WO2004030126A1 - リチウム二次電池用正極材料およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用正極材料およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004030126A1 WO2004030126A1 PCT/JP2003/007223 JP0307223W WO2004030126A1 WO 2004030126 A1 WO2004030126 A1 WO 2004030126A1 JP 0307223 W JP0307223 W JP 0307223W WO 2004030126 A1 WO2004030126 A1 WO 2004030126A1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lithium ion secondary battery, and particularly to a positive electrode material excellent in high capacity and high cycle characteristics under use at a high voltage, and a method for producing the same.
- the positive electrode material of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries L i C oO L i N I_rei_2, L i Mn2 0 4 are the used like, especially L i C o O Masono safety, such as capacitance It is used a lot from the side.
- L i C o O Masono safety such as capacitance It is used a lot from the side.
- lithium in the crystal lattice becomes lithium ion and escapes to the electrolyte as the battery is charged, and lithium ions are reversibly inserted from the electrolyte into the crystal lattice as the battery is discharged. It has a function as a positive electrode active material.
- one lithium can be inserted into and removed from one Li Co2 lattice.
- the LiC ⁇ 2 deteriorates significantly, causing particularly large damage to the cyclability. Therefore, at present, only about 0.55 lithium ions are deinserted / inserted into iC0O2.At this time, the capacity of about 15 OmAh is obtained by lg LiC0O2. Only used.
- the capacity is expected to increase due to the insertion and removal of a larger amount of lithium ions.
- the lithium ions are inserted and removed more than the current state, the phase transition of the LiCo ⁇ 2 crystal lattice and the accompanying particles and crystals Due to the damage of the lattice or the elution of cobalt ion from the crystal lattice, there was a problem that LiCoO "severe degradation occurred and sufficient cyclability could not be secured.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode active material for a high-voltage lithium ion secondary battery that is excellent in preventing deterioration against high voltage, high in capacity, high in safety, and excellent in cycle durability. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that a plurality of specific metal elements in a specific amount are contained in a particulate positive electrode active material mainly composed of lithium cobalt oxide for a lithium secondary battery. It has been found that by adding at the same time, or by adding more fluorine at the same time, it has good cycling characteristics even in a high-voltage region conventionally referred to as overcharging.
- the high voltage means a voltage having a charging voltage of 4.4 V or more based on a lithium electrode. Further, as a specific charging voltage, 4.5 V is exemplified. At this time, a capacity of about 185 to 19 OmAh can be used for the LG LiC0O2, which desorbs about 0.7 lithium in one LiC0O2. It is equivalent to doing.
- the mechanism why good cycle characteristics are developed in the high voltage region is not always clear, but specific metal elements are added simultaneously and they are present on the particle surface or partially present. Under the high voltage condition where most of the lithium ions are pulled out by solid solution, these metal elements act as pillars of the crystal lattice, alleviating the crystal lattice distortion due to phase transition and expansion and contraction, and degrading It is thought that it suppresses. At the same time, it would reduce the chances of cobalt atoms coming into direct contact with the electrolyte and eliminate the overcharged state that occurs locally on the particles, thus reducing degradation.
- the positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery of the present invention has the general formula: L i ,, CobA cBaOeF f (A is A 1 or Mg, B is group 4 transition element, 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ l.10, 0.97 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.00, 0.000 1 ⁇ c ⁇ 0. 03, 0.000 1 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.03, 1.98 ⁇ e ⁇ 2.02, 0 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.02, 0.0001 ⁇ c + d ⁇ 0.03) Particulate positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary batteries And that the elements A, B and fluorine are uniformly present near the surface of the particles.
- uniformly present means not only the case where the above-mentioned elements are substantially uniformly present near the particle surface, but also the case where the amounts of the above-mentioned elements between particles are substantially equal. It is only necessary that at least one of them is satisfied, and it is particularly preferable that both of them are satisfied. That is, it is particularly preferable that the abundances of the above-mentioned elements between particles are substantially equal, and the above-mentioned elements are uniformly present on the surface of one particle.
- At least a part of the element represented by A or B contained in the particulate positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery is a solid solution in which cobalt atoms of the particles are replaced.
- the preferred atomic ratio between element A and element B is 0.33 ⁇ c / d ⁇ 3.00 and 0.002c + d ⁇ 0.02.
- element A is aluminum or magnesium
- element B is selected from group 4 transition elements, but element A is preferably magnesium. If element A is magnesium, magnesium is considered to primarily replace the lithium site. Also, the element B is preferably zirconium.
- the present invention provides a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery, wherein a high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction spectrum using Cu-K rays does not show a diffraction peak at 2 28 ⁇ 1 °. I will provide a.
- the high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction spectrum means a diffraction spectrum obtained when the X-ray tube has an acceleration voltage of 50 KV and an acceleration current of 250 mA.
- the normal X-ray diffraction spectrum is about 40 KV—acceleration current of about 40 mA.
- the solid solution amount of element B can be observed from the diffraction spectrum intensity of the single oxide of element B.
- Element B replaces the cobalt site and forms a solid solution.
- the amount of the solid solution is preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 75% or more.
- the present inventors have found that battery performance is improved when the amount of element B as a single oxide is small. Therefore, in the present invention, the abundance of a single oxide of element B
- a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery which is not more than 20%.
- the content of the single oxide of the element B is more than 20%, the effect of improving the charge / discharge cycle durability at a high voltage is undesirably reduced.
- the content of the single oxide of the element B is particularly preferably 10% or less.
- the present inventors have particularly selected zirconium as the element B, selected magnesium as the element A, and produced a cathode material having a specific structure obtained by coexisting them and manufacturing by a specific method. And improved charge / discharge cycle durability.
- the specific structure means that it is important that the added zirconium does not exist as a single oxide on the surface of the lithium cobaltate particles.
- Specific atomic ratio (0.3
- the present invention provides the above-mentioned particulate positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery, wherein the secondary particles are formed by agglomeration of 10 or more primary particles to form secondary particles. It is characterized by being 2 to 20 ⁇ .
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the cathode active material powder obtained in Example 2
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the cathode active material powder obtained in Example 10.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the positive electrode active material powder obtained in Comparative Example 4.
- 6 is a graph showing a torque.
- the particulate positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery of the present invention has the general formula: LiC ⁇ bABdO.
- a is 0.90 to: 1.10, b is 0.97 to; 1.00, c is 0.0001 to 0.03, and d is 0.0001 to 0.03, e Is 1.98 to 2.02, f is 0 to 0.02, and c + d force ⁇ 0.0001 to 0.
- the element A is preferably A1 or Mg, and the element B is preferably at least one element belonging to group IV of the periodic table.
- group IV element in the periodic table include Ti, Zr, and Hf.
- the positive electrode active material of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is preferably in the form of spherical particles, and has an average particle diameter of preferably 2 to 20 / m, and particularly preferably 3 to 15. ,.
- the positive electrode active material is preferably a particle in which 10 or more primary particles of fine particles are aggregated to form a secondary particle, whereby the packing density of the active material in the electrode layer can be improved. At the same time, large current charge / discharge characteristics can be improved.
- the element A, B or F needs to be present substantially uniformly on the particle surface. In other words, it is necessary that the element A, B or F is not substantially present inside the particle. In such a case, since the element A, B or F exists on the surface of the positive electrode active material, the effect can be exhibited by adding a small amount. When present inside, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- the effect of the present invention that is, when the element A, B or fluorine atom is added to the inside of the particle in order to exhibit high capacity and high cycle characteristics under high voltage use as a positive electrode active material, a large amount of addition is required. It costs.
- the elements A and B are preferably present within 100 nm, particularly preferably within 30 nm, from the particle surface.
- some of the elements A and B present on the particle surface of the positive electrode active material are solid solutions in which cobalt atoms inside the particles are substituted. Further, it is preferable that a solid solution in which part of the fluorine atoms is replaced by oxygen atoms inside the particles.
- the atomic ratio of element A atom and element B atom contained in the particulate positive electrode active material of the present invention to covanolate atom (13 / (1/1)) needs to be 0.0001 to 0.02, respectively. In addition, they must be added simultaneously, and the total amount of element A and element B atoms and the atomic ratio of cobalt atoms ((c + d) / b) must be 0.0001 to 0.02. It has been found.
- the atomic ratio of the element A and the atomic ratio of the element B are each smaller than 0001, it is not preferable because the effect of improving the high cycle property is reduced.
- the atomic ratio of the total amount of the element A atoms and the element B atoms exceeds 0.02, the initial capacity is remarkably reduced, which is not preferable.
- the atomic ratio between fluorine atoms and cobalt atoms is preferably from 0.0001 to 0.02, more preferably from 0.0005 to 0.008, in order to improve safety and cycle characteristics. If the atomic ratio of fluorine atoms exceeds this value, the discharge capacity will decrease significantly, which is not desirable.
- the particulate positive electrode active material of the present invention preferably has a press density of 2.7 to 3.3 g / cm 3 .
- the press density is less than 2.7 gZ cm : ', the initial volumetric capacity density of the positive electrode when a positive electrode sheet is formed using the particulate positive electrode active material is low, and conversely 3.3 g_cm If it is larger than : ⁇ , it is not preferable because the initial weight capacity density of the positive electrode decreases and the high-rate discharge characteristics decrease.
- the press density of the particulate positive electrode active material is preferably 2.9 to 3.2 gZcm :( You.
- the press density since the press density can be increased, it is preferable to use, as the cobalt raw material, an approximately spherical cobalt oxyhydroxide in which a large number of primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles.
- the press density means a value obtained from the volume and the powder weight when the powder is pressed at a pressure of 0.32 t / cm 2 .
- the specific surface area of the particulate positive electrode active material of the present invention is from 0.2 to 1 111 is preferably 2 ⁇ . Specific surface area 0. If 2 m 2 Roh g less than the discharge capacity per initial unit weight is decreased, even when more than lm 2 / g Conversely, discharge capacity per initial unit volume is reduced However, an excellent positive electrode active material for the purpose of the present invention cannot be obtained. Among them, the specific surface area is preferably from 0.3 to 0.7 m 2 Z g.
- the method for producing the particulate positive electrode active material of the present invention is not necessarily limited, and can be produced by a known method.
- cobalt raw material cobalt hydroxide, cobalt tetroxide, cobalt oxyhydroxide, and among them, oxycobalt hydroxide and cobalt hydroxide are preferable because of their high battery performance.
- a cobalt raw material a battery composed of particles in which 10 or more primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles and having a high cobalt raw material containing at least either cobalt oxyhydroxide or cobalt hydroxide is used. It is preferable because performance is obtained.
- the raw materials for the elements A and B include oxides, hydroxides, chlorides, nitrates, organic acid salts, oxyhydroxides, fluorides, and especially hydroxides and fluorides because of their high battery performance. preferable.
- As the lithium raw material lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide are preferable.
- As the fluorine raw material lithium fluoride, aluminum fluoride or magnesium fluoride is preferable.
- a mixture of each of these raw materials preferably at least one element selected from element A or B-containing oxides, element A or B-containing hydroxides, lithium fluoride, cobalt hydroxide, oxycobalt hydroxide or oxide
- a mixture of cobalt and lithium carbonate is placed under an oxygen-containing atmosphere at 600 to 150 ° C., preferably 850 to 100 ° C., preferably for 4 to 48 hours, especially It is manufactured by firing for 8 to 20 hours to convert it into a composite oxide.
- the fluoride containing element A or B is used instead of the compound containing element A or B and lithium fluoride, good battery performance is obtained. can get.
- the oxygen-containing atmosphere preferably has an oxygen concentration of 10 volumes. It is preferable to use an oxygen-containing atmosphere containing at least / 0 , particularly at least 40% by volume.
- Such a composite oxide can satisfy the present invention described above by changing the type, mixture composition, and firing conditions of each raw material.
- preliminary firing can be performed for the above firing.
- the pre-firing is suitably performed in an oxidizing atmosphere, preferably at 450 to 550 ° C, preferably for 4 to 20 hours.
- a positive electrode active material of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-mentioned method.
- a positive electrode active material is synthesized using metal fluorides, oxides, oxides or hydroxides as raw materials, and further, fluorine gas, It can also be produced by surface treatment with a fluorinating agent such as NF :, HF.
- Formula described above is an object of the present invention,.
- L i C o bA r B d O.
- F f (A is A 1 or Mg, B is group 4 transition element, 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.10, 0.97 ⁇ b ⁇ l. O 0, 0.000 1 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.03, O.0 O 01 ⁇ d ⁇ O.
- the present invention relates to a method in which the primary particle is A raw material comprising at least 10 particles of agglomerates to form secondary particles and containing at least either cobalt oxyhydroxide or cobalt hydroxide, lithium carbonate, and the above-mentioned elements A and B And a method for producing a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery, characterized by mixing and baking.
- the method for obtaining a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery from the particulate positive electrode active material of the present invention can be carried out according to a conventional method.
- a positive electrode mixture is formed by mixing a carbon-based conductive material such as acetylene black, graphite, Ketjen black, and a binder with the powder of the positive electrode active material of the present invention.
- a binder polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyamide, canoleboxymethylsenorellose, atarinole resin and the like are used.
- a slurry in which the above positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a dispersion medium such as N-methylpyrrolidone is coated on a positive electrode current collector such as an aluminum foil, dried and press-rolled to form a positive electrode active material layer on the positive electrode current collector.
- the solvent of the electrolyte solution is preferably a carbonate ester.
- Carbonate can be either cyclic or chain.
- the cyclic carbonate include propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate (EC).
- the chain carbonate include dimethyl carbonate, getyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, and the like.
- the above carbonate esters may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may mix and use with another solvent. Also, depending on the material of the negative electrode active material, the combined use of a chain carbonate and a cyclic carbonate may improve the discharge characteristics, cycle durability, and charge / discharge efficiency.
- a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer for example, Kynar manufactured by Atochem Co., Ltd.
- a vinylidene fluoride-perfluoropropylvinyl ether copolymer are added to these organic solvents, and the following solutes are added. It may be used as an electrolyte.
- the solute of the electrolyte solution C 1 ⁇ 4 —, C FS 0:,-, BF-, PF ,; —, As F «—, S b F,; —, C F.CO,-, (CF : i
- the above-mentioned electrolyte solution or polymer electrolyte is prepared by mixing an electrolyte made of a lithium salt with the solvent or the solvent-containing polymer. At the same time, it is preferable to add at a concentration of 0.2 to 2. Omo1 / L. If it deviates from this range, the ionic conductivity decreases, and the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte decreases. 5 to 1.5mo1 / L is selected Porous polyethylene or porous polypropylene film is used for the separator.
- the negative electrode active material of the lithium battery using the positive electrode active material of the present invention for the positive electrode is a material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions.
- the material forming the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include lithium metal, lithium alloy, carbon material, oxides mainly composed of Group 14 and Group 15 metals, carbon compounds, silicon carbide compounds, silicon oxide. Compounds, titanium sulfide, boron carbide compounds, and the like.
- As the carbon material those obtained by thermally decomposing organic substances under various pyrolysis conditions, artificial graphite, natural graphite, soil graphite, expanded graphite, flaky graphite and the like can be used.
- As the oxide a compound mainly composed of tin oxide can be used. Copper foil, nickel foil, etc. are used as the negative electrode current collector.
- Sheet type so-called film type
- foldable type rolled cylindrical type with bottom
- button type etc. are selected according to the application.
- Cooxy oxyhydroxide powder having a particle diameter of 10.2 m, lithium carbonate powder, aluminum hydroxide powder, and zirconium oxide A predetermined amount of the powder was mixed. After dry mixing these four kinds of powders, they were baked at 950 ° C. for 14 hours in the air. The powder after calcination was wet-dissolved, and the content of konok oleto, aluminum, zirconium and lithium was measured by ICP and atomic absorption spectroscopy. As a result, the composition of the powder was LiCo o. A1 o. U5 Z r u.o
- the specific surface area of the fired powder (positive electrode active material powder) determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.37 m 2 / g, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering particle size distribution system was: 11.8
- XPS analysis of the surface of the powder after calcination a strong signal of A12P caused by aluminum and a strong signal of Zr3P caused by zirconium were detected.
- LiCo "A1Zr ... powder, acetylene black and polytetrafluoroethylene powder were mixed at a weight ratio of 80 / 16-4, and toluene was added. While kneading and drying, a positive electrode plate having a thickness of 150 Atm was produced.
- a 20- ⁇ m-thick aluminum foil is used as the positive electrode current collector, a 25-zm-thick porous polypropylene is used for the separator, a 500-m-thick lithium metal foil is used for the negative electrode, and nickel is used for the negative electrode current collector.
- a 20 m foil was used, and a simple closed cell made of stainless steel was set up in an argon glove box using lML i PF (i / EC + DEC (1: 1)) as an electrolyte.
- the battery was first charged at 25 ° C to 4.5 V with a load current of 1 mA of the positive electrode active material and 75 mA, and discharged to 2.75 V with a load current of 75 mA per 1 g of the positive electrode active material. To determine the initial discharge capacity. In addition, 50 charge / discharge cycle tests were performed.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C is
- Another similar battery was fabricated. This battery is charged at 4.3 V for 10 hours, disassembled in an argon glove box, the charged positive electrode sheet is taken out, the positive electrode sheet is washed, punched out to a diameter of 3 mm, and an electronic capsule with EC Then, the temperature was increased at a rate of 5 ° C / min using a scanning differential calorimeter, and the exothermic onset temperature was measured. As a result, the heat generation starting temperature of the 4.3 V charged product was 166 ° C.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that magnesium hydroxide was used instead of aluminum hydroxide, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was LiCoaaMG . ⁇ 5 ⁇ r. , 15 0 2 der ivy.
- the specific surface area of the fired powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.321 1 ⁇ 8
- the average particle diameter D 50 obtained by a laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 12.5 ⁇ m. Magnesium and zirconium were present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and a discharge rate of 0.5 C was 19 2. OmAh, and the average voltage was 4.009 V.
- the capacity retention after 50 charge / discharge cycles was 92.0%.
- the specific surface area of the powder after calcination determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.34 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.8 ⁇ .
- Aluminum, zirconium and fluorine were present on the surface.
- the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5V, and discharge rate 0.5C is
- the average particle diameter D50 of 50 or more primary particles aggregated to form secondary particles is 10.
- a positive electrode active material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a predetermined amount of 7 m of oxycobalt hydroxide powder, lithium carbonate powder, magnesium hydroxide powder, zirconium oxide powder, and lithium fluoride powder were mixed. They were synthesized and subjected to composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test. As a result, the composition is Li Co. "Mg ... 5 Zr ... 5 0 then F.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.35 m 2 Zg, and the average particle diameter D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.7 ⁇ m. Magnesium and zirconium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C was 189. ImAhZg, and the average voltage was 4.011 V.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that hafnium oxide powder was used instead of zirconium oxide, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was Li Coa. 9 A1. . I have been made in the on sH f ⁇ . ⁇ 5 0 2 .
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.39 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.2 ⁇ m. Aluminum and hafnium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C is It was 190.4 mAhZg, and the average voltage was 4.029V.
- the capacity retention after 50 charge / discharge cycles was 88.0%.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5 except that magnesium hydroxide was used instead of aluminum hydroxide, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition L i C o 0. 99 Mg 0 .. . 5 H f U UU5 ⁇ .
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.41 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.4 ⁇ . Magnesium and hafnium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- Example 1 except that titanium oxide powder was used instead of zirconium oxide
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in 1, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, Itoi is Li Co. . >>'.> A 1. ⁇ . ⁇ 5 ⁇ i. ⁇ 5 0 it was 2.
- the specific surface area determined by a nitrogen adsorption method of the powder after calcination is 0. 4 1 m 2 Zg, average particle diameter D 50 was determined by a laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer 1 2. ivy der 1 mu m . Aluminum and titanium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 7, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was L i C o 0. uu Mg ⁇ . ⁇ 5 ⁇ i o. u 5 Rei_2 der ivy.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.43 m 2 / g, and the average particle diameter D 50 determined by the laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 12.0 ⁇ m. Atsushi. Magnesium and titanium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C was 187.3 mAh / g, and the average voltage was 4.005 V.
- the capacity retention after 50 charge / discharge cycles was 86.5%.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amounts of aluminum hydroxide and zirconium oxide were changed, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition is Li Co. 1. Zr ⁇ .. , $ 2.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.39 m 2 Zg, and the average particle diameter D 50 determined by the laser-scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 12.6 ⁇ m. Atsushi. Magnesium and titanium were present on the surface. In addition, as a result of observation by SEM, the obtained positive electrode active material powder was found to have aggregated 30 or more primary particles to form secondary particles.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and a discharge rate of 0.5 C was 185.3 mAh / g, and the average voltage was 4.022 V.
- the capacity retention after 50 charge / discharge cycles was 86.5%.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amounts of magnesium hydroxide and zirconium oxide were changed, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was L i C o u. Li "Mg u. 0 I Z r 0. M_rei_2.
- the specific surface area of the fired powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.35 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.8 ⁇ m. I got it. Magnesium and titanium were present on the surface.
- Example 2 instead of cobalt oxyhydroxide as a raw material for cono-court, cobalt hydroxide having an average particle diameter D50 of 12.7 m or more of primary particles aggregated to form secondary particles was 12.7 m.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 2 except for using, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition is L i C o 0. 9 M g o. Oos Z r o.. Met.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.43 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 14.8 m. Magnesium and zirconium were present on the surface.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 2, an X-ray diffraction spectrum was obtained by a high-sensitivity X-ray diffraction method using Cu_K rays of the fired powder. As a result, no diffraction spectrum was observed at 28 ⁇ 1 °, indicating that zirconium was not present as a single oxide.
- the obtained positive electrode active material powder contained 30 primary particles.
- the secondary particles were formed by agglomerating more than one piece. Further, the filling property of the electrode layer using the positive electrode active material powder synthesized in Example 11 was improved as compared with that of Example 2.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that aluminum hydroxide and zirconium oxide were not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was L i C o 0 2.
- the specific surface area determined by a nitrogen adsorption method of the powder after calcination is 0. 3 2 m 2 Zg, average particle diameter D 5 0 determined by a laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer 1 3. 3 m der ivy . Magnesium and hafnium were present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C is
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that zirconium oxide was not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was LiCo ().
- the specific surface area of the powder after calcination determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.32 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by a laser-scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 13.4 ⁇ : ⁇ . Aluminum was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and a discharge rate of 0.5 C was 18.9 OmAhZg, and the average voltage was 4.016 V.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 2 except that zirconium oxide was not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was L i Co Springfield ! U Mg !! O2.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.29 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 13.3 ⁇ m. I got it. Magnesium was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and a discharge rate of 0.5 C was 190. I mAhZg, and the average voltage was 3.980 V.
- the capacity retention after 50 charge / discharge cycles was 74.7%.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that aluminum hydroxide was not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was L i C o 0. 99 Z r 0. O 2.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.41 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 13.0 ⁇ m. I got it. Zirconium was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C is
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 5 except that aluminum hydroxide was not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition was Li Co 0. Li f ⁇ . ⁇ , ⁇ 2.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.43 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser-scattering particle size distribution analyzer was 11.7 ⁇ m. Atsushi. Hafnium was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C is
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 8 except that aluminum hydroxide was not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, yarn ⁇ was L i C o S »T i (0'2.
- the specific surface area of the calcined powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.50 m 2 Zg, and the average particle diameter D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 12.7 ⁇ m. Titanium was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C was 186.4 mAhZg, and the average voltage was 4.020 V.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 3 except that aluminum hydroxide and zirconium oxide were not used, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, yarn ⁇ is L i C O_ ⁇ , Lee '4 F. . 0 . Met.
- the specific surface area determined by a nitrogen adsorption method of the powder after calcination is 0.3 3111 2 8
- the average particle diameter D 50 was determined by a laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer 1 3. 2 m der ivy. Fluorine was present on the surface.
- the initial discharge capacity at 25 ° C, 2.75 to 4.5 V, and discharge rate 0.5 C was 192.6 mAhZg, and the average voltage was 4.012 V.
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amounts of aluminum hydroxide and zirconium oxide were changed, and composition analysis, physical property measurement, and battery performance test were performed. As a result, the composition is L i C o ⁇ . Y6 A 1. r. ⁇ U 202
- the specific surface area of the fired powder determined by the nitrogen adsorption method was 0.44 m 2 Zg, and the average particle size D 50 determined by the laser scattering type particle size distribution analyzer was 11.9 ⁇ m. Fluorine was present on the surface.
- a positive electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery having high cycle durability and high safety in high voltage and high capacity applications that are useful for lithium ion secondary batteries Is provided.
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Abstract
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| JP2004539456A JP4221371B2 (ja) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-06-06 | リチウム二次電池用正極材料およびその製造方法 |
| US10/526,474 US7504180B2 (en) | 2002-09-25 | 2003-06-06 | Positive electrode material for lithium secondary battery and process for producing the same |
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- 2003-06-06 CN CNB038228912A patent/CN100517818C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-06 KR KR1020057005039A patent/KR101021991B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-06 WO PCT/JP2003/007223 patent/WO2004030126A1/ja not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100517818C (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
| TW200410437A (en) | 2004-06-16 |
| TWI331419B (ja) | 2010-10-01 |
| JP4221371B2 (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
| JPWO2004030126A1 (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
| US7504180B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 |
| KR20050057566A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
| US20050250013A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
| KR101021991B1 (ko) | 2011-03-16 |
| CN1685543A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
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