WO2003066966A1 - Block having surface layer piece attached thereto - Google Patents

Abstract

A paving block with a rubber piece made from, e.g., a used tire, for reducing echoes, noise, wear, icing on the block surface, adhering force of ice, shocks in collisions, etc. The block having high dimensional accuracy and comprising strong rubber piece that does not peel away for a log period is provided by a simple and low-cost method. The method is applied to provide diverse construction blocks to which materials, other than rubber, with various characteristics are attached. A square piece of rubber is cut off from a tire with non-uniform, uneven thickness caused by wear. This piece of rubber is made a surface layer piece (1) of a block, and asphalt that functions as a bonding portion (2) is applied to the back side of the surface layer piece (1). Concrete is placed directly on the asphalt as a curing body (3). The concrete placement thickness is adjusted so that the entire block has a predetermined thickness, and the concrete is cured. Using a holding arm (7), a net-like member (5), a separator (33), a joint (34), etc. can increase the strength of the block.

Description

 Description Block with surface layer attached

 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction block mainly attached with fragments such as automobile tires.

 Conventionally, rubber materials such as old tires, which are difficult to dispose of, are pasted on the surface of pavement and revetment blocks as a surface layer to produce reverberation noise, generated noise, abrasion, surface icing, icing, and adhesion force. Many effects were obtained, such as reducing the impact of In the production method for this purpose, the rubber was subdivided and granulated, and a granular rubber plate resolidified with resin was manufactured. This method eliminated the differences in tire shape and degree of wear and made it an industrial product of a certain standard.

 However, there were drawbacks that special equipment was required for subdivision and resolidification, and processing was expensive. In addition, the rubber obtained by resolidifying the granular rubber has much lower durability than the original rubber material, and has a drawback that its application in severe environments such as roadways and outer walls is limited.

For other materials such as wood, glass, stone, etc., the procedure to subdivide and resolidify into surface layer pieces was the same, and there were similar disadvantages in cost and durability. In other words, both disadvantages are caused when the block is manufactured to a specified thickness when a material supplied in a random thickness is used for the surface layer piece. In the past, many attempts have been made to attach rubber pieces to the surface of hardened concrete blocks or the like with a high-strength adhesive, but the rubber pieces peeled off in a short period of time. One of the reasons is that since the bonding surface between the rubber piece and the concrete as the hardened body is a simple flat surface, the shear load applied to the rubber is not concentrated on a wide surface of the hardened body but is concentrated on a local part. In addition to the direct acting force, temperature stress due to changes in temperature during the day repeatedly acts on this local area, and as a result, peeling occurred inevitably, extending from the local area to the entire area. Due to this phenomenon, the method of bonding by bonding after the cured body has cured has the disadvantage that the long-term strength of the bonding is weak.

 Problems to solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional means are as follows.

High cost of molding surface layer pieces,

Low surface layer strength,

The long-term strength of bonding between the surface layer piece and the cured product is weak,

3 points. Disclosure of the invention

 In the present invention, as a means for simultaneously solving the above three points, a block having a surface layer piece attached as described in claim 1 is used. The main feature of this means is that

e A hardening material that hardens over time, such as concrete, is cast directly on the adhesive to form an intimate interface,

f Forming a cured body such that the curing material is cast in an appropriate amount to form the entire block into a certain size;

In two terms. The feature is that, for example, fresh concrete is cast directly as a hardened material on a viscous material such as bituminous material and molded. Explaining with reference to Drawing 1, by this method, three members, namely, a surface layer piece 1, an adhesive portion 2, and a cured body 3, are adhered to each other with a microscopically complicated surface. In addition, even if the thickness of each piece of rubber and the shape of the adhesive surface are different, the thickness of the product can be easily controlled by making the surface where the setting of the cured product is completed constant, and a block of a specified standard can be manufactured. Is done. According to this method, the process of fragmentation and granulation is omitted, so that the molding cost is reduced, and the strength of the surface layer piece is high because the solid rubber piece is used as it is. In addition, the surface layer piece 1, the bonding portion 2, and the cured body 3 are closely adhered to each other with a microscopically complicated surface. For this reason, the shear stress due to the load received by the rubber is dispersed to a large number of microscopic protrusions of the hardened body 3, preventing local stress concentration, and increasing the strength. In addition, in the joints of materials such as bitumen, even if strain is repeatedly concentrated in local areas, the corresponding deformation prevents the occurrence of peeling, and even if peeling occurs, strength can be recovered by contact for a certain period of time Therefore, the durability of the strength is further increased. That is, the block according to claim 1 simultaneously solves the three problems.

The tackiness or delayed adhesiveness, such as dark blue, in the above means is to achieve the purpose of exhibiting an adhesive force after curing with a cured product. The same result can be obtained by using a material or a mechanism that is lately bonded after curing of the cured product due to delayed heating of the bonded portion or delayed penetration of the bonding solution into the bonded portion. In addition, asphalt mixture material or another material having delayed adhesion may be used. This method is also applied to the case where various materials such as wood chips 'plastic pieces' waste tiles and smooth natural stones are used for surface layer pieces. Despite having desirable properties on the surface of the building, adhesion to the concrete is difficult, adhesion strength to the hardening material is weak, and dimensions when supplied are uneven. Many materials have not been used since then. In other words, this block is also a means that allows the use of materials that have been difficult to produce durable products of a certain standard. In addition, depending on the application, if various types of concrete in which the material to be bonded to the surface layer piece is a binder is used as the hardened material 3, the binder forms the bonded portion 2 at the same time as the casting, so that the process of forming the bonded portion is not necessary. Can be omitted. In addition, since the partial peeling that occurs after the start of operation is repaired at high temperatures, the durability against peeling is greatly improved.

 As described in claim 2, at least a part of the joint space 4 between the surface layer piece 1 and the adjacent surface layer piece 1 is provided with the joint body 34, and the joint body 34 is buried and adhered to the cured body 3 by protruding or the like. Combine and integrate. In this case, the movement of the individual surface layer pieces 1 due to the applied load is restrained by the underlying hardened body, the peeling resistance is increased, and the durability of the bond is greatly improved.

 As described in claim 3, grooves or holding arms 7 are provided on the back side of the surface layer piece 1 by processing irregularities. Since the cured body 3 also follows, the bonding strength is further increased. In particular, if the holding arm 7 made of rubber or the like that protrudes locally by baking or bonding is processed, the holding action of the holding body 7 by the hardened body 3 restrains the separation of the surface layer piece 1 and the hardened body 3. The bonding strength between the two is improved. When the holding arm 7 is held in the cured body 3 with an undercut, the bonding strength is further improved.

As described in claim 4, when a plurality of independent blocks are connected as a unit by the mesh member 5, the interval and direction of the arrangement blocks at the site are significantly improved, so that the generation of weak points is prevented. In addition, the peripheral blocks cooperate with each other via the mesh body 5 to resist the displacement due to the vehicle load, so that the displacement resistance greatly improves. In addition, a unit with a large number of pro- cks can be handled collectively by a transportation means such as a crane tunic, which has the advantage of greatly improving construction efficiency. In addition, in the block as described in claim 5, as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal cutting line 11 parallel to the wheel axis and the edge line 12 of the side perpendicular to the cutting line 11 are substantially orthogonal to each other. By arranging in this manner, it is possible to prevent the curved shape peculiar to the back surface of the surface layer from being aligned in one direction or being aligned on the same surface. For this reason, a unique three-dimensional undulation can be formed in the bonded part. This undulation strongly resists displacement in two directions, so that displacement and detachment of the surface layer piece can be prevented for a long period of time. In addition, a tread pattern prevents slippage in two directions, contributing to the prevention of slip accidents.

 In addition, as described in claim 6, in the block which is integrated in a sandwich shape, as shown in FIG. 5, the surface layer and the cured body are overlapped with [cured body / surface layer / cured body]. This may be arranged as [surface layer-cured body-surface layer]. By doing so, a unique viscoelastic function is generated, and the deformation function of the block, sound insulation, waterproofing, and vibration absorption can be enhanced.

 Further, as described in claim 7, when at least a part of the bonding portion 2 is made of a heat-generating material such as carbon fiber by electric power, microwave, high frequency or the like, selective heating can be performed. Therefore, when the bonding portion 2 is made of a thermoplastic material, the cured body 3 can be heated and bonded at an arbitrary time, or can be melted and peeled off at an arbitrary time. This makes it possible to manufacture the bonded portion as an independent film or to modify the position of the surface layer piece and the cured body that has been cast, thereby facilitating the manufacture of the block. In addition, when a block is replaced due to wear or the like, the removal and replacement work of the surface layer piece 1 are facilitated by heating, so that an advantage that the cost of repair and treatment is greatly reduced can be obtained.

In addition, as described in claim 8, if a plate-shaped discontinuous space 33 is provided in the hardened body, even if a load caused by vibrations or movement of the groundwork after the start of operation, the blockage can be prevented. The fracture surface of the crack is forced to the position of the separator 33, and a crack is generated only here. As a result, random fluctuation and destruction of the block can be prevented, and the durability of the connection can be greatly improved. The separator is the same in a piecewise space or in a space where small platelets are buried.

： Exhibits the function of collecting and assembling the generated cracks.

 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment in which a block is used for pavement for reducing vehicle noise and deicing, and shows a section taken along line AB in FIG. (Example 1)

 FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment, and FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view taken along a line AB in FIG. (Example 1)

 FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view for the purpose of explaining the manufacturing procedure in Example 2. (Example 2)

 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when the surface layer is arranged above. (Example 2)

 FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view when the surface layer in Example 3 is arranged on the 內 side. (Example 3)

The explanation of the symbols is as follows _:

 1 Surface piece

 2 Adhesive part

 3 Cured body

 4 Joint space

5 mesh Holding arm

 Surface pattern

 Horizontal cutting line

 1 2

2 2 Antifreeze liquid

 3 3 Separator

 34 best mode for carrying out the invention

A general block according to the present invention mainly uses a tread portion of a tire and combines one to an arbitrary number to produce one block. The blocks are formed into a square with a side length of 120 mm to form a surface layer piece 1, which is used as a block of four pieces. The surface pieces are arranged at an interval of 4 mm. First, asphalt is applied with the back side of the tread facing up, and concrete is poured on top of this. When the rubber thickness is 10 mm and the asphalt thickness is l mm, the concrete casting thickness is 19 mm. The casting thickness is changed according to the change of the rubber thickness, and it is molded into a block of 2 4 6x24 6x30mm. When the concrete hardens, the rubber surface layer and the hardened concrete are integrated, and the block is completed. This means that 4 sheets are arranged in lm with a joint spacing of 4 mm, so that 16 sheets are arranged in a square area of 1 square meter. When these are arranged on a concrete or paving ground 6, it becomes a multifunctional block pavement, and when used vertically, a rubber wall is obtained. This method makes it possible to control the thickness of the block on which the rubber piece is applied to a desired thickness regardless of the difference in the thickness of the surface piece, and the rubber piece has high strength and adheres tightly to the cured body. And durably combine, One example of this block will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 which is a vertical cross-sectional view of Example 1 at the time of completion of construction. First, a square rubber piece cut out of a tread portion of a rubber tire and taken out is used as a surface layer piece 1, formed into a rectangular flat plate, and placed at a position covering the surface of the block. Asphalt is applied to the back side of the surface layer piece 1 to form an adhesive portion 2. Concrete is poured directly onto the bonding portion 2. This concrete is formed by casting the entire block into a predetermined shape. The cured product 3 having a certain strength is formed by the subsequent curing, and the surface layer piece 1 and the cured product 3 are joined by the bonding portion 2 to be integrated. The asphalt bonding portion 2 was adhered to the surface layer piece 1, and the concrete was cast and cured as a cured body 3. After the bonding, a rubber-coated block was completed. By arranging these blocks on the ground 6 on the road surface, the running noise of the vehicle is significantly reduced, and ice on the surface is easily removed by the passing vehicle, thereby preventing a slip accident. It can also be used on walls for sound insulation, waterproofing, impact mitigation, and prevention of scouring.

 As described in claim 1, since the bonding portion 2 is made of asphalt, the partial peeling generated between the surface layer piece 1 and the cured body 3 at a low temperature is repaired at a high temperature. In addition, the adhesion and peeling of the surface layer can be easily controlled by applying heat and pressure, which facilitates construction and repair.

 As described in claim 2, a part of the cured body 3 is extruded as a joint body 34 into a part of the joint space 4 between the rubber pieces. This has the function of transmitting the horizontal acting force received by the surface layer piece 1 to the hardened body 3 and resisting it, and it can be replaced by burying a formed product such as plastic or metal.

As described in claim 4, the rubber holding arm 7 is baked and embedded in the hardened body 3. The holding arm 7 prevents the surface piece 1 from peeling and moving, and ensures traffic safety. It is functioning. If the holding arm 7 is made thicker or a hole is formed in the holding arm, the holding arm 7 is held by the undercut of the hardened body 3, so that the bonding strength increases.

 As described in claim 5, the independent blocks are connected by the mesh body 5, thereby improving the construction efficiency and exhibiting a function of preventing local peeling by transmitting local horizontal force to other blocks and preventing them from being separated. ing.

 FIG. 2 is a top view of the first embodiment. As described in claim 6, the transverse cutting line 11 and the edge line 12 are orthogonal to each other. The slight undulations on the back of the tire create complex irregularities on the adhesive surface, increase the resistance to slippage and prevent the surface pattern from becoming monotonous, improving the appearance.

 FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a general manufacturing procedure. A square old tire rubber piece is arranged as a surface layer piece 1, and asphalt is flown to prepare an adhesive portion 2. The mesh 5 is buried on the way, and concrete is poured directly on the asphalt, and the concrete is hardened and the asphalt is bonded. On the right side of the two surface pieces 1, a horizontal cutting line 11 is oblique. If the tire is divided equally into radials, this angle may be large in some cases. When cutting the tread from a tire as a rectangle, the edge line 12 parallel to the traveling direction of the wheel is processed, and if the cut surfaces of both lines facing each other when the surface layer is arranged are made substantially parallel, rubber wear from near joint 4 Significantly reduce the vehicle's riding comfort.

 Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of Fig. 3, which is inverted, and is used for fixing rubber to the surface such as a car stop or seawall.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment in which the surface pattern side of the tread is adhered and processed into a system for spraying an antifreeze liquid. As described in claim 8, a rubber surface layer piece is sandwiched between upper and lower cured bodies. Increasing the thickness of the surface layer pieces and the number of layers increases rubber elasticity. The amount of displacement is small. When such blocks are arranged in the pond of the antifreeze liquid 22, the surface of the block lowers due to the load of the passing vehicle, and the antifreeze liquid 22 is applied to the tire tread of the vehicle. Since this liquid is applied to the road surface and spreads, the spraying range of the liquid is expanded and freezing is prevented. In summer, the liquid can be replaced with water and used as a watering system. Industrial applicability

 As described above, the rubber-adhered block of the present invention makes it possible to easily and inexpensively produce a block having desired design dimensions regardless of the thickness of the rubber layer, and to adhere the block regardless of the shape of the bonding surface with the cured body. Bonding with the bonded surface to increase durability, secure the bonding strength to withstand heavy loads such as vehicle traffic, and greatly improve the shear strength of the bonded surface as the bonding surface becomes a complex flat surface. It reduces the noise level and reverberation noise, and has the effect of enabling the passing vehicles to remove surface icing. It is also used where it is worn due to friction with flowing materials such as revetments and ditches to improve durability. The use of fences, walls, stepping stones, etc., has the effect of making the environment comfortable and safe by reducing the reverberation noise and preventing injuries and damage caused by collision of people and objects. In addition, heat and gas generated during the disposal of rubber materials after use are reduced compared to other methods, which also contributes to preventing pollution of the global environment.

Claims

The scope of the claims  1. With the following configuration,  a It is placed at a position where the surface piece becomes at least a part of the surface of the block during operation,  b the surface piece has desired physical properties at the position,  c The adhesive has tacky or delayed adhesive properties like bituminous material,  d the adhesive portion directly contacts at least a part of the back side of the surface layer piece;  e A hardening material that hardens over time, such as concrete, is cast directly onto the adhesive to form an intimate interface,  f The hardened material is formed into a hardened body such that the hardened material is poured in an appropriate amount to form the entire block into a certain size.  g The cured material is cured and the cured body reaches the design strength or more,  h A block to which the surface layer piece is adhered, wherein the surface layer piece and the cured body are bonded to each other with a strength equal to or higher than a design strength through the adhesive portion and integrated. 2. A joint body 34 is provided in at least a part of the joint space 4 between the two surface layer pieces 1, and the joint body is integrated with the hardened body 3 by bonding, embedding, or protruding. A block to which the surface layer piece according to item 1 is attached. 3. The block to which the surface layer piece is adhered according to claim 1, characterized in that the back side of the surface layer piece 1 is processed to be provided with a groove or unevenness by the holding arm 7. 4. The block according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of independent blocks are connected by a mesh body. 5. Mutual cross-cuts between two adjacent surface strips 1 consisting of approximately rectangular tire fragments surrounded by a cross-section line 11 parallel to the tire rotation axis and an edge line 12 parallel to the rotation plane 2. The block according to claim 1, wherein the line 11 and the edge line 12 are arranged substantially orthogonal to each other. 6. The block to which the surface layer piece is attached according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an array structure in which a plurality of blocks to which the surface layer piece 1 is attached are stacked in a sandwich form and integrated.  7. The block according to claim 1, wherein a heat-generating material by electric power, such as a carbon body, is used for at least a part of the bonding portion 2.  8. The block to which a surface layer piece is adhered according to claim 1, wherein a plate-shaped discontinuous space separator 33 substantially orthogonal to the surface of the surface layer piece is provided in the cured body.