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WO2003067970A1 - Pearl culture method - Google Patents

Pearl culture method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003067970A1
WO2003067970A1 PCT/FR2003/000422 FR0300422W WO03067970A1 WO 2003067970 A1 WO2003067970 A1 WO 2003067970A1 FR 0300422 W FR0300422 W FR 0300422W WO 03067970 A1 WO03067970 A1 WO 03067970A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oyster
species
donor
recipient
genus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR2003/000422
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French (fr)
Inventor
Robert Wan
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2003226871A priority Critical patent/AU2003226871A1/en
Publication of WO2003067970A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003067970A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pearl cultivation method.
  • a culture method comprising the steps of cutting a graft from a coat of a donor oyster and introducing the graft with a nucleus into a gonad pocket of a recipient oyster. After a determined period, generally equal to two years, during which the nucleus has been covered with mother-of-pearl by the donor oyster, the donor oyster is opened and the pearl obtained is extracted.
  • the color of the pearl obtained is identical to that of the oysters. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the donor oyster and the recipient oyster must be of the same genus and of the same species. Studies have been carried out on the use of a donor oyster which is a variant of the recipient oyster. The results of these studies were published in particular in the magazine SHINJU 40 pages 71 to 86 and it appears that the color of the pearl obtained would necessarily be that of the donor oyster.
  • This property was in particular used to obtain white pearls by using as oysters receiving oysters of the genus Pinctada normal Fucata species which generally give pearls of color of a yellowish white but in which it was possible to cultivate pearls of pure white using a graft taken from the mantle of a donor oyster of the genus Pinctada species Fucata variant albino.
  • This technique of obtaining white pearls is in particular recalled in the article AQUACULTURE 125 pages 59 to 65 of KATSUHIKO ADA and AKIRA KOMARU published in 1994 by ELSEVIER Science BV for obtaining white pearls called AKOYA.
  • a culture method of the type recalled above is proposed in which the donor oyster and the recipient oyster are of different colors from one another. Contrary to the prejudice recalled above according to which the color of the pearl obtained should normally be that of the donor oyster, it has in fact been found that it was possible by the process according to the invention to obtain pearls on a regular basis showing an intermediate color between the color of the donor oyster and the color of the recipient oyster. Thus, by means of the method according to the invention, it is possible by appropriate selection of the donor oyster and of the recipient oyster to obtain extremely varied colors making it possible to produce original compositions.
  • the donor oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera variant albino while the recipient oyster is an oyster of the genus Pincada species Margaritifera normal.
  • the pearl obtained then has a very soft silvery gray orient with pastel color reflections such as pigeon throat.
  • the donor oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada normal Maculata species and the recipient oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada normal Margaritifera species.
  • the pearl obtained is a golden pearl with dark reflections having a very shimmering orient.
  • the invention has been " described in relation to a recipient oyster of dark color and donor oysters of light color, provision can be made to invert these colors, for example by putting a graft of an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera in the gonad pocket of an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Fucata normal. It is also possible to use as oyster donor or recipient an oyster of a genus or species different from those mentioned, for example an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Maxima, thus obtaining pearls with different shades of gold or silver.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pearl culture method consisting in cutting a graft from the mantle of a donor oyster and introducing said graft along with a nucleus into the gonad of a recipient oyster. According to the invention, the donor oyster and the recipient oyster are different colours.

Description

Procédé de culture de perles. Pearl cultivation process.

La présente invention concerne un procédé de culture de perles.The present invention relates to a pearl cultivation method.

Pour réaliser de façon industrielle des perles dites perles de culture, on connaît un procédé de culture comprenant les étapes de découper un greffon dans un manteau d'une huître donneuse et introduire le greffon avec un nucleus dans une poche gonadique d'une huître receveuse. Après une période déterminée, généralement égale à deux ans, pendant laquelle le nucleus a été recouvert de nacre par l'huître donneuse, l'huître donneuse est ouverte et la perle obtenue est extraite.To produce pearls known as cultured pearls on an industrial scale, a culture method is known comprising the steps of cutting a graft from a coat of a donor oyster and introducing the graft with a nucleus into a gonad pocket of a recipient oyster. After a determined period, generally equal to two years, during which the nucleus has been covered with mother-of-pearl by the donor oyster, the donor oyster is opened and the pearl obtained is extracted.

Lorsque l'huître donneuse et de l'huître receveuse sont identiques, la couleur de la perle obtenue est identique à celle des huîtres. Par ailleurs, il est généralement admis que l'huître donneuse et l'huître receveuse doivent être du même genre et de la même espèce. Des études ont été réalisées sur l'utilisation d'une huître donneuse qui est un variant de l'huître receveuse. Le résultat de ces études a été publié en particulier dans le magazine SHINJU 40 pages 71 à 86 et il en ressort que la couleur de la perle obtenue serait nécessairement celle de l'huître donneuse. Cette propriété a en particulier été utilisée pour obtenir des perles blanches en utilisant comme huîtres rece- veuses des huîtres du genre Pinctada espèce Fucata normale qui donnent généralement des perles de couleur d'un blanc jaunâtre mais dans lesquelles on a pu cultiver des perles d'un blanc pur en utilisant un greffon prélevé dans le manteau d'une huître donneuse du genre Pinctada espèce Fucata variant albinos. Cette technique d'obtention de perles blanches est en particulier rappelée dans l'article AQUACULTURE 125 pages 59 à 65 de KATSUHIKO ADA et AKIRA KOMARU publié en 1994 par les Editions ELSEVIER Science B.V. pour l'obtention de perles blanches dites AKOYA . On connaît par ailleurs des perles de couleur foncée cultivées dans des huîtres du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera particulièrement connues pour leur orient sombre allant généralement du noir à la couleur aubergine .When the donor oyster and the recipient oyster are identical, the color of the pearl obtained is identical to that of the oysters. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that the donor oyster and the recipient oyster must be of the same genus and of the same species. Studies have been carried out on the use of a donor oyster which is a variant of the recipient oyster. The results of these studies were published in particular in the magazine SHINJU 40 pages 71 to 86 and it appears that the color of the pearl obtained would necessarily be that of the donor oyster. This property was in particular used to obtain white pearls by using as oysters receiving oysters of the genus Pinctada normal Fucata species which generally give pearls of color of a yellowish white but in which it was possible to cultivate pearls of pure white using a graft taken from the mantle of a donor oyster of the genus Pinctada species Fucata variant albino. This technique of obtaining white pearls is in particular recalled in the article AQUACULTURE 125 pages 59 to 65 of KATSUHIKO ADA and AKIRA KOMARU published in 1994 by ELSEVIER Science BV for obtaining white pearls called AKOYA. There are also known dark-colored pearls cultivated in oysters of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera particularly known for their dark orient generally ranging from black to eggplant color.

Ces perles de couleur sombre connaissent un grand succès mais il est souhaitable de pouvoir cultiver des perles ayant de nouvelles couleurs pour réaliser des compositions variées de différentes couleurs ou de différen- tes nuances d'une même couleur.These dark-colored pearls are very successful, but it is desirable to be able to cultivate pearls having new colors in order to produce various compositions of different colors or of different shades of the same color.

Selon l'invention, on propose un procédé de culture du type rappelé ci-dessus dans lequel l'huître donneuse et de l'huître receveuse sont de couleurs différentes l'une de l'autre. Contrairement au préjugé rappelé ci-dessus selon lequel la couleur de la perle obtenue devrait normalement être celle de l'huître donneuse, on a en effet constaté qu'il était possible par le procédé selon l'invention d'obtenir de façon régulière des perles présentant une couleur intermédiaire entre la couleur de l'huître donneuse et la couleur de l'huître receveuse. Ainsi, au moyen du procédé selon l'invention, il est possible par une sélection appropriée de l'huître donneuse et de l'huître receveuse d'obtenir des couleurs extrêmement va- riées permettant de réaliser des compositions originales. Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre particulier de l'invention, l'huître donneuse est une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera variant albinos tandis que l'huître receveuse est une huître du genre Pinc- tada espèce Margaritifera normale. La perle obtenue présente alors un orient gris argenté très doux avec des reflets de couleur pastel type gorge de pigeon.According to the invention, a culture method of the type recalled above is proposed in which the donor oyster and the recipient oyster are of different colors from one another. Contrary to the prejudice recalled above according to which the color of the pearl obtained should normally be that of the donor oyster, it has in fact been found that it was possible by the process according to the invention to obtain pearls on a regular basis showing an intermediate color between the color of the donor oyster and the color of the recipient oyster. Thus, by means of the method according to the invention, it is possible by appropriate selection of the donor oyster and of the recipient oyster to obtain extremely varied colors making it possible to produce original compositions. According to a first particular embodiment of the invention, the donor oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera variant albino while the recipient oyster is an oyster of the genus Pincada species Margaritifera normal. The pearl obtained then has a very soft silvery gray orient with pastel color reflections such as pigeon throat.

Selon un second mode de réalisation particulier du procédé selon l'invention, l'huître donneuse est une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Maculata normale et l'huître receveuse est une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera normale. La perle obtenue est une perle dorée à reflets sombres ayant un orient très chatoyant . Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de mise en oeuvre décrit et on peut y apporter des modifications sans sortir du cadre de l'invention tel que défini par les revendications.According to a second particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, the donor oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada normal Maculata species and the recipient oyster is an oyster of the genus Pinctada normal Margaritifera species. The pearl obtained is a golden pearl with dark reflections having a very shimmering orient. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and modifications can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

En particulier, bien que l'invention ait été" dé- crite en relation avec une huître receveuse de couleur sombre et des huîtres donneuses de couleur claire, on peut prévoir d'inverser ces couleurs, par exemple en mettant un greffon d'une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera dans la poche gonadique d'une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Fucata normale. On peut également utiliser comme huître donneuse ou receveuse une huître d'un genre ou d'une espèce différents de ceux énoncés, par exemple une huître du genre Pinctada espèce Maxima. On obtient ainsi des perles présentant différentes nuan- ces dorées ou argentées. In particular, although the invention has been " described in relation to a recipient oyster of dark color and donor oysters of light color, provision can be made to invert these colors, for example by putting a graft of an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera in the gonad pocket of an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Fucata normal. It is also possible to use as oyster donor or recipient an oyster of a genus or species different from those mentioned, for example an oyster of the genus Pinctada species Maxima, thus obtaining pearls with different shades of gold or silver.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé de culture de perles comprenant les étapes de découper un greffon dans un manteau d'une huî- tre donneuse et introduire le greffon avec un nucleus dans une poche gonadique d'une huître receveuse, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse et l'huître receveuse sont de couleurs différentes l'une de l'autre.1. A pearl culture method comprising the steps of cutting a graft from a mantle of a donor oyster and introducing the graft with a nucleus into a gonad pocket of a recipient oyster, characterized in that the donor oyster and the recipient oysters are different colors from each other. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse est du genre Pinctada espèce2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the donor oyster is of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera albinos et l'huître receveuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera normale.Albino Margaritifera and the recipient oyster is of the genus Pinctada normal Margaritifera species. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Maculata normale et l'huître receveuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera normale.3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the donor oyster is of the genus Pinctada normal Maculata species and the recipient oyster is of the genus Pinctada normal Margaritifera species. 4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera normale et l'huître receveuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Fucata normale.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the donor oyster is of the genus Pinctada normal Margaritifera species and the recipient oyster is of the genus Pinctada normal Fucata species. 5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Maculata ou Margaritifera et l'huitre receveuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Maxima. 5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the donor oyster is of the genus Pinctada species Maculata or Margaritifera and the recipient oyster is of the genus Pinctada species Maxima. 6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'huître donneuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Maxima et l'huître receveuse est du genre Pinctada espèce Margaritifera . 6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the donor oyster is of the genus Pinctada species Maxima and the recipient oyster is of the genus Pinctada species Margaritifera.
PCT/FR2003/000422 2002-02-13 2003-02-11 Pearl culture method Ceased WO2003067970A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003226871A AU2003226871A1 (en) 2002-02-13 2003-02-11 Pearl culture method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR02/01763 2002-02-13
FR0201763A FR2835700B1 (en) 2002-02-13 2002-02-13 PROCESS FOR CULTIVATION OF PEARLS

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WO2003067970A1 true WO2003067970A1 (en) 2003-08-21

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FR (1) FR2835700B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003067970A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2996982A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-25 Robert Wan Holding Graft for obtaining pearl beads, has band that is cut along periphery of coating of nacreous mollusk donor, where band is provided with external epithelium, and fragment of middle pad, and epithelium is separated from internal epithelium
CN103858804A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-18 金华职业技术学院 Method for cultivating multi-color pearl
CN103975884A (en) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-13 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Seedling clamping type crassostrea hongkongensis middle incubation method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11137115A (en) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-25 Orient Pearl Kk Cultured pearl and its acquisition

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11137115A (en) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-25 Orient Pearl Kk Cultured pearl and its acquisition

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AQUACULTURE, vol. 142, no. 1-2, 1996, pages 25 - 32, ISSN: 0044-8486 *
DATABASE BIOSIS [online] BIOSCIENCES INFORMATION SERVICE, PHILADELPHIA, PA, US; 1996, WADA K T ET AL: "Color and weight of pearls produced by grafting the mantle tissue from a selected population for white shell color of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (Dunker).", XP002216611, Database accession no. PREV199699101129 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 10 31 August 1999 (1999-08-31) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2996982A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-25 Robert Wan Holding Graft for obtaining pearl beads, has band that is cut along periphery of coating of nacreous mollusk donor, where band is provided with external epithelium, and fragment of middle pad, and epithelium is separated from internal epithelium
CN103858804A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-18 金华职业技术学院 Method for cultivating multi-color pearl
CN103975884A (en) * 2014-06-03 2014-08-13 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Seedling clamping type crassostrea hongkongensis middle incubation method
CN103975884B (en) * 2014-06-03 2017-02-01 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 Seedling clamping type crassostrea hongkongensis middle incubation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2835700B1 (en) 2006-04-07
AU2003226871A1 (en) 2003-09-04
FR2835700A1 (en) 2003-08-15

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