCCD image sensor.
- the analysis using the PIV method becomes possible. That is, in the present embodiment, the particle image used in the PIV method is an image having the turbulent structure.
- a spatial frequency component is obtained by performing a Fourier transform or the like on each image signal of the captured image, and the spatial frequency component is filtered by a high-pass filter.
- the spatial frequency f ′ when filtering with a high-pass filter is
- the spatial frequency f ' cannot be obtained directly from the force spatial wavelength L, which is the reciprocal of the spatial wavelength L, which is the scale of the smoke vortex discharged from the chimney force.
- the distance L 'between the centers of two consecutive vortices can be obtained by the following equation.
- the force at which f 'obtained by Eq. (6) becomes the spatial frequency used during filtering is not limited to the value obtained by Eq. (6).
- the value can be determined within the range of 1Z3 times to 5 times the value of f 'obtained, and the above equation (3) becomes the condition for determining the spatial frequency f'.
- the spatial frequency f ′ becomes close to the original image, the turbulence structure cannot be identified, and a large value is used. Is not preferable because the turbulence structure itself is also removed.
- the turbulence structure extracting means has a means for applying a Blackman window as preprocessing before performing Fourier transform on each image signal of the captured image.
- a Blackman window is a window function having cosine waves with different periods, and is characterized by a very small sidelobe 'level (for example, "Image Analysis Notebook: Mikio Takagi, Supervised by Hirohisa Shimoda: Tokyo University Press ”).
- the present inventors have proposed a configuration in which the main mirror of the optical telescope 3 constituting the long focal-length optical system 3 is provided with a shield for shielding a portion including the central portion thereof at an arbitrary shielding rate, and the tracer particles are imaged.
- the force of finding that the outline of one particle image is maintained in a prominent state, that is, the image is enlarged while being focused instead of being blurred.This is the effect of multiple particles in one pixel.
- the following simulation test was used to confirm whether or not this is true even when capturing the turbulent structure including the turbulent flow structure.
- Fig. 6 (a) shows a simulation in which luminance information of scattered light from a large number of particles is recorded in one pixel of the CCD camera 2 imaged using the optical telescope from a distance of 20m.
- 6 (b) to 6 (d) are images obtained by simulating a case where the fluid measurement system 1 is used to change the shielding ratio (central shielding ratio) by the shielding body and photograph.
- the shielding ratio central shielding ratio
- Fig. 7 (a) is an original image of a parallel light source in which luminance information of a large number of particle forces is recorded in one pixel of the CCD camera 2, as in Fig. 6 (a).
- Fig. 7 (b) shows the case where the central shielding factor is 0%
- Figures 6 (c) and 7 (c) show the case where the central shielding factor is 35%
- Fig. 6 (d) and Fig. 7 (d) show the case where the central shielding ratio is 50%, respectively.
- FIG. 7 (e) is a simulation image when a long focal length optical system having a diameter of 70 mm is used and the central shielding ratio is 0%.
- the shielding rate of the shield is preferably as low as possible.
- the preferred shielding factor is 0-40%, more preferably 0-20%, and most preferably 0%.
- FIG. 7 (b) and FIG. 7 (e) the image becomes clearer as the aperture of the long focal length optical system increases.
- Makstov Cassegrain Optical Telescope (ORION OPTICS, product name "OMI-140” (140 mm diameter, 2,000 mm focal length))
- the focal length was adjusted to 1,260 mm using a reducer. Although no special shielding was provided on the front of the primary mirror, the intrinsic central shielding rate of the above-mentioned Makstov's Cassegrain optical telescope was 33%.
- the representative length D in the above equation used to determine the filtering frequency f ' is 10 m for the diameter of the discharge port at the tip of the chimney, and the Strouhal number St is a general value in flow analysis.
- FIG. 8 shows an original image of flue gas that is the fluid to be measured in this test example.
- Fig. 9 is an image of the turbulent flow structure shown by inversely transforming the result filtered by the high-pass filter. From FIG. 9, it is clear that the turbulence structure has been extracted by performing the filtering process using the no-pass filter.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the state of the flow field of the fluid to be measured as a vector using the images at two times obtained as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 10, by the method of this test example, it was possible to capture the moving amount and moving direction of the flue gas with sufficient luminance.
- a feature of the case where the image is taken outdoors is that the image taken by the CCD camera 2 includes Unnecessary backgrounds (mountains, buildings, etc.) are reflected. Therefore, in this case, it is preferable to set a difference calculation unit as a pre-processing unit before processing by the image processing unit.
- the difference calculation means captures a set of two consecutive images at a time interval of Atl, and sets two consecutive images at a time interval of Atl again after At2 time.
- the image pickup is repeatedly performed, and a plurality of sets of images at two times at the time interval of Atl are captured.
- a difference between images at two consecutive times in each set is calculated.
- the same image signal on the same pixel is canceled. That is, the image signal of the stationary background shown in the two images is canceled, and as a result, only the image of the moved turbulent structure remains.
- the image obtained by the difference calculation means in this way is used as a difference brightness pattern distribution, and two difference brightness pattern distribution images separated by At2 time are obtained, which are processed by the image processing means 43. Accordingly, the background image signal does not interfere with the image processing, and the accuracy of the flow field analysis of the fluid to be measured is improved.
- the difference calculation means captures a plurality of sets of images at three consecutive times at At time intervals, obtains a center difference in each set, and calculates the center difference as the center difference. Means using the obtained difference luminance pattern distribution image may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, means for successively capturing images at a plurality of times at the At time interval and sequentially obtaining a difference luminance pattern distribution image between the images at the two successive times. Adopting a
- the depth of field is deep even if the CCD camera 2 is in focus. For this reason, the accuracy in reproducing the velocity vector of the turbulent flow structure on the two-dimensional coordinates is inferior to the case where the fluid to be measured at a short distance of about lm is imaged. Therefore, in order to obtain a more accurate two-dimensional velocity vector, it is preferable to prepare three CCD cameras 2 and use means for imaging the same fluid to be measured from three directions.
- two other CCD cameras are installed at positions left and right at predetermined angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 apart from the line connecting the center CCD camera and the fluid to be measured.
- the image processing means 43 processes the image in which each camera power is also obtained, and obtains a velocity vector.
- velocity vectors obtained by processing the images obtained by the left and right CCD cameras using the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 and the distances to the left and right CCD camera forces and the fluid to be measured are calculated as follows: The coordinates are converted into velocity vectors obtained when the image is captured at the position of the central CCD camera. Then, the coordinate-transformed velocity vectors of the left and right images are compared with the velocity vectors of the images captured by the central CCD camera, and only the velocity vectors of the overlapping turbulence structure are extracted. As a result, a more accurate two-dimensional velocity vector can be obtained even when the depth of field is deep.
- the present invention analyzes the flow field of a distant fluid to be measured, which is difficult to access, by imaging using a long focal length optical system and processing the obtained image using the PIV method.
- a large-scale fire site can analyze the flow field of generated smoke and contribute to its countermeasures and evacuation guidance.
- the fluid measurement system of the present invention can be mounted on a vehicle and the flow field can be analyzed while moving, thus real-time monitoring of the occurrence of disasters It is also useful for understanding and effective disaster countermeasures.
- the distance from the long-focal optical system to the fluid to be measured also depends on the accuracy of the long-focal optical system and the imaging device used, and is not particularly limited. In consideration of this, it is practically preferable to use it at a distance of 10 m or more and 20 km or less.
- the present invention extracts a turbulent flow structure and obtains a velocity vector of the turbulent flow structure, and is particularly suitable for an ultra-long distance of 1 km or more and 20 km or less.
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006511827A JP4548417B2 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム及び流体計測方法 |
| US10/594,761 US7853065B2 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Fluid measuring system and fluid measuring method |
| EP05728028A EP1736782A4 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | FLUID MEASURING SYSTEM AND FLUID MEASUREMENT PROCESS |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004102162 | 2004-03-31 | ||
| JP2004-102162 | 2004-03-31 | ||
| JP2004-203988 | 2004-07-09 | ||
| JP2004203988 | 2004-07-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2005095994A1 true WO2005095994A1 (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
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Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/006380 Ceased WO2005095993A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム、流体計測方法及びコンピュータプログラム |
| PCT/JP2005/006384 Ceased WO2005095994A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム及び流体計測方法 |
| PCT/JP2005/006385 Ceased WO2005095995A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム及び長焦点光学系 |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/006380 Ceased WO2005095993A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム、流体計測方法及びコンピュータプログラム |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/006385 Ceased WO2005095995A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | 流体計測システム及び長焦点光学系 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7853065B2 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP1736783A4 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP4706978B2 (ja) |
| WO (3) | WO2005095993A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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| JP2014191376A (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-06 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 煙検出装置および煙検出方法 |
| CN105891539A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-08-24 | 北京理工大学 | 基于piv通气空穴内部流场测量的粒子播撒装置 |
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| EP1947430A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-07-23 | The Tokyo Electric Power Company Incorporated | Vibration measuring system, vibration measuring method, and computer program |
| JP4916280B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-17 | 2012-04-11 | 国立大学法人 宮崎大学 | 自動キャリブレーション装置、及びキャリブレーション方法 |
| DE102006043445A1 (de) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-27 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur dreidimensionalen Strömungsmessung |
| JP4807626B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-01 | 2011-11-02 | 東京電力株式会社 | 画像解析システム及びコンピュータプログラム |
| JP4574657B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-21 | 2010-11-04 | 株式会社イメージワン | 水流の測定方法及び装置 |
| JP2009210490A (ja) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 画像解析システム及びコンピュータプログラム |
| JP5287385B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-13 | 2013-09-11 | オムロン株式会社 | 計測装置 |
| DE112010002857T8 (de) * | 2009-07-08 | 2013-02-07 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Teilchenbildgeschwindigkeitsmessungsverfahren, Teilchenbildgeschwindigkeitsmessungsverfahren für einen dreidimensionalen Raum, Teilchenbildgeschwindigkeitsmessungssystem und Tracerteilchen-Erzeugungsvorrichtung in einem Teilchenbildgeschwindigkeitsmessungssystem |
| DE102009044983A1 (de) | 2009-09-24 | 2011-03-31 | Carl Zeiss Microimaging Gmbh | Mikroskop |
| US8320630B2 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-11-27 | The Boeing Company | Measuring turbulence and winds aloft using solar and lunar observable features |
| US8391552B1 (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2013-03-05 | U.S. Department Of Energy | Method of particle trajectory recognition in particle flows of high particle concentration using a candidate trajectory tree process with variable search areas |
| JP6241585B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-13 | 2017-12-06 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 表示システム、表示方法及び制御プログラム |
| KR101382625B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-10 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | 대상체의 동적 변화 산출 장치 및 방법 |
| JP6459321B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-05 | 2019-01-30 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 流速計測方法 |
| DK3018483T3 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2018-11-12 | Photrack Ag | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING THE SPEED AND LEVEL OF A MOVING FLUID SURFACE |
| CN104764609A (zh) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-08 | 西北工业大学 | 一种航空发动机主燃烧室的综合光学测量平台 |
| JP6718646B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-15 | 2020-07-08 | ホーチキ株式会社 | 火災検知装置及び火災検知方法 |
| CN106405145B (zh) * | 2016-09-14 | 2022-12-23 | 昆明理工大学 | 测量粗颗粒固体物自由沉降速度的装置和方法 |
| CN106596336B (zh) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-09-19 | 东北石油大学 | 黏弹性聚合物在多孔介质中弹性湍流特性测定装置及方法 |
| CN106600623A (zh) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-04-26 | 上海海洋大学 | 一种基于硫化锌的鼓风式冷却系统流场可视化方法 |
| CN107091796A (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-25 | 中央民族大学 | 一种测量管流中跨粒径尺度颗粒级配及其分布的光学系统 |
| WO2019142446A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 作業端末、漏油検出装置、及び、漏油検出方法 |
| JP6989444B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-18 | 2022-01-05 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 作業端末、漏油検出装置、及び、漏油検出方法 |
| WO2019158222A1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-22 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Methods and user devices for determining wind speed |
| CA3118915A1 (en) | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | Amgen Inc. | Sheet lighting for particle detection in drug product containers |
| CN110579627B (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2024-11-22 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种具有自动校准装置的piv实验装置的使用方法 |
| US12019091B2 (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-06-25 | Taikisha Ltd. | Airflow detection apparatus, airflow detection method, and airflow detection program |
| EP4065750B1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2023-10-25 | BASF Coatings GmbH | Assessing a flow of a sprayed coating |
| CN114235340B (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2023-11-10 | 重庆交通大学 | 河道泡漩结构跟踪方法及通航预警方法 |
| CN113654921B (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-05-07 | 西南石油大学 | 一种锥形板可变体积湍流减阻评价装置及方法 |
| CN119716136A (zh) * | 2024-12-11 | 2025-03-28 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种基于全局注意力机制优化的多尺度Res2RAFT粒子图像测速方法 |
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| JP2003084005A (ja) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-19 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 流体の流動計測システムおよびその計測方法 |
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2005
- 2005-03-31 US US10/594,761 patent/US7853065B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 WO PCT/JP2005/006380 patent/WO2005095993A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-31 WO PCT/JP2005/006384 patent/WO2005095994A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-31 JP JP2006511826A patent/JP4706978B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 US US10/594,633 patent/US7826653B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 WO PCT/JP2005/006385 patent/WO2005095995A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-03-31 JP JP2006511828A patent/JP4215102B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 JP JP2006511827A patent/JP4548417B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-31 EP EP05728029A patent/EP1736783A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-31 EP EP05728028A patent/EP1736782A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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| JPH0666823A (ja) * | 1992-08-19 | 1994-03-11 | Toshiba Corp | 微粒子の挙動計測装置 |
| JPH075188A (ja) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-01-10 | Anritsu Corp | 流速計測装置 |
| JP2003084005A (ja) * | 2001-09-14 | 2003-03-19 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 流体の流動計測システムおよびその計測方法 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014191376A (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-06 | Nohmi Bosai Ltd | 煙検出装置および煙検出方法 |
| CN105891539A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-08-24 | 北京理工大学 | 基于piv通气空穴内部流场测量的粒子播撒装置 |
| CN105891539B (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2019-05-17 | 北京理工大学 | 基于piv通气空穴内部流场测量的粒子播撒装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4706978B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
| EP1736783A4 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| JPWO2005095993A1 (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
| WO2005095995A1 (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
| US7826653B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 |
| US20070268602A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
| US20070272007A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| EP1736782A4 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| JPWO2005095995A1 (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
| WO2005095993A1 (ja) | 2005-10-13 |
| JPWO2005095994A1 (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
| JP4215102B2 (ja) | 2009-01-28 |
| US7853065B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
| JP4548417B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
| EP1736782A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| EP1736783A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
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