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WO2002103240A1 - Dispositif de combustion et systeme de traitement de dechets - Google Patents

Dispositif de combustion et systeme de traitement de dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002103240A1
WO2002103240A1 PCT/JP2002/006053 JP0206053W WO02103240A1 WO 2002103240 A1 WO2002103240 A1 WO 2002103240A1 JP 0206053 W JP0206053 W JP 0206053W WO 02103240 A1 WO02103240 A1 WO 02103240A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
melting
waste
exhaust gas
burner
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2002/006053
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasuhiro Yamada
Tadashi Miyata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zet Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zet Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zet Co Ltd filed Critical Zet Co Ltd
Publication of WO2002103240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002103240A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/04—Ram or pusher apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for melting waste and a waste treatment system, and more particularly, it is generated by incineration of garbage or by the purification of metals such as aluminum, iron and copper, or the production of solids.
  • the present invention relates to a melting device for melting a metal scale, and a waste treatment system provided with the melting device.
  • Conventional melting equipment has a melting furnace for heating the waste.
  • the melting furnace has a melting chamber for storing waste.
  • the waste stored in the melting chamber is heated by a melting parner arranged in the melting chamber.
  • the melting burner burns combustible gas and heats the waste at about 1300 ° C.
  • a melting accelerator such as a thermite, is charged into the melting chamber to ignite the melting accelerator.
  • a melting chamber containing waste and a brown gas in which hydrogen and oxygen are mixed at a molar ratio of 2: 1 are burned, and The melting flame that emits the flame of the gas toward the waste and melts the waste in the melting chamber.
  • a shut-off device for shutting off the inflow of gas are provided.
  • a waste treatment system provided with the above-mentioned melting device and a heat energy utilization facility that is connected to the melting device via a heat medium supply pipe and stores a processed material. .
  • the heat energy utilization equipment receives a part of the exhaust gas from the melting device through the heat medium supply pipe, and uses the thermal energy of the exhaust gas to burn or heat the processed material.
  • a method of using the above melting apparatus consists of supplying waste to the melting chamber, shutting off the flow of air from outside the melting device into the melting chamber, and using brown gas in which hydrogen and oxygen are mixed in a 2: 1 molar ratio. Burning the waste to melt the waste.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a melting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the melting furnace.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a waste disposal system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of a melting furnace of a melting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a melting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partially broken plan view of the melting furnace of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the melting furnace of FIG.
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the wrench.
  • FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of the burner of FIG.
  • FIG. 9B is a front view of one of the bars in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view of another example of a fusion burner.
  • the waste treatment system 400 includes a melting device 41, a gas generator 42 for supplying fuel gas to the melting device 41, and an incinerator connected to the melting device 41. Including 4 and 3.
  • the incinerator 43 is a facility that uses the thermal energy of the melting device 41.
  • the melting device 41 has a melting furnace 10 for melting waste, and a melting furnace for waste. It has a slag recovery section 20 for recovering molten slag generated by the process and an exhaust gas processing section 30 for processing exhaust gas generated when the waste is melted.
  • the gas generator 42 generates brown gas by electrolyzing or thermally decomposing water.
  • Plane gas is a mixed gas with a 2: 1 molar ratio between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
  • the brown gas is supplied to the melting furnace 10, the slag recovery unit 20 and the exhaust gas treatment unit 30, and is used as fuel for heat treatment of waste and exhaust gas.
  • Incinerator 4 3 contains and incinerates waste such as paper, wood, cloth, plastic and combustible waste.
  • the melting device 41 supplies a part of the exhaust gas generated when the waste 70 is melted to the incinerator 43.
  • the incinerator 43 uses the exhaust gas as thermal energy.
  • the incinerated ash generated by the incineration of the processed material is sent from the incinerator 43 to the melting furnace 10.
  • the incineration ash is melted in the melting furnace 10.
  • Exhaust gas generated by incineration of the treated material is returned from the incinerator 43 to the exhaust gas treatment section 30.
  • the exhaust gas processing unit 30 processes the exhaust gas returned from the incinerator 43 and the exhaust gas not sent to the incinerator 43.
  • the melting device 41 will be described.
  • the right side of FIG. 1 is the front of the melting device 41
  • the left side of FIG. 1 is the rear of the melting device 41.
  • a melting furnace 10 is provided at the upper left side of the melting device 41.
  • the melting furnace 10 has a melting chamber 11 defined by a heat-resistant wall 60 made of zirconia.
  • a supply port 12 is formed above the left heat-resistant wall 60.
  • the charging cylinder 15 is connected to the melting chamber 11 via the supply port 12.
  • the pusher 13 is provided to be able to reciprocate inside the charging cylinder 15.
  • a hopper 14 is attached to the upper part of the charging cylinder 15.
  • Waste 70 is supplied from the hopper 14 to the charging cylinder 15 as shown by the arrow.
  • Waste 70 is solids that contain little moisture, such as the incineration ash from incinerators 43, incineration ash incinerated at landfills, metal scales or metal scales produced by the forging of solids. Or a substance containing water, such as sludge or waste chemicals.
  • a blocking device or seal 13a At the end of the pusher 13 is provided a blocking device or seal 13a, With the pusher 13 moved toward the supply port 12, the seal 13 a closes the supply port 12.
  • the melting furnace 10 has a discharge path 16.
  • the bottom surface 17 of the melting chamber 11 is inclined so as to become higher as approaching the discharge passage 16. Due to the inclined bottom surface 17, the waste 70 in the melting chamber 11 is deposited on the left side. Therefore, the surface 70 a of the waste 70 is inclined from the supply port 12 toward the discharge path 16.
  • a stopper 16a is formed at the right end of the bottom surface 17 to prevent the waste 70 from spilling out of the discharge channel 16.
  • a first melting panner 18 is supported by a drive or cylinder 19 opposite the inclined surface 70a of the deposited waste 70.
  • the tip surface 18c of the first melting burner 18 faces the lower left corner of the melting chamber 11 so that the tip surface 18c is substantially parallel to the surface 70a of the waste 70. Placed. As shown in FIG. 2, the first melting burner 18 is moved by the expansion and contraction of a cylinder 19.
  • a gas generator 42 is connected to a base end of the first melting burner 18 via a gas supply pipe 18a.
  • the gas generator 42 supplies brown gas to the first melting parner 18.
  • the first melting burner 18 burns brown gas.
  • the brown gas flame is discharged from the tip surface 18c of the first melting burner 18 toward the surface 70a of the waste 70. Waste 70 is melted from the surface 70a by the combustion heat of the brown gas. Brown gas produces only steam after combustion.
  • the temperature outside of the brown gas flame is 200-250 ° C in the immediate vicinity of the flame, whereas 100-150 ° C at a position slightly away from the flame ° C.
  • the temperature of the brown gas flame that is, the heat of combustion
  • the distance L between the tip surface 18c of the first melting burner 18 and the surface 70a of the waste 70 is set so that the heat of combustion of the brown gas is most efficiently applied to the waste 70. , Held at about 10 O mm.
  • a cooling pipe 18 b passing just inside the tip face 18 c is connected to the first melting burner 18.
  • the refrigerant such as water or air flows through the cooling pipe 18b
  • the tip end surface 18c of the first melting burner 18 is cooled.
  • brown gas fuel The first heat burner 18 is prevented from being melted by the burning heat.
  • the stroke of cylinder 19 is about 15 O mm.
  • harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins are generated in the melting chamber 11 and are 200 to 250. Most harmful gases are decomposed into harmless compounds by the high temperature of 0 ° C brown gas flame. In addition, water vapor generated by the combustion of brown gas is also decomposed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Exhaust gas containing a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen and a small amount of harmful gas that has not been decomposed flows from the melting chamber 11 along with the molten slag 7 Ob through the discharge path 16 to the slag recovery section downstream of the melting furnace 10. Discharged to 20.
  • harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins are generated in the melting chamber 11 and are 200 to 250. Most harmful gases are decomposed into harmless compounds by the high temperature of 0 ° C brown gas flame. In addition, water vapor generated by the combustion of brown gas is also decomposed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Exhaust gas containing a
  • the slag recovery section 20 is formed below the melting furnace 10.
  • the slag collecting section 20 has a collecting chamber 20a partitioned by a heat-resistant wall 60.
  • the discharge passage 16 has an opening in the upper wall of the collection chamber 20a.
  • the recovery tank 21 is partitioned by a heat-resistant wall 60.
  • a first discharge path 22 that connects the collection chamber 20a with the outside of the melting device 41 is formed on the right side of the collection tank 21.
  • a first cooling tank 23 is disposed below the first discharge path 22.
  • a cooling liquid such as water is stored in the first cooling tank 23.
  • the second discharge passage 24 penetrates the bottom wall of the recovery tank 21. Below the second discharge path 24, a second cooling tank 25 in which a cooling liquid such as water is stored is arranged. Pulp 26 is attached to the first discharge path 22 and the second discharge path 24. By operating the valve 26, the first discharge path 22 and the second discharge path 24 are opened and closed.
  • the molten slag 70 b is stored in the recovery tank 21.
  • Recovery slag in recovery tank 2 1 7 0 When the stored amount of b exceeds the threshold, the molten slag 70 b overflows.
  • the valve 26 By operating the valve 26 to open the first discharge path 22, the molten slag 70 b is dropped into the first cooling tank 23. Since the molten slag 70 b is solidified by the cooling liquid, the solid slag is collected in the first cooling tank 23.
  • the second discharge path 24 is opened.
  • the molten slag 70b falls into the second cooling tank 25, and the solid slag is collected.
  • a second melting parner 144 is disposed above the recovery tank 21.
  • the second melting parner 44 burns the brown gas supplied from the gas generator 42 and heats the recovery chamber 20a to 100 to 200 ° C.
  • the second melting burner 4 blows out the flame almost horizontally. Therefore, the molten slag 70 b and the exhaust gas discharged from the discharge path 16 to the recovery chamber 20 a pass through the flame of the second molten parner 144.
  • impurities such as particles of unmolten waste 70 and harmful gas in the molten slag 70b are decomposed.
  • the harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas in a small amount is almost completely decomposed and removed. Therefore, the exhaust gas and the molten slag 70b in the recovery chamber 20a do not contain harmful gases.
  • the exhaust gas treatment section 30 is connected to an exhaust section 31 a formed downstream of the slag recovery section 20, a smoke tower 35 connected to the exhaust section 31 a, and a smoke tower 35.
  • Exhaust duct 36 The exhaust part 31 a is communicated with the collection chamber 20 a by the exhaust path 31.
  • the flue gas tower 35 is connected to the exhaust port 32 of the exhaust path 31.
  • the exhaust duct 36 is connected to the upper end of the flue gas tower 35.
  • the exhaust gas in the recovery chamber 20a flows toward the exhaust port 32 along the exhaust path 31 while colliding with the plurality of barriers 33. Thereby, impurities such as soot contained in the exhaust gas are removed.
  • the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the melting device 41 through the exhaust port 32, the smoke exhaust tower 35, and the exhaust duct 36.
  • a fan 34 or shut-off device is provided inside the flue gas tower 35.
  • the fan 34 When the fan 34 is rotated, the exhaust gas in the flue gas tower 35 is sent to the exhaust duct 36.
  • the exhaust duct 36 On the other hand, when the fan 34 is stopped, the exhaust duct 36 is shut off from the exhaust tower 35. Therefore, the flow of exhaust gas is stopped.
  • a part of the cooling pipe 18 b is formed in a wavy shape and housed in the exhaust duct 36.
  • the refrigerant flowing in the cooling pipe 18 b is preheated by the exhaust gas in the exhaust duct 36.
  • the first melting burner 18 is cooled by the preheated refrigerant. This prevents the first melting burner 18 from being damaged because the first melting burner 18 does not receive a rapid temperature change.
  • a plurality of exhaust burners 45 are provided in the exhaust passage 31.
  • the plurality of exhaust treatment burners 45 burn the brown gas supplied from the gas generator 42.
  • the exhaust gas 31 is heated to 850 to 150 ° C. by the combustion heat of the blown gas.
  • the harmful gas in the exhaust gas is completely decomposed into a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen by the heat of combustion of the brown gas when passing through the exhaust passage 31.
  • the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen is cooled to 450 ⁇ 50 ° C while passing through the flue gas tower 35 to become water vapor.
  • the heat of the steam is transmitted to the refrigerant flowing through the cooling pipe 18 b of the exhaust duct 36.
  • the steam cooled to about 100 ° C is discharged.
  • a boundary chamber 46 provided at the boundary between the recovery chamber 20a and the exhaust path 31 is connected to the incinerator 43 via a heat medium supply pipe 47. Part of the exhaust gas passing through the boundary chamber 46 flows into the incinerator 43 via the heat medium supply pipe 47. Since the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the boundary chamber 46 is 900 to 200 ° C., the exhaust gas has enough heat energy to incinerate the treated material in the incinerator 43.
  • An exhaust gas transfer pipe 48 connects the incinerator 43 and the exhaust part 31a. Specifically, the exhaust gas transfer pipe 48 communicates with the exhaust passage 31 downstream of the boundary chamber 46. Exhaust gas from the incinerator 43, including harmful gases, is sent to an exhaust passage 31 via an exhaust gas transfer pipe 48. The exhaust gas sent from the incinerator 43 to the exhaust part 31a is heated in the exhaust path 31 by a plurality of exhaust treatment burners 45. As a result, the harmful gas in the exhaust gas is decomposed into a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the waste 70 is quickly and reliably melted by the high-temperature flame generated by the combustion of the brown gas. Even if the melting of the waste 70 produces a harmful gas, It is burned by a flame at a high temperature of 2000 to 2500 ° C, decomposed, and rendered harmless.
  • Melting device 4 1 is a pusher 1 3 seal 1 3 a, slag recovery section 20 valve 2 6.
  • the shut-off device such as the fan 34 of the exhaust unit 31a, the flow of air to the melting chamber 11 is blocked. Due to this, the melting chamber 1 1 is not cooled by the outside air
  • the temperature of the melting chamber 11 is detected by a plurality of temperature sensors 10 a provided in the melting furnace 10. Based on the detected temperature of the melting chamber 11, the seal 13 a of the pusher 13, the valve 26 and the fan 34 are operated to control the shutoff of the air flow. For example, if the temperature of the melting chamber 11 is 2000 to 2500 ° C, the shut-off device will prevent air from flowing into the melting chamber 11 so that the brown gas will not mix with impurities and lower the combustion temperature. Cut off.
  • the valve 26 of the slag recovery section 20 of the melting apparatus 41 is closed, and the fan 34 of the exhaust section 31a is stopped.
  • the brown gas is supplied from the gas generator 42 to the burners 18, 44, 45 and ignited.
  • the temperature sensor 10 a detects that the temperature of the melting chamber 11 has reached 150 ° C.
  • the waste 70 is supplied from the charging cylinder 15 into the melting chamber 11. A part of the waste 70 is melted immediately after passing through the supply port 12.
  • the first melting burner 18 is advanced while melting the waste 70, and stops at a position advanced by about 150 mm. Approximately 150 mm thick waste 70 from the position of the original surface 70a is almost completely melted. Then, there is no melt around the flame of the burner 18, and the temperature of the melting chamber 11 starts to decrease. When this temperature decrease is detected by the temperature sensor 10a, the cylinder contracts and the first melting burner 18 is retracted. At about the same time, the pulp 26 of the slag recovery section 20 is opened. Collection The molten slag 70 b of the tank 21 falls through the first discharge path 22 and is collected in the first cooling tank 23.
  • Hazardous gas is generated once by melting the waste 70. Most of the harmful gas is burned and decomposed in the melting chamber 11 by the flame of the first melting parner 18 at a very high temperature of 2000 to 2500 ° C. The remaining harmful gas is almost completely burned and decomposed by the second melting burner 44 in the recovery chamber 20a. Water vapor generated by the combustion of brown gas is decomposed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by the heat of combustion of the brown gas.
  • the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen is sent as exhaust gas from the recovery chamber 20a to the exhaust passage 31.
  • the exhaust gas passes through the boundary champer 46 and is sent to the exhaust passage 31.
  • the exhaust gas is supplied to the incinerator 43 through the heat medium supply pipe 47, and is used for burning the treated material in the incinerator 43. Used as heat energy.
  • Exhaust gas containing harmful gas generated in the incinerator 43 is sent to the exhaust path 31 via the exhaust gas transfer pipe 48 and merges with the exhaust gas passing through the boundary champer 46.
  • the harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas of the exhaust passage 31 is decomposed by the flames of the plurality of exhaust treatment burners 45 and sent to the mixed gas power of hydrogen and oxygen S flue gas tower 35. While the fan 34 is stopped, the mixed gas is retained in the flue gas tower 35.
  • the fan 34 is rotated.
  • the mixed gas is sent from the flue gas tower 35 to the exhaust duct by the rotation of the fan 34.
  • the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen is cooled down to about 450 ° C. before reaching the exhaust duct 36 and becomes steam.
  • the heat of the steam is transferred to the refrigerant in the cooling pipe 18b. Water vapor cooled to about 100 ° C. is discharged from the exhaust duct 36.
  • the slag 70b is collected in the slag recovery section 20
  • steam is discharged from the exhaust gas processing section 30, and the temperature of the melting chamber 11 drops to about 1500 ° C.
  • the same amount of new waste 70 as the supplied amount is supplied from the charging cylinder 15 into the melting chamber 11.
  • the new waste 70 is, for example, a burning residue generated in the incinerator 43.
  • the fuel of the melting device 41 of the first embodiment is brown gas. Brown gas is burned without supplying air, and the heat of combustion is extremely high. Since the combustion temperature of brown gas is extremely high at 2000 to 2500 ° C, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins are burned and decomposed . Therefore, no harmful gas is discharged from the melting device 41.
  • the melting chamber 41 is supplied from the outside of the melting unit 41 by the seal 13 a of the pusher 13, the knob 26 of the slag recovery section 20 and the fan 34 of the exhaust section 31 a. Air flow to 1 is blocked. This prevents the brown gas from being mixed with impurities and lowering the combustion temperature. Further, leakage of the harmful gas before being decomposed from the melting device 41 is prevented.
  • the melting device 41 has a movable first melting burner 18.
  • the first melting burner 18 When supplying the waste 70, the first melting burner 18 is retracted. This prevents the waste 70 from adhering to the first molten burner 18, thereby preventing the first molten burner 18 from being damaged.
  • the first melting burner 18 when melting the waste 70, the first melting burner 18 is advanced.
  • the first melting burner 18 is retracted to temporarily stop the melting of the waste 70. Therefore, the waste 70 is reliably melted by the melting device 41 in a so-called patch-type process.
  • the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust path 31 is heated by the plurality of exhaust processing burners 45 arranged in the exhaust path 31.
  • Hazardous gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins in the exhaust gas are decomposed, and no harmful gases are discharged from the melting device 41.
  • the waste treatment system 400 includes a melting device 41 and an incinerator 43 connected to the melting device 41.
  • the thermal energy of the melting device 41 that is, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the melting of the waste 70 is used as thermal energy for burning the processed material in the incinerator 43. Since the surplus energy of melting waste 70 is used efficiently and efficiently, the incinerator 43 consumes little energy. Therefore, the energy consumption of the waste treatment system 400 is relatively low.
  • Exhaust gas from the incinerator 43 is sent to the melting device 41 via the exhaust gas transfer pipe 48, where it is discarded.
  • the waste gas is treated in the exhaust gas treatment section 30 together with the exhaust gas of the substance 70.
  • Exhaust gas from waste treatment system 400 is treated in waste treatment system 400, and harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and dioxins are treated as waste treatment system 400. Not emitted from 0.
  • the waste treatment system 400 is a closed system for hazardous gases.
  • the exhaust gas from the incinerator 43 and the exhaust gas from the melting device 41 are collectively made harmless by the exhaust gas treatment section 30.
  • the exhaust gas treatment unit 30 serves both as a device for treating the exhaust gas from the incinerator 43 and a device for treating the exhaust gas from the melting device 41. Therefore, the exhaust gas of the waste treatment system 400 is efficiently treated.
  • the burning residue in the incinerator 43 is melted in the melting furnace 10 to form slag, and is not discharged outside the waste treatment system 400. Therefore, processed materials such as refuse are incinerated, and if there is any burning residue, the burning residue is melted.
  • the waste treatment system 400 is a closed system that treats waste 70 and treated materials without emitting harmful substances and harmful gases.
  • the waste treatment system 400 is a so-called zero emission system that efficiently treats burning residues and harmful gases and does not discharge industrial waste.
  • the heat medium supply pipe 47 is connected to the boundary chamber 46, and the exhaust gas transfer pipe 48 is connected to the exhaust path 31 downstream of the boundary chamber 46. Therefore, the exhaust gas from the incinerator 43 is not returned to the incinerator 43 through the heat medium supply pipe 47. Therefore, the harmful gas is efficiently treated in the exhaust gas treatment section 30.
  • the melting furnace 10 has a lower supply port 12a formed at the lower part of the melting chamber 11.
  • a cylindrical lower charging cylinder 15a is connected to the lower supply port 12a.
  • the lower charging cylinder 15a is connected to the upper charging cylinder 15 via the communication pipe 15b.
  • the lower pusher 13b is movably arranged in the lower charging cylinder 15a. .
  • the lower supply port 12a is selectively closed by the seal 13a attached to the tip of the lower pusher 13b. With the lower supply port 12 a open and the upper supply port 12 closed with the upper pusher 13, waste 70 flows from the hopper 14 to the lower side via the communication pipe 15 b. It is supplied to the input cylinder 15a. By pushing down the lower pusher 13 b, the waste 70 in the lower inlet cylinder 15 a is supplied to the melting chamber 11.
  • waste 70 By extruding waste 70 from the lower charging cylinder 15 a into the melting chamber 11 1, new waste 70 is placed below the waste 70 in the melting chamber 11, specifically, the first melting burner 1 Supplied to a position far from the end face 18 c of 8.
  • the inclination angle of the surface 70a of the waste 70 changes as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the first melting burner 18 is movably supported with respect to the cylinder 19 so as to respond to the change in the inclination angle of the surface 70 a of the waste 70.
  • the first melting burner 18 is rotatably attached to the tip of a cylinder 19 having a swing mechanism (not shown) via a rotation shaft 18d.
  • the first melting burner 18 is shown so that the tip surface 18c is substantially parallel to the surface 70a of the waste 70 according to the change in the inclination angle of the surface 70a of the waste 70. Not pivoted about the pivot axis 18d by the pivot mechanism.
  • the gas supply pipe and the cooling pipe of the first embodiment are arranged in the first melting burner 18.
  • waste 70 is supplied from the upper charging cylinder 15 to the melting chamber 11, and the waste 70 is melted.
  • new waste 70 is supplied to the melting chamber 11 as follows. That is, the waste 70 is supplied from the hopper 14 to the lower charging cylinder 15a via the communication pipe 15b.
  • the temperature sensor 10a detects that the temperature of the melting chamber 11 has started to decrease
  • the lower pusher 13b is moved to the lower supply port 12a. This pushes new waste 70 behind the accumulated waste 70.
  • the addition of the waste 70 changes the inclination angle of the surface 70 a of the waste 70. Since the tip surface 18c of the first melting burner 18 is not substantially parallel to the surface 70a of the waste 70, the temperature of the melting chamber 11 does not rise. When the temperature sensor 10a detects that the temperature of the melting chamber 11 has not risen, the swinging mechanism operates and the first melting is performed. The bar "1 18 is rotated.
  • the waste 70 starts to be melted, and the temperature of the melting chamber 11 starts to rise.
  • the rotation of the first melting burner 18 is stopped.
  • New waste 70 is supplied to the lower charging cylinder 15 a via the hopper 14.
  • the lower pusher 13b is reciprocated, the waste 70 is supplied to the melting chamber 11, and the melting process is repeated.
  • the supply amount of the waste 70 from the lower charging cylinder 15a is adjusted to be substantially equal to the amount of the waste 70 melted in the melting chamber 11.
  • the melting device 41 of the second embodiment every time the temperature sensor 10a detects a decrease in the temperature of the melting chamber 11, waste 70 from the lower charging cylinder 15a enters the melting chamber 11. It is supplied continuously. Since the waste 70 is continuously melted, the efficiency of the melting process of the melting device 41 is improved.
  • the supply amount of the additional waste 70 is adjusted to be equal to the amount of the molten waste 70, a large amount of the waste 70 is processed by the melting device 41 in a relatively short time.
  • the third embodiment of the present invention will be described focusing on differences from the first embodiment.
  • the right side of FIG. 5 is the front of the melting device 41
  • the upper side of FIG. 6 is the left of the melting device 41.
  • the melting device 41 of the third embodiment has a box-shaped melting chamber 11 that is long in the front and back. As shown in FIG. 6, a supply port 12 is formed in the left wall at the rear of the melting chamber 11. The waste 70 is supplied to the melting chamber 11 through the supply port 12 by the continuous supply mechanism.
  • the continuous supply mechanism includes a hopper 73, a charging cylinder 71 connecting a lower portion of the hopper 73 and the supply port 12, and a pusher 72 disposed in the charging cylinder 71.
  • the pusher 7 2 is reciprocated in the input cylinder 71. Hopper waste 7 0 7 3 Then, the waste 70 is supplied from the supply port 12 to the melting chamber 11 by moving the pusher 72 toward the supply port 12 after being charged into the charging cylinder part 71 from the above. At this time, the tip of the pusher 72 does not reach the supply port 12 and is stopped at a position in the middle of the charging cylinder 71.
  • an outflow prevention wall 74 for damping the waste 70 is formed at the front end of the melting chamber 11.
  • a discharge concave portion 75 for discharging the molten molten slag forward is formed at the center of the upper end of the outflow prevention wall 74.
  • the bottom surface 17 of the melting chamber 11 is inclined so as to become lower as it approaches the outflow prevention wall 74. As a result, the waste 70 and the molten slag charged into the melting chamber 11 are guided from the supply port 12 toward the outflow prevention wall 74.
  • a discharge path 16 is defined in front of the outflow prevention wall 74. Below the outflow prevention wall 74, a rectangular box-shaped slag recovery section 20 is disposed. The discharge path 16 communicates with the slag recovery section 20 and the melting chamber 11. A cooling liquid such as water is stored in the slag recovery section 20, and a first recovery conveyor 77 is stored therein. A slag collection hole 76 is formed in the rear wall of the slag collection section 20. A second collection conveyor 78 linked to the first collection conveyor 77 is disposed in the slag collection hole 76.
  • the slag in the slag collection unit 20 is carried out by the first and second collection conveyors 77 and 78.
  • the slag collection hole 76 may be selectively shut off by an unillustrated shutoff device such as an air curtain.
  • a melting burner attaching portion 79 is supported, respectively.
  • the melting burner mounting portion 79 is disposed between the supply port 12 and the outflow prevention wall 74.
  • Each melt burner mount 79 has an inner slope 80 inclined at approximately 45 degrees.
  • Three pairs of third melting burners 81 are attached to each inner slope 80 along the longitudinal direction of the melting chamber 11. As shown in FIG. 6, the third molten burner on the right inner slope 80 is displaced from the third molten burner on the left inner slope 80. Therefore, the melting furnace 10 has six pairs of third melting burners 81.
  • a first exhaust port 82 is formed in the front wall of the melting chamber 11.
  • the first exhaust port 82 is connected to a flue gas tower 35 of an exhaust gas treatment section 30.
  • Flue gas tower 35 has a bent exhaust path 31. Exhaust gas generated by melting the waste 70 is sent to the exhaust passage 31.
  • two burner attachment portions 45 a are attached to the flue gas tower 35.
  • Two second exhaust processing burners 45b opposed to each other with the exhaust path 31 interposed therebetween are mounted on each of the two mounting portions 45a.
  • the second exhaust processing burner 45b Is the same as the third melting panner 81.
  • the smoke exhaust tower 35 is provided with a fan 34 for shutting off the exhaust passage 31.
  • a second exhaust port 83 is formed in the front wall of the slag recovery section 20.
  • the bypass cylinder 84 of the exhaust gas treatment section 30 connects the second exhaust port 83 and the flue gas tower 35. The flow of exhaust gas between the melting chamber 11 and the slag recovery section 20 is adjusted by the bypass cylinder 84.
  • the third melting burner 81 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9A.
  • the flame is ejected from the third melting burner 81 toward the left side of FIG.
  • the third melting part 81 includes a cylindrical parner main body 85 and a cylindrical refrigerant supply pipe 86 penetrating the bottom wall of the burner main body 85.
  • the refrigerant supply pipe 86 is The burner has a tapered tip disposed in the body 85.
  • the base end of the refrigerant supply pipe 86 protrudes from the bottom wall of the burner body 85.
  • the gas supply pipe 87 penetrates the bottom wall of the refrigerant supply pipe 86.
  • the tip of the gas supply pipe 87 is disposed on the left side of the tip of the refrigerant supply pipe 86 and the tip of the panner body 85.
  • a gas generator (not shown) is connected to the base end of the gas supply pipe 87. Brown gas generated by the gas generator is sent into the gas supply pipe 87.
  • a substantially annular nozzle fixing portion 88 is provided at the end of the burner body 85.
  • An annular nozzle mounting portion 89 is screwed into the end of the gas supply pipe 87.
  • the nozzle mounting portion 89 is engaged with a fixing step portion 90 formed inside the nozzle fixing portion 88, and is fixed to the nozzle fixing portion 88 by a hexagonal bolt 91.
  • a seal ring made of a rubber material (not shown) is arranged between the right end face of the nozzle mounting portion 89 and the fixed step portion 90.
  • a substantially cylindrical nozzle 92 is screwed into the tip of the nozzle mounting portion 89.
  • the nozzle 92 has an internal gas injection port 93 larger than the inner diameter of the gas supply pipe 87.
  • the bra sprayed from the gas injection port 9 3 The pressure of the black gas is lower than the pressure of the brown gas flowing through the gas supply pipe 87.
  • the brown gas injected from the relatively large-diameter nozzle 92 is burned, and a flame is generated.
  • a coolant supply hole 94 is formed in the peripheral wall near the base end of the coolant supply pipe 86.
  • a coolant discharge hole 95 is formed in the peripheral wall near the base end of the parner main body 85.
  • the refrigerant that is, water
  • Water flows in from the refrigerant supply hole 94. Water flows through a gap between the refrigerant supply pipe 86 and the gas supply pipe 87. The water is compressed by the tapered tip of the refrigerant supply pipe 86, and the pressurized water is jetted toward the right end face of the nozzle mounting portion 89. Thereby, the nozzle mounting portion 89 is directly cooled, and the nozzle 92 is indirectly cooled. Water flows between the burner main body 85 and the refrigerant supply pipe 86, and is discharged from the refrigerant discharge hole 95 to the outside of the panner main body 85.
  • the pusher 72 is retracted from the supply port 12, and the waste 70 is injected from the hopper 73 into the charging cylinder 71.
  • the pusher 72 is advanced toward the supply port 12 to supply the waste 70 in the charging cylinder 71 to the melting chamber 11.
  • the tip of the pusher 17 2 does not reach the supply port 12. Therefore, a part of the waste 70 remains in the charging cylinder 71.
  • the charging cylinder 71 is substantially closed by the wall of the remaining waste 70.
  • the pusher 72 is retracted, and the waste 70 is injected from the hopper 73 into the charging cylinder 71.
  • the waste 70 is supplied to the melting chamber 11 in the same manner as described above. By repeating the above operation, the waste 70 is continuously supplied to the melting chamber 11 and deposited on the melting chamber 11.
  • the waste 70 near the third melting panner 81 is melted by the flame and combustion heat of the plow gas.
  • the molten waste 70 becomes liquid molten slag, flows along the surface 70 a of the deposited waste 70 a to the front of the melting chamber 11, is blocked by the outflow prevention wall 74, and is stored. You.
  • the molten slag When the molten slag reaches the height of the discharge recess 75, the molten slag flows down into the slag recovery section 20 through the discharge recess 75 and the discharge path 16. The molten slag is cooled and solidified by the cooling liquid in the slag recovery section 20.
  • the solidified slag is a collection conveyor It is carried out from the slag collection hole 76 by 77,78.
  • the melting device 41 has a continuous supply mechanism for continuously feeding the waste 70 into the melting chamber 11. Since the waste 70 is continuously melted, the melting process is efficient.
  • a plurality of third melting parners 81 are attached to a melting burner attachment part 79 supported on a side wall of the melting chamber 11. Since the plurality of third melting pans 81 uniformly heat the waste 70, the waste 70 is efficiently melted.
  • the nozzle 92 of the third melting burner 81 has a gas injection port 93 having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the gas supply pipe 87. Since the decompressed brown gas is emitted from the gas injection port 93, the flame of the brown gas is prevented from reaching far from the nozzle 92, and the flame is concentrated near the nozzle 92.
  • the nozzle 92 of the third melting burner 81 is detachable from the nozzle mounting portion 89. For example, by replacing the nozzle 92 with a different inner diameter of the gas injection port 93, the pressure of the brown gas injected from the gas injection port 93 is changed, so that the size of the flame of the plan gas can be easily increased. Can be changed to
  • Water for cooling the nozzle 92 of the third melting burner 81 is pressurized at the tapered tip of the refrigerant supply pipe 86 and is injected from the refrigerant supply pipe 86.
  • the jetted water surely comes into contact with the nozzle mounting portion 89, so that the nozzle mounting portion 89 and the nozzle 92 are reliably cooled.
  • the nozzle 92 of the third melting burner 81 is indirectly cooled, so that the nozzle 92 is prevented from being melted by the combustion heat of the brown gas.
  • the degree of cooling of the nozzle 92 can be changed, and the pressure of the brown gas can be changed according to the degree of cooling of the nozzle 92.
  • the volume is fine-tuned.
  • the size of the flame of the brown gas can be changed according to the distance between the tip of the nozzle 92 and the surface 70a of the waste 70.
  • the first to third embodiments may be modified as follows.
  • a shield wall may be provided between the supply port 12 and the first melting burner 18.
  • the shield wall prevents the incoming waste 70 from adhering to the first melting burner 18.
  • the first melting It may be immovably fixed to the melting chamber 11.
  • the waste 70 is deposited with the surface 70 a inclined from the supply port 12 toward the discharge path 16, but is not limited thereto. Waste 70 may be deposited so that In this case, the first melting parner 18 is arranged so that the tip surface 18c is horizontal.
  • a transfer means such as a conveyor or a cart is arranged between an outlet for taking out the firing residue of the incinerator 43 and the hoppers 14 and 73 of the melting furnace 10. Good.
  • the firing residue of the incinerator 43 is supplied to the hoppers 14 and 73 automatically or manually by the transfer means.
  • the residue of the incinerator 43 is easily and quickly transferred to the melting furnace 10, so that the working efficiency is improved and the processing time is reduced.
  • a generator of a thermal power plant may be connected to the melting device 41 instead of the incinerator 43 as the thermal energy utilization facility.
  • the processed material is a mixture containing fossil fuels.
  • Other thermal energy utilization equipment is, for example, a boiler device that heats boiler water (the processed material is boiler water) or a gas turbine device that burns a mixture containing fossil fuels.
  • the communication pipe 15b is omitted, a second hopper is provided above the lower charging cylinder 15a, and the waste 7 is placed inside the lower charging cylinder 15a from the second hopper. 0 may be input.
  • the water used for cooling the first molten burner 18 or the nozzle 92 is used.
  • the gas may be supplied to the gas generator 42, and the gas generator 42 may reuse the water to generate brown gas. In this case, since the amount of water used in operation of the waste treatment system 400 is reduced, the operation cost of the waste treatment system 400 is reduced, and energy can be saved. .
  • the steam exhausted from the exhaust duct 36 may be collected and used as a refrigerant for cooling the first melting burner 18. Further, after collecting the water vapor, it may be liquefied and supplied to the gas generator 42 to be used as a raw material of the brown gas or a refrigerant for cooling the first melting burner 18. In addition, this steam may be supplied to a steam utilization facility such as a boiler device or hydroponics. In this case, the waste treatment system The energy efficiency of the system 400 is further improved.
  • the melting chamber 11 and the slag collecting section 20 may be partitioned by a heat-resistant wall made of zirconia.
  • two or more pairs of burner attachment portions 45a may be provided in the smoke exhaust tower 35.
  • third fusion burners 81 may be attached to each fusion burner attachment portion 79. Further, a fusion burner mounting portion having one third fusion burner 81 may be fixed to each side wall of the fusion chamber 11.
  • the third melting burners 81 may be arranged at the same height, or may be arranged at different heights. However, it is preferable that the third melting panner 18 1 is arranged to be shifted in the longitudinal direction of the melting chamber 11.
  • the third melting burner 81 of the third embodiment may be changed to a fourth melting burner 96 shown in FIG.
  • the fourth melting burner 96 includes a vertically extending refrigerant supply pipe 86, a branched refrigerant supply pipe 97 branched from the middle and lower portions of the refrigerant supply pipe 86, and an interior of the branched refrigerant supply pipe 97.
  • a branch gas supply pipe 98 arranged at
  • the branch gas supply pipe 98 penetrates the refrigerant supply pipe 86 and is connected to an intermediate part and a lower part of the gas supply pipe 87 extending vertically.
  • the branch refrigerant supply pipes 97 are respectively screwed to the corresponding first connection cylinders 99.
  • the first connecting cylinder 99 is bent approximately 45 degrees downward.
  • the distal end of the first connecting cylinder 99 is screwed into a cylindrical nozzle fixing portion 100, respectively.
  • a nozzle fixing plate 101 is attached to the tip of the nozzle fixing part 100.
  • the nozzle fixing plate 101 is flush with the inner slope 80 of the fusion burner mounting portion 79.
  • a coolant discharge hole 95 is formed on the peripheral wall of each nozzle fixing portion 100, and a coolant discharge pipe 102 is connected to communicate with the coolant discharge hole 95.
  • the branch gas supply pipes 98 are respectively screwed to the second connecting tubes 103 extending in parallel with the first connecting tubes 99.
  • a cylindrical nozzle 92 is screwed into the distal end of the second connecting cylinder 103.
  • the nozzle 92 penetrates the nozzle fixing plate 101 and protrudes from the nozzle fixing portion 100.
  • the nozzle 92 has a gas injection port 93 having an inner diameter that varies stepwise.
  • the inner diameter of the gas injection port 93 is smaller than the inner diameter of the branch gas supply pipe 98, but close to the tip of the nozzle 92.
  • the gas injection port 93 on the other side is smaller than the side near the branch gas supply pipe 98.
  • the gas supply pipe 87 is connected to a gas generator (not shown).
  • the brown gas flows through the gas supply pipe 87, the branch gas supply pipe 98, and the second connecting cylinder 103, and reaches the gas injection port 93.
  • the brown gas is pressurized stepwise by passing through the gas injection port 93, and the compressed brown gas is injected from the nozzle 92 and burns outside the nozzle 92 to generate a flame.
  • Water as a refrigerant is pressurized and supplied to the refrigerant supply pipe 86.
  • This water cools the branch gas supply pipe 98 and the second connecting cylinder 103 by flowing along the branch refrigerant supply pipe 97 and the first connecting cylinder 99, and further, to the nozzle fixing part 100. Cooling is achieved by flowing along.
  • the water used for cooling is drained through the refrigerant discharge holes 95 and the refrigerant discharge pipes 102.
  • the pressure or volume of the brown gas is changed by adjusting the amount or pressure of the water injected into the refrigerant supply pipe 86.
  • the size of the flame caused by the combustion of the brown gas can be easily changed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de combustion (4) de déchets en absence d'air comportant un brûleur de mélange (18) brûlant les fumées rousses dans une chambre de mélange (11) et des dispositifs de coupure (13a, 26, 34) fermant les entrées d'air de la chambre de mélange depuis l'extérieur du dispositif de combustion pendant la combustion des fumées rousses.
PCT/JP2002/006053 2001-06-19 2002-06-18 Dispositif de combustion et systeme de traitement de dechets Ceased WO2002103240A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001-185449 2001-06-19
JP2001185449 2001-06-19
JP2001334363 2001-10-31
JP2001-334363 2001-10-31
JP2002-27441 2002-02-04
JP2002027441A JP3755055B2 (ja) 2001-06-19 2002-02-04 溶融処理装置及びそれを備える廃棄物処理システム

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002103240A1 true WO2002103240A1 (fr) 2002-12-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2002/006053 Ceased WO2002103240A1 (fr) 2001-06-19 2002-06-18 Dispositif de combustion et systeme de traitement de dechets

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JP (1) JP3755055B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002103240A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4878805B2 (ja) * 2005-10-06 2012-02-15 株式会社Ｅ．Ｃ．Ｇ 廃棄物処理方法
CN111266391B (zh) * 2020-03-13 2022-08-09 新疆浦盛环保科技有限公司 固体废物处理系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03191201A (ja) * 1989-09-22 1991-08-21 Kobe Steel Ltd 還元ガスの発生方法
JPH05187621A (ja) * 1992-01-09 1993-07-27 Takuma Co Ltd 廃棄物の焼却・溶融処理装置及び焼却・溶融処理方法
JPH1172204A (ja) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 酸素吹液体燃料バーナ
JPH11287426A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 灰溶融炉
JP2000039123A (ja) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-08 Ekoo Kk ブラウンガスを使用する廃棄物の焼却方法及び焼却装置
JP2000039128A (ja) * 1998-07-21 2000-02-08 Sankosha Corp 廃棄物処理装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03191201A (ja) * 1989-09-22 1991-08-21 Kobe Steel Ltd 還元ガスの発生方法
JPH05187621A (ja) * 1992-01-09 1993-07-27 Takuma Co Ltd 廃棄物の焼却・溶融処理装置及び焼却・溶融処理方法
JPH1172204A (ja) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 酸素吹液体燃料バーナ
JPH11287426A (ja) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 灰溶融炉
JP2000039128A (ja) * 1998-07-21 2000-02-08 Sankosha Corp 廃棄物処理装置
JP2000039123A (ja) * 1998-07-24 2000-02-08 Ekoo Kk ブラウンガスを使用する廃棄物の焼却方法及び焼却装置

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JP3755055B2 (ja) 2006-03-15

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