WO2003064050A1 - Method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material - Google Patents
Method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003064050A1 WO2003064050A1 PCT/ES2003/000040 ES0300040W WO03064050A1 WO 2003064050 A1 WO2003064050 A1 WO 2003064050A1 ES 0300040 W ES0300040 W ES 0300040W WO 03064050 A1 WO03064050 A1 WO 03064050A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- granular
- matter
- paste
- granular matter
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
- B03B5/56—Drum classifiers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
- B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
- B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates
- B04B7/14—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates for separating walls of conical shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material in general and of special application in the transformation of the common salt, obtained as raw material in the salt, and in particular for the recovery of the salt residual, not usable by dirt, oils or unusable elements adhered or mixed with their crystals.
- the method and device object of the invention has the particularity of incorporating a series of operative elements, which allow in a first process the washing of the primary granular matter, such as raw salt, with water jets, while it is caused, by centrifuging the granular matter with the water, a rupture of said granular matter in other smaller grains and the separation of the mixed residues, by the knocking of the matter and the dragging by the water at the same time.
- the primary granular matter such as raw salt
- a mass of crumbled granular matter and water is obtained, such as salt paste, which is subjected to a second rinsing process by means of water showers, arranged inside a rotating chamber of concentric cylinders and / or in axial extension, which trans- They carry the granular paste, underwater and sieve in various grain sizes, which are collected in different outlets, classified by their diameter and according to the use that will be given to the treated material, which referring to salt, have been provided at least three different sizes of grain, one suitable for direct consumption such as table salt, a second size of coarser grain to preserve food and a third for use in various industries.
- the salt obtained in the salt as raw material either by evaporation of sea water or salt lakes or by extraction of the earth in the form of solid mineral or saturated brine and once the impurities have been removed by natural or chemical precipitation of the calcium, potassium and magnesium salts, it is obtained crystallized from grains of sodium chloride of different diameter or even ingots, which they must be crushed until an adequate grain size is obtained for the use to which the salt is to be destined.
- This conventional salt grinding operation presents the difficulty of not reaching a uniform grain in its diameter, resulting in many times that thicker grains are obtained, with others excessively crushed, forming a table salt powder, which although suitable for human consumption, it cakes very quickly with the environmental humidity, resulting in insufficient grain to be used as a food preservative, since a layer of salt with an adequate weight is required, which allows water to be extracted from said foods during the period of its Salting transformation.
- the present invention presents a procedure and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, which manages to eliminate so thoroughly the impurities of the raw granular matter, which allows to take advantage of even the one that was eliminated an excess of waste, resulting in a granular matter with a diversity of homogeneous and uniform grains that are classifiable in various sizes, according to their use or destination.
- the method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, object of the invention is characterized in that it comprises:
- the invention is also characterized in that the washing and breaking of the granular material is carried out by means of a centrifuge that forms several vertical chambers with conical walls, communicated with each other through a passage central, in each of which has a rotating vane endowed on its surface with helical ribs, which are able to rotate through a common vertical axis, which receives the movement of a motor system, in which rotation the vanes drive matter granulate and the water towards the walls of the chambers so that in their shock the breakage of the grain takes place in smaller ones, that are washed by the water and form a paste that is evacuated by a lower outlet.
- the invention has provided that the feeding of the granular matter to the first chamber is carried out in a controlled manner, to avoid jams at its entry into the centrifuge, for which purpose the outlet duct of the upper hopper that receives the granular matter, directly discharges on the rotating vane of the chamber, which comprises a sheet with strategically arranged grooves, to drag the granular material that penetrates the vane through the grooves in its turn, and mixes with the wash water, which receives Superior driving
- the invention is essentially characterized in that the rinsing and separation in grains of the paste is carried out by means of a sieve of concentric and / or axially extended, rotating and inclined axis tubes, with perforations of different diameter, through which the conduction of water with the showers, which irrigate the paste that enters the centrifuge, the outer tube being without perforations to channel the matter with a grain of a certain lower size and the residual water, until its exit.
- the screen includes a receptacle associated with the rotating outer casing, arranged to extract, at each turn of the screen, the granular material sedimented in a well and / or tank, which receives of an exit of the sieve and whose residual water is eliminated by overflows of said well or vat.
- Figure I a Represents by means of a perspective, a method of execution of the procedure and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, object of the invention.
- a centrifuge that involves an upper hopper for loading the granular material and an upper water line for washing said load, whose lower outlet is connected to a rotating sieve of several concentric tubes, is easily appreciated.
- On the outer cylinder there is a receptacle for the extraction of the granular matter deposited in the well or tank.
- Figure 2 a Shows a perspective view of the centrifuge for washing and breaking the raw granular matter. It shows that it is made up of three vertical chambers with conical walls, communicated with each other by a central passage, in each of which a rotating vane is located, provided on its surface with helical ribs.
- the outlet mouth of the receiving hopper of the raw granular material is located on the upper chamber vane, as well as an upper conduit that discharges the water into said chamber.
- Figure 3 a Illustrates a longitudinal section of the centrifuge of the previous figure. It shows that the mouth of the outlet duct of the upper loading hopper is located on the rotating vane of the upper chamber and that the three rotating vanes are mounted on a vertical axis of rotation, which receives the movement of a drive system.
- Figure 4 a It allows to appreciate a detail of the controlled discharge of the hopper outlet duct on the rotating vane. It shows that on the ribs of the rotating vane a sheet is welded, provided with strategic grooves through which the granular matter poured through the hopper outlet duct penetrates and is dragged by the rotating movement of the vane.
- Figure 5 a Represents a longitudinal section of the screen for the classification and rinsing of the granular matter. It shows that it has two concentric pipes with an inclined axis and of different lengths, which are formed with a mesh of different pitch diameters, the innermost tube presenting a larger diameter passage than the outer one, which is partially wrapped by a housing external rotating with the tubes.
- the larger inner mesh tube is connected at one end to the centrifuge and receives a water line for rinsing inside of the material.
- the tube in outermost arrangement forms with the external housing, a chamber where a finer grain material is collected and evacuated along with the wastewater, through an outlet that will lead to a well or tank in a lower arrangement than the sieve, where the granular matter sediments, which is extracted by a receptacle associated with the rotating outer casing.
- the device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter is constituted by a centrifuge -1- where the process of washing and breaking the granular matter occurs in smaller pieces.
- Said centrifuge comprises a top-loading hopper -2- of the raw granular matter and a water line -3- for washing said matter.
- Hopper -2- has a loading duct -15- that is located on the pallet -10- of the upper chamber, which has a circular plate on its helical ribs
- the centrifuge has an outlet duct -18- that communicates with the sieve -19- where the process of rinsing and grading the granular matter is carried out.
- the screen is made up of at least two concentric mesh tubes and inclined axes -20- and -21-, of which the inner tube -20-, has a mesh passage of greater diameter, than the outer tube -21, the latter being covered or partially covered, by an enclosing housing -22-, rotating with the tubes.
- the inner tube -20- is connected at one end to the centrifuge and receives inside the water line -23- for rinsing the material that circulates inside.
- the tube -21- forms with the external housing -22-, a chamber -24- where the smallest grain material and wastewater is collected that is evacuated through the outlet -25- to the well or tank -26- .
- the granular matter of coarser grain which has not crossed the mesh of the tube -20-, is discharged through its mouth -28-.
- the raw granular matter is introduced into the centrifuge -1-, through the loading hopper -2- and the washing water through the conduit -3-, entering the upper chamber -
- the vanes -10-, -11- and -12- rotate by driving the granular matter and the water towards the conical walls of the chambers -4-, -5- and -6-, which pass from one to another, causing the breakdown of granular matter into smaller grains, which are washed by water, dragging impurities and forming a paste of crumbled granular material and water, which is evacuated through the duct exit -18- towards the sieve.
- Said conduit -20- allows the passage through its mesh, to those grains that have a diameter smaller than its passage, the residual water and minor grains reaching the intermediate conduit -21-, which in turn lets pass through its mesh to the grains smaller than the diameter of their holes, that arrive with the residual water to the chamber -24-.
- the finest grain and residual water, which is in the chamber -24- is evacuated from it by the outlet -25- that fills the pool -26- where the grain settles.
- This grain is extracted from the well by means of the receptacle -29-, which associated with the housing -22- rotates with it and in each turn it extracts the sedimented grain, depositing it on a conveyor belt or in the appropriate place.
- the average grain that is housed in the tube -21- is evacuated through its mouth -27- by being deposited on the ground or a conveyor belt.
- 3 mm salt grains have been obtained. , which are suitable for being used in food preservation, due to their adequate weight to extract water from salted foods.
- the salt with a grain greater than 3 mm. has been used for the industry.
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- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROCEDIMIENTO Y DISPOSITIVO PARA EL TRATAMIENTO Y CLASIFICACIÓN DE UNA MATERIA GRANULARPROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT AND CLASSIFICATION OF A GRANULAR MATTER
La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento y dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular en general y de especial aplicación en la transformación de la sal común, obtenida como materia prima en las salinas, y en particular para la recuperación de la sal residual, no aprovechable por la suciedad, aceites o elementos inservibles adheridos o mezclados con sus cristales.The present invention relates to a method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material in general and of special application in the transformation of the common salt, obtained as raw material in the salt, and in particular for the recovery of the salt residual, not usable by dirt, oils or unusable elements adhered or mixed with their crystals.
Este procedimiento y dispositivo pensado especialmente para el tratamiento de la sal común, es susceptible de tener una aplicación más amplia, siendo perfectamente factible para el tratamiento de cualquier otra materia granular en bruto, que requiera una selectividad de su grano, como puede ser el tratamiento de los áridos de una cantera, con cuya transformación se permite separar la grava de la arena y conseguir que esta última tenga un tamaño adecuado para un destino especifico en construcción.This procedure and device specially designed for the treatment of common salt, is likely to have a wider application, being perfectly feasible for the treatment of any other raw granular matter, which requires a selectivity of its grain, such as treatment from the aggregates of a quarry, whose transformation allows the gravel to be separated from the sand and ensure that the latter has an adequate size for a specific destination under construction.
El procedimiento y dispositivo objeto de la invención, presenta la particularidad de incorporar una serie de elementos operativos, que permiten en un primer proceso el lavado de la materia granular primaria, como puede ser la sal en bruto, con chorros de agua, al tiempo que se provoca, por centrifugado de la materia granular con el agua, una rotura de dicha materia granular en otros granos más pequeños y la separación de los residuos mezclados, por el golpeteo de la materia y el arrastre por el agua al mismo tiempo.The method and device object of the invention, has the particularity of incorporating a series of operative elements, which allow in a first process the washing of the primary granular matter, such as raw salt, with water jets, while it is caused, by centrifuging the granular matter with the water, a rupture of said granular matter in other smaller grains and the separation of the mixed residues, by the knocking of the matter and the dragging by the water at the same time.
En este primer proceso se obtiene una masa de materia granular desmenuzada y agua, como puede ser la pasta de sal, que se somete a segundo proceso de enjuague mediante duchas de agua, dispuestas en el interior de una cámara giratoria de cilindros concéntricos y/o en prolongación axial, que trans- portan la pasta granular, bajo el agua y la criban en varios tamaños de granos, que se recogen en salidas distintas, clasificados por su diámetro y acorde con el uso que se va a dar al material tratado, que refiriéndonos a la sal, se han previsto al menos tres tamaños distintos de grano, uno adecuado para un consumo directo como es la sal de mesa, un segundo tamaño de grano más grueso para conservar los alimentos y un tercero para su utilización en diversas industrias.In this first process a mass of crumbled granular matter and water is obtained, such as salt paste, which is subjected to a second rinsing process by means of water showers, arranged inside a rotating chamber of concentric cylinders and / or in axial extension, which trans- They carry the granular paste, underwater and sieve in various grain sizes, which are collected in different outlets, classified by their diameter and according to the use that will be given to the treated material, which referring to salt, have been provided at least three different sizes of grain, one suitable for direct consumption such as table salt, a second size of coarser grain to preserve food and a third for use in various industries.
En el estado actual de la técnica aplicada al tratamiento de la sal común, es conocido el hecho de que la sal obtenida en las salinas como materia prima, ya sea por evaporación del agua del mar o de los lagos salados o por extrac- ción de la tierra en forma de mineral sólido o salmuera saturada y una vez se han eliminado las impurezas por precipitación natural o química de las sales de calcio, potasio y magnesio, se obtiene cristalizada en granos de cloruro sódico de distinto diámetro o incluso en lingotes, que deben ser triturados hasta conseguir un tamaño de grano adecuado para el uso al que se va a destinar la sal.In the current state of the art applied to the treatment of common salt, it is known that the salt obtained in the salt as raw material, either by evaporation of sea water or salt lakes or by extraction of the earth in the form of solid mineral or saturated brine and once the impurities have been removed by natural or chemical precipitation of the calcium, potassium and magnesium salts, it is obtained crystallized from grains of sodium chloride of different diameter or even ingots, which they must be crushed until an adequate grain size is obtained for the use to which the salt is to be destined.
Esta operación convencional de molienda de la sal, presenta la dificultad de no alcanzar un grano uniforme en su diámetro, resultando muchas veces que se obtienen granos más gruesos, con otros excesivamente machacados, conformando una sal de mesa en polvo, que aunque apta para el consumo humano, se apelmaza muy pronto con la humedad ambiental, resultando un grano insuficiente para utilizarse como conservante de los alimentos, ya que se requiere una capa de sal con un peso adecuado, que permita extraer el agua de dichos alimentos en el periodo de su transformación en salazón.This conventional salt grinding operation, presents the difficulty of not reaching a uniform grain in its diameter, resulting in many times that thicker grains are obtained, with others excessively crushed, forming a table salt powder, which although suitable for human consumption, it cakes very quickly with the environmental humidity, resulting in insufficient grain to be used as a food preservative, since a layer of salt with an adequate weight is required, which allows water to be extracted from said foods during the period of its Salting transformation.
Por otra parte, en las salinas queda como sal residual, una sal bruta excesivamente sucia, que se deshecha por no poder eliminar, en las estaciones de lavado convencionales, las impurezas que contiene, y resultar poco rentable un tratamiento químico para su recuperación, por suponer un coste excesivo en el empleo de ciertos productos químicos, si se compara en relación al beneficio que se puede conseguir con el volumen de sal que se va a recuperar.On the other hand, in the saline remains as an excess salt, an excessively dirty crude salt, which is discarded because it cannot be removed, in conventional washing stations, the impurities it contains, and a chemical treatment for recovery is not very profitable, because it involves an excessive cost in the use of certain chemical products, when compared in relation to the benefit that can be achieved with the volume of salt to be recovered .
Para paliar estos inconvenientes, la presente invención presenta al mercado, un procedimiento y dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, que consigue eliminar tan a fondo las impurezas de la materia granular en bruto, que permite aprovechar incluso la que se eliminaba por un exceso de residuos, dando como resultado una materia granular con una diversidad de granos homogéneos y uniformes que son clasificables en diversos tamaños, acordes con su uso o destino.To alleviate these inconveniences, the present invention presents a procedure and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, which manages to eliminate so thoroughly the impurities of the raw granular matter, which allows to take advantage of even the one that was eliminated an excess of waste, resulting in a granular matter with a diversity of homogeneous and uniform grains that are classifiable in various sizes, according to their use or destination.
Para tal efecto el procedimiento y dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, objeto de la invención se caracteriza porque comprende:For this purpose, the method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, object of the invention is characterized in that it comprises:
a) Un primer proceso de lavado de la materia granular primaria con chorros de agua, al tiempo que se provoca por centrifugación, la rotura física del material granular, en otros granos más pequeños, formando una pasta de material granular desmenuzada y agua.a) A first process of washing the primary granular matter with water jets, while causing centrifugation, the physical rupture of the granular material, in other smaller grains, forming a paste of crumbled granular material and water.
b) Un segundo proceso de enjuague de la pasta de la materia granular, mediante duchas de agua y separación de la masa, por cribado, en diversos tamaños de grano, que se clasifican por salidas distintas y evacuación del agua residual.b) A second process of rinsing the paste of the granular matter, by means of showers of water and separation of the mass, by screening, in different sizes of grain, which are classified by different exits and evacuation of the residual water.
Asimismo la invención se caracteriza porque el lavado y rotura del material granular se realiza mediante una centrifugadora que conforma varias cámaras verticales de- paredes cónicas, comunicadas entre si a través de un paso central, en cada uno de los cuales presenta una paleta giratoria dotada en su superficie de nervios helicoidales, que están capacitadas para girar a través de un eje vertical común, que recibe el movimiento de un sistema motriz, en cuyo giro las paletas impulsan la materia granular y el agua hacia las paredes de las cámaras para que en su choque se produzca la rotura del grano en otros más pequeños, que son lavados por el agua y forman una pasta que se evacúa por una boca de salida inferior.The invention is also characterized in that the washing and breaking of the granular material is carried out by means of a centrifuge that forms several vertical chambers with conical walls, communicated with each other through a passage central, in each of which has a rotating vane endowed on its surface with helical ribs, which are able to rotate through a common vertical axis, which receives the movement of a motor system, in which rotation the vanes drive matter granulate and the water towards the walls of the chambers so that in their shock the breakage of the grain takes place in smaller ones, that are washed by the water and form a paste that is evacuated by a lower outlet.
La invención ha previsto que la alimentación de la materia granular a la primera cámara se realice de forma controlada, para evitar atascos en su entrada en la centrifugadora, para cuyo efecto el conducto de salida de la tolva superior que recibe la materia granular, descarga directamente sobre la paleta giratoria de la cámara, que comporta una chapa con ranuras estratégicamente dispuestas, para arrastrar en su giro a la materia granular que penetra dosificada a la paleta a través de las ranuras, y se mezcla con el agua de lavado, que recibe por una conducción superior.The invention has provided that the feeding of the granular matter to the first chamber is carried out in a controlled manner, to avoid jams at its entry into the centrifuge, for which purpose the outlet duct of the upper hopper that receives the granular matter, directly discharges on the rotating vane of the chamber, which comprises a sheet with strategically arranged grooves, to drag the granular material that penetrates the vane through the grooves in its turn, and mixes with the wash water, which receives Superior driving
Igualmente la invención se caracteriza esencialmente porque el enjuague y separación en granos de la pasta se realiza mediante una criba de tubos concéntricos y/o en prolongación axial, giratorios y de eje inclinado, con perforaciones de distinto diámetro, por cuyo interior discurre la conducción de agua con las duchas, que riegan la pasta que entra de la centrifugadora, siendo el tubo exterior sin perforaciones para canalizar la materia con un grano de un tamaño inferior determinado y el agua residual, hasta su salida.Likewise, the invention is essentially characterized in that the rinsing and separation in grains of the paste is carried out by means of a sieve of concentric and / or axially extended, rotating and inclined axis tubes, with perforations of different diameter, through which the conduction of water with the showers, which irrigate the paste that enters the centrifuge, the outer tube being without perforations to channel the matter with a grain of a certain lower size and the residual water, until its exit.
La invención ha dispuesto que la criba comporte un receptáculo asociado a la carcasa exterior giratoria, dispuesto para extraer, en cada vuelta de la criba, el material granular sedimentado en una poza y/o cuba, que recibe de una salida de la criba y cuya agua residual se elimina por rebosaderos de dicha poza o cuba.The invention has provided that the screen includes a receptacle associated with the rotating outer casing, arranged to extract, at each turn of the screen, the granular material sedimented in a well and / or tank, which receives of an exit of the sieve and whose residual water is eliminated by overflows of said well or vat.
Las características del procedimiento y dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, cuyo registro se solicita, han sido estudiadas, tanto en orden a satisfacer las exigencias del consumidor referidas a economía, durabilidad, manejabilidad, etc., como a la resolución de necesidades planificadas de la producción, obteniendo, a un tiempo, simplicidad en su proceso fabril y notable abaratamiento en los costes de fabricación.The characteristics of the procedure and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, whose registration is requested, have been studied, both in order to satisfy the consumer's requirements regarding economy, durability, manageability, etc., and the resolution of planned production needs, obtaining, at the same time, simplicity in its manufacturing process and notable reduction in manufacturing costs.
Para mayor comprensión de lo hasta ahora expuesto, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva de un juego de dibujos en los que se muestra el objeto de la invención, sin que deba entenderse que la representación gráfica aludida constituya una limitación de las características peculiares de esta solicitud.For a better understanding of what has been exposed so far, the present specification is accompanied by a set of drawings in which the object of the invention is shown, without it being understood that the aforementioned graphic representation constitutes a limitation of the peculiar characteristics of this request.
La figura Ia.- Representa mediante una perspectiva, un modo de ejecución del procedimiento y dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, objeto de la invención. En ella, resulta fácilmente apreciable la configuración de una centrifugadora que comporta una tolva superior para la carga del material granular y una conducción superior de agua para el lavado de dicha carga, cuya salida inferior se encuentra conectada a una criba giratoria de varios tubos concéntricos, por cuyo interior discurre una conducción de agua con duchas y dispone de varias salidas para distintos tamaños de grano, en una de las cuales presenta una poza o cuba para la recogida del agua residual y la materia granular más fina. Sobre el cilindro exterior se observa un receptáculo para la extracción de la materia granular depositada en la poza o cuba.Figure I a .- Represents by means of a perspective, a method of execution of the procedure and device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter, object of the invention. In it, the configuration of a centrifuge that involves an upper hopper for loading the granular material and an upper water line for washing said load, whose lower outlet is connected to a rotating sieve of several concentric tubes, is easily appreciated. whose interior runs a water pipe with showers and has several outlets for different grain sizes, in one of which has a well or tank for the collection of wastewater and the finest granular matter. On the outer cylinder there is a receptacle for the extraction of the granular matter deposited in the well or tank.
Figura 2 a.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la centrifugadora para el lavado y rotura de la materia granular en bruto. En ella se observa que está conformada por tres cámaras verticales de paredes cónicas, comunicadas entre si por un paso central, en cada uno de los cuales queda situada una paleta giratoria, provista en su superficie de nervios helicoidales. Sobre la paleta de la cámara superior queda la situada la boca de salida de la tolva receptora del material granular en bruto, asi como una conducción superior que descarga el agua en dicha cámara.Figure 2 a .- Shows a perspective view of the centrifuge for washing and breaking the raw granular matter. It shows that it is made up of three vertical chambers with conical walls, communicated with each other by a central passage, in each of which a rotating vane is located, provided on its surface with helical ribs. The outlet mouth of the receiving hopper of the raw granular material is located on the upper chamber vane, as well as an upper conduit that discharges the water into said chamber.
Figura 3a.- Ilustra, una sección longitudinal de la centrifugadora de la figura anterior. En ella se observa que la boca del conducto de salida de la tolva superior de carga, queda situada sobre la paleta giratoria de la cámara superior y que las tres paletas giratorias se encuentran montadas sobre un eje vertical de giro, que recibe el movimiento de un sistema motriz.Figure 3 a .- Illustrates a longitudinal section of the centrifuge of the previous figure. It shows that the mouth of the outlet duct of the upper loading hopper is located on the rotating vane of the upper chamber and that the three rotating vanes are mounted on a vertical axis of rotation, which receives the movement of a drive system.
Figura 4a.- Permite apreciar un detalle de la descarga controlada del conducto de salida de la tolva sobre la paleta giratoria. En ella se observa que sobre los nervios de la paleta giratoria queda soldada una chapa, provista de ranuras estratégicas por donde penetra la materia granular vertida por el conducto de salida de la tolva y que es arrastrada por el movimiento giratorio de la paleta.Figure 4 a .- It allows to appreciate a detail of the controlled discharge of the hopper outlet duct on the rotating vane. It shows that on the ribs of the rotating vane a sheet is welded, provided with strategic grooves through which the granular matter poured through the hopper outlet duct penetrates and is dragged by the rotating movement of the vane.
Figura 5a.- Representa una sección longitudinal de la criba para la clasificación y enjuague de la materia granular. En ella se observa que presenta dos tubos concéntricos de eje inclinado y de distinta longitud, que están conformados con una malla de distintos diámetros de paso, presentando el tubo más interior un paso de mayor diámetro que el exterior, que queda envuelto parcialmente por una carcasa externa que gira con los tubos . El tubo interno de malla de paso más grande se encuentra conectado por un extremo a la centrifugadora y recibe en su interior una conducción de agua para el enjuague del material. El tubo en disposición más exterior, forma con la carcasa externa, una cámara donde se recoge una materia de grano más fino y se evacúa junto con el agua residual, por una salida que va a desembocar a una poza o cuba en disposición inferior a la criba, donde sedimenta la materia granular, que es extraída por un receptáculo asociado a la carcasa exterior giratoria.Figure 5 a. - Represents a longitudinal section of the screen for the classification and rinsing of the granular matter. It shows that it has two concentric pipes with an inclined axis and of different lengths, which are formed with a mesh of different pitch diameters, the innermost tube presenting a larger diameter passage than the outer one, which is partially wrapped by a housing external rotating with the tubes. The larger inner mesh tube is connected at one end to the centrifuge and receives a water line for rinsing inside of the material. The tube in outermost arrangement, forms with the external housing, a chamber where a finer grain material is collected and evacuated along with the wastewater, through an outlet that will lead to a well or tank in a lower arrangement than the sieve, where the granular matter sediments, which is extracted by a receptacle associated with the rotating outer casing.
A continuación se exponen detalladamente y enumeran los distintos componentes que integran el dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, según la forma de ejecución prevista.The different components that make up the device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter are detailed and listed, according to the planned form of execution.
Observando las figuras primera, segunda, tercera, cuarta y quinta, resulta fácilmente apreciable que el dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular, queda constituido por una centrifugadora -1- donde se produce el proceso de lavado y rotura de la materia granular en trozos más pequeños.Observing the first, second, third, fourth and fifth figures, it is easily appreciated that the device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter is constituted by a centrifuge -1- where the process of washing and breaking the granular matter occurs in smaller pieces.
Dicha centrifugadora comprende una tolva de carga superior -2- de la materia granular en bruto y una conducción de agua -3- para el lavado de dicha materia.Said centrifuge comprises a top-loading hopper -2- of the raw granular matter and a water line -3- for washing said matter.
En su interior la centrifugadora conforma al menos tres cámaras verticales -4-, -5- y -6-, comunicadas entre si por un paso central -7-, -8- y -9-, donde quedan situadas las paletas giratorias -10-, -11- y -12-, que están provistas en su superficie de nervios helicoidales -13- y quedan montadas sobre un eje giratorio -14- que recibe el movimiento de un sistema motriz no representado.Inside the centrifuge forms at least three vertical chambers -4-, -5- and -6-, communicated with each other by a central passage -7-, -8- and -9-, where the rotating vanes -10 are located -, -11- and -12-, which are provided on its surface with helical ribs -13- and are mounted on a rotating shaft -14- that receives the movement of a motor system not shown.
La tolva -2-, presenta un conducto de carga -15- que queda situado sobre la paleta -10- de la cámara superior, que comporta sobre sus nervios helicoidales, una chapa circularHopper -2-, has a loading duct -15- that is located on the pallet -10- of the upper chamber, which has a circular plate on its helical ribs
-16-, que obtura parcialmente al conducto y está provista de ranuras estratégicas -17- para el paso dosificado de la materia granular.-16-, which partially seals the duct and is provided with strategic slots -17- for the dosed passage of granular matter.
La centrifugadora comporta un conducto de salida -18- que se comunica con la criba -19- donde se realiza el proceso de enjuague y clasificación de la materia granular.The centrifuge has an outlet duct -18- that communicates with the sieve -19- where the process of rinsing and grading the granular matter is carried out.
La criba está conformada por al menos dos tubos de malla concéntricos y de eje inclinado -20- y -21-, de los cuales el tubo interior -20-, presenta un paso de malla de mayor diámetro, que el tubo exterior -21, quedando este último cubierto o parcialmente cubierto, por una carcasa envolvente -22-, giratoria con los tubos.The screen is made up of at least two concentric mesh tubes and inclined axes -20- and -21-, of which the inner tube -20-, has a mesh passage of greater diameter, than the outer tube -21, the latter being covered or partially covered, by an enclosing housing -22-, rotating with the tubes.
El tubo interno -20-, se encuentra conectado por un extremo a la centrifugadora y recibe en su interior la conducción de agua -23- para el enjuague del material que circula por su interior.The inner tube -20-, is connected at one end to the centrifuge and receives inside the water line -23- for rinsing the material that circulates inside.
El tubo -21-, forma con la carcasa externa -22-, una cámara -24- donde se recoge la materia de grano más pequeño y agua residual que se evac a por la salida -25- a la poza o cuba -26-.The tube -21-, forms with the external housing -22-, a chamber -24- where the smallest grain material and wastewater is collected that is evacuated through the outlet -25- to the well or tank -26- .
En tanto que la materia granular que se queda en el interior del conducto -21- se evacúa por la boca de salida -27-.While the granular matter that remains inside the duct -21- is evacuated through the outlet -27-.
Igualmente la materia granular de grano más grueso, que no ha traspasado la malla del tubo -20-, se descarga por su embocadura -28-.Likewise, the granular matter of coarser grain, which has not crossed the mesh of the tube -20-, is discharged through its mouth -28-.
Se ha previsto en la carcasa exterior -22-, al menos un receptáculo -29- que en cada giro extrae la materia granular sedimentada en la poza -26-. Para el procedimiento es indistinto utilizar una criba con los tubos en prolongación axial, ya que se conseguirla el mismo efecto, aunque con la criba de tubos concéntricos se reduce la longitud de la criba.It is provided in the outer housing -22-, at least one receptacle -29- which in each turn extracts the granular matter settled in the well -26-. For the procedure it is indistinct to use a sieve with the tubes in axial extension, since the same effect will be achieved, although with the sieve of concentric tubes the length of the sieve is reduced.
De este modo resulta fácilmente comprensible el procedimiento y funcionamiento del dispositivo para el tratamiento y clasificación de una materia granular que es como sigue:In this way, the procedure and operation of the device for the treatment and classification of a granular matter that is as follows is easily understood:
Se introduce la materia granular en bruto en la centrifugadora -1-, por la tolva de carga -2- y el agua de lavado por la conducción -3-, entrando en la cámara superior -The raw granular matter is introduced into the centrifuge -1-, through the loading hopper -2- and the washing water through the conduit -3-, entering the upper chamber -
4- por el conducto de descarga -15-, que dosifica la materia granular a través de las ranuras -17- de la paleta -10-.4- through the discharge duct -15-, which doses the granular matter through the grooves -17- of the vane -10-.
Al girar el eje -14- a través de su sistema motriz, las paletas -10-, -11- y -12- giran impulsando la materia granular y el agua hacia las paredes cónicas de las cámaras -4-, -5- y -6-, que pasan de una a otra, provocando la rotura de la materia granular en granos más pequeños, que son lavados por el agua, arrastrando las impurezas y formando una pasta de material granular desmenuzado y agua, que se evacúa por el conducto de salida -18- hacia la cribadora.By rotating the shaft -14- through its drive system, the vanes -10-, -11- and -12- rotate by driving the granular matter and the water towards the conical walls of the chambers -4-, -5- and -6-, which pass from one to another, causing the breakdown of granular matter into smaller grains, which are washed by water, dragging impurities and forming a paste of crumbled granular material and water, which is evacuated through the duct exit -18- towards the sieve.
Si se aumenta el número de cámaras y paletas en el interior de la centrifugadora, se permite una mayor partición de la materia y por tanto un mejor lavado. No obstante en la práctica se ha comprobado que en el tratamiento de la sal, una centrifugadora de tres paletas y las correspondientes cámaras dan un buen rendimiento.If the number of chambers and vanes inside the centrifuge is increased, a greater partition of the material and therefore a better washing is allowed. However, in practice it has been proven that in the treatment of salt, a three-blade centrifuge and the corresponding chambers give a good performance.
Igualmente se ha podido comprobar, que para lavar y romper 30 toneladas de sal/hora, son necesarios como mínimo el empleo de 16 litros de agua/segundo, consiguiéndose un buen rendimiento de trabajo en la centrifugadora de tres paletas. La cribadora -19- de tubos concéntricos y eje inclinado, recibe de la centrifugadora -1-, la pasta de materia granular desmenuzada, que pasa por interior del conducto -20-, en donde también se aloja la conducción de agua -23-, que enjuaga a la pasta en su recorrido por dicho conducto interno.It has also been possible to verify that to wash and break 30 tons of salt / hour, at least 16 liters of water / second are necessary, achieving a good working performance in the three-blade centrifuge. The sieve -19- of concentric tubes and inclined axis, receives from the centrifuge -1-, the crumbled granular matter paste, which passes through the inside of the duct -20-, where the water conduit -23- is also housed, which rinses the paste on its way through said internal duct.
Dicho conducto -20- permite el paso a través de su malla, a aquellos granos que tengan un diámetro menor que su paso, llegando el agua residual y granos menores al conducto intermedio -21-, que a su vez deja pasar por su malla a los granos inferiores al diámetro de sus agujeros, que llegan con el agua residual a la cámara -24-.Said conduit -20- allows the passage through its mesh, to those grains that have a diameter smaller than its passage, the residual water and minor grains reaching the intermediate conduit -21-, which in turn lets pass through its mesh to the grains smaller than the diameter of their holes, that arrive with the residual water to the chamber -24-.
El grano mas fino y agua residual, que se encuentra en la cámara -24- es evacuado de la misma por la salida -25- que llena la poza -26- donde se sedimenta el grano.The finest grain and residual water, which is in the chamber -24- is evacuated from it by the outlet -25- that fills the pool -26- where the grain settles.
Este grano es extraído de la poza mediante el receptáculo -29-, que asociado a la carcasa -22- gira con ella y en cada giro extrae el grano sedimentado, depositándolo en una cinta transportadora o en el lugar adecuado.This grain is extracted from the well by means of the receptacle -29-, which associated with the housing -22- rotates with it and in each turn it extracts the sedimented grain, depositing it on a conveyor belt or in the appropriate place.
Igualmente el grano medio que se encuentra alojado en el tubo -21- se evacúa por su embocadura -27- depositándose en el suelo o una cinta de transporte.Likewise, the average grain that is housed in the tube -21- is evacuated through its mouth -27- by being deposited on the ground or a conveyor belt.
Por último el grano más grueso depositado en el interior del tubo -20 y que no ha traspasado su malla por ser de mayor diámetro sale de la cribadora por su boca -28- depositándose en otra cinta de transporte o en el suelo.Finally, the thickest grain deposited inside the tube -20 and that has not crossed its mesh because of its larger diameter leaves the sieve through its mouth -28- by depositing on another conveyor belt or on the ground.
En el proceso práctico de tratamiento de la sal, se han obtenido granos de 1 mm. de diámetro, sedimentados en la poza, que son especialmente requeridos para ser utilizados como sal de mesa, porque no se apelmazan en los saleros y mantienen un grano uniforme.In the practical process of salt treatment, 1 mm grains have been obtained. in diameter, sedimented in the well, which are especially required to be used as salt table, because they do not cake in salt shakers and maintain a uniform grain.
Igualmente en la misma operación de tratamiento, se han obtenido granos de sal 3 mm. , que son los adecuados para ser utilizados en la conservación de los alimentos, por su peso adecuado para extraer el agua de los alimentos a salar.Also in the same treatment operation, 3 mm salt grains have been obtained. , which are suitable for being used in food preservation, due to their adequate weight to extract water from salted foods.
En dicha operación de tratamiento, la sal con un grano superior a 3 mm. , se ha utilizado para la industria.In said treatment operation, the salt with a grain greater than 3 mm. , has been used for the industry.
La invención ha sido descrita según el modo de realización ilustrado. Resulta evidente la posibilidad de aportar detalles modificativos y/o de reemplazar ciertos elementos o disposiciones por otros equivalentes, sin que por ello se salga del marco de la invención. The invention has been described according to the illustrated embodiment. The possibility of providing modifying details and / or replacing certain elements or arrangements with other equivalents is evident, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MXPA03008785A MXPA03008785A (en) | 2002-01-29 | 2003-01-24 | Method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200200203A ES2193866B1 (en) | 2002-01-29 | 2002-01-29 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT AND CLASSIFICATION OF A GRANULAR MATTER. |
| ESP200200203 | 2002-01-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003064050A1 true WO2003064050A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
Family
ID=27635983
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2003/000040 Ceased WO2003064050A1 (en) | 2002-01-29 | 2003-01-24 | Method and device for the treatment and classification of a granular material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2193866B1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA26235A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03008785A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003064050A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817000A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-09-01 | 新乡市高服筛分机械有限公司 | Centrifugal sieving machine |
| CN108245993A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-06 | 东莞市叁益机械科技有限公司 | The broken sand separating apparatus of grinding fluid |
| CN108927323A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 李启同 | A kind of working method of sandstone screening plant for building |
| CN110000082A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-12 | 陈常 | A kind of building sandstone automatic fitration screening system |
| US10695697B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2020-06-30 | Rotecna, S.A. | Device for treating a slurry by separating solids from liquids |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3747511A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-07-24 | L Palyi | Device for humidifying corn |
| ES417093A3 (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1976-03-16 | British Titan Ltd | A procedure for the crushing of solids in liquids. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US4159242A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1979-06-26 | Leon Walker | Coal washing apparatus |
| US4286748A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-09-01 | Bailey Albert C | Centrifugal concentrator |
| US6000645A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 1999-12-14 | Bfk Technologies, Inc. | Axial flow, bi-rotor concrete reclaimer |
-
2002
- 2002-01-29 ES ES200200203A patent/ES2193866B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-08-05 MA MA26763A patent/MA26235A1/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-01-24 WO PCT/ES2003/000040 patent/WO2003064050A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-24 MX MXPA03008785A patent/MXPA03008785A/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3747511A (en) * | 1971-07-16 | 1973-07-24 | L Palyi | Device for humidifying corn |
| ES417093A3 (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1976-03-16 | British Titan Ltd | A procedure for the crushing of solids in liquids. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US4159242A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1979-06-26 | Leon Walker | Coal washing apparatus |
| US4286748A (en) * | 1980-05-19 | 1981-09-01 | Bailey Albert C | Centrifugal concentrator |
| US6000645A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 1999-12-14 | Bfk Technologies, Inc. | Axial flow, bi-rotor concrete reclaimer |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101817000A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-09-01 | 新乡市高服筛分机械有限公司 | Centrifugal sieving machine |
| US10695697B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2020-06-30 | Rotecna, S.A. | Device for treating a slurry by separating solids from liquids |
| CN108245993A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-06 | 东莞市叁益机械科技有限公司 | The broken sand separating apparatus of grinding fluid |
| CN108927323A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-04 | 李启同 | A kind of working method of sandstone screening plant for building |
| CN110000082A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-12 | 陈常 | A kind of building sandstone automatic fitration screening system |
| CN110000082B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-06-02 | 林飘飘 | Building grit automatic filtration screening system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2193866B1 (en) | 2005-03-01 |
| MA26235A1 (en) | 2004-08-01 |
| MXPA03008785A (en) | 2005-12-14 |
| ES2193866A1 (en) | 2003-11-01 |
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