WO2004085835A1 - 液体噴射装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
液体噴射装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004085835A1 WO2004085835A1 PCT/JP2004/004376 JP2004004376W WO2004085835A1 WO 2004085835 A1 WO2004085835 A1 WO 2004085835A1 JP 2004004376 W JP2004004376 W JP 2004004376W WO 2004085835 A1 WO2004085835 A1 WO 2004085835A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- chamber
- liquid ejecting
- ejecting apparatus
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
- F02M69/044—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the intake conduit downstream of an air throttle valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
- F02M69/54—Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
- B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid ejecting apparatus that ejects liquid while atomizing the liquid.
- this type of conventionally known liquid ejecting apparatus has a champer 13 whose volume is changed by a piezoelectric element 13 01 and which is provided with a liquid ejecting nozzle 13 0 2. 0, a hollow cylindrical liquid introduction hole 1304, and a liquid supply passage 135.
- the liquid is supplied into the liquid supply passage 135, and is then introduced into the chamber 133 through the liquid introduction hole 1304. Then, the liquid is pressurized in the chamber 133 by the operation of the piezoelectric element 1301, and is ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle 134 (see, for example, JP-A-2000-27). Please refer to page 2, page 3 and FIG.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid ejecting apparatus capable of ejecting a large amount of liquid droplets having a small and uniform particle size and a manufacturing method capable of easily producing such a liquid ejecting apparatus. It is to provide Disclosure of the invention
- a liquid ejecting apparatus has a plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles.
- a chamber a liquid introduction passage having a hollow space that is connected to the chamber and allows the liquid to flow therethrough to introduce the liquid into the chamber, and periodically changes the volume of the chamber.
- An injection device wherein the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage portion is formed as a hollow thin plate-shaped slit.
- ⁇ nozzle '' refers to a ⁇ nozzle '' whose cross-sectional area is changed in the direction of flow to convert the pressure or heat energy of the fluid into kinetic energy to accelerate the flow. It is used as a term that includes not only a "flow path” but also a "hollow cylindrical through-hole provided in a wall (that is, a flow path whose cross-sectional area does not change in the flow direction)".
- the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage is formed as a slit having the shape of a thin hollow plate, a large amount of liquid can be introduced into the chamber. Further, since the flow resistance of the liquid introduction passage portion is increased, the pressure fluctuation due to the change in volume of the chamber is reliably transmitted to the droplet to be ejected. As a result, it is possible to eject the liquid while surely atomizing the liquid.
- the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage has a substantially rectangular cross section along a plane orthogonal to the flow direction (flow direction) of the liquid flowing through the hollow space. .
- the cross section along a plane perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid flowing through the hollow space is substantially rectangular, shortening the short side can provide a large flow path resistance, By extending the long side, a large amount of liquid can flow.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles have ejectors having the same circular shape as each other, and each ejector has a diameter of 3 to 100 im,
- the length (slit width) of a rectangular short side which is a cross-sectional shape of the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage portion, is 0.05 to 0.5 mm, and
- the ratio of the length of the short side (that is, the width of the slit) to the length of the long side of the rectangle is 0.5 or less. It is.
- the reason for setting each value in this way is as follows. (1) If the diameter of the circular injection port of the liquid injection nozzle is smaller than 3 m, the liquid injection hole will be clogged by foreign matter contained in the liquid, and stable injection will not be possible. If the diameter of the circular injection port of the liquid injection nozzle is larger than lOOm, it becomes difficult to atomize the liquid.
- the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage portion has a rectangular shape in plan view, and a pair of opposite sides of the rectangle are parallel to the flow direction of the liquid, and the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles have the same plane. It is preferable to be disposed inside a region in which a pair of sides that are parallel to the flow direction of the liquid as viewed from above are virtually extended. That is, the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage is substantially rectangular in plan view, and the flow direction of the liquid is defined by a pair of opposing sides constituting the substantially rectangular shape. Further, in a plan view, the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are defined by a straight line that virtually extends the pair of sides (a pair of sides that determine the flow direction of the liquid and are parallel to the flow direction). It is arranged inside.
- the liquid can reach each liquid ejecting nozzle while having substantially the same pressure, and the flow velocities in each liquid ejecting nozzle become substantially equal to each other. Therefore, since the liquid ejection speeds from the respective liquid ejection nozzles are substantially the same, it is possible to make the particle diameters of the droplets ejected from the respective liquid ejection nozzles substantially uniform.
- the liquid introduction passage includes a plurality of the thin hollow spaces. It is preferable that the plurality of hollow spaces are arranged in a multilayer manner so that the plate surfaces of the hollow spaces are parallel to each other and in a direction orthogonal to the plate surfaces of the hollow spaces. In addition, at least two of the plurality of hollow spaces of the liquid introduction passage may have different slit widths.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are formed in one of the walls constituting the chamber and are slender, substantially rectangular slits in a front view.
- the length of the short side (slit width) is reduced at predetermined intervals along the long side, so that the length of the rectangle whose one side is the predetermined interval and whose corners are formed in an arc shape is reduced. It is preferable that the rectangle has a shape formed continuously without any gap in the direction along the same side.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus includes a plurality of sets each including the chamber and the liquid introduction passage.
- the liquid introduction passage can be divided into a plurality of liquid introduction passages. The mechanical strength of the passage can be improved.
- the chamber 1 includes a metal thin plate on a part of a wall surface, and the actuator is fixed on the thin plate.
- the metal thin plate is a part of a hollow space of the liquid introduction passage portion. Preferably, the part is defined.
- the passage cross-sectional area of the liquid introduction passage portion can be increased.
- the liquid is pressurized in the liquid introduction passage at a timing delayed from the single pressurization by the chamber. That is, for one pressurizing operation by the chamber, a pressurizing operation in the same chamber and a pressurizing operation in the liquid introduction passage portion occur, and a pressure change can be given to the liquid twice. As a result, the particle size of the liquid to be ejected can be made smaller.
- the opening area of the connection between the liquid introduction passage and the chamber is reduced by synchronizing with the pressurizing operation in the chamber by the actuator, the increase in the pressure in the chamber will be reduced. Can be large. Therefore, even if the amount of deformation of the chamber by the actuator is small, the atomization of the liquid can be achieved, so that the amount of electric power applied to the actuator can be reduced.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus includes a pressurizing unit for pressurizing a liquid, a liquid passage connected to the pressurizing unit and the liquid introduction passage, and an on-off valve for opening and closing the liquid passage.
- a discharge valve for supplying pressurized liquid supplied from the pressurizing means when opened by the on-off valve to the liquid introduction passage portion via the liquid passage. It is.
- the liquid pressurized by the pressurizing means is discharged to the liquid introduction passage portion via the liquid passage of the discharge valve when the liquid passage of the discharge valve is opened by the on-off valve of the discharge valve. .
- the liquid is further supplied to the first chamber through the liquid introduction passage, and is jetted through the liquid jet nozzle of the first chamber. Therefore, since the pressure required for liquid injection is generated by the pressurizing means, the environment (for example, pressure and temperature) of the liquid injection space becomes severe due to fluctuations in the operating conditions of the machine to which the liquid is applied. However, the liquid can be stably jetted and supplied as desired fine particles.
- the fuel (liquid) flow rate is determined according to the air flow velocity in the space inside the suction pipe, which is the droplet discharge space, and the degree of atomization also changes depending on the air flow velocity.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus of the present invention described above, it is possible to eject a required amount of fuel (liquid) maintaining a good atomization state regardless of the air flow velocity.
- the liquid injection device according to the present invention is different from a conventional device that promotes atomization of fuel by supplying assist air to a nozzle portion of a fuel injection injector. As described above, since a compressor for supplying assist air is not necessarily required, the apparatus can be made inexpensive.
- the liquid ejecting nozzle is a through hole formed in one wall constituting the chamber, and the shape of the through hole is such that the direction of the liquid ejected from the through hole is the same as that of the through hole. It is also preferable that the chamber is formed so as to be inclined with respect to a direction orthogonal to the outer surface of one wall of the formed chamber. Furthermore, it is also preferable that at least two of the plurality of liquid jet nozzles are through holes provided in two walls, respectively, and the two walls are formed on two planes intersecting each other. It is.
- the liquid ejection direction can be set to a desired direction with a simple configuration. Therefore, for example, the spray can be dispersed over a wide range, so that it is possible to suppress the droplets atomized near the liquid jet nozzle from being recombined in the jet space.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are a plurality of through holes provided in a wall of the chamber, and the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are provided on an outer surface of the wall of the chamber in which the through holes are provided. Even if at least one of the through holes is formed in a circular arc shape, a portion having relatively good wettability with the jetted liquid and a portion having relatively poor wettability with the liquid to be jetted are respectively formed. Good.
- the direction in which the liquid is ejected can be set to a desired direction.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are formed on one wall constituting the champer, and a plurality of liquid droplets ejected from the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles are formed on a surface formed by the wall.
- the relative positions of the plurality of droplets in the virtual plane are determined within the plane formed by the wall. It is preferable that the liquid ejecting nozzles are configured so as to have substantially the same relative position between the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles because recombination of the dropletized liquid can be prevented.
- the liquid ejecting nozzle is a through hole formed in one wall constituting the champer, and the diameter of the through hole decreases concentrically according to the direction of the liquid ejected through the through hole. In this way, the straightness of the ejected droplet can be improved, and as a result, This is preferable because recombination of droplets is suppressed.
- a value obtained by dividing the difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the through hole by the thickness of one wall constituting the chamber in which the through hole is formed is 0.004 or more. The following values are preferred.
- the liquid ejecting nozzle is a through hole formed in one wall constituting the chamber, and the diameter of the through hole depends on the direction of the liquid ejected through the through hole. It is preferable that the concentric circle ′ is reduced to a predetermined size and then formed to have a predetermined diameter. According to this, since the through hole has a straight portion, the straightness of the ejected droplet can be further improved, and as a result, recombination of the droplet can be further suppressed.
- the actuator is composed of a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element, and the periphery of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element is covered with a resin.
- the volume of the champer can be changed at a high frequency by the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element which responds at a high speed, so that the diameter of the liquid to be atomized can be further reduced. Further, since the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element is covered with the resin, it is possible to prevent the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element from deteriorating due to moisture in the atmosphere, and to provide a more durable liquid ejecting apparatus.
- liquid ejecting apparatus includes:
- a chamber having a space defined by a plurality of walls and connected to the liquid inlet;
- a pressure wave is applied to the liquid introduced into the chamber through the liquid inlet and / or the volume of the chamber is reduced while being disposed on one of the plurality of walls.
- a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element and a plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles provided on another of the plurality of walls facing the one wall,
- a liquid ejecting apparatus that ejects liquid in the chamber 1 to an external space via the liquid ejecting nozzle while atomizing the liquid in the chamber 1 by the operation of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element
- the axial direction of the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles is determined such that as the distance from the other wall increases, the distance between droplets ejected from the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles substantially simultaneously increases. This is a liquid ejection device that has been used.
- the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element means not only a normal piezoelectric material but also This is a concept that includes an electrostrictive body.
- the liquid is introduced into the chamber through the liquid introduction section.
- a pressure wave is applied to the liquid introduced into the chamber 1 by the operation of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element.
- the liquid introduced into the chamber is pressurized as the volume of the chamber decreases due to the operation of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element.
- the liquid is atomized when ejected from the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles.
- the distance between droplets ejected from the plurality of liquid ejecting nozzles substantially simultaneously increases. Its axial direction is determined so that it becomes larger. Accordingly, the distance between the droplets increases with the flight of the droplets, so that the frequency of adjacent or adjacent droplets being combined in space can be reduced. As a result, a large number of droplets having a fine and uniform particle size can be ejected.
- the other wall is a thin flat plate
- the liquid ejecting nozzle is a through-hole formed in the other wall
- At least some of the liquid jet nozzles have their axes inclined with respect to the normal to the plate surface of the other wall.
- the other wall is a thin plate, and has a curved surface shape in which a periphery of a position facing a center of gravity of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element projects toward the external space.
- the liquid jet nozzle is a through hole formed in the other wall such that its axis is substantially coincident with the normal direction of the plate surface of the other wall.
- One manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention includes:
- One of the plurality of walls is disposed on a wall other than the through-hole forming wall, and performs a pressure wave to the liquid in the chamber and / or decreases the volume of the chamber.
- a piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element for spraying the liquid in the chamber into an external space through the through-holes while atomizing the liquid therein;
- a method of manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus wherein an axial direction of the liquid ejecting apparatus is inclined with respect to a normal to a plate surface of the through-hole forming wall so as to increase the size of the through-hole.
- a processing apparatus capable of forming a hole having an axis in the direction with respect to the object to be processed, so that the normal of the plate surface of the flat plate serving as the through-hole forming wall is in a direction different from the predetermined direction.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus comprising: forming a part of the plurality of through holes in the flat plate while tilting the flat plate.
- horizontal devices such as a device that forms holes by laser processing, a processing device that forms holes by electron beam, a device that forms holes by drilling, and a device that forms holes by electric discharge machining, etc.
- a processing apparatus capable of forming a hole having an axis in a fixed direction (a fixed direction, for example, a vertical direction) incident on a surface at a predetermined angle, It is formed on a flat plate that serves as a wall for forming a through hole.
- the flat plate is inclined so that the normal line of the flat surface of the flat plate is different from the predetermined direction to form a part of the through holes.
- it is installed at the top.
- a stage or the like that can change the angle of the fixed workpiece can be used.
- the axial direction of the wall surface of the through-hole-forming wall is adjusted so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through-holes substantially simultaneously increases as the distance from the through-hole-forming wall increases.
- a liquid ejecting apparatus having a through hole forming wall having a through hole inclined with respect to the line can be easily manufactured.
- Another manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention includes:
- One of the plurality of walls is disposed on a wall other than the through-hole forming wall, and performs a pressure wave to the liquid in the chamber and / or decreases the volume of the chamber.
- a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus wherein an axial direction thereof is inclined with respect to a normal to a plate surface of the through-hole forming wall so as to increase the size thereof, wherein the plate member has a substantially arc-shaped cross-sectional shape. Bending the plate, and forming a plurality of through holes having an axis parallel to a normal of a surface formed by the plate at a substantially central portion of the bent plate in the plate.
- Is a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus including:
- a plurality of through-holes are formed in a plate that has been previously bent so as to have a substantially circular cross section.
- Each of the through holes has an axis parallel to a normal to a plane formed by the plate at a substantially central portion of the bent plate.
- the plate having the through holes formed therein is processed into a flat plate shape.
- the axis direction is normal to the plate surface of the through hole forming wall so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases as the distance from the through hole forming wall increases.
- Another manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention includes:
- a first frame having a first through window formed by a wall having a first thickness, and a flat plate having a plurality of through holes serving as liquid ejecting nozzles, the lower surface of the first through window being closed;
- a chamber comprising a through-hole forming wall provided and a through-hole facing wall provided so as to close an upper surface of the first through window;
- the liquid penetrating through the through-hole is formed while being disposed on the wall facing the through hole.
- the method of manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus wherein the plurality of through holes are configured such that a distance between droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases as a distance from the through hole forming wall increases.
- the lower surface of the first frame body A plan view between a top surface of a second frame having a second through window formed by a wall having a thickness and being larger than the first through window and smaller than an outer peripheral portion of the first frame;
- the first through window is sandwiched so as to be inside the second through window, and the upper surface of the flat plate and the lower surface of the wall of the first frame body, and the lower surface of the flat plate and the upper surface of the wall of the second frame body Diffusion bonding by applying pressure at a high temperature
- Is a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus including:
- a plurality of through holes are formed in a flat plate.
- a first frame having a first through window and a second frame having a second through window are used.
- the second through window is larger than the first through window and smaller than the outer peripheral portion of the first frame.
- the flat plate having the through-hole is formed between the lower surface of the first frame and the upper surface of the second frame in a plan view (perpendicular to the window surfaces of the first through window and the second through window).
- the first through window is sandwiched so as to be inside the second through window.
- the upper surface of the flat plate, the lower surface of the wall of the first frame, the lower surface of the flat plate, and the upper surface of the wall of the second frame are diffusion-bonded by applying pressure at a high temperature.
- the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame is supported by the upper surface of the wall of the second frame via the flat plate.
- the inner peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame is not supported by the upper surface of the wall of the second frame because the first through window is smaller than the second through window.
- the flat plate is curved so as to swell into the second through window.
- the through holes parallel to each other formed in the flat plate are so arranged that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases as the distance from the through hole forming wall increases. easily oriented.
- Another manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention includes:
- a first frame having a first through window formed by a wall having a first thickness, and a flat plate having a plurality of through holes serving as liquid ejecting nozzles, the lower surface of the first through window being closed;
- a chamber comprising a through-hole forming wall provided and a through-hole facing wall provided so as to close an upper surface of the first through window;
- a piezoelectric z-electrostrictive element for injecting into the external space through the hole A liquid ejecting apparatus, wherein the plurality of through-holes are configured such that the distance between droplets ejected from the plurality of through-holes substantially simultaneously increases as the distance from the through-hole forming wall increases.
- a method of manufacturing an apparatus comprising: forming a plurality of through holes having an axis parallel to a normal line of a plane formed by a flat plate serving as the through hole forming wall in the flat plate;
- the flat plate having the through hole is formed by a lower surface of the first frame and a wall having a second thickness, which is larger than the first through window and an outer peripheral portion of the first frame. Between the upper surface of the second frame having the second through window having a smaller diameter, so that the first through window is inside the second through window in plan view, and Pressing a high pressure on the flat plate from above and below the second frame;
- Is a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus including:
- a plurality of through holes are formed in a flat plate.
- a first frame having a first through window and a second frame having a second through window are used.
- the second through window is larger than the first through window and smaller than the outer peripheral portion of the first frame.
- the flat plate with the through-hole is formed between the lower surface of the first frame and the upper surface of the second frame in a plan view (perpendicular to the first through window and the window surface of the second through window).
- the first through window is sandwiched so as to be inside the second through window.
- high pressure is applied to the flat plate from above the first frame and below the second frame.
- the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame is supported by the upper surface of the wall of the second frame via a flat plate.
- the inner peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame is not supported by the upper surface of the wall of the second frame because the first through window is smaller than the second through window.
- the flat plate is curved so as to swell into the second through window.
- the through holes parallel to each other formed in the flat plate are so arranged that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases as the distance from the through hole forming wall increases. easily oriented.
- the lower surface of the wall of the first frame and the upper surface of the flat plate, and the lower surface of the flat plate and the upper surface of the second frame may be joined before or after the above-described pressing step.
- Another manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus includes: A first frame having a first through window formed by a wall having a first thickness, and a flat plate having a plurality of through holes serving as liquid ejecting nozzles, the lower surface of the first through window being closed; A chamber comprising a through-hole forming wall provided and a through-hole facing wall provided so as to close an upper surface of the first through window;
- the liquid in the chamber 1 is formed into fine particles so that the liquid penetrates through the chamber.
- a piezoelectric electrostrictive element for injecting into the external space through the hole
- the method of manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus wherein the plurality of through holes are configured such that a distance between droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases as a distance from the through hole forming wall increases. And forming a plurality of through-holes having an axis parallel to a normal of a plane formed by the flat plate serving as the through-hole forming wall in the flat plate;
- Is a method for manufacturing a liquid ejecting apparatus including:
- a plurality of through holes are formed in the flat plate serving as the through hole forming wall.
- the axis of each of the plurality of through holes is parallel to a normal to a plane formed by the flat plate.
- the flat plate Due to this shot peening, a large compressive residual stress is generated on the lower surface of the flat plate, and a residual tensile stress is generated on the upper surface of the flat plate. Therefore, the flat plate is curved so as to bulge into the window formed by the mask. As a result, the through holes parallel to each other formed in the flat plate become larger in distance from the plurality of through holes as the distance from the through hole forming wall increases. Easily oriented.
- the density of the liquid ejecting nozzle increases as the liquid introduced into the champ through the liquid introducing passage portion proceeds in the flow direction. It is preferable to make it larger.
- the liquid ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle formed at a position distant from the portion (liquid introduction portion) where the liquid is introduced into the chamber is ejected from the chamber 1 after the ejection. It flies not only in the direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the chamber, but also in the direction toward the center of the chamber. This is presumed to be because the position farther from the liquid introduction part is closer to the side wall (wall surface) of the chamber, so that the liquid pressure increases and the liquid pressure gradient increases.
- the droplet ejected from this one liquid ejecting nozzle is positioned at a position farther from the liquid introducing portion (ie, the side wall).
- a relatively high pressure is applied, and a relatively low pressure is applied to a position close to the liquid introduction part (ie, the side opposite to the side wall). Therefore, the pressure in the direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the chamber 1 is not evenly applied to the droplet ejected from the one liquid ejecting nozzle, so that the component in which the flight direction of the droplet is directed toward the center of the chamber 1 is reduced. It is presumed to have.
- the above-described hydraulic pressure gradient can be reduced.
- the liquid ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle located far from the introduction portion can also be ejected in a direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the champer. As a result, droplets having a uniform particle size can be ejected.
- the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure gradient generated near the end (side wall) of the chamber in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid in the chamber can be reduced.
- the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle can also be ejected in a direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the champer. As a result, droplets having a uniform particle size can be ejected.
- the passage area of the liquid ejecting nozzle is increased as the liquid introduced into the champ through the liquid introduction passage portion flows in the flow direction.
- the more the liquid ejecting nozzle advances in the chamber in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid introduced into the chamber via the liquid introducing passage portion It is also preferable to increase the area of the passage.
- the cross-sectional shape of the passage of the liquid jet nozzle may be circular or elliptical.
- the droplet since the particle diameter of the liquid ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle located far from the liquid introduction part can be increased, the droplet has a strong tendency to proceed straight after the ejection. Further, the hydraulic pressure gradient near the side wall of the chamber 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the droplet flies in a direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the first chamber. As a result, droplets having a uniform particle diameter can be ejected.
- the chamber 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the liquid introduction passage portion is supplied with liquid from the outside—connected to a liquid introduction port, and each of a pair of opposed surfaces of the chamber 1 from the liquid introduction port. It is also preferable that the liquid is introduced into the champ from a pair of opposing surfaces of the champ.
- the liquid ejecting nozzle formed near the one surface of the chamber that is furthest from the liquid introduction part and the liquid from the liquid introduction part The ejection direction of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle formed in the vicinity of the pair of surfaces of the chamber located in the direction orthogonal to the flow of the liquid may not be perpendicular to the lower surface of the chamber.
- the density of the liquid ejecting nozzle is increased in the chamber in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid introduced into the chamber through the liquid introduction passage.
- the liquid introduction passage is provided in the chamber. It is also preferable to increase the passage area of the liquid jet nozzle as it proceeds in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid introduced into the same chamber via the passage.
- the cross-sectional shape of the passage of the liquid jet nozzle may be circular or elliptical.
- the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure gradient generated near the end (side wall) of the chamber in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid in the chamber can be reduced, so that the liquid ejection near the end can be performed. It is possible to make the ejection direction of the liquid ejected from the nozzle coincide with the vertical direction of the lower surface of the same chamber.
- the chamber 1 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the liquid introduction passage portion is connected to a liquid introduction port to which a liquid is supplied from the outside, and extends from the liquid introduction port so as to surround the chamber 1 in a plan view. It is also preferable that the liquid is introduced into the chamber from four sides of the chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention applied to an internal combustion engine.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the electromagnetic on-off type discharge valve shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 11 in FIG. 3 and an enlarged front view of the electromagnetic on-off discharge valve shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 2-2 in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a part of the cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of the liquid ejected from the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a first method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a second method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 5-5 in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 6-'6 in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 7-7 in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 8-8 in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 9-1 in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 10-10 in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 11-11 in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 12-2 in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 13-13 in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 14_14 of FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 15-15 in FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 16--16 in FIG.
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, cut along a plane along the YZ plane.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a first modified example of the liquid ejection hole of each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a second modification of the liquid ejection holes of each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a third modification of the liquid ejection hole according to each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a fourth modification of the liquid ejection hole of each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a view showing a fifth modification of the liquid ejection hole of each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a sixth modification of the liquid injection hole of each embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 35 is a sectional view of another modification of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus equivalent to FIG.
- FIG. 37 is a sectional view of still another modification of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a process chart showing a first method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 37. '
- FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram for explaining the steps of the first manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram for explaining a process of a second method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 41 is a schematic diagram for explaining a step of the third manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 37.
- FIG. 42 is a graph showing an experimental result of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 43 is a graph showing experimental results of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 44 is a graph showing experimental results of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional view of the comparative example cut along a plane along the YZ plane.
- FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 37 cut along a plane along the YZ plane.
- FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, cut along a plane along the X-Z plane.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, cut along a plane along the YZ plane.
- FIG. 49 is a process chart showing first and second manufacturing methods of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 47 and FIG.
- FIG. 50 is a process chart showing a third method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIGS. 47 and 48.
- FIG. 51 is a plan view of another modification of the liquid ejecting apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line B1-1B1 in FIG.
- FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line B2-B2 in FIG.
- FIG. 54 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line B3—B3 in FIG.
- FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line B4—B4 in FIG.
- FIG. 57 is a plan view of a modified example of the lower wall of the liquid ejecting apparatus, and (B) is a partially enlarged view of (A).
- FIG. 58 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 59 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 25-25 in FIG.
- FIG. 60 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 26-26 in FIG.
- FIG. 61 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 62 shows the liquid ejector in the plane along the line 27-27 in Fig. 61.
- FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 28-28 in FIG.
- FIG. 64 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 65 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 29-29 in FIG.
- FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 30-30 in FIG.
- FIG. 67 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 31-1 of FIG.
- FIG. 69 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along line 32-32 of FIG. 67.
- FIG. 70 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 71 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 33-33 in FIG. 70.
- FIG. 72 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 34-34 in FIG.
- FIG. 73 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. '
- FIG. 74 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along a line 35A-35A in FIG.
- FIG. 75 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along a line 35B-35B in FIG.
- FIG. 76 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 77 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 36-36 in FIG.
- FIG. 78 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 37-37 in FIG.
- FIG. 79 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 80 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 38-38 in FIG.
- FIG. 81 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 39-39 in FIG.
- FIG. 82 is a process chart illustrating a method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus illustrated in FIG. 67.
- FIG. 83 is a view showing a state during the manufacture of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 67, and FIG. 83 (A) is a plan view of the liquid ejecting apparatus during the manufacturing. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus that is being manufactured.
- FIG. 84 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 85 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 40-40 in FIG.
- FIG. 86 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line 41-41 in FIG.
- FIG. 87 is a process diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing the liquid ejecting apparatus illustrated in FIG. 84.
- FIG. 88 is a view showing a state during the manufacture of the liquid ejecting apparatus shown in FIG. 84.
- FIG. 88 (A) is a plan view of the liquid ejecting apparatus during the manufacturing
- FIG. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus that is being manufactured.
- FIG. 89 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid ejecting apparatus.
- BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION embodiments of a liquid ejecting apparatus (liquid spraying apparatus, liquid supply apparatus, liquid droplet discharging apparatus) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
- a liquid injection device 10 is, for example, an internal combustion engine as a mechanical device that requires finely divided liquid (fuel). Used as an electronic fuel injection controller (electronic liquid injection controller).
- the electronic fuel injection control device is connected to the intake pipe (or intake port) of the internal combustion engine.
- a fuel injection space (liquid injection space) 31 formed by 30 or the like is provided with finely divided liquid (liquid fuel, for example, gasoline; It is also called “fuel.")
- the electronic fuel injection control device is a liquid injection device 10 equipped with a piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element that functions as an actuator, a pressurizing pump (fuel pump) 21 as a pressurizing means, a fuel supply pipe (liquid supply). Pipes, fuel pipes) 2, 2, Pre-shape guilleur 2'3, electromagnetic open / close type discharge valve (discharge valve, open / close valve) 24, fuel tank (liquid storage tank) 25, and electric control unit 4 Contains 0.
- the pressurizing pump 21 and the pressure pump 23 are interposed in the fuel supply pipe 22.
- the pressurizing pump 21 is connected to the bottom of the fuel tank 25 through the fuel supply pipe 22.
- a discharge section 21 b connected to the pre-chalet gyure 23 through the fuel supply pipe 22.
- the pressurizing pump 21 introduces the fuel in the fuel tank 25 from the introduction part 21a and pressurizes it, and discharges the pressurized fuel from the discharge part 21b.
- the pressurized pump 21 supplies fuel to the pressure regulator 23, the electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24, and the liquid injection
- the pressure is increased to a pressure that can be injected into the liquid injection space 31 via the device 10 (this pressure is referred to as a “pressure pump discharge pressure”).
- the pressure in the intake pipe 30 is given to the pressure regulator 23 by piping (not shown).
- the pressure regulator 23 reduces (or regulates) the pressure of the fuel pressurized by the pressurizing pump 21 based on the pressure in the intake pipe 30.
- the pressure of the fuel in the liquid supply pipe 22 between the pressure regulator 23 and the electromagnetic on / off discharge valve 24 is more predetermined (constant) than the pressure in the intake pipe 30.
- the pressure is adjusted to be higher by the pressure (this pressure is referred to as “adjustment pressure”). Therefore, when the electromagnetic on / off discharge valve 24 is opened for a predetermined time, fuel having a fuel amount substantially proportional to the predetermined time is injected into the intake pipe 30 regardless of the pressure in the intake pipe 30. You.
- the electromagnetic on / off discharge valve 24 is a well-known fuel injector (electromagnetic injection valve) that has been widely used in electronic fuel injection control devices for internal combustion engines.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24. Here, the tip side portion is shown by a cross section cut by a plane including the center line of the electromagnetic open / close type discharge valve 24.
- the electromagnetic on-off discharge valve 24 is connected to a liquid supply pipe 22 and is connected to a liquid inlet 23 and a liquid inlet 24 a and a liquid passage 24 connected to the liquid inlet 24 a.
- Liquid passage 2 4 b of solenoid open / close type discharge valve 24 is discharge hole
- the liquid injection device 10 is provided with a liquid (intake valve) to be injected into the fuel injection space 31.
- At least one chamber with a piezo-electrostrictive element formed on its wall and a wall different from the wall on which the piezo-electrostrictive element is formed to atomize This is a jetting device equipped with a liquid jetting hole (liquid jetting nozzle), which is shown in detail in Figs.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which each side extends in parallel to the X, Y, and Z axes perpendicular to each other. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 includes a plurality of thin metal plates (hereinafter, referred to as “metal plates”) that are sequentially stacked.
- the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is fixed to the outer surface of 10 c (plane along the XY plane in the positive direction of the Z axis).
- the material of the metal plates 10a to 10c is stainless steel (SUS304 or SSUS316) in this example.
- the metal plate 10 c is extremely thin and constitutes a diaphragm that can be easily deformed and restored (deformable).
- the material of a metal plate according to another embodiment described later is the same as that of the metal plates 10a to 10c.
- the liquid ejection device 10 communicates with the liquid inlet 10-1, the liquid supply passage 10-2, the chamber 1 10-3, the liquid supply passage 10-2, and the chamber 1-10-3. And a piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11.
- Liquid inlets 10-1 are circular through holes formed in metal plate 10c.
- the liquid inlet 10-1 is provided at the center of the metal plate 10c in the Y-axis direction and near the end of the X-axis negative direction.
- a discharge port 24 e of a solenoid-operated discharge valve 24 is liquid-tightly connected to a liquid inlet 10 1 through a sleeve 25 as shown in FIG.
- the liquid supply passage 10-2 is a space defined by an upper surface of the metal plate 10a, a side wall surface forming a through hole formed in the metal plate 10b, and a lower surface of the metal plate 10c. It is.
- the planar shape of the liquid supply passages 10-2 (as viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis) is, as shown in Fig. 3, the top P that coincides with the arc of the liquid inlet 10-11 and the top P It is a substantially isosceles triangle having a base T along the Y axis at a position separated by a predetermined distance in the positive direction of the X axis.
- the length of the base T is W.
- the chamber 10-3 has a through hole formed in the metal plate 10b at a predetermined distance in the positive X-axis direction from the upper surface of the metal plate 10a and the liquid supply passage 10-2. This is a space defined by the side wall surface to be formed and the lower surface of the metal plate 10c.
- the planar shape of the champers 10-3 is a substantially rectangular shape having a long side L H and a short side SH along the Y axis and the X axis, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- the length of the long side L H is slightly longer than the length W of the base T of the liquid supply passage 10.
- the positions of the pair of short sides SH are located outside the base T at both ends in the Y-axis direction (outside in the positive Y-axis direction and outside in the Y-axis negative direction).
- Liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) are formed as 10-3a.
- Each of the liquid injection holes 10 0 to 3 a is a cylindrical space having a bottom surface having a ⁇ in the Z-axis direction and a diameter d. Therefore, a plurality of circular injection ports having a diameter d are formed on the lower surface of the metal plate 10a.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 10-3a are arranged in a square lattice.
- each center point of the plurality of liquid injection holes 10-3a is defined by a plurality of lines parallel to the X axis arranged at a fixed distance and a plurality of lines arranged at the same fixed distance. It coincides with the intersection with a line parallel to the Y axis.
- the term ⁇ liquid injection nozzle '' refers to a ⁇ liquid injection nozzle '' whose cross-sectional area is changed in the direction of flow to convert the pressure or heat energy of the fluid into kinetic energy to accelerate the flow.
- the “liquid injection flow path” it is provided on the wall that constitutes the chamber 1 0 — 3 like the “liquid injection hole 10 — 3a”.
- a hollow cylindrical liquid injection through-hole that is, a flow path whose sectional area does not change in the direction of flow
- the liquid introduction passages 10-4 are formed by the upper surface of the metal plate 10b at the approximate center in the X-axis direction, the side wall surface erected from both ends of the upper surface in the Y-axis direction, and the lower surface of the metal plate 10c It is a space that is defined and forms a thin plate-like hollow space (ie, slit). 'This slit is also called the liquid introduction passage. As shown in FIG. 6, which is an enlargement of the liquid guide passages 10 0 to 4 in FIG. At a slight distance t below the height of the part.
- the slits of the liquid introduction passage portions 10-4 have a planar shape along the Y-axis and the X-axis, respectively, which is a substantially rectangular shape having a long side LI and a short side SI.
- the long side L I has the same length W as the bottom side T of the liquid supply passage 10-2.
- One long side L I coincides with the bottom edge of the liquid supply passage 10-2. Therefore, the starting points of the pair of short sides S I coincide with both ends of the base T.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-4 include a hollow thin plate-like slit, and the cross section of the slit cut along a plane along the YZ plane has a length t. It is rectangular with short sides and long sides of length W.
- the slit of the liquid introduction passages 10 to 4 has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and a pair of opposite sides (short sides SI, SI) of the rectangle are in the flow direction of the liquid (X-axis).
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 1 0 to 3 a are defined by straight lines IML 1 and IML 2 which virtually extend a pair of sides parallel to the flow direction of the liquid in the same plan view. (The positive side of the imaginary line IML 1 in the Y-axis direction and the negative side of the imaginary line IML 2 in the Y-axis direction).
- the liquid can reach each of the liquid injection holes 10-3 a while having substantially the same pressure, and the flow velocity in each of the liquid injection holes 10-3 a becomes substantially equal to each other.
- the liquid ejecting speed from each of the liquid ejecting holes 10 0 to 3 a becomes substantially the same as each other, so that the particle diameter of the liquid droplet ejected from each of the liquid ejecting holes 10 to 3 a can be made substantially uniform.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 11 as a possible actuator is slightly smaller than the chamber 10-3 in plan view, and is arranged inside the chamber 10-3 in plan view. Is fixed to the upper surface of the metal plate 10c.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 11 has a structure in which a layered piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element and a layered electrode are exchanged. This is a “lateral effect type laminated piezoelectric unit” formed by laminating multiple layers with each other.
- a predetermined potential difference is periodically applied between the pair of comb-shaped electrodes 11a and 11b, the piezoelectric z-electrostrictive element 11 0c is curved and deformed in the negative direction of the Z axis.
- the upper wall of the chamber 10-3 is deformed by the operation of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 and, as a result, the volume of the chamber 10-3 is reduced.
- the liquid in the chamber 10-3 is pressurized by this volume reduction.
- the electric control device 40 is a circuit including a microcomputer, and is connected to sensors such as an engine rotation speed sensor 41 and an intake pipe pressure sensor 42 as shown in FIG.
- the electric control unit 40 inputs the engine speed N and the intake pipe pressure P from these sensors to determine the fuel amount necessary for the internal combustion engine and the injection start timing, and also determines the fuel amount and
- the discharge valve drive signal INJ is supplied to the electromagnetic mechanism of the electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24 according to the injection start timing.
- the electric control device 40 controls the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 1 during at least a period during which the pressure of the liquid in the chamber 103 rises and falls due to the supply and stop of the supply of the discharge valve drive signal INJ.
- a piezoelectric element drive voltage signal DV that changes between 0 (V) and Vmax (V) at a drive frequency f between the electrodes 11a and 11b is transmitted.
- the drive frequency f of the piezoelectric element drive voltage signal DV depends on the structure of the liquid supply passage 10-2, the structure of the chamber 10-3, the shape and number of the liquid injection holes 10-3a, and the liquid introduction passage.
- the structure of the parts 10-4, the resonance frequency of the liquid ejecting device 10 determined by the shape of the part of the metal plate 10c of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 that causes deformation and the type of liquid (fuel) ( It is preferable that the frequency is set to be equal to the natural frequency (for example, a frequency near 50 kHz).
- the fuel discharged from the discharge port 24 e of the electromagnetic on-off discharge valve 24 is supplied to the liquid supply passage 10 0 2 through the liquid inlet 10 1, and then the liquid It is introduced into the chamber 10-3 through the slit of the introduction passage 10-4 (flowing in the slit in the X-axis direction). Then, the liquid introduced into the chamber 10-3 is pushed into the intake pipe 30 through the liquid injection hole 10-3a (the injection hole of the liquid injection hole). Be ejected (fired). At this time, vibration energy (pressure fluctuation of the frequency f) due to the operation of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 is added to the injected fuel in the chamber 10-3. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- a constricted portion is generated in the injected fuel, and the fuel is separated from the constricted portion at the tip thereof so as to be separated from the constricted portion.
- uniform and finely divided fuel is injected into the fuel injection space 31 of the intake pipe 30.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus according to another embodiment described below operates in the same manner as the operation of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 described above.
- FIG. 8 the figure arranged on the left is a plan view of each metal plate or the metal body (joined body) after bonding, and the figure arranged on the right is the metal plate or joint on the left side of each figure.
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane along line 3-3;
- the figure arranged on the left side is a plan view of each metal plate or the metal body after bonding, and the figure arranged on the right side is the metal plate on the left side of each figure or the metal body after bonding.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane along line 4-4.
- the first manufacturing method includes the following steps.
- Step 1 As shown in (1) of FIG. 8, a through hole corresponding to the liquid inlet 10-1 is formed in an extremely thin metal plate by punching. Thus, a metal plate 10 c is obtained.
- Step 2 As shown in Fig. 8 (2), prepare a slightly thick metal plate and form the side walls of the liquid supply passages 10-2 and the side walls of the chambers 10_3 on the metal plate. Hole PH1 and through hole PH2 are formed by metal etching. Further, a portion to be the lower wall SW of the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4 is formed by half-etching the metal plate (obtaining a groove having a predetermined depth t by etching). Thus, a metal plate 10b is obtained.
- Step 3 As shown in Fig. 8 (3), a metal plate having an intermediate thickness between the metal plates shown in (1) and (2) in Fig. 8 is prepared. A through hole of 1 0-3 a is formed at a predetermined position by punching. Thus, a metal plate 10a is obtained.
- Step 4 The metal plates 10a, 1Ob and 10c thus formed are laminated in order, and they are mutually bonded by metal diffusion bonding (or thermocompression bonding). Join. Thus, the bonded body SG shown in (4) of FIG. 8 is obtained.
- Step 5 On the other hand, the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive films and the electrode films are alternately laminated to form the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11. Then, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is fixed on the metal plate 10c of the joined body SG by bonding.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 is manufactured.
- the processing of the liquid injection holes 10-3a and the through holes PH1, PH2, etc. is not limited to the above-described processing method, and for example, a processing method by laser processing can be suitably used.
- the second manufacturing method differs from the first manufacturing method only in that the metal plate 10b is obtained by a method different from step 2 of the first manufacturing method. That is, in the second manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 9 (1), a liquid plate 10-1 and a liquid supply passage 10-2 in a plan view are formed on a metal plate having a thickness t. A through hole PH3 having an outer shape (outline) of the chambers 10-3 and the liquid introduction passage portions 10-4 is formed by punching (another processing method may be used). Thus, a metal plate 10b1 is obtained.
- a metal plate having a thickness similar to the thickness t is provided on a metal plate having a thickness substantially equal to the thickness t, and a through hole PH4 having an outer shape (outline) of the liquid supply passage 10_2 in a plan view.
- a through hole PH5 whose outer shape is the outer line (contour) and a hole are formed by punching.
- a metal plate 10b2 is obtained.
- a plurality of metal plates 10b2 and one metal plate 1O bi are sequentially stacked on the metal plate 10a shown in (3) of FIG. 8 (see (4) of FIG. 9).
- the metal plates 10c shown in (1) of FIG. 8 are laminated, and they are bonded to each other by metal diffusion bonding (or thermal bonding).
- the conjugate SG shown in (4) of FIG. 8 is obtained.
- the step of fixing the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 is the same as that of the first manufacturing method, and the description is omitted.
- the diameter d (diameter d of the cylindrical bottom and top surfaces) of the liquid injection holes 10-3a is 3 to 100 im. If the diameter d is smaller than 3 m, the liquid injection holes 10_3a are liable to be clogged by foreign substances contained in the liquid, so that stable injection cannot be performed. If the diameter d is larger than 100 ⁇ m, the liquid may be atomized. Is difficult.
- the length t of the rectangular short side which is the cross-sectional shape of the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4, is 0.005 to 0.5 mm. If the short side length t is less than 0.05 mm, the flow resistance exhibited by the liquid introduction passages 10-4 becomes excessive, and a large amount of liquid can be introduced into the chamber 10-3. As a result, a large amount of liquid cannot be jetted.
- the length t of the short side is larger than 0.5 mm, the pressure fluctuation based on the volume change of the chamber 10-3 due to the operation of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 1 is generated in the liquid supply passage 10_2. Because the pressure is transmitted, the pressure fluctuation of the liquid in the chamber 10-3 cannot be increased, and as a result, it may be difficult to atomize the liquid.
- the pressure fluctuation based on the volume change of the chamber 10-3 due to the operation of the electrostrictive element 11 is transmitted to the liquid supply passage 10-2. As a result, the pressure fluctuation of the liquid in the chamber 10-3 cannot be increased, and it may be difficult to atomize the liquid.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment only in that the liquid introduction passages 10-4 are replaced with liquid introduction passages 10-5. It is different from injection device 10. Therefore, the following description will be made with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12 focusing on such differences.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-5 are formed at substantially the center of the metal plate 10d and the metal plate 10c in place of the metal plate 10b of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 in the X-axis direction.
- the metal plate 10 d is different from the metal plate 10 O only in that the metal plate 10 b is provided with a plurality of support portions (bars) 10 — 5 a at the positions forming the liquid introduction passage portions 10 — 4. Differs from b. More specifically, each support portion 10-5a extends in the X-axis direction on the upper surface of the metal plate 10d substantially at the center in the X-axis direction.
- the plurality of support portions 10-5a are arranged at predetermined intervals along the Y-axis direction. Support 1 0 — 5a height (Z Is the distance t described above, and the length in the Y-axis direction is slightly longer than the distance t.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-5 are formed by dividing the slit of the liquid introduction passages 10-4 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 by the plurality of supports 10-5a. (Here 5) independent slits are provided as liquid introduction passages.
- the plurality of slits have the same shape as each other.
- the cross section of each slit cut along a plane along the YZ plane has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively.
- the length of the short side of this rectangle is the distance t described above, and the length of the long side is W 1.
- the value obtained by multiplying the length Wr of the long side by 5 is substantially equal to the length W of the long side of the slit of the liquid introduction passage section 10-4 described above.
- the liquid introduction passage portion 10-5 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 50 has a slit (that is, a slit having a narrower width in the Y-axis direction than the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4).
- W 1 ⁇ W are provided as a plurality of liquid introduction passages. Accordingly, the slits of the liquid introduction passages 10-5 have higher rigidity than the slits of the liquid introduction passages 10-4, so that a large amount of liquid can be stably supplied to the champers 110-13. Can be introduced.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 according to the third embodiment differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment only in that the liquid introduction passages 10-4 are replaced with liquid introduction passages 10-6. It is different from injection device 10. Therefore, the following description will focus on such differences with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15.
- the liquid introduction passages 10 0-6 are located on the upper surface of the substantially central portion of the metal plate 10 e in place of the metal plate 10 b of the liquid ejector 10 in the X-axis direction. ⁇ Slits are defined by the lower surface of the metal plate 10c. Further, the liquid introduction passage portions 10-6 include a plurality of (here, two) slits formed in the metal plate 10e below the above-mentioned slit.
- Each of the plurality of slits has the same shape as the slit of the liquid introduction passage section 10-4. That is, the cross section of each slit cut along a plane along the YZ plane has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively. The short side and length of this rectangle The lengths of the sides are distance t and distance w, respectively.
- the slits are parallel to each other (the hollow spaces of the liquid introduction passages 10 to 6 are parallel to each other with their flat surfaces (planes) parallel to each other), and are in the Z-axis direction (the plate surface of the hollow space). (A direction perpendicular to the direction).
- the liquid introduction passages 10 to 16 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 include a plurality of slits equivalent to the slits of the liquid introduction passages 10 to 4. Therefore, the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 can introduce a larger amount of liquid into the chamber 10-3, so that a larger amount of liquid can be ejected.
- the liquid ejecting device 60 includes a portion where air bubbles in the chamber 10-3 and the liquid supply passage 10-2 tend to stay (for example, the chamber 10-3 or the liquid supply passage 10-2). A liquid flow can be formed in the corner formed by the liquid introduction passage section 10-6 and the metal plate 10a (indicated by the black triangle in Fig. 14). Therefore, the discharge of air bubbles is promoted.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 can appropriately apply the pressure fluctuation to the liquid in the chamber 10-3 (since the application of the pressure fluctuation is hardly hindered by the bubbles), so that the liquid injection can be performed. Can be performed in a stable state. (Fourth embodiment)
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 70 according to the fourth embodiment differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 according to the third embodiment only in that the liquid introduction passage section 10-6 is replaced with a liquid introduction passage section 10-7. Different from injection device 60. Therefore, the following description will focus on such differences with reference to FIGS. 16 to 18.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-7 are portions formed at substantially the center of the metal plate 10f and the metal plate 10c in place of the metal plate 10e of the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 in the X-axis direction.
- the metal plate 10 f is different from the metal plate 10 e only in that the metal plate 10 e is provided with a plurality of support portions (bars) 10 — 7 a at positions forming the liquid introduction passage portion 10-6. e is different. More specifically, each of the support portions 10-7a extends in the X-axis direction in each of a plurality of slits provided in the liquid introduction passage portions 10-6.
- the plurality of support portions 10-7a are arranged at predetermined intervals along the Y-axis direction.
- the height (length in the Z-axis direction) of the support portion 10 — 7a is the same distance t as the height of each slit, and the length in the Y-axis direction is slightly longer than the distance t. I'm wearing
- the liquid introduction passages 10-7 are divided into a plurality of slits of the liquid introduction passages 10-6 of the liquid ejecting device 60 by the plurality of support portions 10-7a (here, 1--7). (5) independent slits are provided as liquid introduction passages.
- the plurality of slits have the same shape as each other.
- each slit cut along a plane along the YZ plane has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively.
- the length of the short side of this rectangle is the distance t described above, and the length of the long side is W1.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-7 of the liquid ejecting device 70 have a narrower width (W 1) in the Y-axis direction than the slit of the liquid introduction passages 10-6. ⁇ W) as a liquid introduction passage. Therefore, since the slits of the liquid introduction passage portions 10-7 are higher in rigidity than the slits of the liquid introduction passages 10-6, a large amount of liquid is stably stored in the chamber 10-3. Can be introduced.
- the liquid ejecting device 70 includes a portion where bubbles in the champers 10-3 and the liquid supply passages 10-2 are likely to stay (for example, a chamber 10-3 or a liquid supply passage 10-2).
- the liquid flow path can be formed in the corner formed by the liquid introduction passage 10-7 and the metal plate 10a, as indicated by the black triangle in Figure 17) Therefore, the discharge of air bubbles is promoted. As a result, the liquid ejecting apparatus 70 can perform the liquid ejection in a stable state.
- liquid ejecting apparatus 80 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 80 according to the fifth embodiment is the same as the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment except that the actuator including the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 is replaced with the actuator 12. Liquid ejector 10 different. Therefore, the following description will be made with reference to FIGS. 19 to 21 focusing on such differences.
- the actuator 12 has a fixed portion 12a and a piezoelectric electrostrictive element portion 12b.
- the fixing portion 12a is a rigid body having a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.
- the fixing portions 12a are fixed by bonding to the upper surface of the metal plate 10c at the lower surfaces at both ends and to both outer positions of the chamber 10-3 in the Y-axis direction.
- the fixing part 12a fixes and holds the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element part 12b at the upper part (lower side surface of the upper part).
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive element section 1 2 b is defined by each side along the X, Y and Z axis directions.
- This is a “vertical effect piezo-electric device” having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and formed by alternately laminating layered piezoelectric electrostrictive elements and layered electrodes over multiple layers.
- the thickness direction of the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element and the electrode is in the X-axis direction, and their layer surfaces are parallel to the ⁇ -z plane.
- the layered electrodes are alternately connected to a pair of common electrodes to form a pair of comb-shaped electrodes.
- the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element section 12 b is slightly smaller than the chamber 10-3 in a plan view, and is disposed inside the chamber 11-13 in the plan view.
- the lower surface of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element portion 12b is fixed to the upper surface of the metal plate 10c.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive element section 12 b moves in the Z-axis direction. Expand and contract.
- the metal plate 10c constituting the upper wall of the chamber 10-3 is pressed and deformed by the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element portion 12b.
- the volume of the chamber 103 changes periodically, and the vibration energy is transmitted to the liquid in the chamber 103 (pressure fluctuation is applied).
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 80 employs the “vertical effect type laminated piezoelectric element”, even if the potential difference applied between the comb-shaped electrodes is reduced, the chamber 110 is not affected.
- the force (deformation force, applied pressure) that deforms the upper wall can be increased, and the upper wall can be greatly displaced. As a result, the power consumption of the liquid ejection device 80 can be reduced.
- such a vertical effect type laminated piezoelectric element can be adopted as an element of another embodiment according to the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatuses according to the first to fifth embodiments have one chamber and one liquid introduction passage.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 has two sets each including one chamber and one liquid introduction passage.
- FIGS. 23 and 24 the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 is formed of a metal plate 10 g, 10 Oh, and 10 c, and piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 13 and 14.
- liquid inlet 1 0 — 1 inside and the liquid supply passage 10 0 — 2 a pair of chambers 1 0-8, 1 0-9, a liquid introduction passage 10-10, which communicates the liquid supply passage 10-12 with the chamber 1 10-8, and a liquid supply passage It has a liquid introduction passage section 10-11 that communicates 10-2 with the champers 10-9.
- the liquid inlet 10-1 and the liquid supply passage 10-2 of the liquid ejector 90 are the same as the liquid inlet 10-1 and the liquid supply passage 10-2 of the liquid ejector 10 respectively.
- Liquid inlet 10-1 is provided in metal plate 10c.
- the liquid supply passage 10-2 is defined by an upper surface of the metal plate 10g, a side wall surface forming a through hole provided in the metal plate 10h, and a lower surface of the metal plate 10c.
- the chamber 10-0-8 has a through hole formed in the metal plate 1Oh at a position separated from the upper surface of the metal plate 10g by a predetermined distance in the positive X-axis direction with respect to the liquid supply passage 10-2. This is a space defined by the side wall surface to be formed and the lower surface of the metal plate 10c.
- the plane shape of the chamber 10-8 is a substantially rectangular shape having a short side KA and a long side KB along the Y axis and the X axis, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- the length of the short side K A is approximately half the length of the bottom side T of the liquid supply channel 10-12.
- the position of the pair of short sides K A is located on the Y axis negative direction side from the center of the base T.
- the metal plate 10 g which is one wall (lower wall) that composes chamber 1 10 — 8
- the liquid injection holes 10-8a are cylindrical spaces similar to the liquid injection holes 10-3a.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 10-8a are arranged in a square grid like the liquid injection holes 1.0-3a.
- the metal in the chamber 1 0-9 is located at a position separated from the upper surface of the metal plate 10 g by a predetermined distance in the positive X-axis direction with respect to the liquid supply passage 10-2 This is a space defined by a side wall surface forming a through hole provided in plate 1 Oh and a lower surface of metal plate 10c.
- the chambers 10-9 have the same shape as the chambers 10-8.
- the position of the pair of short sides KA of the chamber 10-10 is located on the Y axis positive direction side from the center of the bottom T of the liquid supply passage 10-12.
- the chamber 10-9 is formed so as to be axially symmetric with the chamber 10-8 with respect to a center axis parallel to the X axis passing through the center of the side along the Y axis of the liquid ejecting apparatus 90.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-10 are formed parallel to each other and at predetermined intervals in the Z-axis direction, similarly to the liquid introduction passages 10-6 provided in the liquid ejection device 60 of the third embodiment. It has multiple slits. That is, the liquid introduction passages 10-10 are formed by a slit defined by the upper surface of the metal plate 10 Oh in the approximately X-axis direction center and the lower surface of the metal plate 10 c, and this slit. Below, a plurality of (here, two) slits formed in the metal plate 10 h are provided.
- the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-10 has a substantially rectangular shape having a short side SJ and a long side LJ along the Y-axis and the X-axis, respectively.
- the length of the short side S J is W 2, which is slightly shorter than the length of the short side K A of the chamber 10-8.
- the long side L J extends in the X-axis direction.
- the starting point of the long side LJ on the negative side of the Y axis of the pair of long sides LJ of the liquid introduction passages 10 0 — 10 coincides with the end of the bottom T of the liquid supply passage 10 0 — 2 on the negative side of the Y axis. ing.
- the starting point of the other long side LJ of the pair of long sides LJ passes through the center of the side along the Y axis of the liquid ejecting device 90, and the liquid is supplied on the Y axis negative direction side with respect to the center axis parallel to the X axis. It is connected to the base T of passage 1 0 — 2.
- the ends of the pair of long sides LJ of the liquid introduction passage portions 10 0 to 10 on the positive side in the X-axis direction are X in the Y-axis direction of the pair of long sides KB of the chambers 10 to 8 in plan view. It is connected to the short side KA on the negative side in the axial direction.
- the cross section of each slit of the liquid introduction passage section 10-10 cut along a plane along the YZ plane is a rectangular shape having a short side length t and a long side length W 2. Has become.
- the liquid introduction passage section 10-11 has the same shape as the liquid introduction passage section 10-10, and the cross section cut along a plane along the YZ plane has a short side of length t and It has a plurality of rectangular slits having long sides of length W2.
- the liquid introduction passage section 1 0 — 11 is axially symmetric with the liquid introduction passage section 10 — 10 about a central axis parallel to the X axis passing through the center of the side along the Y axis of the liquid ejecting device 90. Is formed.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 13 as an actuator is slightly smaller than the chamber 10-8 in plan view, and the metal plate 1 is arranged inside the chamber 10-8 in plan view. It is fixed to the upper surface of 0 c.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 13 is a “lateral effect type laminated piezoelectric element”.
- the upper wall (metal plate 10 c) of the chamber 10-8 is deformed by the operation of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 13, whereby the volume of the champ 10-8 is reduced. .
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 14 serving as an actuator has the same configuration as the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 13.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 14 is fixed to the upper surface of the metal plate 1O ′ c so as to be disposed inside the chamber 10-9 in plan view.
- the upper wall (metal plate 10 c) of the chamber 10-9 is deformed by the operation of the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 14, whereby the volume of the chamber 10-9 is reduced. .
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 includes two sets each including a liquid introduction passage section and a chamber, and the volume of each chamber is changed by a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element. I have. Therefore, when a predetermined amount of liquid is ejected per unit time, the liquid ejecting device 90 can reduce the width of one chamber as compared with the liquid ejecting device having one chamber, thereby improving the rigidity of the same chamber. it can. Accordingly, since the resonance frequency of the liquid ejecting device 90 increases, the frequency of the piezoelectric element driving voltage signal DV of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 14 can be increased. As a result, the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 can eject finer droplets.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 includes a plurality of slits formed at predetermined distances in the Z-axis direction, the liquid supply passages 10-2, the chambers 10-8, and the chambers 1-8 are provided. It is possible to form a liquid flow in a portion where bubbles in 10-10 are likely to stay. Therefore, the discharge of bubbles is promoted, and the liquid can be ejected in a stable state.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 100 according to the seventh embodiment includes a liquid introducing passage section 10 — 10 and a liquid introducing passage section 10 — of the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 according to the sixth embodiment. It differs from the same liquid ejector 90 only in that it is replaced with 12 and 10-13. Therefore, the following description will be made with reference to FIGS. 25 to 27, focusing on such differences.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-12 have a plurality of (two in this case) slits, like the liquid introduction passages 10-10, and all the slits are in the YZ plane.
- Cross section cut along a plane along the Z axis and Y axis It has a rectangular shape having a short side and a long side in each direction. However, those slits differ in their thickness (slit width, length in the Z-axis direction).
- the lengths of the short side and long side of the rectangular cross section of the slit below the Z axis are, as shown in Fig. 25 and Fig. 26, the distance t2 (> t1), respectively.
- W2 the distance W2.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-12 and 10-13 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 100 include a plurality of slits (thin-plate-shaped hollow spaces), and the plurality of slits are parallel to each other. And in a direction (Z-axis direction) perpendicular to the plane of the slit (the XY plane which is the plane of the thin plate).
- a direction (Z-axis direction) perpendicular to the plane of the slit the XY plane which is the plane of the thin plate.
- at least two of the plurality of slits of the liquid introduction passage sections 10 — 12 and 10 — 13 are mutually separated by the width of the slit (the liquid flow of the slit).
- the length of the short side of the rectangle, which is the cross-sectional shape of the plane perpendicular to the direction (YZ plane) is different (t 1 ⁇ t 2).
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 100 has the liquid introduction passages 10 0 to 12 and 10 0 to 13 which can pass a larger amount of liquid while exhibiting a high flow path resistance. A large amount of liquid can be ejected while being atomized.
- the liquid ejecting device 100 has slits of different widths, a desired liquid flow is formed in the champers 10-8 and 10-9 to more effectively generate bubbles. Can be discharged. As a result, the liquid ejecting apparatus 100 can perform liquid ejection in a stable state.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 110 according to the eighth embodiment has the same configuration as the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 according to the sixth embodiment except that the liquid ejecting apparatus 90 passes through the center axis parallel to the X axis passing through the center of the side along the Y axis. It has a shape where it is divided into two parallel planes, and the divided parts are joined by being inclined so as to have an angle a with respect to the XY plane.
- the liquid ejecting hole 10-0-8a is provided on the lower wall of the chamber 10-10-8, and the liquid ejecting hole 10-0-9a is provided below the chamber 10-0-9.
- the lower walls of members 10-8 and 10-9 are formed on two intersecting planes.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 110 can eject the liquid from each of the chambers 10-8 and 10-9 in a target direction.
- the hollow space of the liquid introduction passage is formed as a hollow thin plate-shaped slit, a large amount of liquid can be supplied. It can be introduced inside the chamber.
- the flow resistance of the liquid introduction passage portion is increased, the pressure fluctuation due to the change in volume of the chamber is reliably transmitted to the droplet to be ejected. As a result, it is possible to spray the liquid while surely atomizing the liquid.
- the hollow space (slit) of the liquid introduction passage section is a plane (YZ plane) orthogonal to the flow direction (flow direction, X-axis direction) of the liquid flowing through the hollow space.
- the cross section along the line is substantially rectangular. This makes it possible to show a large flow resistance by shortening the short side of the rectangle ... It becomes possible to let the liquid flow. Further, since it is not necessary to form a fine hole in the metal plate to form the liquid introduction passage, the liquid ejecting apparatus can be easily manufactured. Further, in each of the above embodiments, since the metal plate 10c constituting the upper wall of the chamber 1 also serves as the upper wall of the slit of the liquid introduction passage, the number of parts can be reduced. .
- the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion has a rectangular shape in a plan view (for example, see FIG. 3), and a pair of opposing sides (for example, sides SI and SI) of the rectangle have a liquid flow path.
- Parallel to the direction (X-axis direction), and a plurality of liquid injection holes (for example, the liquid injection holes 10 to 3a of the liquid injection device 10) are parallel to the flow direction of the liquid in the same plan view.
- a straight line obtained by virtually extending a pair of sides. Inside a region defined by (IML 1, IML 2) (the positive side of the virtual line IML 1 in the Y-axis direction and the virtual line IML 2 (Y-axis negative direction side).
- the liquid can reach each liquid injection hole (for example, 10-3a) while having almost the same pressure, and the flow velocity in each liquid injection hole becomes substantially equal to each other.
- the liquid ejecting speed from each liquid ejecting hole becomes substantially the same, so that the particle diameter of the liquid droplet ejected from each liquid ejecting hole can be made substantially uniform.
- the liquid introduction passages (10-0, 6-10, 7, 10-10, 10-10) of the liquid injection devices 60, 70, 90, and 100 described above.
- 1 1, 1 0-1 2 and 1 0-1 3) have a plurality of slits, which are thin, hollow spaces, and the plurality of slits are parallel to each other and They are arranged in multiple layers in the direction (Z-axis direction) perpendicular to the plane (the plate surface of the thin hollow space). Further, in the liquid introduction passage sections 10-12 and 10-13, at least two slits of the plurality of slits are mutually connected to the width of the slits (length in the Z-axis direction). ) Are different.
- a liquid introduction passage portion capable of allowing a larger amount of liquid to pass while exhibiting a high flow path resistance is provided with a simple configuration.
- discharge of bubbles is promoted.
- these liquid ejecting apparatuses can perform liquid ejection in a stable state.
- the liquid ejecting apparatuses 9 include a plurality of sets (two sets) each including a chamber and a liquid introduction passage portion.
- these liquid ejecting apparatuses can provide a liquid ejecting apparatus (for example, a liquid ejecting apparatus 10) having only one set including a chamber and a liquid introduction passage.
- the liquid introduction passage can be divided into a plurality of parts, so that the mechanical strength of the liquid introduction passage can be improved, and the durability can be improved.
- the chamber 1 includes a metal thin plate 10 c on a part of a wall surface (provided as an upper wall of a chamber) and a piezoelectric Z electrostriction on the thin plate 10 c.
- the elements 11 to 14 are fixed, and a thin plate 10 c of the same metal is used as a slit for the liquid introduction passage (10—4 to 10—7, 10—10 to 10—13). (Hollow space). That is, the metal plate 10c constitutes one wall (upper wall) of the slit.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 11 to 14 not only the upper wall of the chamber 1 but also the wall constituting the slit of the liquid introduction passage can be deformed, and the passage of the slit can be deformed.
- the cross-sectional area can be changed. Therefore, when the volume of the chamber is reduced (when the liquid in the chamber is pressurized), the passage cross-sectional area of the liquid introduction passage is increased. (And the cross-sectional area of the slit decreases as the volume of the chamber increases). With this design, the liquid is pressurized also in the liquid introduction passage at a timing delayed from the single pressurization by the chamber.
- the opening area of the connection portion between the liquid introduction passage portion and the chamber 1 is reduced in synchronization with the pressurizing operation in the chamber by the piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 11 to 14. According to this, the pressure increase in the chamber 1 can be increased, so that even if the deformation amount of the chamber 1 due to the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 11 to 14 is small, the liquid can be atomized. . Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of electric power applied to the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus includes a pressurizing means (pressurizing pump 21) for pressurizing the liquid, and an electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24.
- pressurizing pump 21 for pressurizing the liquid
- an electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24 for pressurizing the liquid
- the pressurized liquid supplied from the pressurizing means 21 when the liquid passage 24 b therein is opened is supplied to the liquid supply passage (10-2) through the liquid passage 24b. It is as follows.
- the liquid further flows through the liquid introduction passageway (10-4 to 10-7 110-110-11013) to the chamber (10-3, 10-8, 10-9). ), And is injected through the liquid ejection holes (10-3a, 10-8a, 10-9a, etc.) in the chamber. Therefore, since the pressure required for liquid injection is generated by the pressurizing means 21, the environment of the liquid injection space 31 (e.g., Even if the pressure or temperature fluctuates drastically, the same liquid can be stably injected and supplied as desired fine particles.
- (A) is a liquid injection hole 20 provided in the lowermost metal plate 10 m (lower wall of the chamber 1) constituting a liquid injection device similar to the liquid injection device 10.
- W is a liquid injection hole 20 provided in the lowermost metal plate 10 m (lower wall of the chamber 1) constituting a liquid injection device similar to the liquid injection device 10.
- FIG. 29 is a front view
- FIG. 29 (B) is a cross-sectional view of the same metal plate 10 m cut along a plane along the line 17-17 of FIG. 29 (A).
- the liquid ejection hole 200 is a slender, substantially rectangular slit 201 in a front view.
- this slit 201 the length W i d of the short side of the rectangular shape of the slit 201 in the front view is reduced at every predetermined interval dis along the long side of the rectangular shape.
- the slit 201 is a rectangle having a predetermined interval dis on one side, and a rectangle 201 a having corners formed in an arc shape extends in a direction along the long side of the slit 201.
- the shape is continuously formed without any gaps. '
- the slit 201 has a constricted portion at every predetermined interval dis. Therefore, the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection hole 200 is divided by the constricted portion and ejected in a columnar shape. In addition, the vibration energy applied by the change in the volume of the chamber causes a constricted portion to be generated in each of the columnar liquids, and the liquid is separated at the constricted portions into fine particles.
- the long side of the rectangular shape of the liquid injection hole 200 when viewed from the front is long, for example, even when a long lint-like foreign substance is present in the liquid to be injected, such a liquid injection hole 200 may have such a shape. Foreign matter can be easily discharged. Therefore, clogging of the liquid injection holes can be avoided.
- FIG. (A) of FIG. 30 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and employing the liquid ejecting hole of the second modified example.
- (B) of FIG. 30 is a front view of the liquid ejecting hole 210 obtained by viewing the lowermost metal plate 10n constituting the liquid ejecting apparatus from one side of the chamber.
- (C) of FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate 10 n cut along a plane along the line 18-18 of (B).
- the liquid injection hole 210 is a hollow cylindrical through-hole formed in the metal plate 10n.
- the central axis IL of this through-hole is a straight line (normal line) CL perpendicular to the plane of the metal plate 10n (ie, the outer surface of the lower wall of the chamber 10-3 where the liquid injection holes 210 are formed). (An angle other than 0). Therefore, the liquid to be ejected is ejected while having an angle 3 with respect to the straight line CL.
- all the liquid injection holes 210 are inclined by the same angle (3) with respect to the straight line CL.
- the size of the angle / 3 may be made different for each liquid ejection hole 210.
- the direction of liquid injection from the liquid injection device can be set to any direction. Therefore, for example, even when the angle of attachment of the liquid injection device to the intake pipe 30 is restricted, it is possible to accurately inject the fuel toward the back of the intake valve 32 or the like.
- at least two or more of the liquid injection holes 210 are made different from each other in the above-mentioned angle 3 so that, for example, the spray (the liquid to be injected) is dispersed over a wide range. It is also possible to suppress the droplets that have been atomized in the vicinity of 10 from being recombined in the liquid ejection space 31.
- FIG. 31 is an enlarged sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and employing a liquid ejecting hole according to a third modification.
- B) of FIG. 31 is a front view of the liquid injection hole 220 obtained by viewing the lowermost metal plate 10p constituting the liquid injection device from one side of the champer.
- C) of FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate 10 p cut along a plane along line 19-19 of (B).
- the liquid injection hole 220 is a substantially truncated conical through hole formed in the metal plate 10p.
- the upper opening of the liquid injection hole 220 (the opening existing on the side of the chamber 10-3) 220a is circular and its center is on CL1.
- the lower opening of the liquid injection hole 220 (opening exposed to the liquid injection space) 22 Ob is circular and its center is on CL2.
- the circular diameter of the upper opening 220a is larger than the circular diameter of the lower opening 220b.
- the center C L1 and the center C L2 are separated by a small distance ⁇ d. That is, the liquid injection holes 220 gradually decrease the radius of the circle from the radius of the upper opening 220 a to the radius of the lower opening 22 Ob, and the center of each circle is the upper opening 220 a Has a shape formed by moving from the center of the lower opening 220b to the center of the lower opening 220b.
- the above-mentioned distance ⁇ d may be the same between all the liquid injection holes 210 and may be different from each other at least between the two liquid injection holes 210.
- the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection hole 220 also has a straight line (that is, a straight line perpendicular to the plane of the metal plate 10 (that is, the outer surface of the lower wall of the champ 10-3 in which the liquid ejection hole 220 is formed)).
- a given angle that is not 0 with respect to the normal Is injected in the direction having Therefore, for example, even when the angle of attachment of the liquid ejecting apparatus to the intake pipe 30 is restricted, it is possible to accurately inject the liquid toward the back of the intake valve 32 or the like.
- FIG. (A) of FIG. 32 is an enlarged sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and employing the liquid ejecting hole of the fourth modified example.
- (B) of FIG. 32 is a front view of a liquid ejection hole 230 obtained by viewing the lowermost metal plate 10 q constituting the liquid ejection device from the liquid ejection space side.
- (C) of FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate 10q cut along a plane along the 20-20 line of (B).
- the shape of the liquid injection holes 230 is the same as the shape of the liquid injection holes 10-3a provided in the liquid injection device 10 of the first embodiment. That is, the liquid injection hole 230 is a cylindrical through-hole, and its central axis is the plane of the metal plate 10 q (that is, the center of the chamber 10-3 where the liquid injection hole 230 is formed). It is parallel to a straight line (normal) perpendicular to the outer surface of the lower wall). On the other hand, around the lower opening of the liquid ejection hole 230 (opening exposed to the liquid ejection space) 230a, there is a liquid repellent with poor wettability with the liquid to be ejected (gasoline in this case). Layer 2 31 has been formed.
- the shape of the liquid-repellent layer 2 31 in a front view is an arc shape (crescent shape). Therefore, the liquid wettability of the portion around the lower opening 230a where the liquid-repellent layer 231 is not formed is smaller than the liquid wettability of the portion where the liquid-repellent layer 231 is formed. Is also relatively good. As a result, as shown by the imaginary line in (C) of FIG. 32, the ejected liquid is drawn to the side where the liquid-repellent layer 2 31 does not exist, and the liquid ejected from the liquid-repellent layer 2 3 1 Is injected in a direction having a predetermined angle.
- the shape of the liquid-repellent layer 231 in a front view and the position where the liquid-repellent layer 231 is formed with respect to the lower opening 230a are the same between all the liquid ejection holes 230. And may be different from each other at least between the two liquid ejection holes 230.
- the plurality of liquid ejection holes 230 are provided on the outer surface of the lower wall (metal plate 10Q) of the chamber 110-3 where the plurality of liquid ejection holes 230 are provided.
- a portion having relatively good wettability with the liquid to be injected (the liquid repellent layer 231 is formed) (A part where no liquid is present) and a part having relatively poor wettability (a part where the liquid repellent layer 231 is formed) are provided in an arc shape.
- the direction of the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection device can be adjusted, so that there is a restriction on the mounting angle of the liquid ejection device to the intake pipe 30.
- the shape and position of the liquid-repellent layer 231 for each liquid ejection hole 230 for example, by dispersing the spray (liquid to be ejected) over a wide range, the liquid ejection hole It is also possible to suppress the droplets that are atomized near 230 from being recombined in the liquid ejection space 31.
- FIG. 33 is an enlarged sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and employing the liquid ejecting hole of the fifth modified example.
- (B) of FIG. 33 is a front view of the liquid ejection hole 240 obtained by viewing the lowermost metal plate 10 r constituting the liquid ejection device from the liquid ejection space side.
- (C) of FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate 10 r cut along a plane along the line 21-21 of (B).
- the liquid injection hole 240 is a substantially truncated cone-shaped through hole formed in the metal plate 10r.
- the upper opening of the liquid ejection hole 240 (the opening located on the side of the champer 10-3) 24.0a is circular and its center is on CL3.
- the lower opening of the liquid injection hole 240 (opening exposed to the liquid injection space) 240b is circular and its center is also on CL3. That is, the center (axis) of the upper opening 240a and the lower opening 240b coincides with each other.
- the circular diameter of the upper opening 240a is larger than the circular diameter of the lower opening 240b, and is the maximum diameter dmax of the through hole.
- the circular diameter of the lower opening 240b is the minimum diameter d min of this through hole.
- the liquid injection hole 240 is formed with the liquid injection hole 240.
- the shape cut along a plane perpendicular to an axis parallel to a straight line (normal) perpendicular to the outer surface of the lower wall of the chamber 1 0 — 3 (the plane PL 0 formed by the thin metal plate 10 r) is circular.
- the diameter of the circular shape depends on the direction of the liquid to be ejected through the liquid ejection hole 240 (from the chamber 10-3 to the liquid ejection space along the axis (normal)). That is, from the upper opening 240a to the lower opening 240b), the diameter gradually decreases from the diameter dmax of the upper opening 240a to the diameter dmin of the lower opening 240b. are doing. That is, the liquid injection hole 240 has a shape in which the circular shape on the cut surface is concentrically reduced in accordance with the direction of the liquid to be injected.
- the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection holes 240 formed in this manner is ejected with good straightness in a straight line (normal line) direction orthogonal to the plane PL0 of the metal plate 10r.
- the plurality of droplets D p ejected from the plurality of liquid ejection holes 240 are formed on the surface PL 0 (in other words, the plurality of lower portions) formed by the metal plate 10 r (the wall on which the liquid ejection holes are formed).
- a plane PL 0) including the plane formed by the opening 240 b is separated from the plane PL 0) by a predetermined distance L 1 and reaches a virtual plane PL 1 which is parallel to the same plane PL 0, the same plane PL 1 in the same virtual plane PL 1 is obtained.
- the relative positions of the plurality of droplets Dp are substantially the same as the relative positions of the plurality of liquid ejection holes 240 in the same plane PL0.
- the plurality of droplets Dp ejected from the plurality of liquid ejection holes 240 are separated from the surface PL0 by a predetermined distance L2 greater than the predetermined distance L1 and are parallel to the surface PL0.
- the relative positions of the plurality of droplets D p in the same virtual plane PL 2 are the same as those of the plurality of liquid ejection holes 240 in the same plane PL 0. It is almost the same as the relative position.
- the liquid ejection holes 240 are formed such that the droplets Dp have the above-described relative positional relationship in the virtual plane PL1 and the virtual plane PL2.
- the droplets atomized by the ejection fly in the liquid ejection space 31 with good rectilinearity in a direction orthogonal to the plane PL0. (In the vicinity of 240) can be suppressed from being recombined with each other.
- FIG. 34 is an enlarged sectional view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 and employing a liquid ejecting hole according to a sixth modification.
- B) of FIG. 34 is a front view of a liquid ejection hole .250 obtained by viewing the lowermost metal plate 10 s constituting the liquid ejection device from the liquid ejection space side.
- C) of FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the metal plate 10 s cut along a plane along the line 22-22 of (B).
- the sixth modified example is different from the fifth modified example only in that a liquid injection hole is formed by adding a straight portion to the liquid injection hole of the fifth modified example.
- the liquid injection holes 250 are formed on the bottom surface (top surface) where the area of the substantially frustoconical space formed in the metal plate 10 s and the area of the frustoconical space are relatively small. This is a through-hole with a shape that adds a cylindrical space with the same diameter as the bottom surface. That is, the upper opening of the liquid injection hole 250
- 250a is circular and its center is on CL4.
- the lower opening of the liquid injection hole 250 (the opening exposed in the liquid injection space) 250b is circular and its center is also on CL4. That is, the center (axis) of the upper opening 250a and the lower opening 250b coincides with each other.
- the diameter of the circular shape of the upper opening 250a is larger than the diameter of the circular shape of the lower opening 250b, and is the maximum diameter dmax of this through hole.
- the circular diameter of the lower opening 250b is the minimum diameter d min of this through hole.
- the liquid injection hole 250 '(through hole) is formed on the outer surface of the lower wall of the chamber 110-3 where the liquid injection hole 250 is formed (the flat surface PL0 formed by the thin metal plate 10s).
- the shape cut along a plane perpendicular to the axis parallel to the straight line (normal) perpendicular to the circle is circular. Then, the diameter of the circular shape follows the direction of the liquid ejected through the liquid ejection hole 250 (through hole) (from the upper opening 250 a to the lower opening 250 along the axis).
- the minimum diameter d min (diameter of a predetermined size) is obtained, and the same minimum diameter d min is maintained from that position to the lower opening 25 Ob.
- the part where this minimum diameter d min is maintained is called the straight part 250 c.
- the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection hole 250 also has a straight line (orthogonal to the plane PL 0 of the metal plate 10 s) because the liquid ejection hole 250 has the straight portion 250 c in particular. Therefore, a plurality of droplets D p ejected from the plurality of liquid ejection holes 250 are formed by the metal plate 10 s (the wall on which the liquid ejection holes are formed).
- the relative positions of the plurality of droplets D p within the same virtual plane PL 1 Is substantially the same as the relative position between the plurality of liquid injection holes 250 in the same plane PL 0.
- the plurality of droplets Dp ejected from the plurality of liquid ejection holes 250 are separated from the surface PL0 by a predetermined distance L2 larger than the predetermined distance L1 and are parallel to the surface PL0.
- the relative positions of the plurality of droplets D p in the same virtual plane PL 2 are the same as those of the plurality of liquid ejection holes 250 in the same plane PL 0. It is almost the same as the relative position.
- the droplets atomized by the ejection fly in the liquid ejection space 31 with good rectilinearity in a direction orthogonal to the plane PL0. (In the vicinity of 250) can be suppressed from being recombined with each other.
- the liquid ejecting device 120 is disposed around the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 11 (in contact with the metal plate 10 c) with respect to the liquid ejecting device 60.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 is different from the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 only in that a portion other than the portion where the liquid is ejected is covered with the resin 11c.
- a liquid ejecting apparatus with high reliability is provided. It should be noted that such a resin coating can be naturally applied to the liquid ejecting apparatuses of the other embodiments described above.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram schematically illustrating FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 described above for explanation.
- the area of the portion where the liquid ejecting holes 10-3 a are formed (the arrangement area of the liquid ejecting holes) is required. It is necessary to increase the number of liquid injection holes 10 — 3a.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 11 directly below the center (center of gravity) on the X-Y plane hereinafter referred to as “piezoelectric / electrostrictive”.
- the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 10-3a located in the vicinity (center) are relatively small, and the particle diameters between the droplets are uniform. It is.
- the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 10-3a located at the periphery where the distance from directly below the center of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element is large have a particle size near the center of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element.
- droplets having a particle size relatively larger than the droplets are included. Tend to do so.
- the liquid is injected from the liquid injection hole 10-3a located immediately below the center of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element.
- the size of the droplets was about 30 to 40 m, and the particle size between the droplets was uniform.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejection hole 10 — 3a located at the outermost (endmost) is about 30 to 90 / X m, The diameter was uneven.
- the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 10-3a located in the peripheral portion contained both large and small droplets.
- the liquid ejection device 130 shown in FIG. 37 is a device that can address such a problem. More specifically, the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 only in that the metal plate 10a of the liquid ejecting apparatus 10 is replaced with a metal plate 131. Therefore, the following description focuses on these differences.
- the material of the metal plates 10a, 10b, and 131 is stainless steel (SUS304 or SUS316) in this example.
- the metal plate 10c is extremely thin and forms a (deformable) diaphragm that can be easily deformed and restored.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 13a provided in the metal plate 131, as shown in FIG. 3, are arranged in a substantially square lattice shape in plan view. That is, each center point of the plurality of liquid injection holes 1311a is defined by a plurality of lines parallel to the X axis arranged at a fixed distance and a plurality of Y lines arranged at the same fixed distance. Coincides with the intersection with a line parallel to the axis.
- liquid injection hole and “liquid injection nozzle” are used to refer to the direction of flow in order to convert the pressure or heat energy of the fluid into kinetic energy to accelerate the flow. Not only the liquid jet flow path with a changed cross-sectional area but also the hollow cylindrical shape provided on the wall that forms the chamber 130-3 like the liquid jet hole 13a. It is used as a term including a liquid injection through hole (that is, a flow path whose cross-sectional area does not change in the flow direction).
- each axis of the plurality of liquid injection holes 13a has components in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
- the component in the Y-axis direction of each axis of the plurality of liquid injection holes 1 3 1 a has a positive value that increases toward the Y-axis positive end of chamber 1-3. It becomes a negative value with a larger absolute value toward the negative end of the chamber 1 3 0-3 in the Y-axis negative direction. That is, the liquid injection holes 13a are radially formed.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 1 3 1 a are formed on the wall (the metal plate 13 1 1, which is the lower wall of the chamber 1 3 0 — 3) on which the plurality of liquid injection holes are formed.
- the distance from The axial direction is determined so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the liquid ejecting holes 13a at approximately the same time becomes large. Therefore, since the distance between the droplets increases with the flight of the droplets, it is possible to reduce the frequency of adjacent or adjacent droplets being combined in space. As a result, a large number of droplets having a fine and uniform particle size can be ejected.
- the metal plate 13 1 is also called a liquid injection hole forming wall or a liquid injection nozzle forming wall.
- each axis of the plurality of liquid injection holes 13a may have components in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 13a have a positive value such that the component in the X-axis direction of each axis becomes larger toward the X-axis positive end of the chamber 130-3, and the It is preferably formed such that the negative value of the absolute value increases toward the negative end of the X-axis of 130-3.
- the figure arranged on the left side is a plan view of each metal plate or the metal body after bonding
- the figure arranged on the right side is the metal plate on the left side of each figure or the metal body after bonding. It is sectional drawing cut
- Step 1 As shown in (1) of Fig. 38, a through-hole corresponding to the liquid inlet 10-1 is formed in an extremely thin metal plate by punching, laser processing, or the like. Thus, a metal plate 10 c is obtained.
- Step 2 As shown in Fig. 38 (2), prepare a slightly thick metal plate, and attach the side walls of the liquid supply passage 10-2 and the side walls of the chamber 130-3 to the metal plate.
- the through holes PH1 and the through holes PH2 for forming the holes are formed by metal etching.
- a portion of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4 serving as the lower wall SW of the slit is formed by half-etching the metal plate (obtaining a groove having a predetermined depth t by etching). Thereby, a metal plate 10b is obtained.
- Step 3 As shown in (3) of Fig. 38, prepare a metal plate having a middle thickness between the metal plates shown in (1) and (2) of Fig. 38, and attach it to the metal plate.
- a through hole serving as the liquid injection hole 13 1 a is formed at a predetermined position by laser processing.
- a laser processing device and a stage Stg are used.
- the laser processing equipment converts the laser beam LB into water.
- This is a device that can form a workpiece on a workpiece.
- the stage Stg is provided with a mechanism capable of vertically moving the object to be processed arranged on the upper surface thereof and changing the angle of the object to be processed.
- a thin metal plate (a flat plate serving as a through-hole forming wall) serving as the metal plate 13 1 is placed and held on the stage Stg.
- the plate is tilted by the stage Stg so that the normal of the plate surface to become the metal plate 13 1 is in a direction different from the above-mentioned fixed direction, and the laser beam LB is focused and drilled.
- the stage Stg is moved up and down to change the distance D p so that the positions match, and some of the through holes are formed in the same plate.
- the metal plate 13 is placed on the stage Stg so that the normal to the plate surface of the plate becomes the same direction as the above-mentioned fixed direction, and the focal point and the hole of the laser beam LB are set.
- the stage Stg is moved up and down to change the distance D p so that the processing positions match, and another part of the plurality of through holes is formed in the same plate.
- a metal plate 13 1 to be a wall for forming a through hole is obtained.
- Step 4 The metal plates 131, 1Ob and 10c thus formed are laminated in this order, and they are joined to each other by metal diffusion bonding (or bonding using an organic adhesive or an inorganic adhesive). Get the conjugate.
- Step 5 On the other hand, a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is formed by alternately stacking piezoelectric / electrostrictive films and electrode films. Then, the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 is fixed on the metal plate 10 c of the joined body by bonding. Thus, the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 is manufactured.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 13 having the through-hole forming wall having a through-hole having an axial direction inclined with respect to the normal of the plate surface of the through-hole forming wall so that the distance of the through-hole increases. 0 can be easily manufactured.
- a laser processing device was used.
- a device for forming holes by electron beam a device for forming holes by drilling, and a device for forming holes by electric discharge machining, etc.
- another processing device that can form a hole having an axis in a fixed direction (a fixed direction, for example, a vertical direction) incident on a horizontal plane at a predetermined angle. .
- the second manufacturing method differs from the first manufacturing method only in that step 3A described below is employed instead of step 3 of the first manufacturing method. Therefore, the following description focuses on this difference.
- Step 3 A First, as shown in (1) of FIG. 40, the cross-sectional shape of a thin metal plate (a flat plate forming a through-hole forming wall) that later becomes a metal plate 13 1 is formed. Bending is performed so as to form an approximately convex arc.
- a laser beam is applied to the bent plate body from outside the arc using a laser processing device.
- a plurality of through holes Th having an axis parallel to the normal line of the plane formed by the plate at the approximate center of the bent plate are formed at predetermined intervals in the plate. .
- the plate body in which the plurality of through holes Th are formed is processed into a flat plate shape.
- a metal plate 13 1 having a plurality of liquid injection holes 13 1 a formed radially is obtained.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 is manufactured by the same steps as in the first manufacturing method.
- This third manufacturing method differs from the first manufacturing method only in that step 3B described below is employed instead of step 3 of the first manufacturing method. Therefore, the following description focuses on this difference.
- Step 3B First, as shown in (1) of FIG. 41, the cross-sectional shape of a thin metal plate (a flat plate forming a through-hole forming wall) that later becomes the metal plate 13 1 is formed. Bending is performed so as to form a downwardly convex substantially circular arc.
- a laser is applied to the bent plate from the inside of the arc using a laser processing device.
- a plurality of through holes Th having an axis parallel to the normal line of the plane formed by the plate at the approximate center of the bent plate are formed at predetermined intervals in the plate. I do.
- a metal plate 13 1 in which 13 a is formed radially is obtained. Otherwise, the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 is manufactured by the same steps as in the first manufacturing method. Next, conditions and results of an experiment performed for confirming the effect of the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 will be described. For comparison, the axes of the liquid injection holes 13a of the liquid injection device 130 are all parallel to the Z-axis (the lower surface of the metal plate 131, which is the wall on which the liquid injection nozzle is formed). A similar experiment was performed for an apparatus having a direction parallel to the orthogonal direction (hereinafter, referred to as a “comparative example”).
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole was ⁇ 30 ⁇ m.
- the size of the chamber was 2 x 6 mm and the thickness was 0.2 mm.
- the thickness of the diaphragm (wall facing the liquid injection holes, metal plate 10c) was 0.01 mm.
- the thickness of the liquid injection hole forming wall was 0.03 mm.
- the thickness (width) t of the slit of the liquid introduction passages 10-4 is 0.03 mm, the length in the Y-axis direction W is 5.8 m 1TK, and the length in the X-axis direction is 2 mm.
- the size of the piezoelectric element was 1.8 ⁇ 5.8 mm.
- the frequency of the voltage signal for driving the piezoelectric element was 70 kHz, the maximum voltage was 12 V, and the waveform was a square wave.
- the liquid used was measured as a dry belt to measure the diameter of the ejected droplets.
- FIG. 42 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the outer surface of the liquid jet nozzle forming wall (metal plate 13 1) and the average value of the measured droplet diameter.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the device of the comparative example increases as the distance from the outer surface of the liquid ejection hole forming wall increases. This is because the ejected droplets recombine in the liquid ejection space.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 according to the present invention is almost increased even when the distance from the outer surface of the liquid ejecting hole forming wall is increased. Absent. From this, the present invention can reduce the frequency of recombination of the ejected droplets in the liquid ejection space because the distance between ejected droplets increases with flight, and as a result, However, it was confirmed that the method was extremely effective in keeping the diameter of the droplet small.
- FIG. 43 is a graph showing a distribution of diameters of droplets ejected from a liquid ejection nozzle formed near the center of the chamber.
- FIG. 44 is a graph showing a distribution of diameters of droplets ejected from a liquid ejecting nozzle formed in a peripheral portion of one chamber.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle formed near the center of the chamber is between the comparative example and the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 according to the present invention. No remarkable difference was observed.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle formed on the periphery of the chamber 1 is determined by the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 according to the present invention.
- the diameter of the ejected droplet was smaller than the diameter of the ejected droplet according to the comparative example.
- the variation in the diameter of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 was smaller than the variation in the diameter of the droplet ejected from the comparative example.
- the sound source (piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 as a pressure fluctuation generating source) is not a surface sound source but can be simulated as a point sound source.
- the liquid injection holes 13a located immediately below the center of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 (substantially immediately below the center of the champ 13-3), the liquid injection holes 13a according to the comparative example and the present invention were used.
- the traveling direction of the sound wave coincides with the central axis of the liquid ejection hole 131a.
- the traveling direction of the sound wave and the central axis of the liquid ejection hole of the comparative example are not I do not do. Therefore, in the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 45, a shadow sd in the traveling direction of the sound wave is generated inside the liquid injection holes 10-3a. As a result, the progress of the sound wave is hindered, and the vibration is weakened (the amplitude is reduced) in the liquid ejecting holes 10-3a, so that the diameter of the liquid droplets is increased and variation occurs.
- the central axis IL of the liquid ejecting hole 13 1a located immediately below the center of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 is provided. Is substantially perpendicular to the lower surface (and the upper surface parallel to the lower surface) of the metal plate 13 1.
- the central axis IL of the other liquid injection holes 13a is larger as the distance between the position directly below the center of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 and the liquid injection holes 13a becomes larger. It is greatly inclined with respect to the lower surface of 3 1.
- the point of intersection of the line parallel to the Z-axis passing through the center of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 in the X-Y plane and the lower surface (or upper surface) of the metal plate 13 1 is defined as the “directly lower point”.
- the angle a between the central axis IL of the liquid injection hole 13 la and the normal to the lower surface of the metal plate 13 1 (that is, the Z axis) is defined by the liquid injection hole 13 1 a Therefore, it is estimated that the liquid jet holes 13a are formed radially, so that the traveling direction of the sound wave generated by the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 11 is estimated.
- each liquid injection hole 1 3 1a becomes smaller, so that the above-mentioned shadow sd becomes smaller, and therefore, vibration of large amplitude over the entire inside of each liquid injection hole 1 3 1a Is transmitted.
- the droplet diameters of the droplets ejected from all the liquid ejection holes 13a are small and uniform.
- FIG. 47 shows, similarly to Fig. 4, the chamber and its vicinity where the liquid ejecting device 140 has been cut along a plane along the X-Z plane passing through the center of the liquid ejecting device 140 in the Y-axis direction.
- FIG. FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane along the Y-Z plane passing through the chamber 141 of the liquid ejecting device 140 as in FIG. is there.
- the liquid ejecting device 140 includes a thin metal plate 14 1 instead of the metal plate 13 1 constituting the liquid ejecting device 130 according to the above-described other embodiment of the present invention, and a metal plate 10 b.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 is different from the liquid ejecting apparatus 130 only in that it comprises a metal plate 10c and a different chamber 1 14 1-5 from the chamber 1 3 0-3. Therefore, the following description focuses on these differences.
- the metal plate 141 has a curved shape protruding toward the external space (in the negative direction of the Z axis).
- the vertex of this curved surface is a position substantially opposed to the center (centroid) of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 on the X-Y plane.
- the upper and lower surfaces of the metal plate 141 where the liquid injection holes 141a are formed are aligned with the Z-axis passing through the center of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 in the XY plane.
- a point on a parallel line and closer to the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 than the metal plate 10 c (hereinafter referred to as “virtual point”) is parallel to the surface of the sphere. Is preferred. Also, the virtual point is
- the position of the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 substantially coincides with the position of the sound source when the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is regarded as a pseudo point sound source.
- the metal plate 1411 has a plurality of liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) 1411a.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 1 4 1 to 5 a are arranged in a matrix (square lattice).
- Each of the liquid injection holes 1 4 1 1 5 a is a cylindrical space having a diameter of d.
- each axis line IL substantially coincides with the normal direction of the plate surface of the metal plate 14 1.
- the central axis I L of the liquid injection holes 14 1-5 a is orthogonal to the lower surface (and upper surface) of the metal plate 14 1.
- the central axis IL of the liquid injection hole 14 1-5 a located immediately below the center of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 is parallel to the Z axis.
- the central axis IL of the other liquid injection holes 1 4 1 1 5a is such that as the distance between the liquid injection hole 1 4 1-5a and the lower portion directly below the center of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11 becomes larger, It is greatly inclined with respect to the Z axis.
- wear In the plane passing through the central axis IL of the liquid injection hole 1 4 1 — 5a to be observed and the point immediately below defined above, the angle a between the central axis IL and the Z axis is the liquid injection hole 1 4 1 of interest. The larger the distance between one 5a and the point directly below, the larger it becomes.
- the liquid injection holes 14 1 15 a are formed radially. That is, as the distance from the wall (metal plate 14 1) on which the plurality of liquid injection holes 14 1-15 a is formed increases, the plurality of liquid injection holes 14 1-5 a The axial direction is determined so that the distance between droplets ejected substantially simultaneously from the liquid ejection holes 1 4 1 1 5 a increases.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 includes a first frame (metal plate 10 b) having a first through window (101) formed by a wall having a first thickness, a liquid ejecting nozzle 1.
- a through-hole forming wall (metal plate 14 1) comprising a flat plate having a plurality of through holes as 0-5 a and arranged so as to close the lower surface of the first imperfect window (101);
- a chamber (14 1-5) composed of a through-hole facing wall (metal plate 10 c) disposed so as to close the upper surface of the first through window (101); and the through-hole facing wall (A metal plate 10 c) and the application of pressure waves to the liquid in the champer (14 1-5) and the reduction of the volume of the chamber or chamber (14 1-5).
- the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 1 for injecting the liquid in the same chamber 1 (141-5) into the external space through the through hole (141-4a) while atomizing the liquid is formed.
- the first through window 101 is substantially rectangular in plan view.
- Step 1 As shown in (1) of Fig. 38, a through hole corresponding to the liquid inlet 10-1 is formed in an extremely thin metal plate by punching, laser processing, or the like. Thus, a metal plate 10 c is obtained.
- Step 2 As shown in Fig. 38 (2), prepare a slightly thick metal plate, and put the side walls of the liquid supply passages 10-2 and the side walls of the chambers 14 1-5 on the metal plate. A through hole PH1 and a prize through hole PH2 for forming a hole are formed by metal etching. In addition, a portion of the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4 to be the lower wall SW is formed by subjecting the metal plate to Hanif etching (obtaining a groove having a predetermined depth t by etching). Thereby, the metal plate 10b functioning as the first frame is obtained.
- Step 3 In the same way as shown in (3) of Fig. 38, prepare a metal plate having an intermediate thickness between the metal plates shown in (1) and (2) of Fig. 38, and attach it to the metal plate.
- a through hole which will later become the liquid injection hole 14 1 15 a is formed at a predetermined position by laser processing or the like.
- This metal plate is shown as metal plate 141 'in FIG.
- the metal plate 141 ' is a flat plate that will later become the metal plate 141, which is the wall on which the liquid jet nozzle is formed.
- Each axis of the formed through-hole is orthogonal to the plate surface of the metal plate 141 '(coincides with the normal direction of the plate surface of the metal plate 141').
- Step 4 A second through-hole 102, which is larger than the first through-hole 101 and smaller than the outer periphery of the first frame (metal plate 10b), is formed on the thin metal plate, and the second frame is formed.
- Obtain a metal plate 10e (see Fig. 49).
- the shape of the second through window 102 in plan view is substantially rectangular.
- the outer peripheral shape of the metal plate 10e matches the outer peripheral shape of the metal plate 10b.
- Step 5 As shown in (1) of FIG. 49, the metal plates 10 e, 14 1 ′, 10 b, and 10 c are laminated in the Z-axis direction in order from the bottom to obtain a laminate.
- the metal plate 14 1 ′ is placed between the lower surface of the metal plate 1 Ob as the first frame and the upper surface of the metal plate 10 e as the second frame in a plan view.
- the first through window 101 is sandwiched so as to be inside the second through window 102.
- Step 6 Next, as shown in (2) of FIG. 49, a pressure is applied to the laminate in the Z-axis direction at a high temperature, whereby the upper surface of the metal plate 14 1 ′ and the metal plate 10 10 While diffusion bonding is performed with the lower surface of b, diffusion bonding is performed on the lower surface of the metal plate 141 ′ and the upper surface of the metal plate 100e.
- the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame (metal plate 10b)
- the outer peripheral portion is supported by the upper surface of the wall of the second frame (metal plate 10 e) via a flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′).
- the inner peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame (metal plate 1 Ob) has the first through window 101 smaller than the second through window 102. It is not supported by the upper surface of the wall of the metal plate 10 e).
- the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) is curved so as to swell into the second through window 102, as shown in (3) of FIG. 49.
- the mutually parallel through-holes Th formed in the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) are inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, and extend from the through-hole forming wall (metal plate 144 1).
- the droplets are easily oriented so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases.
- Step 7 The piezoelectric Z electrostrictive film and the electrode film are alternately laminated to form the piezoelectric electrostrictive element 11. Then, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is fixed on the metal plate 10c by bonding. As described above, the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 is manufactured. However, the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 includes a metal plate 100 e on the lower surface of the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 shown in FIGS. 47 and 48.
- metal plates 10 c .. 10 b, 14 1, and a metal plate 10 e are obtained by the same process as Step 1 to Step 4 in the first manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus 140.
- Step 5 As shown in (1) in Fig. 49, metal plates 10e, 141 ', 10b, 10c are laminated in the Z-axis direction from the bottom, and these are put together. A bonded body is obtained by bonding. At this point, the metal plate 14 1 ′ is placed between the lower surface of the metal plate 10 b as the first frame and the upper surface of the metal plate 10 e as the second frame in a plan view. In the above, the first through window 101 is sandwiched so as to be inside the second through window 102.
- Step 6 Next, as shown in (2) of FIG. 49, a pressing step of applying pressure to the joined body in the Z-axis direction is performed.
- the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame (metal plate 10b) is connected to the wall of the second frame (metal plate 10e) via a flat plate (metal plate 14 1 '). Supported by the upper surface.
- the inner peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the wall of the first frame (metal plate 10b) has the second through-hole 101 because the first through-hole 101 is smaller than the second through-hole 102. (Metal plate 10e) supported by the upper surface of the wall Absent.
- the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) is curved so as to swell into the second through window 102, as shown in (3) of FIG. 49.
- the through holes Th formed in the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) and parallel to each other are inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, and the through holes Th formed from the through hole forming wall (metal plate 14 1).
- the direction can be easily adjusted so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes substantially simultaneously increases.
- Step 7 On the other hand, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive film and the electrode film are alternately laminated to form the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11. Then, the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 is fixed on the metal plate 10c by bonding. As described above, the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 is manufactured. However, the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 includes a metal plate 10e on the lower surface of the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 shown in FIG.
- the lower surface of the metal plate 100 (: and the upper surface of the wall of the first frame (metal plate 10b), the first frame (metal plate 10 b)
- the lower surface of the wall and the upper surface of the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′), the lower surface of the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) and the upper surface of the second frame (metal plate 10 e) It may be before or after the above-described pressing step.
- the metal plates 10c, 10b, and 141 ' are obtained by the same process as Step 1 to Step 3 in the first manufacturing method of the liquid ejecting apparatus 140.
- Step 5 As shown in (1) in Fig. 50, the metal plates 14 1 ', 10b, and 10c are laminated in the Z-axis direction from the bottom, and these are bonded or bonded to each other. Get the body.
- Step 6 Next, as shown in (2) of FIG. 50, a mask M S made of resin is formed on the lower surface of the flat plate (metal plate 14 1 ′) in which the through hole Th is formed.
- the mask MS is formed so as to have a window (third window) 103 smaller than the first through window 101 in plan view. More specifically, the third window portion has a shape in which each side is disposed inside the first through window 101 by a distance t1 from each side of the first through window 101.
- Step 7 Then, strike the sand against the lower surface of the metal plate 1 4 1 '.
- a shot peening process (sand blast in this example) is performed.
- the metal plate 141 ' is curved so as to bulge into the third window 103 formed by the mask MS.
- the parallel through holes Th formed in the metal plate 14 1 ′ are inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction, and the distance from the through hole formation wall (metal plate 14 ′ 1) is large. The direction is easily adjusted so that the distance between the droplets ejected from the plurality of through holes at substantially the same time increases.
- Step 8 Next, the mask M S is removed.
- Step 9 On the other hand, a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 11 is formed by alternately stacking piezoelectric / electrostrictive films and electrode films. Then, the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive element 11 is fixed on the metal plate 10c by bonding. As described above, the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 is manufactured.
- the diameter of the ejected droplet is made smaller, and The droplets do not recombine with each other, and the diameter of the droplets can be maintained in a minute state. Further, according to the manufacturing method of each embodiment described above, the liquid ejecting apparatus of each embodiment can be manufactured by a simple method. '
- the chamber 1 and the liquid ejection holes By combining the liquid ejection device 130 and the liquid ejection device 140, as the distance from the liquid ejection hole forming wall increases, the plurality of liquid ejection holes can be
- the liquid ejecting apparatus may be configured such that the axial direction of the liquid ejecting hole is determined so that the distance between the ejected droplets is increased.
- the liquid ejection hole forming wall is curved as in the liquid ejection device 140 and a plurality of liquid ejection holes formed in the liquid ejection hole formation wall as in the liquid ejection device 130.
- the angle between each axis of the liquid injection hole and the normal of the wall of the liquid injection hole increases as the position approaches the periphery of the chamber, so that the droplets are jetted radially at a wider angle. It may be formed.
- Such a liquid ejecting apparatus is provided by any one of the first manufacturing method (FIG. 39), the second manufacturing method (FIG. 40), and the third manufacturing method (FIG. 41) of the liquid ejecting apparatus 130.
- Fig. 39 ((3) in Fig. 40 or Fig. 41) (3))
- one of the first and second manufacturing methods of the liquid ejecting apparatus 140 shown in FIG. 49 and the liquid ejecting apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 40 may be combined with the third manufacturing method.
- the liquid flows through the liquid introduction passage section 10-4 in the X-axis direction and is introduced into the chamber 10-3, and the plurality of liquid ejecting holes 10-3a are formed. Injected through.
- the pressure in chamber 10-3 was increased to increase the injection amount per time, it was located near the side wall of chamber 110-3 except for liquid introduction passage 10-4.
- the liquid ejecting holes 1 0 — 3 a (one or more rows of liquid ejecting holes 1 0 — 3 a adjacent to the side wall) have a phenomenon in which the ejection direction of the droplets is inclined inward. Was done.
- FIGS. 51 to 53 are diagrams showing such a phenomenon.
- FIG. 51 is a plan view of a liquid ejecting apparatus similar to the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 according to the third embodiment, similarly to FIG. 13, and
- FIG. 52 is a view taken along the line B 1 —B 1 of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane.
- FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejecting apparatus cut along a plane along the line B 2 -B 2 in FIG.
- FIG. 52 shows that the droplets ejected from the liquid ejecting holes 10a-3a near the X-axis end of chamber 1 10-3 are not only in the negative Z-axis direction but also in the X-axis direction. This indicates that the component has a negative component.
- FIG. 53 shows that the ejection direction of the liquid droplet ejected from the liquid ejection hole 10-3a near the positive end of the Y-axis of the chamber 10-3 is only in the negative direction of the Z-axis.
- the liquid ejecting hole 10 0-3 near the end of the negative direction of the Y axis of the champer 1 0-3 has a component in the negative direction of the Y axis. This indicates that it has a component not only in the direction but also in the Y-axis positive direction.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 400 addresses such a problem.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 400 is different from the liquid ejecting apparatus 6 in that the chamber 1 0 — 3 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 is replaced with a chamber 400 — 3 (a champer in which the arrangement of the liquid ejecting holes is changed). Different from 0. Therefore, the following description focuses on the differences with reference to FIGS. 54 to 57.
- the same components as those of the liquid ejecting apparatus 60 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, in FIG. 56, the liquid introduction passage portions 10 to 4 are omitted. .
- the chamber 400-3 is located at a predetermined distance in the X-axis positive direction from the upper surface of the metal plate 400a in place of the metal plate 100a and the liquid supply passage 10-2. This is a space defined by a side wall surface provided with a through hole provided in 400b and a lower surface of the metal plate 100c.
- the plane shape of the chamber 400-3 is a substantially rectangular shape having long sides and short sides along the Y-axis and the X-axis, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- the length of the long side is the same as the length of the bottom of the liquid supply passage 10-2 and the length of the slit of the liquid introduction passage 10-4 in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the short side of the rectangle extends in the X-axis positive direction from both ends in the Y-axis direction of the slits of the liquid introduction passages 10-4.
- the metal plate 400a which is one wall (lower wall) constituting the chamber 400-3, has a plurality of through-holes formed with liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) 400-3. It is formed as a.
- Each of the liquid injection holes 400-3a is a cylindrical space having an axis in the Z-axis direction and a bottom surface having a diameter d.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting holes 10 0-3 a have a constant in-plane hole density (the number of liquid ejecting holes per unit area, It is simply called the density of the liquid injection holes.)
- the liquid injection device 400 In this case, the plurality of liquid injection holes 400-13a are formed in the vicinity of the remaining three side walls excluding the side wall of the chamber 140-3 adjacent to the liquid introduction passage portion 104. However, they are arranged so that the in-plane pore density is higher than the other parts.
- the in-plane hole density of the liquid injection holes 400 — 3 a is in the vicinity of the side wall 400 — 3 b of the chamber 140 — 3 on the side opposite to the liquid introduction passage section 100 — 4.
- Area near the X-axis positive end of 4 0 — 3) A r 1, a side wall 4 0 — 3 of the chamber 4 0 — 3 including one of a pair of short sides of the chamber 4 0 13 in plan view
- Area near 0-3c area near the positive end of the Y-axis of chamber 400-3) Including Ar2 and another one of the pair of short sides of chamber 400-13 in plan view Region excluding these regions in the region A r 3 (the region near the negative end of the chamber 400-3 in the Y axis direction) near the side wall 400-3 of the chamber 400-3 It is larger than Ar4.
- the distance between the adjacent liquid injection holes 400-3 a is greater than the distance between the liquid injection holes 400-13 a in the region Ar 4.
- the in-plane hole density of the liquid injection holes 400-3a according to the area and arranging the liquid injection holes 400-3a, the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure gradient is reduced. Therefore, the ejection direction of the droplet ejected from the liquid ejection holes 400-3 a arranged in the regions A rl to Ar 3 is parallel to the Z axis. (Direction perpendicular to the lower wall surface), and the diameter of the droplet ejected from these liquid ejection holes can be kept small.
- the more in the liquid flow direction (the closer to the side wall 400-3 b of the chamber 1 and the more the direction of the X-axis), the lower the in-plane hole density of the liquid injection holes 400-3 a. May be larger. Furthermore, the more the liquid flows in the direction perpendicular to the liquid flow direction (closer to the side wall 400-3c of the chamber or the side wall 400-3d of the chamber), the more the liquid injection hole 400-3a The in-plane pore density may be increased.
- the side walls 400-3 c and 400-3 d of the chamber 1 Assuming that the distance is 1, the area A r 2 and the area A r 3 should be in the range of 1/20 to 5 Z 20 from the side wall 400 — 3 c and the side wall 400 — 3 d, respectively. Is preferred.
- the distance between the side wall 400-3 b of the chamber 1 and the liquid injection hole 400-3 a located at the side of the liquid introduction passage 10 0-4 in the chamber 400-3 is defined as 1. Then, it is preferable that the region A rl be in the range of 1 Z 20 to 5 Z 20 from the side wall 400-3b.
- the total number of the liquid injection holes 400-3a existing in the regions Arl to Ar3 is 1.1 to 4.
- a good value is 0.
- FIG. 57 (A) showing the lower wall of chamber 400--3 and the enlarged view of the area near the side wall 400--3b (area Arl) of the lower wall
- the liquid injection holes 400 — 3 a may be arranged so that the in-plane hole density of the liquid injection holes 400 — 3 a increases as the distance approaches 3 d.
- the in-plane hole density has been changed.
- the diameter (or opening area) of the liquid ejecting hole 400-3a is maintained while maintaining the in-plane hole density constant. May be changed. That is, the diameter of the liquid injection hole 400-3 a is set to the side wall 400-3 b near the chamber 400-3 b, the side wall 400-3 b of the chamber 400-3 b.
- the liquid injection hole 40 is.
- the diameter of 0-3a may be gradually increased.
- the liquid injection holes 400-3 The diameter of a may be gradually increased. Further, as the distance from the center of the chamber 400-3 closes to the side wall 400-3b, the side wall 400-3c and the side wall 400-3d, the in-plane hole density gradually increases. At the same time, the diameter of the liquid injection holes 400-1a may be increased gradually. Thus, by increasing the diameter of the liquid injection hole 400-3a located in the peripheral portion of the chamber 400-3, the liquid injection hole 400-3a of the peripheral portion can also be increased. The same effect as increasing the in-plane hole density (the effect of keeping the ejected droplets parallel to the Z axis) can be obtained. Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of such a liquid ejecting apparatus will be described.
- FIGS. 58 to 60 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 410 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 410 has the same structure as that of the liquid ejecting apparatus 400 except that the chamber 400-1 is replaced with a chamber 4100-3 (a chamber having a modified liquid ejecting hole). It is different from the injection device 400. Therefore, the following description focuses on such differences.
- the liquid introduction passages 10-4 are omitted.
- the chamber 1 4 0-3 is a metal plate at a position separated from the upper surface of the metal plate 4 10 a in place of the metal plate 4 0 a by a predetermined distance in the positive X-axis direction with respect to the liquid supply passage 10-2. This is a space defined by the side wall surface forming the through hole provided in 400 b and the lower surface of the metal plate 100 c.
- the metal plate 4100a which is one wall (lower wall) constituting the champer 4 1 0-3, has a plurality of through-holes with liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) 4 1 0-3 It is formed as a 1, 4 10 — 3 a 2 and 4 10 — 3 a 3.
- the liquid injection holes 410-3a1, 410-3a2 and 410-3a3 are cylindrical spaces having an axis in the Z-axis direction.
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole 4 1 0 — 3 a 3 is d 3, which is larger than the diameter d 2 of the liquid injection hole 4 10 _ 3 a 2. That is, d 1 ⁇ d 2 ⁇ d 3.
- the liquid injection holes 4 10-3 a 3 are arranged at the closest positions to the remaining three side walls except for the side wall of the chamber 1 10-3 adjacent to the liquid introduction passage section 10-4. ing. That is, the liquid ejection holes 4 10-3 a 3 are arranged in each row located at both ends in the Y-axis direction of the chamber 410-3 in a plan view and in one row located closest to the X-axis positive direction side. .
- the liquid injection holes 4 1 0 — 3 a 2 are arranged only in the row next to the liquid injection holes 4 10 — 3 a 3.
- the liquid injection holes 4 1 0 — 3 a 1 are arranged in the rest.
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole is the diameter of the liquid injection passage 10
- the larger the closer to 3 d, the larger the liquid ejecting device 4 1 At 0, the diameters (nozzle diameters) d 2 and d 3 of the liquid injection holes in the vicinity (peripheral portion) of the three sides excluding the side where the liquid of the chamber 4 1 0 — 3 flows in plan view are
- the diameter d 1 of the liquid injection hole in the other portion was set.
- the passage area of the peripheral liquid injection holes is made larger than the area of the central liquid injection holes.
- the diameter of the droplet ejected from the peripheral portion of the chamber 4 10 — 3 (that is, from the liquid ejection holes 4 10-3 a 2 and the liquid ejection holes 4 10-3 a 3) becomes
- the diameter of the droplet to be ejected from the center of the chamber 410-3 (that is, from the liquid ejection hole 4110-3a1) becomes larger, the straightness after ejection increases.
- the above-described hydraulic pressure gradient generated in the periphery of the champers 4 10-3 can be reduced. Therefore, the droplets travel in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the chamber 114 (in the Z-axis direction without having components in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction). As a result, it is possible to avoid a sudden increase in the diameter of the droplet after the droplet has been ejected due to recombination of the droplet with another droplet.
- the liquid ejecting device 410 moves in the flow direction (positive X-axis direction) of the liquid introduced into the chamber 141-10 through the liquid introduction passage portion 10-4, It can be said that the liquid ejecting apparatus has a large passage area of the liquid ejecting nozzle (liquid ejecting hole). Further, the liquid ejecting device 410 is arranged in a direction (positive and negative directions on the Y axis) orthogonal to the flow direction of the liquid introduced into the chamber 410-3 via the liquid introducing passage portion 10-4. It can be said that this is a liquid ejecting apparatus in which the passage area of the liquid ejecting nozzle (liquid ejecting hole) is increased as it proceeds.
- FIGS. 61 to 63 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 420 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 4 210 uses a metal plate 4 210 a instead of the metal plate 4 10 a of the liquid ejecting apparatus 4 10, so that the chamber 4 1 0 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 4 10 — 3 differs from the same liquid ejection device 4 10 only in that it is replaced by chamber 1 4 2 0-3. I'm wearing
- the above-described metal plate 4100a was provided with circular liquid injection holes 410-3a2 and 410-3a3 in a peripheral portion in plan view (that is, in cross section).
- the metal plate 420a is located at the peripheral part (side wall 420-3b at the end of the liquid flow direction inside the chamber 420-3) and the chamber 4
- 3a 2 is larger than the major axis and the minor axis.
- liquid injection holes 4 2 0-3 a 2 and 4 0-3 a 2 provided near side wall 4 2 0-3 b
- Each major axis of 4 2 0 — 3 a 3 is along the Y-axis direction.
- the major axes of the liquid injection holes 4 2 0-3 a 2 and 4 20-3 a 3 provided near the side wall 4 2 0 — 3 c and the side wall 4 2 0-3 d are along the X-axis direction. I have.
- the liquid ejection holes 420-2a1 arranged in the center are circular in plan view.
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole 4 2 0-3 a 1 is smaller than the minor axis of the liquid injection hole 4 2 0-3 a 2.
- the diameter of the liquid droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 4 2 0-3 a 2 and 4 2 0-1 a 3 at the peripheral portion is also adjusted from the liquid ejection holes 4 2 0-3 a 1 at the central portion.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ It can be larger than the diameter of the droplet to be emitted. Therefore, the straightness of the liquid droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 42 0-3 a 2 and 420-3 a 3 in the peripheral portion is increased.
- the above-described hydraulic pressure gradient generated around the chamber 420-3 can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to avoid a sudden increase in the diameter of the droplet due to, for example, the droplet being recombined with another droplet after the ejection of the droplet.
- FIGS. 64 to 67 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 430 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting device 430 uses a metal plate 430a instead of the metal plate 430a of the liquid ejecting device 430, so that the liquid ejecting device 430 has a champ 440-2.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 420 differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 420 only in that 3 is replaced by chamber 1 4 13.
- Injection holes 4 3 0-3 al, 4 3 0-3 a 2 and 4 3 0-3 a 3 are formed respectively.
- Each major axis of the provided liquid injection holes 4330-3a2 is along the Y-axis direction.
- Liquid injection holes 4 3 0 — 3 a 3 provided near the side wall 4 3 0-3 b at the end of the chamber 1 4 3 0 1 3 Is along the X-axis direction.
- the major axes of the liquid injection holes 4 3 0-3 a 2 and 4 3 0-3 a 3 provided near the side wall 4 3 0-3 c and the side wall 4 3 0 _ 3 d are along the Y-axis direction. I have.
- the diameter of the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 4 3 0 — 3 a 2 and 4 3 0 1 3 a 3 at the peripheral portion is also adjusted from the liquid ejection holes 4 3 0 1 3 a 1 at the center.
- the diameter can be made larger than the diameter of the droplet to be ejected. Therefore, the straightness of the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 43-0-3a2 and 43-0-3a3 in the peripheral portion is increased. As a result, it is possible to avoid a sudden increase in the diameter of the droplet after the droplet is ejected.
- FIG. 67 to 69 show a liquid ejection apparatus 500 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- Each of the above-described liquid ejecting apparatuses has one liquid supply passage 10-2.
- the liquid ejecting device 500 has two liquid supply passages 500-2 and 500-2. In addition, these two liquid supply passages
- the liquid flows in along the Y-axis direction from 500-2 and 500-1.
- the area that is the end (peripheral part) of the chamber as viewed from the liquid flowing into the chamber can be reduced, so that the direction after the injection is other than the Z-axis direction by being injected from one end of the chamber.
- the amount of the droplet having the directional component can be reduced.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 500 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which each side extends in parallel to X, Y, and Z axes perpendicular to each other.
- Liquid ejector 5 0 As shown in FIG. 68 and FIG. 69, the reference numeral 0 denotes a plurality of metal plates 500 a to 500 c stacked in order and the outer surface of the metal plate 500 c (in the Z-axis positive direction). (A plane along the XY plane) of the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 501 and 502.
- the material of the metal plates 500 a to 500 c is stainless steel (SUS304 or SSUS316) in this example.
- the metal plate 500 c is extremely thin like the metal plate 100 c and forms a (deformable) tire flam that easily deforms and recovers.
- the liquid ejecting device 500 includes a liquid inlet 500 1, a pair of liquid supply passages 500 0 — 2, 500 0 — 2, a channel 500 0 — 3, and a liquid supply passage 500 0 — 2 , 50 0 — 2 and chamber 1 500 — 3 are provided with a liquid introduction passage section 500 — 4, 500 — 4 and a piezoelectric / electrostrictive element 501, 502. ing.
- Liquid inlet 500-1 is a circular through-hole formed in metal plate 500c.
- the liquid inlet 500-1 is provided at the center of the metal plate 500c in the Y-axis direction and near the end of the negative direction in the X-axis.
- the liquid inlet 50 0 — 1 is configured such that the discharge hole 24 e of the electromagnetic open / close discharge valve 24 is connected in a liquid-tight manner by the sleeve 25. (See Figure 4).
- Each of the liquid supply passages 500-2 is defined by an upper surface of the metal plate 500 a, a side wall surface forming a through portion provided in the metal plate 500 b and a lower surface of the metal plate 500 c. Space.
- One of the plane shapes of the liquid supply passages 500-2 (shape viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis) coincides with (overlaps) the semicircle of the liquid inlet 500-1, as shown in Fig. 67.
- the part extends in the positive X-axis direction and the negative Y-axis direction, and then extends in the positive X-axis direction.
- the portion extending in the X-axis positive direction forms a chamber one-facing liquid supply passage part 500-2a.
- the other planar shape of the liquid supply passage 500-2 (shape as viewed from the positive direction of the Z axis) is set with respect to the central axis CL of the liquid ejecting device 500 along the X axis. It is line-symmetric with one planar shape of the liquid supply passage 500-2.
- Chamber 500--3 is defined by the upper surface of metal plate 500a, the side wall surface forming a through hole provided in metal plate 500Ob, and the lower surface of metal plate 500c. Space.
- the plane shape of the chamber 500-3 is substantially rectangular as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of liquid injection holes 500-3a are formed in a metal plate 500a which is one wall (lower wall) constituting the chamber 500-3.
- Each of the liquid injection holes 500-3 a is a cylindrical space having a diameter d at the bottom surface having an axis in the Z-axis direction, similarly to the liquid injection holes 10-3 a.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 500-3 a are formed of a pair of liquid introduction passages 50 arranged in a square lattice on the lower surface of the champer 500-3.
- each of 0 to 4 is a space constituting a thin hollow space (that is, a slit).
- the slit of each liquid introduction passage section 500-4 communicates with the chamber-facing liquid supply passage section 500-2a and the chamber 500-3. Therefore, the liquid passes through the supply passage liquid introduction passage portion 500-4, 500-4 from the chamber one opposed liquid supply passage portion 500-2 a, 500-2 a, and the chamber 1-5. It flows into 0 0-3.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 as an actuator are almost the same as the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 11.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 are fixed to the upper surface of the metal plate 500c above the negative side of the X-axis and the positive side of the X-axis of the champer 500-3, respectively. . This fixed portion is located inside the chamber 500-3 in plan view.
- the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 have a substantially square shape in plan view as shown in FIG. 67, a substantially rectangular shape in front view as shown in FIG. 68, and a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 69. It has an inverted trapezoidal shape in side view.
- the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 are located immediately below the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 501 and 502.
- the metal plate 500c is bent and deformed in the negative direction of the Z axis.
- the upper wall of the chamber 500-3 is deformed, and the liquid in the chamber 500-3 is pressurized and depressurized by this volume reduction (or pressure oscillation is applied). ).
- the ejected droplets are atomized.
- the liquid having a uniform pressure is supplied to almost all of the plurality of liquid ejecting holes 500-1a.
- the liquid injection holes 500-3a located near the side walls 500-3b and 500-3c on both ends of the chamber 500-3 in the X-axis direction arrives.
- the liquid with a slightly higher pressure than the liquid ejecting holes 500-3a located in the other part (center part) arrives.
- the liquid droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 500-3a located near the side walls 500-3b and 500-3c have components in the X-axis direction as well as the Z-axis direction. It flies in the direction it has, and sometimes increases in diameter after injection.
- the number of such droplets i.e., the number of liquid injection holes 500-3a located near the sidewalls 500-0-3b and 500-3c
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 500 can eject a large number of droplets having a fine and uniform diameter as a whole.
- the champion 500-3 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the liquid introduction passage section 50.0-2 is provided with a liquid introduction port 500-0-1 for supplying a liquid from outside. And a pair of opposing surfaces (surfaces parallel to the Z_X plane at both ends in the Y-axis direction) of the same liquid introduction port 500-0-1 to the champion 500-0-3. It can be said that the liquid is introduced into the chamber 500-3 from the same pair of opposite surfaces of the chamber 500-3.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 501 is the same as the liquid ejecting apparatus 500 except that the chamber 500--3 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 500 is replaced with a chamber 501--3 (a chamber having a modified liquid ejecting hole shape). It is different from the liquid injection device 500. Therefore, the following description focuses on such differences.
- the chamber 5 1 0 — 3 includes an upper surface of a metal plate 5 100 a instead of the metal plate 5 0 0 a, a side wall surface forming a through hole provided in the metal plate 5 0 0 b, and a metal plate 5 0 The space defined by the lower surface of 0 c.
- the metal plate 5100a which is one wall (lower wall) that forms the champers 5 1 0—3, has a plurality of through holes with liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) 5 1 0-3. It is formed as a.
- the liquid injection hole 5110-3a is a cylindrical space having an axis in the Z-axis direction and a diameter of d.
- the plurality of liquid ejecting holes 500-3 a have a constant in-plane hole density (liquid ejecting per unit area) on the lower wall of the champer 500-3. (The number of holes).
- a plurality of liquid ejecting holes are provided.
- 5 1 0-3 a is the side wall 5 1 0-3 b and 5 1 0-3 c near the X-axis both ends of chamber 1 5 1-3, from the other part (center) Are also arranged so that the in-plane hole density increases.
- the in-plane hole density of the liquid injection holes 5 1 0 3 a is orthogonal to the inflow direction of the liquid flowing into the chamber 1 5 1 0 3 from the liquid introduction passage portions 5 0 0 4 and 5 0 0 4.
- the region near the end of chamber 1-5 10-3 in the direction it is larger than the region excluding these regions (the center).
- the liquid jets adjacent to each other in the region near the end, the liquid jets adjacent to each other.
- the liquid injection holes 5 1 0-3 a are arranged such that the distance between L 5 0-3 a is shorter than the distance between the liquid injection holes 5 1 0-3 a in the central region. .
- the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure gradient generated in the region near the end can be reduced, so that the droplets ejected from the liquid ejecting holes 5 10-3 a arranged in the region have the ejection direction Z It is parallel to the axis (perpendicular to the lower wall of chamber 1-5-3), and the diameter of droplets ejected from these liquid ejection holes can be kept small.
- FIGS. 73 to 75 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 520 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 520 has the same configuration as the liquid ejecting apparatus 5110 except that the chamber 510-3 is replaced by a chamber 520-3 (a chamber in which the shape of the liquid ejecting hole is changed). It is different from the liquid ejection device 5110. Therefore, the following description focuses on such differences.
- the chamber 5 2 0 — 3 includes an upper surface of a metal plate 5 200 a instead of the metal plate 5 10 a, a side wall surface forming a through hole provided in the metal plate 5 0 0 b, and a metal plate 5 0 The space defined by the lower surface of 0 c.
- the metal wall 520a which is one of the walls (lower wall) that constitutes chamber 520-3, has a plurality of through-holes with liquid injection holes (liquid injection nozzles) 520-3 a 1, 5 2 0 — 3 a 2 and 5 2 0 — 3 a 3.
- the liquid injection holes 5 2 0-3 a 1, 5 2 0-3 a 2 and 5 2 0-3 a 3 are cylindrical spaces having an axis in the Z-axis direction.
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole 5 2 0 — 3 a 3 is d 3, which is larger than the diameter d 2 of the liquid injection hole 5 2 0 — 3 a 2. That is, d 1 and d 2 ⁇ d 3.
- the liquid injection hole 5 2 0-3 a 3 is located in the X-axis direction of the chamber 5 2 0 — 3 It is arranged at the position closest to the side walls 5 2 0-3 b and 5 2 0-3 c on both ends (peripheries of both ends). That is, the liquid injection holes 5220-3a3 are arranged in a row at both ends in the X-axis direction of the chamber 1520-3 in plan view.
- the liquid injection holes 5 2 0 — 3 a 2 are arranged only in the row adjacent to the inside of the liquid injection holes 5 2 0-3 a 3 in the X-axis direction.
- the liquid injection holes 5 2 0 — 3 a 1 are arranged in the remaining part (center part).
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole becomes larger as it approaches the side walls 52 0-3 b and 52 0-3 c for the chamber 500-3.
- the more the liquid jets proceed in the direction (outside the X axis) perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid introduced into the chamber 520-0-3 via the chamber-facing liquid supply passage section 520-0a The passage area of the hole (liquid injection nozzle) is large.
- the droplets travel in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the chamber 520-3 (in the Z-axis direction without having components in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction).
- the diameter is prevented from increasing rapidly due to the fact that the droplet is combined with another droplet.
- FIGS. 76 to 78 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 530 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 530 is configured by adopting a metal plate 530a instead of the metal plate 520a of the liquid ejecting apparatus 520, so that the chamber 520 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 520 is used. It differs from the same liquid ejecting apparatus 520 only in that 0-3 is replaced with a chamber 530-3.
- the above-mentioned metal plate 52 0 a was provided with circular liquid injection holes 52 0-3 a 2 and 52-3 a 3 in a peripheral portion in plan view (that is, in cross section).
- the metal plate 530a is in plan view around the both ends of the champer (portion adjacent to the side walls 530-3b and 530-3c of the chamber 530-3).
- oval liquid injection holes 5 3 0 — 3 a 2 and 5 3 0 — 3 a 3 is provided.
- the liquid injection holes 5 3 0 — 3 a 3 are located on the outermost side of the chamber 5 3 0 — 3 in the X-axis direction in plan view, and the liquid injection holes 5 3 0 — 3 a 2 are arranged inside.
- the major axis and the minor axis of the liquid injection hole 5300-3a3 are larger than the major axis and the minor axis of the liquid injection hole 5300-3a2, respectively. Except for the liquid injection holes provided at the corners of chamber 1 5 3 0-3, the liquid injection holes 5 3 0-3 provided near side walls 5 3 0-3 b and 5 3 0-3 c Each major axis of a2 and 530-3a3 is along the Y-axis direction.
- the liquid injection holes 5330-3a1 arranged in the center are circular in plan view.
- the diameter of the liquid injection hole 5330-3a1 is smaller than the minor axis of the liquid injection hole 5330-3a2.
- the diameters of the liquid droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 53 0-3 a 2 and 53 0-3 a 3 around the both ends in the X-axis direction of the chamber 530-3 are also adjusted to the center.
- the diameter can be made larger than the diameter of the liquid droplet ejected from the liquid ejection hole 5330-31. Accordingly, the straightness of the liquid droplets ejected from the peripheral liquid ejection holes 5330-3a2 and 5300-3a3 is increased.
- the above-described hydraulic pressure gradient generated around both ends of the chamber 530-3 in the X-axis direction can be reduced. As a result, the droplet flies in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a sudden increase in the diameter of the droplet after the ejection of the droplet because the droplet is combined with another droplet.
- FIG. 79 to FIG. 81 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 540 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 540 employs a metal plate 540a instead of the metal plate 530a of the liquid ejecting apparatus 530, so that the chamber 530 of the liquid ejecting apparatus 530 can be used.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 5 differs from the liquid ejecting apparatus 5 3 only in that 3 is replaced with a champ 5 3 4 13.
- Injection holes 540-3a1, 540-3a2 and 540-3a3 are formed respectively.
- the shapes of the liquid injection holes 5 4 0-3 a 1, 5 4 0-3 a 2 and 5 4 0-3 a 3 are the same as those of the liquid injection holes 5 3 0-3 1, 5 3 0-3 a 2 and 5 3 0 — Same as 3 a 3.
- the diameters of the droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 540-3a2 and 540-3a3 at both ends in the X-axis direction of the chamber 540-3 are adjusted to the center. It can be made larger than the diameter of the liquid droplet ejected from the liquid ejection hole 540-3a1. Accordingly, the straightness of the liquid droplets ejected from the liquid ejection holes 540-3a2 and 540-3a3 at the peripheral portion is increased. In addition, the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure gradient generated around both ends of the chamber 540-3 in the X-axis direction can be reduced. As a result, the droplet flies in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, after the droplet is ejected, the diameter of the droplet is prevented from suddenly increasing due to the fact that the droplet is combined with another droplet.
- This manufacturing method includes the following steps.
- Step 1 As shown in (1) of FIG. 82, a through-hole corresponding to the liquid inlet 500-1 is formed in an extremely thin metal plate by punching. Thus, a metal plate 500 c is obtained.
- Step 2 A thin metal plate is prepared as shown in (2) of Fig. 82, and the metal plate is provided on the side wall of the liquid supply passage 500_2 and a part of the liquid introduction passage part 500-4.
- a through hole for forming the side wall of the first chamber 500-3 is formed by metal etching.
- a metal plate 500b is obtained.
- the through hole corresponding to the chamber 500-3 formed here is substantially rectangular in plan view.
- a part of the liquid introduction passage section 500-4 formed here is a part extending in the X-axis direction of the liquid supply passage 500-2 (the chamber-facing liquid supply passage section 500- 2 a).
- a part of the liquid introduction passage section 500-4 is formed in a comb shape.
- Step 3 As shown in Fig. 82 (3), prepare a thin metal plate, and put the liquid supply passage 500-2 on the metal plate and a part of the liquid introduction passage 500-4. Then, a through hole for forming the side wall of the chamber 500-3 is formed by metal etching. Thus, a metal plate 500b) 3 is obtained.
- the through-hole corresponding to the chamber 500--3 formed here is substantially rectangular in plan view, and the Y-axis direction extends from the side along the X-axis direction. It has a comb-shaped portion extending outward. This comb-shaped part
- Step 4 As shown in Fig. 82 (4), prepare a thin metal plate, and form a through hole to be the liquid injection hole 500-3a in the metal plate by punching at a predetermined position. I do. Thus, a metal plate 500a is obtained.
- Step 5 The metal plate 500bba and the metal plate 500b / 3 are repeatedly superimposed on the metal plate 500a thus formed. These are referred to as a laminated portion for convenience.
- a laminated portion for convenience.
- five metal plates 50 Ob and four metal plates 50 ObS are alternately stacked.
- the number of metal plates 500 b a; and metal plates 500 b 3 to be laminated is adjusted according to the required liquid flow rate (accordingly, liquid injection amount).
- Step 6 The metal plate 500a formed in this way, the laminated portion, and the metal plate 500c are sequentially laminated, and they are bonded to each other by metal diffusion bonding (or thermocompression bonding) to obtain a bonded body.
- Step 7 On the other hand, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 are formed by alternately laminating the piezoelectric electrostrictive films and the electrode films. Then, the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive elements 501 and 502 are fixed on the metal plate 500 c of the joined body by bonding.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 500 is manufactured.
- the processing of the liquid injection holes 500-3a and the above-described through holes and the like is not limited to the above-described processing method, and for example, a processing method by laser processing may be suitably used.
- FIGS. 84 to 86 show a liquid ejecting apparatus 600 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- the liquid flows from one side or two sides of a substantially rectangular chamber in plan view.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 the liquid flows in from all four sides of the substantially rectangular chamber 1 in a plan view.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which each side extends in parallel to the X, Y, and Z axes perpendicular to each other. As shown in FIGS. 85 and 86, the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 includes a plurality of sequentially stacked metal plates 600 a to 600 c and an outer surface of a metal plate 600 c. (A plane along the X-Y plane in the positive direction of the Z-axis) and a pair of piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 61 1 and 62 2.
- the material of the metal plates 600 a to 600 c is stainless steel (SUS304 or SUS316) in this example.
- the metal plate 600c is extremely thin like the metal plate 100c, and constitutes a diaphragm that can be easily deformed and restored (deformable).
- the liquid ejecting device 600 has a liquid inlet 600-1, a liquid supply passage 600-2, a chamber 600-3, a liquid supply passage 600-2, and a chamber 600-3. And a piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive element 601, 602.
- Liquid inlet 600-1 is a circular through-hole formed in metal plate 600c.
- the liquid inlet 600-1 is provided at the center of the metal plate 600c in the Y-axis direction and near the end of the X-axis negative direction.
- the liquid inlet 6 0 0-1 is connected to the discharge port 24 e of the electromagnetic open / close type discharge valve 24 in a liquid-tight manner by the sleep 25 as in the case of the liquid inlet 1 0-1. (See Figure 4). ⁇
- Each of the liquid supply passages 600-2 is formed on the upper surface of the metal plate 600 a, the side wall surface forming the through-hole provided in the metal plate 600 b, and the lower surface of the metal plate 600 c. It is a well-defined space. As shown in FIG. 84, one of the liquid supply passages 600-2 has a planar shape (a shape viewed from the positive direction of the Z-axis) as shown in FIG. — Consists of 2b and 3rd part 600-2c.
- the first portion 600-2 a extends in the negative Y-axis direction from a portion that coincides (overlaps) with the semicircle of the liquid inlet 600-1 in plan view.
- the second portion 600-2b extends in the X-axis positive direction from the Y-axis negative direction end of the first portion 600-2a.
- the third part 600-2 c extends in the positive direction of the Y-axis from the end of the second part 600-12 b in the positive direction of the X-axis.
- the other planar shape of the liquid supply passage 600-2 (as viewed from the positive Z-axis direction) As shown in FIG. 84, the shape is linearly symmetric with respect to the central axis CL of the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 along the X axis with one plane shape of the liquid supply passage 600-2. .
- the chamber 600-3 is defined by the upper surface of the metal plate 600 a, the side wall surface forming the through hole provided in the metal plate 600 Ob, and the lower surface of the metal plate 600 c. Space.
- the plane shape of the chamber 600-3 is substantially rectangular as shown in FIG.
- the first chamber 600 is surrounded by a liquid supply passage 600-2.
- a plurality of liquid injection holes 600-3a are formed in a metal plate 600a which is one wall (lower wall) constituting the chamber 600-3.
- Each of the liquid injection holes 600-3a is a cylindrical space having a diameter d at the bottom surface having an axis in the Z-axis direction, like the liquid injection holes 10-3a.
- the plurality of liquid injection holes 600-3 a like the liquid injection holes 10-3 a, are arranged in a square lattice on the lower surface of the chamber 600-3.
- Reference numeral 4 designates a slit for communicating the liquid supply passage section 600-4 with the chamber 600-3.
- the liquid introduction passage section 600-4 is configured to introduce liquid into the chamber 600-3 in a direction orthogonal to each side of the chamber 600-4 in plan view.
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 601 and 602 are the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 501 and
- the piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive elements 600 and 602 are fixed to the upper surface of the metal plate 600 c above the chamber X 600-3 on the X-axis negative direction side and X-axis positive direction side, respectively. ing. This fixed portion is located inside the chamber 600-3 in plan view.
- the piezoelectric electrostrictive elements 600 and 602 function in the same manner as the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive elements 501 and 502, and pressurize and decompress the liquid in the chamber 600-3 to form the same liquid. Apply pressure vibration. As a result, the ejected droplets are atomized.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 configured as described above, the liquid flows into the chamber 600-3 from all sides (four sides) of the chamber 600-3 in plan view. Therefore, the liquid having a uniform pressure is supplied to all of the plurality of liquid injection holes 600-3a. With this, the liquid injection hole
- Droplets ejected from 6 00-3a have components only in the Z-axis direction Droplets are difficult to increase in diameter after ejection
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 can eject a large number of droplets having a fine and uniform diameter.
- Step 1 As shown in (1) of FIG. 87, a through-hole corresponding to the liquid inlet 600-1 is formed in an extremely thin metal plate by punching. Thus, a metal plate 600 c is obtained.
- Step 2 As shown in (87) of Fig. 87, prepare a thin metal plate, and place the side wall of the liquid supply passage 600-2 and a part of the liquid introduction passage 600-4 on the metal plate. Then, a through hole for forming the side wall of the chamber 600-3 is formed by metal etching. Thereby, a metal plate 60 Ob a is obtained.
- the through-hole corresponding to the chamber 600-3 formed here is substantially rectangular in plan view. Further, a part of the liquid introduction passage portion 600-14 formed here is continuous with the liquid supply passage 600-12.
- the liquid introduction passage portion 600-0-4 is formed in a comb shape.
- Step 3 As shown in Fig. 87 (3), prepare a thin metal plate, and attach the thin plate to the side wall of the liquid supply passage 600-2, a part of the liquid introduction passage part 600-4, and A through hole for forming the side wall of the chamber 600-3 is formed by metal etching. Thus, a metal plate 600 bjS is obtained.
- the through hole corresponding to the champer 600-3 formed here is substantially rectangular in plan view, and has a comb-like portion extending outward. The comb-shaped portion forms a part of the liquid introduction passage section 600-4.
- Step 4 As shown in (4) in Fig. 87, prepare a thin metal plate and form a through hole to be the liquid injection hole 600-3a in the metal plate by punching at a predetermined position. I do. Thus, a metal plate 600a is obtained.
- Step 5 The metal plate 600b and the metal plate 600bj3 are repeatedly overlapped on the metal plate 600a thus formed. These are referred to as a laminated portion for convenience.
- a laminated portion for convenience.
- five metal plates 600 Ob Q! And four metal plates 600 bj8 are alternately stacked.
- the number of the metal plates 600b and 600b to be laminated is adjusted according to the required liquid flow rate (therefore, the liquid injection amount).
- the liquid injection amount the required liquid flow rate
- Step 6 The metal plate 600a thus formed, the laminated portion, and the metal plate 600c are sequentially laminated, and they are joined to each other by metal diffusion bonding (or thermocompression bonding) to obtain a joined body.
- Step 7 The piezoelectric Z-electrostrictive film and the electrode film are alternately laminated
- Z electrostrictive elements 60 1 and 60 2 are formed in advance. Then, the Z electrostrictive elements 600 and 602 are fixed on the metal plate 600 c of the joined body by bonding.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus 600 is manufactured.
- the processing of the liquid injection holes 600-3a and the above-described through holes and the like is not limited to the above-described processing method, and for example, a processing method by laser processing may be suitably used.
- the liquid ejecting apparatus can eject a large amount of fine droplets having a uniform diameter. Further, according to the above-described manufacturing method, a liquid ejecting apparatus corresponding to each method can be easily manufactured.
- a cross section along a plane (YZ plane) orthogonal to the liquid flow direction (liquid flow direction, ie, X-axis direction) of the slit of the liquid introduction passage in each of the above embodiments is a long axis.
- An ellipse or an ellipse having a short axis and a short axis may be used.
- the lower surface of the slit may have a substantially U-shape curved downward.
- liquid injection device of the above embodiment is applied to a gasoline internal combustion engine of a type in which fuel is injected into an intake pipe (intake port) 30.
- the present invention can also be applied to a so-called “direct injection gasoline internal combustion engine” that directly injects fuel into a cylinder.
- fuel when fuel is directly injected into a cylinder by a conventional electrically controlled fuel injection device using a fuel injector, fuel may accumulate in a gap (clevis) between the cylinder and the piston. Whereas the amount of unburned HC (hydrocarbon) increased in some cases, the fuel was directly injected into the cylinder using the liquid injection device according to the present invention. Since the fuel is injected into the cylinder in the form of fine particles, the amount of fuel adhering to the inner wall of the cylinder can be reduced, or the amount of fuel entering the gap between the cylinder and the piston can be reduced. Emissions can be reduced.
- the liquid injection device according to the present invention is also effective to use as a direct injection injector for a diesel engine. That is, according to the conventional injector, there is a problem that it is not possible to inject the finely divided fuel because the fuel pressure is low particularly when the engine is under a low load. In this case, if a common rail type injection device is used, the fuel pressure can be increased to a certain degree even when the engine is running at a low speed, and the atomization of the injected fuel can be promoted.However, the fuel pressure is lower than when the engine is running at a high speed. Cannot be sufficiently fine.
- the liquid injection device atomizes the fuel by the operation of the piezoelectric electrostrictive element regardless of the load of the engine (ie, even when the engine is at a low load). As a result, it is possible to inject fuel that has been sufficiently atomized.
- a film type piezoelectric element made of an antiferroelectric film can be used instead of the piezoelectric Z electrostrictive elements 11 to 14 as the actuator.
- the electrostatic force generated between electrodes facing each other via a gap and the deformation force generated in a shape memory alloy due to energized heating are used to measure the piezoelectric / electrostrictive elements 11 to 1 It may be used in place of the force generated in 4, and these forces may change the volume of one chamber.
- the modified examples of the above-described respective injection holes include, for example, a first modified example and a second modified example, a first modified example and a fourth modified example, a second modified example and a fourth modified example, and a third modified example. As in the fourth modified example, they may be appropriately combined.
- the slit of the liquid introduction passage portion is such that the metal plate 10c (and the metal plate 10a) is one wall that defines the slit.
- the metal plate 10b may be formed only at the center in the Z-axis direction of the metal plate 10b.
- liquid injection holes of each embodiment according to the present invention have a sectional area in the flow direction (liquid injection direction) in order to increase the flow by converting the pressure or the like of the liquid into kinetic energy. It may be a so-called tapered nozzle made smaller.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005504129A JPWO2004085835A1 (ja) | 2003-03-27 | 2004-03-26 | 液体噴射装置及びその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003086977 | 2003-03-27 | ||
| JP2003-086977 | 2003-03-27 | ||
| JP2003-108366 | 2003-04-11 | ||
| JP2003108366 | 2003-04-11 | ||
| JP2003-195922 | 2003-07-11 | ||
| JP2003195922 | 2003-07-11 | ||
| JP2003294117 | 2003-08-18 | ||
| JP2003-294117 | 2003-08-18 | ||
| JP2003-296825 | 2003-08-20 | ||
| JP2003296825 | 2003-08-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2004085835A1 true WO2004085835A1 (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/004376 Ceased WO2004085835A1 (ja) | 2003-03-27 | 2004-03-26 | 液体噴射装置及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2004085835A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004085835A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3717136A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-10-07 | APTAR France SAS | Procédé de fabrication d'une paroi de distribution |
| WO2021001628A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-07 | Aptar France Sas | Procede de fabrication d'une paroi de distribution |
| CN114904961A (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2022-08-16 | 阿普塔尔法国简易股份公司 | 分配壁的制造方法 |
| IT202100016508A1 (it) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-23 | St Microelectronics Srl | Dispositivo microfluidico perfezionato per la spruzzatura di gocce molto piccole di liquidi |
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| JPS54133213U (ja) * | 1978-03-07 | 1979-09-14 | ||
| JPS58216753A (ja) * | 1982-06-09 | 1983-12-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 霧化装置 |
| JPH0266276U (ja) * | 1988-11-07 | 1990-05-18 | ||
| JPH0556261U (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 1993-07-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 均一な液滴群の製造装置 |
| JPH05229128A (ja) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-09-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | インクジェット印字ヘッドの製造方法 |
| JPH09239978A (ja) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | インクジェットヘッド |
| JPH1162787A (ja) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-05 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | 燃料噴射弁 |
| JP2003025565A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-29 | Sharp Corp | ラインヘッドおよびそれを備えたプリンタ |
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2004
- 2004-03-26 WO PCT/JP2004/004376 patent/WO2004085835A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-03-26 JP JP2005504129A patent/JPWO2004085835A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54133213U (ja) * | 1978-03-07 | 1979-09-14 | ||
| JPS58216753A (ja) * | 1982-06-09 | 1983-12-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 霧化装置 |
| JPH0266276U (ja) * | 1988-11-07 | 1990-05-18 | ||
| JPH0556261U (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 1993-07-27 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 均一な液滴群の製造装置 |
| JPH05229128A (ja) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-09-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | インクジェット印字ヘッドの製造方法 |
| JPH09239978A (ja) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-16 | Ricoh Co Ltd | インクジェットヘッド |
| JPH1162787A (ja) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-05 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | 燃料噴射弁 |
| JP2003025565A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-29 | Sharp Corp | ラインヘッドおよびそれを備えたプリンタ |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114904961A (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2022-08-16 | 阿普塔尔法国简易股份公司 | 分配壁的制造方法 |
| EP3717136A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-01 | 2020-10-07 | APTAR France SAS | Procédé de fabrication d'une paroi de distribution |
| WO2021001628A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-07 | Aptar France Sas | Procede de fabrication d'une paroi de distribution |
| FR3098137A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-08 | Aptar France Sas | Procédé de fabrication d’une paroi de distribution |
| CN114096370A (zh) * | 2019-07-02 | 2022-02-25 | 阿普塔尔法国简易股份公司 | 制作分配隔板的方法 |
| IT202100016508A1 (it) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-23 | St Microelectronics Srl | Dispositivo microfluidico perfezionato per la spruzzatura di gocce molto piccole di liquidi |
| EP4108462A1 (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-28 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Improved microfluidic device for spraying very small drops of liquids |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2004085835A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
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