WO2004065089A1 - Loading device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a particularly simple and stable structure for a loading device in a molding machine used for producing concrete blocks. In a preferred embodiment, said structure comprises a hollow male mold support that is formed by folded metal sheets, and compressing male molds which are retained therein in a stable manner. A separate connecting frame which is to be fixed to the top surface of the male mold support allows simple adjustment to fixing means of a molding machine.

Description

 Title of the invention:

Auflastvorrichtung

The invention relates to a loading device for a molding machine for the production of compacted concrete blocks.

Densified concrete blocks are typically produced in molding machines, in which a mold resting on a vibrating pad is filled with one or more mold nests with concrete mass. Pressure plates are inserted into the mold cavities from above and are attached to the lower ends of vertical stamps. The stamps are welded at their upper ends to a stamp carrier, usually a stable plate. The stamp carrier is pressed down via a machine connection during the vibrating process.

The present invention has for its object to provide an advantageous such load device.

The invention is described in claim 1. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

The construction of the stamp carrier with a first horizontal plate and a second horizontal plate offset against it downwards and with the two plates rigidly connecting and stiffening, essentially vertical wall elements leads to a simple and inexpensive construction of the stamp box, the wall elements preferably largely or are completely closed surfaces and form a hollow, essentially cuboid box with the first and second plates. A particularly advantageous embodiment is one in which the stiffening wall elements are designed as one-piece extensions of the first or second surface and are angled against them in the direction of the other plate. It is preferred to form two such wall elements on opposite edges of the typically rectangular first or second plate to form a U-shaped partial support of the stamp support. Advantageously, two such partial carriers with mutually facing openings of their respective U-shape can be connected by 90 ° rotation around the surface normal of the first or second plate to form a substantially cuboid hollow body as a stamp carrier and in particular welded together along edges.

In a further development, a further horizontal plate is arranged above and spaced from the first plate and is rigidly connected to it. The rigid connection can in turn advantageously comprise vertical wall elements, which in particular can be designed as one-piece angled extensions of the first plate and / or second plate and / or further plate and can form U-shaped partial supports with these plates, which are assembled to form a cuboid cavity can be.

Additional stiffening means can be provided within the surfaces of the first, second and / or further plate, which with the respective opposite plates z. B. can be welded or screwed. Such additional stiffening means can in particular also be bolts or sleeves. The cavity between the first and second plates and / or optionally between the first and further plates can, if necessary, at least partially with a weighting material such. B. sand, steel balls, concrete or polymer concrete can be filled in order to increase the mass of the loading device and thus in particular its inertia during the shaking process and / or to introduce a vibration-damping effect.

The construction of the stamp carrier from a first plate, which is also referred to below as the support plate and from a second plate which is offset downwards against the support plate, hereinafter also referred to as the guide plate, and the passage of at least one, preferably a plurality of stamps through openings in the guide plate up to the support plate simple way an exact positioning of the stamp in the plate surface and a stable support of the stamp against tilting and / or twisting forces. The openings in the guide plate and / or recesses in the cover plate can be made easily and with high precision in flat sheets. The stamp is held horizontally both on the support plate and on the guide plate, so that due to the vertical distance between the support plate and guide plate there is a high degree of stability against lateral tilting. The stamp is held at least laterally in the stamp opening of the guide plate. Advantageously, the stamp is positively fixed horizontally in the support plate, preferably by extensions of the stamp engaging in recesses in the support plate.

The stamp is preferably supported vertically on the lower surface of the support plate, in particular by vertical abutment of the upper edges of the stamp on the lower surface. The stamp can be detachably held in the stamp carrier. However, the stamp is preferably welded to the guide plate and / or in particular the support plate. The punch typically has a screw-on plate at its lower end, on which the pressure plate, which conforms to the shape of the mold and typically protrudes laterally, is exchangeably fastened. The stamp is advantageously designed as a longitudinal profile with a substantially unchanged cross section over its vertical extent between the support plate and the pressure plate or screw-on plate, preferably as a tube.

Devices for connecting the device to a molding machine are advantageously provided above the support plate, a plurality of different constructions being customary for such a machine connection. The load device can be moved vertically via the machine connection and pressed down, especially during operation with a high load force. In an advantageous embodiment, these connection devices can be embodied in the support plate or arranged directly thereon, in particular in the form of an adapter frame with a pattern for fastening elements and / or fastening structures predetermined by the molding machine. With a high design for a load device, i. H. a large vertical distance between the machine-side connection and guide plate, a further plate, also referred to below as the connection plate, can advantageously be provided, which is rigidly connected to the guide plate and / or support plate.

The rigid connection of the connecting plate, guide plate and / or support plate can in particular be formed by flat vertical plate elements which are connected to the respective plates in a flat or linear manner at the top and bottom and give the stamp carrier a high shear strength and torsional rigidity. Advantageously, at least two different Lent, in particular such plate elements aligned perpendicular to each other. The plate elements are preferably provided by wall elements which laterally close off the space between the connected plates and which form an essentially cuboid box. The wall elements can have openings in the surfaces.

An embodiment of the stamp carrier is particularly advantageous in which wall elements which are angled seamlessly in one piece in the direction of another of these plates are formed on the connecting plate and / or guide plate and / or support plate. In at least one of these plates, two such wall elements are preferably continued at an angle on opposite plate edges and form a U-shaped partial support with the respective plate. At least two of the plates are preferably supplemented in this way to form U-shaped partial supports. The two sub-carriers are assembled and preferably welded with mutually facing openings of the U-shapes and rotated 90 ° relative to one another to form a substantially cuboid box as a stamp carrier, the wall elements preferably extending as far as the other connected plate. The two sub-carriers can advantageously be produced from a flat sheet metal blank, preferably by folding. The punch openings in the guide plate, cutouts in the support plate or connection plate or other surface structures can advantageously be created in the respective flat sheet metal blank.

In another embodiment, a welded construction can be provided for a high stamp carrier above the support plate, in particular of a plurality of connection plates, which are connected directly or indirectly to the support plate and / or guide plate. The welded construction preferably contains several vertical sheet metal sections. The guide plate is preferably covered by walls elements that protrude past the support plate beyond this, again supplemented to a U-shaped partial support, the wall elements of the partial support serving both as a system for further elements of the welded construction and can themselves be part of the connection structures.

The clear height between the guide plate and the support plate is advantageously at least 5 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, in particular at least 35 mm. Advantageously, the clear height between the guide plate is limited to 120 mm, in particular 80 mm, in particular in the case of dense stamps. In the case of higher load devices, a higher superstructure is preferably provided above the support plate, in particular in turn preferably with bent sheets. With a small number of stamps, a larger clear height between the guide plate and the support plate can also be advantageous. In addition to the essential strength advantages described, the loading device according to the invention, which forms a sandwich-like lightweight construction, also brings a considerable reduction in weight compared to typical conventional devices.

A plurality of stamps are typically provided, for which separate openings are made in the guide plate. Several stamps can also be connected to a common pressure plate, in particular in the case of larger and / or more complex dimensions of the molded concrete parts to be produced. In the case of a high version of the stamp carrier with the additional connection plate spaced from the support plate, one or more stamps can advantageously be guided as stiffening elements through the support plate to the connection plate.

In another embodiment, one or more stamps can also be used only up to while maintaining the advantages of constructing the stamp carrier as a hollow body second, ie lower plate reaching and projecting from this down stamp attached to the second plate, in particular welded to the underside or preferably screwed. The stamps and the second plate can advantageously have matching centering devices, in particular aligned centering bores, by means of which the stamps separately prepared with such centering devices can be aligned and fastened simply and precisely to the correspondingly prepared second plate. Fastening by means of screws, which can then simultaneously serve as centering elements which extend through centering bores, is particularly advantageous.

The box-shaped structure with vertically spaced, rigidly connected plates is also particularly advantageous for product series of loading devices with associated shapes, in particular if the same or similar shapes are to be produced for different molding machines. For this purpose, the box-shaped structure can advantageously be used to manufacture connecting devices for detachable connection of the loading device to the molding machine according to predetermined machine-side connection structures, regardless of individual shapes, in a machine-related manner. For molds with the same or similar pattern, size and height of the mold nests, uniform stamps can be kept, e.g. according to the stamp length, stamp cross-section and screw-on plates. The individual arrangement of stamp assemblies and machine connection devices can then be carried out from standard assemblies with the hollow body which can be produced simply and with high precision, in particular when using the U-shaped partial carrier, as an adapter, in which the structures for the stamp and in the structures for the attachment of the connection devices are produced for the first plate or, if appropriate, for the further plate, and the height of which can be varied with little effort in the production, is. A further aspect of the invention can therefore also be seen in the specification of a product series of molds with loading devices with special advantages in production.

The invention is illustrated in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. It shows:

1 is an oblique view of an upper, first plate (support plate),

2 is an oblique view of a lower, second plate (guide plate),

3 a stamp with screw-on plate without pressure plate,

4 shows a machine connection adapter,

5 shows a compilation of individual assemblies,

Fig. 6 opening sections through a composite

Auflastvorrichtung,

7 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 6,

8 is a top view of the device of FIG. 6,

9 is a bottom view of the device of FIG. 6,

10 is an oblique view of another part carrier with guide plate, 11 Fig. 10 with an inserted support plate,

12 Fig. 11 with an additional reinforcing plate,

13 FIG. 12 with part of a machine connection,

14 Fig. 13 with complete facilities for a machine connection,

15 is an oblique view of a further partial carrier with a guide plate,

16 Fig. 15 with a partial support plate,

17 Fig. 16 with a second partial support plate,

18 Fig. 17 with additional reinforcement plates,

19 FIG. 18 with complete facilities for a machine connection,

20 shows a preferred construction with a large overall height in a partially assembled state without screw-on plates,

21 the structure according to FIG. 20 assembled in an oblique view from below,

22 shows an embodiment with a support plate angled in two directions, 23 shows an embodiment with machine connection elements between the support plate and guide plate,

24 oblique views of a composite embodiment according to FIG. 23,

25 shows a compilation of components of a further one

Execution of a loading device,

26 is an oblique view of the connection device from FIG. 25,

27 is an oblique view of a stamp from FIG. 25,

28 shows a detail from a composite loading device according to FIG. 25.

1 shows an oblique view of a partial carrier TT1 of a stamp carrier of a first embodiment of a loading device according to the invention. The partial carrier TT1 comprises a first flat horizontal plate DP, also referred to below as a support plate, which continues downward along two opposite edges KD running in the longitudinal direction LR through side wall plates SWD and forms a U-shape which is open towards the bottom. The partial carrier TT1 is preferably made from a flat sheet metal blank, the side wall plates preferably being bent by folding along the edges KD. Recesses AS, preferably already in the flat sheet metal blank, are produced in the support plate DP, which receive extensions of stamp profiles from the underside of the support plate and thus automatically fix the stamp horizontally in the correct position. In the support plate In addition, first centering holes ZBD can be provided, which can serve for the simplified alignment of a machine connection to be fastened on the support plate.

FIG. 2 shows a second partial carrier TT2, which contains a second horizontal plate FP, also referred to below as a guide plate, and side wall plates SWF angled upwards against it on opposite edges KF running in the transverse direction QR. The sub-carrier TT2 is advantageously also made from a flat sheet metal blank by bending the side wall panels, in particular again by folding along the edges KF, and forms an upwardly open U-shape. Stamp openings OS are provided in the guide plate FP and are preferably already produced in the flat sheet metal blank.

3 shows a further essential element, a stamp ST, which in the sketched example consists of a tube with an essentially rectangular cross section. At the lower end of the tube, a screw-on plate ASP is welded in a conventional manner, to which a pressure plate can be exchangeably fastened, which is inserted into the mold cavity from above for compacting a concrete mass. At the upper end of the stamp tube, its walls have extensions FS in the form of tabs. The cross section of the stamp tube SR and the cross section of the stamp openings OS in the guide plate FP are matched to one another such that the stamp tube in the stamp openings OS is reliably supported against horizontal displacement by the edges of the openings OS. Preferably, the edges of the openings OS closely surround the stamp tube on all sides. The extensions FS at the upper end of the punch tube SR and the recesses AS in the cover plate DP are matched to one another in terms of arrangement and size, so that the extensions engage in the recesses AS and that Fix the stamp tube at its upper end against lateral displacement.

In the sketches according to FIGS. 2 and 3, projections engaging in recesses AS are provided on all side surfaces of the stamp tubes. In another advantageous embodiment, such extensions can also be provided only on two opposite side surfaces and the recesses AS can be limited accordingly.

4 shows an adapter designed as a frame AR for connection to a molding machine. In the example outlined, the adapter is advantageously designed as a welded rectangular frame which holds two dimensionally stable connection strips AL at a defined distance from one another. The connection bores AB in the connection strips AL typically have threads for connection to the molding machine. With regard to the positions of the connection bores AB in the surface, the frame is matched to dimensions specified by the molding machine. Centering holes ZBR are provided in the intermediate strips ZL connecting the connecting strips AL and holding them at a defined distance, which correspond to the areal distribution of the centering holes ZBD in the support plate DP and enable simple alignment of the frame AR on the support plate, for. B. by inserting dowel pins or the like in the aligned center holes ZBD and ZBR before attaching the terminal strips AL on the support plate DP. The terminal strips AL are preferably welded onto the support plate DP.

Fig. 5 shows the several components of a preferred load device in a separate position before assembly. The stamp carrier TS is already drawn as a box made of firmly connected partial carriers TT1 and TT2. net, which are assembled with mutually facing openings of the U-shapes and in the 90 ° rotation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 about a vertical axis to form a substantially cuboid hollow body. The adapter frame AR is placed on the support plate DP from above. The stamp tubes SR are inserted through the openings OS of the guide plate into the stamp carrier TS and engage with their extensions FS in the recesses AS of the support plate from below. The plunger tubes are supported vertically on the inner surface of the support plate DP. In Fig. 6, a composite device is drawn in two different opening sections, the opening section in the left half of the picture being based on a section plane in the side surfaces of the stamp tubes facing the viewer and the opening section in the right half of the picture being a section plane through the center of the stamp pipes. The vertical height of the extensions FS of the stamp tubes is preferably less than the thickness of the support plate DP, so that the extensions only partially fill the recesses AS. As a result, the stamping tubes can be fixed in the support plate in a particularly advantageous manner by welding. In the openings OS of the guide plate FP, the plunger tubes SR can be supported laterally in the simplest case by closely fitting the openings OS and the outer cross section of the plunger tubes. Spacers, e.g. B. fit rings made of a small amount of flexible material, especially plastic, which compensate for tolerances between openings OS and the outer circumference of the punch tubes SR. In this case, the openings OS are dimensioned correspondingly larger from the outset than the outer cross section of the punch tubes SR. In another embodiment, the stamp tubes can be welded to the underside of the guide plate, the fillet weld KN formed between the guide plate and the stamp tube forming particularly good prerequisites for simple and reliable welding, as can be seen clearly from the enlarged section from FIG. 6 to FIG. 7 , Due to the clear height H1 of the insert carrier TS, the stamp tubes are reliably supported against lateral tilting in a simple manner. A breakage of weld seams is therefore generally not to be feared. The clear height Hl is preferably at least 5 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, in particular at least 35 mm. The clear height H1 between the guide plate and the support plate is advantageously less than 120 mm, in particular less than 80 mm, as a result of which the weight and material content of the stamp sections between the guide and support plate can be limited. For versions with few stamps, a larger clear height between the guide and support plate can also be cheaper in individual cases. The vertical side walls SWF and SWD of the sub-carriers TT1 and TT2, which are preferably welded to one another, in a simple and advantageous manner bring about a high stability of the stamp carrier against twisting and shearing.

In Fig. 8 an oblique view of the assembled device is outlined. Fig. 9 shows the same device in an oblique view from below.

In FIGS. 10 to 14, a structure of a loading device is outlined in successive steps, which shows devices for connecting the device to specially designed receptacles on the machine above the support plate. Advantageously, as shown in FIG. 10 in an oblique plan view, the lower plate is based on a guide plate FPS with side walls FWS on two opposite edges, with a plurality of punch openings OSS, which with the side walls FWS is a partial carrier TFS with a U-shape that is open at the top forms.

This sub-carrier TFS is provided with a second sub-carrier TSS, which has a support plate SPS and from there on opposite edges downwards angled side walls SWS forms a downwardly open U-shape, in the manner already described with a mutual 90 ° rotation of the U-shapes around a vertical axis to form a hollow body with a support plate SPS vertically spaced from the guide plate FPS, as outlined in FIG. 11 , The two sub-carriers are preferably welded together. In the area of the support plate SPS, recesses ASS for receiving extensions of punch tubes or the like are provided analogously to the example already described. 11, the punches are preferably used and welded to the support plate with projections projecting into the recesses ASS and additionally to the underside of the guide plate. The stamps are not included in this and the following illustrations to simplify the illustrations.

The side walls FWS extend from the edges of the guide plate FPS upwards beyond the support plate SPS and have structures WSS in these wall sections which are adapted to the shape of the devices for connection to the molding machine which is yet to be explained. According to the sketch according to FIG. 12, an additional vertical center plate MBS, in particular for mechanical reinforcement, can be welded onto the upper surface of the support plate SPS, which advantageously can have the same structures WSS as the side wall sections.

As further elements for the devices located above the support plate, angle plates WPS are provided, which connect with a vertical leg to the support plate SPS, side walls FWS and / or center plate MBS and are preferably welded to them and which also have a vertical leg VPS and an overhead horizontal leg HPS have an end edge KPS. In Fig. 13, a first edge plate of this kind is sketched in the assembled state. More essentially the same Built angle plates are connected to the support plate, side wall sections and / or center plate, the angle plates being alternately aligned with mutually facing or facing end edges, so that the angle plates form paired, mutually facing end edges KPS, parallel insertion tracks ESS, with which the device can be clamped vertically Can be pushed jaws of the molding machine, which are clamped upward to lock the device and clamp the device vertically against the molding machine in contact with the undersides of the horizontal legs HPS. The structures WSS in the side walls FWS can advantageously have openings DSS through which a fork of a forklift can reach to transport the device.

For an identical design of a machine connection, an alternative structure of the stamp carrier is sketched in FIGS. 15 to 19. The U-shape of the lower partial support TT1 with the guide plate FPT and with the vertical side walls SWT continuing this is expanded in the sketch according to FIG. 15 in such a way that plate legs HWT horizontally angled inwards adjoin the side walls SWT at the top. Side walls SWT and plate legs HWT assume the approximate position and function of the edge angle plates of FIGS. 13 and 14.

In the example sketched in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the support plate is not designed as a U-shaped partial carrier that is open at the bottom, but is formed by two flat partial plates SPT1, SPT2, which extend from both sides into the space surrounded laterally and below by the partial carrier TT1 be inserted and engage for defined positioning with tabs SPL in slots WST of the side walls SWT. 17, the two partial plates form a continuous support plate surface SPT, in which again the recesses ASS for extensions the stamp tubes are present. The two partial plates are welded to the side walls SWT and / or along their abutting edge to one another and in the recesses ASS to the stamping tubes preferably used at this stage, which are advantageously additionally welded to the underside of the guide plate FPT.

18, vertical center plates MBT are used above the support plate and welded to the support plate SPT and / or side walls SWT. A connecting plate APT with horizontal support plates TBT and side walls AWT angled downward from these forms an U-shape which is open at the bottom and is placed on the arrangement sketched in FIG. 18 in such a way that the side walls AWT at the edges of the partial carrier sketched in FIG connect and can be welded to it. The support plates TBT assume the approximate position and function of the horizontal plate legs of the angle plates according to FIG. 14 and in turn form insertion paths EST with plate edges to one another or to the horizontal plate legs HWT. The center plates MBT advantageously protrude with upper edges in slots TBS of the support plates TBT and are welded to them there. The center plates ensure robust stiffening of the body.

The examples outlined in FIGS. 10 to 19 are intended to illustrate in particular others that the devices for connecting the loading device to a molding machine are accessible to many variations in detail.

A particularly advantageous solution for load devices with a large overall height, ie with a large vertical distance between the guide plate and the connection to the molding machine, is outlined in FIGS. 20 and 21. It is essential that a connection plate AP is provided which is vertically offset upwards against the support plate SPA and which is rigid with the support plate and / or guide is connected. The rigid connection of the connection plate AP to the guide plate and / or support plate via side walls SAW which are angled downward on opposite edges of the connection plate AP and which extend as far as the support plate and / or to the guide plate and are preferably welded there is particularly advantageous. The connection plate AP forms in the described advantageous manner with the side walls SAW in turn a partial support TTA with a U-shape open at the bottom.

In turn, side walls from the support plate or guide plate advantageously move up to the connection plate and are preferably welded there to the connection plate and along vertical edges to the side walls SAW.

In the sketched example, the support plate SPA, in which recesses for receiving extensions of punch tubes SR are again made, is supplemented by side walls SWA which are angled downwards to form a partial carrier with a U-shape which is open at the bottom and with a guide plate which is concealed in FIG. 20 and assembled and welded by this angled side walls FWA with the U-shape open at the top to form a hollow body. The side walls FWA protrude upwards beyond the support plate.

At this stage, the punch tubes SR are advantageously inserted through the openings in the guide plate up to the support plate and in particular until the extensions engage in the recesses in the support plate and are welded to the underside of the guide plate and / or in the recesses to the support plate. Subsequently, the sub-carrier TTA is put on, the side walls FWA in the sketched example up to the end

is end plate AP and the side walls SAW reach down to the support plate SPA and are welded to vertical side edges there.

To stiffen the box formed between the support plate SPA and the connection plate AP, stiffening elements of different types can be provided. In the sketch, two elongated punch tubes SRL are shown as examples of such stiffening elements, for which complete openings for the passage of the punch tubes are formed in the support plate instead of the slot-shaped recesses. The punch tubes SRL are advantageously welded to the support plate SPA along the edges of the openings. The elongated stamp tubes preferably have extensions at their upper ends, which protrude into corresponding slot-shaped recesses in the end plate and are welded there. The number of elongated stamp tubes is preferably small, in particular less than 20% of the total number of stamp tubes.

As an alternative or in addition, bolts BOA can be arranged as stiffening elements on the support plate, preferably engaging in bores or recesses thereof, and welded to it and project in the direction of the connection plate. The bolts can strike with a step on recesses BAA of the connection plate AP and protrude with an extension into these recesses BAA and be welded there. The bolts can also protrude through the cutouts. In particular, the bolts themselves can also be used to connect the device to the molding machine, for example by means of an external or internal thread, a stepped receiving pin or the like. The stiffening elements can also have other shapes, for example in the manner of the center plates from FIG. 12 or FIG. 18. The stiffening elements can also be used in another way, for example for wedge bracing, for connecting the loading device to a molding device. be trained. A connection of the loading device to the molding machine can in particular also take place directly via the connection plate AP or via an adapter, for example in the manner of the frame AR from FIG. 4.

FIG. 21 shows the assembled loading device according to FIG. 20 looking obliquely from below onto the underside of the guide plate FPA with the stamped tubes inserted. The corners of the guide plate are specially designed with WIS angle elements for attaching stop elements for demoulding.

A further particularly advantageous embodiment is outlined in FIG. 22. Here, a substantially rectangular horizontal support plate SPW is continued in one piece on two opposite first edges KW1 by upwardly angled vertical side walls VW1 and on the two other opposite edges KW2 by downwardly angled vertical side walls VW2. The support plate SPW is therefore part of a middle part, which shows both upward and downward U-shapes with a 90 ° rotation about a vertical central axis, which can be produced particularly advantageously by folding a flat sheet metal blank. The height of the vertical side walls VW1 is generally different from the height of the side walls VW2; The middle part is advantageously completed to form a hollow body by a cover plate DPW supplemented by side walls VW3 to form a U-shape which is open at the bottom and / or a guide plate FPW which is supplemented by side walls VW4 to form a U-shape which is open at the top. With the structures already described, such as recesses for receiving and welding extensions of the punch tubes SR, the support plate SPW can have openings for long punch tubes extending to the cover plate DPW, bores for spacer bolts, etc. The guide plate again has openings for Execution and lateral support of the stamp tubes on. In the cover plate DPW there are recesses for receiving the extensions of the long punch tubes, holes for the spacer bolts, structures for connection to the molding machine etc.

The assembly of the device is preferably carried out in the order that first the central part is welded to the U-shape of the guide plate attached below and then the stamp tubes are inserted and welded in the cutouts. Then the U-shape of the cover plate DPW is put on from above and welded to the middle part and, if necessary, the spacer bolts, the extensions of the long punch tubes, etc.

23 shows a construction example for a case with the representation of parts before assembly, which is of a stamp carrier of the type assumed in FIGS. 1 and 2 with an upper support plate SPB and a lower guide plate FPB and tubes as stamps emanates. In addition, a special type of machine connection with fastening elements of a machine connection extending below the level of the support plate is assumed, which in the sketched example are assumed as sleeves SHB, into which bolts of a machine connection can be inserted. The fasteners can also, such as. B. explained in Fig. 20, be carried out in various other forms.

If these fastening elements SHB are also to be held and / or supported on the guide plate FPB located below, the situation can arise in an unfavorable case that the position of such a fastening element predetermined by the machine connection coincides with a cutout for a stamp tube in the guide plate and therefore the support of this element on the guide plate would be eliminated. The solution sketched in FIG. 23 provides for this that the punching tube SRB shows an interruption of the tube wall in its course between the guide plate and the support plate in such a way that the tube wall is no longer completely closed all the way round, but as sketched e.g. B. has at least one section WAB in the wall. This makes it possible to create a non-closed joint FUB in the guide plate instead of a circumferential cutting line for a recess, which enables the remaining wall parts of the stamp tube to be pushed through. In the tab LAB partially enclosed by the joint FUB, which still remains connected to the rest of the guide plate, an opening FOB is created for receiving the connecting element, which is held in the support plate SPB in a further opening DOB and z. B. has edge steps at both ends.

In order to prevent the flap LAB from bending under load, it can be welded to the stamp tube after inserting the SRB stamp tube into the guide plate and / or stabilized by overwelding the joint. For this purpose, a window FEB is cut into the wall of the stamp tube in a wall opposite the wall cutout WAB of the stamp tube, through which the aforementioned welding is possible. The window can be above or below the guide plate. In the former case, the welding must be carried out before connecting the support plate DPB and guide plate FPB.

FIG. 24 shows in an oblique view from above (A) and obliquely below the arrangement composed of the individual parts of FIG. 23 with the window FEB lying below the guide plate, through which the upper edge of the window FEB projecting into the joint is welded to the joint edges from the outside can be. The stamp tube SRB can also have more than one wall cutout in the section running between the guide plate and the support plate, so that the surface section LAB containing the opening FOB is connected to the surrounding guide plate at several points.

Instead of the tube shape chosen for the stamp in the previous exemplary embodiments, these can also be made from profiles with a different cross section, for. B. angular shape, H-shape, U-shape, T-shape and / or arc shape.

Profiles, in particular open profiles, can advantageously be produced from a flat cross section by folding. In particular in the case of stone shapes with a wall thickness that is small in comparison to the wall length, the stamp plate can also be supported as a stamp by a profile shaped approximately to the wall profile or by several partial profiles. In particular in the case of large-area stamp plates with support by a plurality of stamps, the stamps can advantageously be formed by open angled profiles, in particular bent from flat blanks, instead of closed tubes.

The stamp can also have restricted cross-sections from the guide plate and only with parts of the complete lower cross-section z. B. in the form of separate flat profile sections to the support plate. Such profiles for stamps can advantageously be produced from a flat blank by folding and can also be formed into closed tube cross sections.

In the embodiment sketched in FIG. 25 as a compilation of individual assemblies in side view, a stamp carrier in the form of a cuboid box SKV is advantageously again made up of two assembled and welded U-shaped partial beams. A group of STS stamps is provided for attachment to the underside of the SKV box and z. B. provided with a mounting plate BPS, by means of which the stamp can be attached to the underside of the box, in particular welded or screwed on. Centering devices are provided in the mounting plates BPS, which correspond to counter-centering devices in the lower plate UPV of the box SKV and ensure a quick and precisely defined alignment of the stamps on the underside of the box SKV. In a preferred embodiment, nuts which are welded to the inside of the lower plate UPV can be provided for screwing the fastening plates to the underside of the box. The stamps can be fastened to the underside of the box and their precise alignment can also be carried out in a different way, in particular without using fastening plates and with structuring of the upper ends of the punch pipes SRS corresponding to openings in the lower plate of the box for welding and / or centering. The use of the fastening plates is advantageous in that the centering devices in the fastening plates can be manufactured with high accuracy regardless of the dimensional tolerances of the stamp tubes.

Screw-on plates APS are in turn attached to the underside of the stamp tubes in a manner already described and known per se, to which pressure plates can be detachably attached. A stamp STS is sketched in an oblique representation in FIG. 27. Centering holes ZBS are provided as centering devices in the mounting plate, which cooperate with holes in the lower plate UPV for centering.

The connection group AGS outlined above the box is tailored to one of several special types of molding machines and contains for this z. B. several specially designed connection profiles MP in an arrangement predetermined by the machine-side connection devices. In the example outlined, three connection profiles MP are connected to one another by means of a plurality of horizontally continuous threaded rods VGS, which protrude through openings in the side faces of the profiles, and are fixed in a defined longitudinal position of the threaded rods by means of threaded nuts VMS. The connection group has fastening devices and / or centering devices facing the upper plate OPV for the positionally accurate fastening of the connection group on the upper plate OPV, in which corresponding counter-centering devices are provided. The connection group can be fastened, in particular welded or preferably screwed, to the upper plate OPV of the box SKV in a manner known per se.

A connection group AGS is shown in oblique representation in FIG. 26. Keyhole-shaped openings in the side walls of the profiles simplify the assembly of the connection group from the individual components.

28 shows an advantageous embodiment of the screwed fastening of a connection group as a sectional view. In the box SKV through sleeves PH are inserted between the lower plate and the upper plate, which can also contribute to the stiffening of the box, preferably by welding at least on the lower plate UPV. The sleeves fit snugly in openings in the top plate. The sleeves themselves have an inner bore through which a fastening element, preferably a PSS fitting screw, can be passed, which are also guided through holes in the SKV box-facing surfaces of the connection group. The sleeves PH are advantageously open at the bottom, so that threaded nuts GMS can be used from below to fasten the fitting screws PSS. The structure of a loading device sketched in FIGS. 25 to 28 is of particular advantage in the production of product series with shapes that are identical or similar according to stone pattern and stone height for use in different types of molding machines. The three-way division of the loading device and the simple structure of the stamp carrier make it possible in particular

a) the preparation or maintenance of shape-dependent connection groups or their components that are only matched to the respective machine types,

b) the preparation or provision of stamps which have a uniform shape within a relatively wide range of different mold heights, in particular also a uniform height corresponding to the upper limit of the mold height range mentioned,

c) a total height of the loading device required for a certain combination of shape and machine type can be achieved in a simple manner by dimensioning the height of the side walls of the SKV stamp carrier box.

In this way, manufacturing can be simplified and made cheaper, on the other hand, the processing of an order can be significantly accelerated. In addition, at least one of the OPV or UPV plates can already be prepared with a perforated pattern for fastening and centering one of the assemblies. When using the one-piece U-shaped part supports, they can be prepared in an angled form with the maximum required wall height and the side walls required if the transverse and longitudinal dimensions of the punch support box remain the same. can also be reduced to the amount required in individual cases. A corresponding procedure also applies to the construction of the stamp carrier with three vertically spaced plates, in which case the distance between the lower and middle plates preferably remains the same and only the distance between the middle (the first) and the top (to adapt to the overall height required in the individual case the further) plate is varied.

The features specified above and in the claims and those that can be seen in the figures can be advantageously implemented both individually and in various combinations. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, but rather can be modified in many ways within the scope of expert knowledge. In particular, the stamps can have other profile cross sections. The stamps can also be supported on the underside of the guide plate with part of their cross section and can be continued with a reduced cross section to the cover plate. In addition to the side wall elements, stiffening elements can be provided in the space between the support plates. The side walls can be perforated.

Claims

Expectations: 1. Loading device for a molding machine for the production of concrete blocks, wherein a stamp carrier has a first, upper horizontal plate and a vertically downwardly displaced from this second, lower horizontal plate and stiffening means for rigid connection of the upper and lower plates and a or from the stamp carrier several stamps, at the lower ends of which pressure plates can be arranged, protrude downwards and where a) flat, substantially vertically extending wall elements are provided between the first and second plates as stiffening means, and / or b) at least one punch is guided through the second plate forming a guide plate to the first plate forming a support plate. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a further horizontal plate is arranged above the first plate, which is rigidly connected to the first plate and / or second plate. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that flat wall elements are formed as a one-piece continuation of the first and / or second and / or further plate and are angled against this in the direction of another plate. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and / or second and / or further plate on two opposite edges in the form of an angled wall element each facing another plate are continued and form with the wall elements a U-shaped partial support as part of the stamp carrier 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that a first, the second plate-containing partial support and at least one further the first plate and / or the further plate-containing partial support with mutually facing openings of their respective U-shapes interlocking to form a substantially cuboid hollow body are connected. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two sub-carriers are welded together. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by further stiffening means within the surfaces of the first plate to the second plate and / or the further plate. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cavity between the first and second and / or optionally the cavity between the first and further plate is at least partially filled with a weighting material. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stamp is laterally supported in the stamp opening of the guide plate. 10.The device according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the stamp is supported vertically on the downward-facing surface of the support plate. 11.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the stamp is designed as a longitudinal profile with a substantially unchanged cross section over its vertical extent. 12. The device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the stamp is designed as a tube. 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the stamp is designed as an open profile. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the stamp protrudes with at least one extension into a recess in the support plate. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the extension is welded in the recess. 16. The device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the stamp is welded to the underside of the guide plate with this. 17. The device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the stamp is releasably held by joining elements on the support plate and / or guide plate vertically. 18. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the vertical distance between the support plate and guide plate is at least 5 mm, preferably at least 25 mm, in particular at least 35 mm. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the vertical distance between the support plate and guide plate is at most 120 mm, in particular at most 80 mm. 20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the vertical distance between the support plate and guide plate is at least 10% of the total length of the stamp. 2 I .Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that a plurality of stamps are guided through associated separate openings in the guide plate. 22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that one or more stamps extend through the support plate through to the further plate. 23. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one stamp is attached to the underside of the second plate. 24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that the stamp is screwed or welded to the second plate. 25. The device according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that matching centering devices are provided on the second plate and the stamp. 26. Device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that above the first plate, connecting devices for releasably connecting the device to a molding machine are arranged. 27. The device according to claim 26, characterized in that the connection devices contain machine-adapted structures for releasable attachment to the molding machine. 28. The device according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the connection devices contain angled plates which are welded to the guide plate, support plate and / or guide plate directly or via connecting elements. 29. The device according to claim 25 or 27, characterized in that the connection devices are screwed to the first or further plate. 30. Device according to one of claims 26 to 29, characterized in that the first plate or further plate and connection devices have matching centering structures. 31. Product series with several products each containing a shape and a loading device with stamps, a stamp carrier and a connecting device with different loading devices, which match in the stamp lengths and / or in the heights of the connecting devices and contain stamp carriers of different heights, the stamp carriers containing at least two vertically include spaced plates and wall elements connecting them, and different heights of the stamp carriers are assigned different heights of the wall elements.