WO2002097018A1 - Detergent moussant alcalin pour surfaces dures - Google Patents
Detergent moussant alcalin pour surfaces dures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002097018A1 WO2002097018A1 PCT/GB2002/001436 GB0201436W WO02097018A1 WO 2002097018 A1 WO2002097018 A1 WO 2002097018A1 GB 0201436 W GB0201436 W GB 0201436W WO 02097018 A1 WO02097018 A1 WO 02097018A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cationic
- composition
- surfactants
- anionic surfactants
- surfactant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0094—High foaming compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0043—For use with aerosol devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
- C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Definitions
- This invention relates to foam alkaline compositions that can be used daily on hard surfaces, particularly lavatory surfaces.
- the composition cleans, and can also disinfect, the surfaces.
- the present invention relates to the cleaning of hard surfaces, particularly lavatory surfaces, with a foam alkaline lavatory cleaner.
- the lavatory surfaces are toilet bowls, but can also include urinals and bidets.
- the hard surfaces can also include shower stalls, bathtubs and bathing appliances, wall and flooring surfaces especially those which include refractory materials and the like.
- Further hard surfaces which are particularly denoted are those associated with kitchen environments and other environments associated with food preparation. Hard surfaces which are those associated with hospital environments, medical laboratories and medical treatment environments. Such hard surfaces described above are to be understood as being recited by way of illustration and not be way of limitation.
- composition of the present invention allows for these surfaces to be cleaned by applying the composition onto the hard surface, allowing the composition to remain on the surface for a particular period of time (usually about five minutes), scrubbing the surface, and then wiping the surface or in some cases, flushing the lavatory.
- the composition can also be applied to the hard surface and allowing it to remain on the surface for a particular period of time (usually about five minutes) and then wiping the surface or in some cases, flushing the lavatory.
- alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition comprising (and in some instances consisting essentially of):
- a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
- a propellant a propellant
- composition excluding cationic surfactants and optionally contains one or more corrosion inhibitors, perfumes, perfume carriers, coloring agents, non-aqueous solvents excluding glycol ethers, viscosity modifying agents, pH adjusting agents, pH buffers, antioxidants, non-cationic antimicrobials, non-cationic germicidals, non-cationic fungicidals, and preservatives.
- the (a) surfactant is a mixture of anionic and non-ionic surfactants. More preferably, the anionic surfactant is a mixture of sacrosinate and sulfate anionic surfactants and the non-ionic surfactant is an alcohol ethoxylate. Additionally, the pH of the composition is preferably between 10 and* 14, more preferably between 11 and 13.
- the present application is also directed to an alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition
- an alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition comprising (and in some instances consisting essentially of): (a) a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sacrosinate anionic surfactants, sulfate anionic surfactants, alcohol ethoxylate non-ionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof (or in some instances, a surfactant mixture of sacrosinate anionic surfactants, sulfate anionic surfactants, and alcohol ethoxylate non-ionic surfactants); (b) a propellant; and
- composition excluding cationic surfactants and optionally contains one or more corrosion inhibitors, perfumes, perfume carriers, coloring agents, non-aqueous solvents excluding glycol ethers, viscosity modifying agents, pH adjusting agents, pH buffers, antioxidants, non-cationic antimicrobials, non-cationic germicidals, non-cationic fungicidals, and preservatives.
- alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition comprising (and in some instances consisting essentially of):
- a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
- a propellant a propellant
- composition excluding cationic surfactants and optionally contains one or more corrosion inhibitors, perfumes, perfume carriers, coloring agents, non-aqueous solvents excluding glycol ethers, viscosity modifying agents, pH adjusting agents, pH buffers, antioxidants, non-cationic antimicrobials, non-cationic germicidals, non-cationic fungicidals, and preservatives.
- the (a) surfactant is a mixture of anionic and non-ionic surfactants. More preferably, the anionic surfactant is a mixture of sacrosinate and sulfate anionic surfactants and the non-ionic surfactant is an alcohol ethoxylate. Additionally, the pH of the composition is preferably between 10 and 14, more preferably between 11 and 13.
- the present application is also directed to an alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition
- an alkaline foam hard surface cleaning composition comprising (and in some instances consisting essentially of): (a) a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sacrosinate anionic surfactants, sulfate anionic surfactants, alcohol ethoxylate non-ionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof (or in some instances, a surfactant mixture of sacrosinate anionic surfactants, sulfate anionic surfactants, and alcohol ethoxylate non-ionic surfactants); (b) a propellant; and
- composition excluding cationic surfactants and optionally contains one or more corrosion inhibitors, perfumes, perfume carriers, coloring agents, non-aqueous solvents excluding glycol ethers, viscosity modifying agents, pH adjusting agents, pH buffers, antioxidants, non-cationic antimicrobials, non-cationic germicidals, non-cationic fungicidals, and preservatives.
- Suitable anionic surfactants include, for example, alcohol sulfates (e.g. alkali metal or ammonium salts of alcohol sulfates) and sulfonates, alcohol phosphates and phosphonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfate esters of an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol, alkyl monoglyceride sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, beta-alkoxy alkane sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, ethoxylated alkyl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates, alkyl carboxylates, alkyl ether carboxylates, alkyl alkoxy carboxylates having 1 to 5 mo
- Suitable nonionic surfactants include, inter alia, condensation products of alkylene oxide groups with an organic hydrophobic compound, such as an aliphatic compound or with an alkyl aromatic compound.
- the nonionic synthetic organic detergents generally are the condensation products of an organic aliphatic or alkyl aromatic hydrophobic compound and hydrophilic ethylene oxide groups. Practically any hydrophobic compound having a carboxy, hydroxy, amido, or amino group with a free hydrogen attached to the nitrogen can be condensed with ethylene oxide or with the polyhydration product thereof, polyethylene glycol, to form a water soluble nonionic detergent. Further, the length of the polyethylenoxy hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements may be varied to adjust these properties.
- nonionic surfactant is the condensation product of one mole of an alkyl phenol having an alkyl group containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms with from about 5 to 25 moles of an alkylene oxide.
- Another example of such a nonionic surfactant is the condensation product of one mole of an aliphatic alcohol which may be a primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms with from 1 to about 10 moles of alkylene oxide.
- Alkylene oxides are ethylene oxides or propylene oxides which may be present singly, or may be both present.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants include primary and secondary linear and branched alcohol ethoxylates, such as those based on C 6 -C ⁇ 8 alcohols. These surfactants are available under the commercial names Neodol (from Shell Chemical Company, Houston, TX), Genapol (from Clariant Corp., Charlotte, NC), Tergitol (Union Carbide Corp., a division of The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Ml), and Empilan (from Albright & Wilson, United Kingdom). Alcohol ethoxylates having twelve to fourteen carbon atoms and about 10 to 14 moles of ethylene oxide are preferred.
- a further class of nonionic surfactants which may find use in the present inventive compositions include ethoxylated octyl and nonyl phenols include those having one of the following general structural formulas:
- C 9 H 19 group in the latter formula is a mixture of branched chained isomers, and x indicates an average number of ethoxy units in the side chain.
- Particularly suitable non-ionic ethoxylated octyl and nonyl phenols include those having from about 7 to about 13 ethoxy groups.
- Such compounds are commercially available under the trade name Triton (Union Carbide Corp., a division of The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Ml), as well as under the tradename Igepal (Rhodia, Princeton, NJ).
- anionic surfactants can be found in "CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook," J. M. Nikitakis, ed., The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1988) (hereafter CTFA Handbook), pages 10-13, 42-46, and 87-94, incorporated herein by reference. Additional examples of non-ionic surfactants can be found in the CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fourth Ed., Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Washington, D.C. (1991) at pages 1-651; and in the CTFA Handbook, at pages 86-94, each incorporated herein by reference. Because of the use of anionic surfactants in the present composition, cationic surfactants are excluded from the compositions of the present invention.
- compositions of the present invention also contain propellants such as pressurized gases, including carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, as well as others, for example, propane, butane, pentane, isobutane, isopentane, mixtures of hydrocarbon gases (such as, for example, A-46 and A-70 available from Phillips Petroleum), dimethyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
- propellants such as pressurized gases, including carbon dioxide, air, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, as well as others, for example, propane, butane, pentane, isobutane, isopentane, mixtures of hydrocarbon gases (such as, for example, A-46 and A-70 available from Phillips Petroleum), dimethyl ether, and mixtures thereof.
- the amount of propellant used is generally between 4 and 10% of the entire composition. Typically, six percent propellant is used.
- compositions are largely aqueous in nature, and comprise water.
- Water is added to order to provide to 100% by weight of the compositions of the invention.
- the water may be tap water, but is preferably distilled and is most preferably deionized water. If the water is tap water, it is preferably substantially free of any undesirable impurities such as organics or inorganics, especially mineral salts which are present in hard water which may thus undesirably interfere with the operation of the constituents present in the aqueous compositions according to the invention.
- the inventive compositions may comprise one or more conventional optional additives.
- these include: pH adjusting agents and pH buffers including organic and inorganic salts; non-aqueous solvents excluding glycol ethers, perfumes, perfume carriers, coloring agents such as dyes and pigments, viscosity modifying agents such as thickeners, non-cationic antimicrobials, non-cationic germicidals, non-cationic fungicidals antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors as well as others not specifically elucidated here.
- These ingredients may be present in any combinations and in any suitable amount that is sufficient for imparting the desired properties to the compositions.
- These one or more conventional additives when present, should be present in minor amounts, preferably in total comprise less than about 5% by weight (on an active weight basis) of the compositions, and desirably less than about 3%wt.
- the aqueous compositions according to the invention are desirably provided as a ready to use product which may be directly applied to a hard surface such as toilets and bidets.
- the composition provided according to the invention is provided as a ready to use product as an aerosolized product wherein it is discharged from a pressurized aerosol container.
- the cleaning composition is dispensed by activating the release nozzle of said aerosol type container onto the hard surface to be cleaned.
- the applied composition can be allowed to remain on the hard surface and then either washed away by flushing the toilet or bidet or scrubbed using any variety of scrubbing implement and then flushing away the remaining composition by flushing the toilet or bidet.
- weight percents of any constituent are to be understood as the weight percent of the active portion of the referenced constituent, unless otherwise indicated.
- Ex. 1 was found to pass EN 1276 against Psuedomonas aeruginosa.
- Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 were found to pass Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Esche chia coli, and Enterococcus faecalis.
- Ex. 2 was found to pass Staphylococcus aureus and Ex. 3 was found to be boardline against
- Ex. 1 , 2, and 3 were also tested for cleaning of ceramic surfaces to reduce build up of mineral deposits.
- Ex. 1 , 2, and 3 were gassed with 6% propellant. The resulting mixtures were then sprayed onto the inside of a toilet bowl, including under the rim. The toilets were then flushed at specified intervals and visually ranked versus a control (nothing sprayed on surface).
- the examples of the present invention were found to have good cleaning of ceramic surfaces to reduce the build up of mineral deposits.
- the composition of the present invention is used to clean toilet bowl surfaces by applying the composition onto the toilet bowl surface, allowing the composition to remain on the surface for a particular period of time (usually about five minutes), scrubbing the surface, and then flushing the toilet.
- the composition can also be applied to the toilet bowl surface and allowing it to remain on the surface for a particular period of time (usually about five minutes) and then flushing the toilet.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0113052.5 | 2001-05-30 | ||
| GB0113052A GB0113052D0 (en) | 2001-05-30 | 2001-05-30 | Improvements in or relating to organic compositions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002097018A1 true WO2002097018A1 (fr) | 2002-12-05 |
| WO2002097018A8 WO2002097018A8 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
Family
ID=9915505
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB2002/001436 Ceased WO2002097018A1 (fr) | 2001-05-30 | 2002-03-25 | Detergent moussant alcalin pour surfaces dures |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB0113052D0 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002097018A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114214123A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-22 | 广东好顺欧迪斯科技股份有限公司 | 马桶遮臭防飞溅气雾剂料液及其制备方法、喷雾剂和应用 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102729925B1 (ko) * | 2021-02-24 | 2024-11-14 | 브이지피 아이피씨오 엘엘씨 | 증발기 코일용 발포 세정제 |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1075516A (en) * | 1963-12-04 | 1967-07-12 | Winfield Brooks Company Inc | Oven cleaner and method of using the same |
| FR1495275A (fr) * | 1965-10-01 | 1967-09-15 | Composition d'aérosol pour le traitement de surfaces de cuisinières et de surfacesanalogues et pour leur conférer des propriétés de résistance à l'encrassement | |
| US3779933A (en) * | 1965-12-28 | 1973-12-18 | Glamorene Products Corp | Alkaline oven cleaning composition |
| JPS5356203A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1978-05-22 | Lion Corp | Aerosol type cleaner composition |
| EP0586295A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-03-09 | Nln | Compositions fluides, rapidement moussantes, exemptes de savons, contenant un hydrocarbure inférieur et propulsées en récipient sous pression de gaz comprimé |
| US5356479A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-10-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Method for cleaning bathroom fittings |
| WO1994024259A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-15 | 1994-10-27 | Unilever Plc | Composition de nettoyage hygienique et appareil destine a pulveriser ladite composition |
| WO1997000934A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-01-09 | R & C Products Pty. Limited | Compositions nettoyantes sous forme d'aerosols |
| WO1998001528A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-15 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Agents s'utilisant pour nettoyer des surfaces dures |
| WO1998044080A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | The Clorox Company | Nettoyant aerosol pour surfaces dures assurant une meilleure elimination de la salete |
| EP0990436A2 (fr) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-05 | Imaginative Research Associates, Inc. | Gels et solutions claires et post-moussantes |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1621651A1 (de) * | 1965-10-01 | 1970-07-23 | Carter Wallace | Aerosol zur Behandlung der Oberflaechen,z.B. von OEfen,um sie schmutzabweisend zu machen |
| GB1275740A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1972-05-24 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Oven cleaning composition |
| GB1297782A (fr) * | 1969-03-13 | 1972-11-29 | ||
| DD242421B1 (de) * | 1985-11-11 | 1988-06-29 | Petrolchemisches Kombinat | Reinigungsmittel fuer sanitaerkeramik |
| US5948742A (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1999-09-07 | The Clorox Company | Aerosol hard surface cleaner with enhanced bathroom soil removal |
-
2001
- 2001-05-30 GB GB0113052A patent/GB0113052D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-03-25 WO PCT/GB2002/001436 patent/WO2002097018A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-03-25 GB GB0206911A patent/GB2376023A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1075516A (en) * | 1963-12-04 | 1967-07-12 | Winfield Brooks Company Inc | Oven cleaner and method of using the same |
| FR1495275A (fr) * | 1965-10-01 | 1967-09-15 | Composition d'aérosol pour le traitement de surfaces de cuisinières et de surfacesanalogues et pour leur conférer des propriétés de résistance à l'encrassement | |
| US3779933A (en) * | 1965-12-28 | 1973-12-18 | Glamorene Products Corp | Alkaline oven cleaning composition |
| JPS5356203A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1978-05-22 | Lion Corp | Aerosol type cleaner composition |
| US5356479A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-10-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Method for cleaning bathroom fittings |
| EP0586295A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-03-09 | Nln | Compositions fluides, rapidement moussantes, exemptes de savons, contenant un hydrocarbure inférieur et propulsées en récipient sous pression de gaz comprimé |
| WO1994024259A1 (fr) * | 1993-04-15 | 1994-10-27 | Unilever Plc | Composition de nettoyage hygienique et appareil destine a pulveriser ladite composition |
| WO1997000934A1 (fr) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-01-09 | R & C Products Pty. Limited | Compositions nettoyantes sous forme d'aerosols |
| WO1998001528A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-15 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Agents s'utilisant pour nettoyer des surfaces dures |
| WO1998044080A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | The Clorox Company | Nettoyant aerosol pour surfaces dures assurant une meilleure elimination de la salete |
| EP0990436A2 (fr) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-04-05 | Imaginative Research Associates, Inc. | Gels et solutions claires et post-moussantes |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 197826, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A26, AN 1978-46701A, XP002032193 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114214123A (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-22 | 广东好顺欧迪斯科技股份有限公司 | 马桶遮臭防飞溅气雾剂料液及其制备方法、喷雾剂和应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0113052D0 (en) | 2001-07-18 |
| GB0206911D0 (en) | 2002-05-01 |
| WO2002097018A8 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
| GB2376023A (en) | 2002-12-04 |
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