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WO2003095692A1 - Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component - Google Patents

Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003095692A1
WO2003095692A1 PCT/SE2003/000770 SE0300770W WO03095692A1 WO 2003095692 A1 WO2003095692 A1 WO 2003095692A1 SE 0300770 W SE0300770 W SE 0300770W WO 03095692 A1 WO03095692 A1 WO 03095692A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alloy
cast iron
present
internal combustion
alloy according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2003/000770
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Martti Penttinen
Tobias BJÖRKLIND
Carl BJÖRKMAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scania CV AB
Original Assignee
Scania CV AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania CV AB filed Critical Scania CV AB
Priority to EP03750007A priority Critical patent/EP1506323B1/en
Priority to JP2004503680A priority patent/JP4137054B2/en
Priority to AU2003243063A priority patent/AU2003243063A1/en
Priority to SI200331893T priority patent/SI1506323T1/en
Priority to DE60333748T priority patent/DE60333748D1/en
Priority to KR1020047018233A priority patent/KR100616649B1/en
Priority to DK03750007.1T priority patent/DK1506323T3/en
Priority to AT03750007T priority patent/ATE477347T1/en
Priority to BRPI0309975-0A priority patent/BR0309975B1/en
Publication of WO2003095692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003095692A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a grey cast iron alloy. More specifically, the present invention concerns a substantially pearlitic grey cast iron comprising further alloying elements for improved fatigue strength.
  • the invention further concerns an internal combustion engine component, cast from grey cast iron alloy according to the invention.
  • Grey cast iron is a most attractive material for e.g. internal combustion engine blocks for vehicles due to a relatively low cost and yet good to excellent perform- ance.
  • Compositions within quite a wide range are previously known, such compositions normally being a compromise between properties, such as tensile strength, wear properties etc., of the material as used and production properties, such as cost, machinability etc.
  • a base material 0120 has a composition according to Table 1 below and a common standard alloy has a composition also according to Table 1, the Scania standard alloy providing a grey cast iron with a pearlitic structure and a sound (pore free) material due to a comparatively high carbon content.
  • Table 1 a composition according to Table 1 below
  • a common standard alloy has a composition also according to Table 1, the Scania standard alloy providing a grey cast iron with a pearlitic structure and a sound (pore free) material due to a comparatively high carbon content.
  • an improved fatigue strength is today desirable as a complement to the present properties and would extend the possible use of such a prior art grey cast iron.
  • Fig. 1 shows W ⁇ hler fatigue curves for a base alloy, a standard alloy and an alloy according to the invention.
  • the alloy according to the present invention is a grey cast iron having a substantially pearlitic structure, the carbon content being 3.2 - 3.49 %.
  • the comparatively high carbon content promotes a sound structure.
  • Additions of 0.2 - 0.4 % chromium, having pearlite/carbide stabilizing properties, provides a fine pearlitic structure.
  • additives of 0.1 - 0.4 % molybdenum, 0.03 - 0.3 % vanadium, 0.007 - 0.015 % titanium and ⁇ 0.15 % niobium act, in addition to their carbide forming properties, as nuclei providing a fine pearlitic and flake graphite structure as cast (both as pri- mary and secondary precipitated carbides). Molybdenum also stabilises pearlite at elevated temperatures.
  • Silicon is present in an amount of 1.8 - 2.2 % promoting grey iron formation.
  • Copper here in an amount of 0.3 - 1.0 %, promotes pearlite formation and stabilizes the pearlite and also promotes the fine structure formation.
  • the content of sulphur and phosphorus should be held below 0.15 %.
  • Nitrogen 0.005 - 0.017 %, compacts flake graphite and promotes pearlite formation, and aluminium, ⁇ 0.01 %, act as graphite formation agent.
  • the grey cast iron alloy further comprises iron and normal impurities to balance.
  • the amounts of titanium, nitrogen and aluminium are in the normal impurity range but may be preferred. Examples:
  • Fatigue test samples were taken from each casting and fatigue tests were performed.
  • the grey cast iron alloy according to the invention is extremely useful for internal combustion cast engine components, such as engine block com- ponents, the alloy combining machinability, soundness and high fatigue strength.
  • the alloy is also useful for other components such as cylinder heads, etc. Table 1. Grey cast iron compositions, % by weight, according to prior art and the invention

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

A substantially perlitic, grey cast iron alloy comprising, by weight, 3.2 - 3.49% carbon, 1.8 - 2.2% silicon, < 0.15% sulphur, < 0.15% phosphorus, 0.3 - 0.8% manganese, 0.2 - 0.4% chromium, 0.1 - 0.4% molybdenum, 0.03 - 0.3% vanadium, 0.3 - 1.0% copper, < 0.15% niobium, the balance iron and impurities.

Description

GREY CAST IRON ALLOY AND CAST INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPONENT
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the invention
The present invention concerns a grey cast iron alloy. More specifically, the present invention concerns a substantially pearlitic grey cast iron comprising further alloying elements for improved fatigue strength.
The invention further concerns an internal combustion engine component, cast from grey cast iron alloy according to the invention.
2. Description of the prior art
Grey cast iron is a most attractive material for e.g. internal combustion engine blocks for vehicles due to a relatively low cost and yet good to excellent perform- ance. Compositions within quite a wide range are previously known, such compositions normally being a compromise between properties, such as tensile strength, wear properties etc., of the material as used and production properties, such as cost, machinability etc.
Thus, for cast internal combustion engine blocks a base material 0120 has a composition according to Table 1 below and a common standard alloy has a composition also according to Table 1, the Scania standard alloy providing a grey cast iron with a pearlitic structure and a sound (pore free) material due to a comparatively high carbon content. However, although fully acceptable at present, an improved fatigue strength is today desirable as a complement to the present properties and would extend the possible use of such a prior art grey cast iron.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a grey cast iron with a comparatively sound structure and offering good machinability properties and having, in addition, a substantially improved fatigue strength compared to that of a standard alloy.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a grey cast iron internal combustion engine component, such as an engine block, having a substantially improved fatigue strength compared to that of a standard alloy.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is obtained by a grey cast iron according to the accompanying claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
Further, the object of the present invention is obtained by a grey cast iron internal combustion engine component according to the accompanying claim 9. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Fig. 1 shows Wδhler fatigue curves for a base alloy, a standard alloy and an alloy according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following description all percentages given for elements in the alloys specified are given as percentage by weight. The alloy according to the present invention is a grey cast iron having a substantially pearlitic structure, the carbon content being 3.2 - 3.49 %. The comparatively high carbon content promotes a sound structure. Additions of 0.2 - 0.4 % chromium, having pearlite/carbide stabilizing properties, provides a fine pearlitic structure.
Additions of 0.1 - 0.4 % molybdenum, 0.03 - 0.3 % vanadium, 0.007 - 0.015 % titanium and < 0.15 % niobium act, in addition to their carbide forming properties, as nuclei providing a fine pearlitic and flake graphite structure as cast (both as pri- mary and secondary precipitated carbides). Molybdenum also stabilises pearlite at elevated temperatures.
Silicon is present in an amount of 1.8 - 2.2 % promoting grey iron formation.
0.3 - 0.8 % manganese is present as a pearlite stabilizing agent.
Copper, here in an amount of 0.3 - 1.0 %, promotes pearlite formation and stabilizes the pearlite and also promotes the fine structure formation.
The content of sulphur and phosphorus should be held below 0.15 %.
Nitrogen, 0.005 - 0.017 %, compacts flake graphite and promotes pearlite formation, and aluminium, < 0.01 %, act as graphite formation agent.
The grey cast iron alloy further comprises iron and normal impurities to balance. The amounts of titanium, nitrogen and aluminium are in the normal impurity range but may be preferred. Examples:
1500 kg batches were prepared, each batch being cast to four 300 kg engine blocks, casting starting at 1420°C and the temperature dropping about 10°C during the casting procedure.
Ten different combinations, batches, of molybdenum, vanadium, titanium and niobium, using a base alloy, were produced.
Further, the nitrogen and aluminium content was varied in 16 different batches with different nuclei forming agents (inoculants).
Fatigue test samples were taken from each casting and fatigue tests were performed.
Still further, batches combining the composition showing the best results from the previous tests were produced and fatigue tested.
Results are shown in Fig. 1, curve 3 corresponding to compositions within the com- position ranges according to the invention, this composition also being shown in Table 1.
The grey cast irons according to the invention offer about 40 % higher fatigue strength than a grey cast iron base alloy and about 30 % higher fatigue strength than a standard engine block grey cast iron and still offering a grey cast iron which fulfils high performance with respect to machinability, soundness, etc.
As mentioned above, the grey cast iron alloy according to the invention is extremely useful for internal combustion cast engine components, such as engine block com- ponents, the alloy combining machinability, soundness and high fatigue strength. The alloy is also useful for other components such as cylinder heads, etc. Table 1. Grey cast iron compositions, % by weight, according to prior art and the invention
Alloy
Compoi ind Base 0120 Standard Invention Preferred Example alloy in general embodialloy 3 ment of Fig.1
C 3.2-3.5 -3.4 3.2-3.49 3.3-3.4 3.37
Si 1.8-2.3 -2.0 1.8-2.2 1.8-2.2 1.8
S 0.06-0.15 <0.14 <0.15 <0.1 0.1
P <0.20 <0.10 <0.15 <0.05 0.05
Mn 0.6-0.8 0.6-0.8 0.3-0.8 0.4-0.6 0.68
Cr 0.2-0.35 0.2 - 0.4 0.2-0.4 0.34
Mo 0.1-0.4 0.2-0.3 0.26
V 0.03 - 0.3 0.05-0.1 0.1
Cu 0.4-0.8 0.3-1.0 0.5-1.0 0.6
Ni <0.1 <0.1
Ti 0.007-0.015 0.007-0.013 0.013
Nb <0.15 <0.10 0.04
N 0.005-0.017 0.005-0.015 i 0.10
Sn <0.1 <0.1
Al <0.01 <0.01

Claims

Claims1. A substantially pearlitic grey cast iron alloy comprising, by weight, 3.2 - 3.49 % carbon
1.8 - 2.2 % silicon
< 0.15 % sulphur
< 0.15 % phosphorus 0.3 - 0.8 % manganese 0.2 - 0.4 % chromium
0.1 - 0.4 % molybdenum 0.03 - 0.3 % vanadium 0.3 - 1.0 % copper
< 0.15 % niobium the balance iron and impurities.
2. An alloy according to claim 1, comprising 3.3 - 3.4 % carbon
1.8 - 2.2 % silicon < 0.1 % sulphur
< 0.05 % phosphorus 0.4 - 0.6 % manganese 0.2 - 0.4 % chromium 0.2 - 0.3 % molybdenum 0.05 - 0.1 % vanadium.
3. An alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that vanadium is present to an amount less than 0.1 %.
4. An alloy according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that titanium is present to an amount of 0.007 - 0.015 %.
5. An alloy according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that nitrogen is present to an amount of 0.005 - 0.015 %.
6. An alloy according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that aluminium is present to an amount less than 0.01 %.
7. An alloy according to anyone of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that nickel is present to an amount less than 0.1 %.
8. An alloy according to anyone of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that tin is present to an amount less than 0.1 %.
9. An internal combustion, cast engine component made of a substantially pearlitic grey cast iron alloy, said alloy comprising
3.2 - 3.49 % carbon 1.8 - 2.2 % silicon
< 0.15 % sulphur
< 0.15 % phosphorus 0.3 - 0.8 % manganese
0.2 - 0.4 % chromium 0.1 - 0.4 % molybdenum 0.03 - 0.3 % vanadium 0.3 - 1.0 % copper 0.007 - 0.013 % titanium
< 0.15 % niobium 0.005 - 0.015 % nitrogen
< 0.01 % aluminium the balance iron and impurities.
0. A component according to claim 9, characterized in that it is an engine block component or a cylinder head component.
PCT/SE2003/000770 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component Ceased WO2003095692A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03750007A EP1506323B1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component
JP2004503680A JP4137054B2 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and internal combustion engine casting parts
AU2003243063A AU2003243063A1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component
SI200331893T SI1506323T1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component
DE60333748T DE60333748D1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 GRAY CAST IRON ALLOY AND COMBUSTION ENGINE COMPONENT
KR1020047018233A KR100616649B1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and internal combustion engine casting parts
DK03750007.1T DK1506323T3 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 Gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component
AT03750007T ATE477347T1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 GRAY CAST IRON ALLOY AND COMBUSTION ENGINE CASTING COMPONENT
BRPI0309975-0A BR0309975B1 (en) 2002-05-13 2003-05-12 gray cast iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0201431A SE526903C2 (en) 2002-05-13 2002-05-13 Gray iron alloy and cast internal combustion engine component
SE0201431-4 2002-05-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003095692A1 true WO2003095692A1 (en) 2003-11-20

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EP (1) EP1506323B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4137054B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100616649B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1320150C (en)
AT (1) ATE477347T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003243063A1 (en)
BR (1) BR0309975B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60333748D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1506323T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2350478T3 (en)
SE (1) SE526903C2 (en)
SI (1) SI1506323T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003095692A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP1606427A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2005-12-21 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Grey cast iron for engine cylinder block and cylinder head
WO2008105987A1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-04 Caterpillar Inc. High strength gray cast iron containing niobium
DE102004010917B4 (en) 2004-03-05 2008-11-20 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Cast iron material with high strength
WO2011012786A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Cylinder sleeve for lining the cylindrical wall of an internal combustion engine cylinder
CN102409246A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-04-11 河南省中原内配股份有限公司 Bainite cylinder sleeve liner and preparation method thereof
EP2646589A4 (en) * 2010-12-02 2016-11-30 Scania Cv Ab GRAY CAST ALLOY AND BRAKE DISC CONTAINING GRAY CAST IRON ALLOY
CN116640981A (en) * 2023-05-23 2023-08-25 山西汤荣机械制造股份有限公司 Molybdenum-vanadium alloy brake drum and manufacturing method thereof

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CN102465230A (en) * 2010-11-17 2012-05-23 常州朗锐活塞有限公司 Alloy cast iron piston material
JP5698852B2 (en) * 2012-02-17 2015-04-08 本田技研工業株式会社 Cast iron and brake parts
CN102876963A (en) * 2012-09-05 2013-01-16 忻峰 Anti-fatigue cast iron alloy
CN102864369A (en) * 2012-09-05 2013-01-09 陈敏 Anti-fatigue cast iron alloy
CN102851567A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-02 虞海香 Cast iron alloy
CN102864367A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-09 虞海盈 Gray cast iron alloy
CN102864370A (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-01-09 黄宣斐 Grey cast iron alloy material
CN103572150A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-02-12 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Engine air cylinder cover gray cast iron
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CN103834852A (en) * 2014-03-19 2014-06-04 四川大学 A kind of tin-niobium composite alloy gray cast iron and its production process
CN104313456A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-01-28 熊荣鑫 Anti-fatigue iron alloy
CN104962839A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-10-07 南京飞燕活塞环股份有限公司 Piston ring material high in wear resistance, fracture resistance, and hardness
CN104962820A (en) * 2015-06-11 2015-10-07 龙口市和义机械配件有限公司 Alloy steel for racing car brake disc and preparation method of alloy steel
EP3315624B1 (en) * 2016-09-05 2020-06-10 Tpr Co., Ltd. Cylindrical member made from lamellar graphite cast iron
CN108070778A (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-25 山东恒圆精工部件股份有限公司 Piston ring cast-iron alloy and its manufacturing method
CN107119221B (en) * 2017-04-26 2018-08-07 含山县朝霞铸造有限公司 A kind of micro alloyed high strength grey cast iron part and its method of smelting
CN108913985A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-30 东风商用车有限公司 High-carbon-equivalent high-strength gray cast iron and preparation method thereof
CN109182890B (en) * 2018-10-19 2020-05-26 中车大连机车车辆有限公司 Gray cast iron and smelting method thereof
CN110079726B (en) * 2019-06-01 2021-04-06 亚新科国际铸造（山西）有限公司 Process for improving normal-temperature tension-compression fatigue strength of gray cast iron engine cylinder cover
CN111334705A (en) * 2020-04-07 2020-06-26 中原内配集团股份有限公司 High-strength pearlite antifriction cast iron and preparation method and application thereof
US11879168B2 (en) * 2021-08-31 2024-01-23 GM Global Technology Operations LLC High-modulus, high-strength, low alloy gray cast iron for cylinder liners and automotive applications
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1606427A1 (en) 2003-03-19 2005-12-21 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Grey cast iron for engine cylinder block and cylinder head
DE102004010917B4 (en) 2004-03-05 2008-11-20 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Cast iron material with high strength
DE102004010917C5 (en) 2004-03-05 2018-05-17 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Cast iron material with high strength
WO2008105987A1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-09-04 Caterpillar Inc. High strength gray cast iron containing niobium
US8333923B2 (en) 2007-02-28 2012-12-18 Caterpillar Inc. High strength gray cast iron
WO2011012786A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA Cylinder sleeve for lining the cylindrical wall of an internal combustion engine cylinder
FR2948744A1 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa CYLINDER SHOE FOR THE CUTTING OF THE CYLINDRICAL WALL OF A CYLINDER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
EP2646589A4 (en) * 2010-12-02 2016-11-30 Scania Cv Ab GRAY CAST ALLOY AND BRAKE DISC CONTAINING GRAY CAST IRON ALLOY
CN102409246A (en) * 2011-12-09 2012-04-11 河南省中原内配股份有限公司 Bainite cylinder sleeve liner and preparation method thereof
CN116640981A (en) * 2023-05-23 2023-08-25 山西汤荣机械制造股份有限公司 Molybdenum-vanadium alloy brake drum and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Publication date
SI1506323T1 (en) 2011-01-31
KR20050010796A (en) 2005-01-28
CN1320150C (en) 2007-06-06
DK1506323T3 (en) 2010-11-22
CN1653202A (en) 2005-08-10
KR100616649B1 (en) 2006-08-28
BR0309975A (en) 2005-02-22
SE526903C2 (en) 2005-11-15
ES2350478T3 (en) 2011-01-24
DE60333748D1 (en) 2010-09-23
JP2005525468A (en) 2005-08-25
AU2003243063A1 (en) 2003-11-11
EP1506323A1 (en) 2005-02-16
BR0309975B1 (en) 2010-12-14
ATE477347T1 (en) 2010-08-15
EP1506323B1 (en) 2010-08-11
JP4137054B2 (en) 2008-08-20
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