WO2003008188A1 - A transparent plate of transparency-controlled by pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transparent plate of transparency-controlled by pressure. The transparent plate is characterized that there is sealed flexibly transparent and concave-convexed functional film between two transparent sheets having a certain hardness and sealed periphery. The transparency of whole transparent sheet is controlled by changing applied pressure of both transparent sheets to functional film. The transparent plate can be a transparency-controllable plastic sheet capable of bending to certain degree and can be used to anywhere requested, or be used to modify existing glass to achieve a transparency-ajustable glass.

Description

 Transparent board for controlling transparency with pressure

TECHNICAL FIELD

 The invention belongs to a method for adjusting transparency of a transparent plate including a glass material by using air pressure.

Prior art prior to the present invention

 Glass as a better light-transmitting material has been widely used in modern life, but it is also because the transparency of general glass is fixed, and the transparency of a large number of coated glass and solar film for paste is also fixed. . In real life, due to the influence of weather, environment and various reasons, people also hope that glass can be controlled and changed its transparency arbitrarily according to different needs. In order to achieve this purpose, dimmable functional glasses that use multiple principles or work in different ways have been developed as window glass, but basically they are mainly based on electrochromic working methods. There are various methods such as liquid crystal, suspended particles, and electrolytic plating. Their basic working principles are different, but basically there are problems such as complex structures and high production costs. Among them, the liquid crystal type color-changing glass technology is relatively mature and has already begun to have certain applications in the market. Although it has the characteristics of simple working method and good technical performance, but due to its expensive construction, it is difficult to popularize and apply this type of structure in a short period of time.

In order to fundamentally solve the above-mentioned problems of the high cost of dimming glass made by these electrochromic technologies, a technology of glass dimming is introduced in Japanese patent application number JP6043500A2, entitled "LIGHT CONTROLLONG LAMINATED GLASS" technology, and its working principle For: In the middle of the laminated glass, there is a heater to change the transparency caused by the conversion between the gel and the sol. The Japanese patent application number JP019566A2 is named "LIGHT CONTROLLABLE GLASS STRUCTURE). In the technology, a working method of dimming glass is introduced: in a piece of insulating glass with a peripheral seal, it is equipped with electrodes and electrolyte. Bubbles grow or shrink to control the size of glass transparency. Japanese patent application No. JP203894A2, named ((PRODUCTION OF LIGHT— CONTROLLING GLASS AND LIGHT—CONTROLLING GLASS PRODUCED THEREB) In the technology, the effect of controlling the generation and disappearance of air bubbles in insulating glass on the transparency of glass is used to achieve the purpose of dimming In Japanese Patent Application No. JP155345A2, titled "WI DOW USING LIGHT CONTROLLING GLASS" technology, the method of generating and eliminating aerosol in sealed laminated glass is used to make the glass have different transparency, and then achieve the sandwich Glass has a dimming effect. Because these structures do not use double-sided transparent electrodes and other physical or chemical electrochromic materials, it is possible to greatly reduce the cost of dimming glass. However, due to its structural characteristics, there are also some shortcomings. : If the stability and reliability at work are poor, Affected by environmental temperature, large area uniformity is not good. Determined that this type of structure will be affected to some extent in the promotion and application. In the two applications with the Chinese patent numbers 99109913.3 and 99109970.2, the names of which are both "Method for Making an Adjustable Light-Transmitting Film", a film structure is introduced that uses pressure to adjust the transparency of a transparent film. Practical application tests show that after the film becomes transparent after air extraction, the film is too soft, which is prone to optical distortion, and the use effect is not ideal.

Object of the invention

 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the transparency of a transparent plate including a glass material using air pressure. It is characterized by a soft and transparent functional film sandwiched between two transparent sheets with a certain hardness and sealed at the periphery. The degree of pressure exerted on the functional films by the two transparent sheets is changed by changing the internal and external air pressure. Changes in transparency throughout the transparent board.

This invention technical solution

 • The method of the present invention is implemented as follows: The functional film is made of a soft and elastic transparent material, and at least one surface of the functional film is distributed with minute bumps and crisscross exhaust grooves. This function The film is sandwiched between two transparent thin plates with a certain hardness. The closed space formed by the peripheries of the two thin plates is sealed, and there is a pipe to the outside where appropriate. When the pipe communicates with the outside world, the internal and external air pressure is balanced, the functional film and the transparent flat plate are in a natural separation state, and the light passes through the transparent material and is evenly opaque due to the evenly distributed tiny bumps on the functional film. When the air enclosed by the functional film between the two sheets is extracted through a pipe, the functional film is made of a soft and elastic transparent material, and the surface of the functional film is evenly distributed with small bumps and bumps after being pressed by the sheet. Flattening deformation makes the gap between the functional film and the transparent film disappear and becomes a whole, and the light can be directly transmitted and become transparent.

The transparent plate with adjustable transparency made by the present invention can be made of various transparent glasses or plastics, such as a glass with controllable transparency, a plastic plate with controllable transparency, and the like. The transparent glass of all the windows, doors and curtain walls currently in use can also be transformed to make it a controlled transparency glass. The control method is also very simple. When it is required to be transparent, it can be kept in a transparent state after manual or electric extraction. When it is not needed, the control valve can be deflated to deflate. Compared with other structures with controllable transparency, the production and control method of the invention has advantages such as convenient installation, reliable work, good durability, unlimited working area, ideal light transmission effect, simple adjustment and control system, and low cost. In addition to energy consumption, other processes or conditions do not require energy consumption. Particularly suitable for the modification of existing glass to make it have the function of controllable transparency Figure i

 The basic structure of the present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings:

 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a transparent plate with pressure controlled transparency;

 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a functional film structure;

 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure when the material of the transparent plate is a transparent plastic sheet;

 4 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure when the material of the transparent plate is transparent glass;

 Figure 5 shows the working principle when the pressure control system is manual;

 Fig. 6 is a working principle diagram when the pressure control system is electric.

Examples

 Referring to Figure 1, the basic structure of a transparent plate with pressure controlled transparency is shown in the figure. The device consists of two transparent thin plates 1 and 2, with a functional film 3 sandwiched between them. The film 3 is made of a soft, transparent and elastic colloid material. The sealant 4 is processed with a special pattern on at least one side to seal the two transparent sheets, and is composed of a catheter .5 led out at an appropriate position. In use, when the conduit 5 communicates with the outside world without pressure difference, the functional film 3 and the two transparent sheets 1 and 2 are in a free state, and the light enters the transparent material and is diffused by the special pattern on the functional film 3 to become opaque. . When the air is drawn out from the duct 5, the air surrounding the functional film 3 enclosed between the two transparent sheets 1 and 2 is drawn out through the pipe 5, and the internal and external pressure difference increases. The transparent sheets 1 and 2 are compressed and deformed. Since the functional film 3 is made of a soft and elastic material, all the patterns on the functional film 3 are deformed and pressed against the transparent sheets 1 and 2, and the gap disappears into a joint. As a whole, the light can go straight and become transparent.

 Referring to FIG. 2, the functional film 3 with adjustable transparency is made of elastic colloid material. The special pattern on at least one side is composed of tiny uneven grains and crisscross small grooves. The tiny uneven grains can diffuse the incident light, and the small grooves can smooth the gas distributed around the particles when the functional film is pressed Squeeze out. The functional film can be made of transparent thermoplastic elastomer or transparent silicone colloid material, and its hardness should be less than 30 Shore hardness.

'' Referring to FIG. 3, when the material of the transparent plate is a transparent plastic sheet, the basic structure is as shown in the figure, and the two transparent plastic sheets 1 and 2 sandwiching the transparent functional film 3 are directly heated and fused together or sealed with one another. Adhesive seal. The material of the sheet can be made of methyl methacrylate polymer, linear (half-one) aromatic polyester, or polystyrene transparent plastic.

Referring to FIG. 4, when the material of the transparent plate is transparent glass, its basic structure is shown in the figure. In the clip Of the two transparent glasses of the functional film 3, one side strip 6 is adhered to the periphery of one glass 1, and the joint between the periphery of the other glass 2 and the side strip 6 is sealed with a sealant 7. Under the premise of keeping the two pieces of glass sealed, the two pieces of glass can be moved relatively slightly in parallel.

 Referring to Figure 5, a schematic diagram of the working principle when the pressure control system is manual. The duct 02 led from the gap between two transparent sheets of an adjustable transparency window 01 leads to a controllable normally closed valve 03 and check valve 05, and the other end of the check valve 05 is connected to the manual suction pump 06 and The other one-way valve 04 is connected. During work, the piston of the pump is pushed back and forth by hand to extract the air enclosed in the transparent sheet, and the functional film is clamped by the transparent sheet to become transparent under the action of atmospheric pressure. When the control button of valve 03 is pressed by hand, air enters and the functional film returns to its original state.

 Referring to Figure 6, a schematic diagram of the working principle when the pressure control system is electric. A duct 12 led from two transparent sheets of an adjustable transparency window 11 is connected to an electromagnetic on-off valve 13 and an electric suction pump 14 respectively. When working, it is necessary to open the pump 14 when the window is transparent. After a certain degree of vacuum is drawn, the pump 13 will automatically shut down and shut down. Open the solenoid on / off valve 13 if the window is opaque.

 In practical applications, there can be many embodiments using the present invention, which are described below by way of example. A plastic plate with controllable transparency uses two transparent plastic sheets with a certain hardness on the surface. A functional film with controllable transparency is sandwiched between the two sides and sealed at the periphery. A duct is introduced at an appropriate place to make a piece that can bend a certain degree of arc. Plastic sheet with controlled transparency. Place the sheet or stick it wherever transparency is needed, and connect the tubing to the appropriate valve and pump connections. This sheet is glued or placed on various flat or irregular curved glass, such as various curved architectural glass, automobile side and rear glass, etc., which can make these glasses have the function of controllable transparency.

Controllable transparency glass, take a piece of transparent glass as the bottom glass, put a functional film with controllable transparency, and then cover a piece of transparent glass or a transparent plastic sheet, and seal its periphery with the edge of the bottom glass. The tube is led out locally, and the tube is connected to the corresponding control valve and pump interface to become a truly controllable and transparent glass. The glass can be assembled on site after being assembled at the factory, or it can retrofit all existing glass. For example, it is possible to modify the existing various kinds of movable doors and windows glass, and then install the control valve and manual pump in the glass frame, with manual control as the main control. Usually the glass is in an opaque state. The suction pump makes the glass transparent like pulling a curtain by hand. For the transformation of large-area fixed glass, such as various glass curtain walls and interior glass partition walls, after the glass is transformed into a glass with controllable transparency, the transparency control method can be mainly based on electric remote control or automatic control. In order to enhance the practicality and aesthetics of the adjustable transparency transparent plate, the functional film sandwiched in the transparent sheet can also produce various specified patterns or characters, or put some required patterns or characters on the inside and outside of the sheet. These patterns or characters are not visible when the board is in an opaque state. Once in a transparent state, the patterns or characters can be seen in a transparent sheet. At the same time, other functional substances, such as some selective metal oxide fine particles, can be added to the material for making the functional film, so that the functional film can simultaneously block the ultraviolet and infrared rays of the sun. Add some pigments to give it color and so on. Eventually, ordinary low-cost transparent glass, which is currently being widely used, can be transformed into a high-performance glass with adjustable transparency and efficient blocking of ultraviolet and infrared rays without replacement.

 In use, it is sometimes required to control the transparency in a region of a piece of glass. The glass can be separated by the functional film to close the required closed partition space, and the ducts communicating with these closed spaces can be controlled to achieve this goal.

Claims

Right M requirement  1. A transparent plate for pressure control transparency, which is composed of two transparent plates 1 and 2 with a certain hardness, a functional film 3 sandwiched between them, the two plates are sealed at the periphery, and have a pipe 5 communicating with the outside. : The functional film 3 is made of a transparent colloid material with a special pattern processed on at least one side. 2. The transparent plate for pressure-controlling transparency according to claim 1, characterized in that the pattern processed on at least one side of the functional film 3 is composed of minute uneven grains and crisscross small grooves.  3. The transparent plate for pressure-controlling transparency according to claim 1, characterized in that the hardness of the functional film '3 should be lower than the Shore hardness of 30 or less.  4. The transparent plate for pressure control transparency according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the functional thin film 3 can be made of a transparent thermoplastic elastomer type or a transparent silicone type colloid material.  5. The transparent plate for pressure control transparency according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the selective material for the functional thin film 3 can be added with some selective metal oxide fine particles.  6. The transparent plate for pressure control transparency according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the transparent thin plate can be made of methyl methacrylate polymer, linear (semi-one) aromatic polyester, Or made of styrene plastic.  7. The transparent plate for pressure control transparency according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the periphery of the two transparent plastic thin plates sandwiching the functional thin sheet is directly heated and fused together or sealed with a sealant. 8. The transparent plate for pressure-controlling transparency according to claim 1, wherein various transparent glasses can be used as a material for the transparent thin plate. 9. The transparent plate for pressure control transparency according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: one edge 6 is adhered to the periphery of one glass 1, and the sealant for the joint between the periphery of the other glass 2 and the edge 6 7 Seal.  The transparent plate for pressure-controlling transparency according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air surrounding the functional film 3 sealed between the thin plates 1 and 2 is put in or drawn out through the guide pipe 5.