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WO2002088607A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement/chauffage d'eau de type a absorption d'ammoniac - Google Patents

Dispositif de refroidissement/chauffage d'eau de type a absorption d'ammoniac Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002088607A1
WO2002088607A1 PCT/JP2002/004198 JP0204198W WO02088607A1 WO 2002088607 A1 WO2002088607 A1 WO 2002088607A1 JP 0204198 W JP0204198 W JP 0204198W WO 02088607 A1 WO02088607 A1 WO 02088607A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ammonia
evaporator
solution
absorber
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2002/004198
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hideaki Koike
Kazuhiko Yamaishi
Takashi Hashii
Masahiro Miyauchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MANEUVER TECHNOLOGY Inc
NIPPON KOEI POWER SYSTEMS CO Ltd
Original Assignee
MANEUVER TECHNOLOGY Inc
NIPPON KOEI POWER SYSTEMS CO Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MANEUVER TECHNOLOGY Inc, NIPPON KOEI POWER SYSTEMS CO Ltd filed Critical MANEUVER TECHNOLOGY Inc
Priority to CA002415282A priority Critical patent/CA2415282A1/fr
Priority to JP2002585867A priority patent/JPWO2002088607A1/ja
Publication of WO2002088607A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002088607A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/04—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being ammonia evaporated from aqueous solution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2333/00—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F25B2333/006—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers the generator or boiler having a rectifier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B37/00—Absorbers; Adsorbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the present invention provides various types of exhaust heat such as exhaust heat of a gas turbine, exhaust heat of a reciprocating heat engine, exhaust heat of a fuel cell, exhaust heat of photovoltaic power generation, excess steam of a poiler, geothermal heat, high-temperature rock mass, and the like. It relates to an ammonia absorption type chiller / heater using the above method, etc., and is mainly applied to small-scale units with a refrigerating capacity of several 100 kW or less. Background art
  • the ammonia gas generation and rectification unit in the steam-cooked ammonia absorption type cold / hot water system is configured as shown in FIG.
  • a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution 11 is supplied from a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution supply port 20 at one end into a flooded generator 10 by a pump (not shown).
  • a heat source such as steam and hot water from a heat source supply port 13
  • ammonia gas 21 vaporized from an aqueous ammonia solution 11 is generated.
  • the ammonia gas 21 and a small amount of water vapor generated at the same time rise from the center of the generator 10 to the rectification column 16 provided upward.
  • a plurality of stages with perforated or spiral shelves 17 having holes at the center are provided, so that the ammonia gas 21 and the water that have risen here are separated by gravity and density difference.
  • the separated and rectified ammonia gas 21 is sent to a condenser (not shown) via an ammonia gas outlet 39.
  • the ammonia-diluted solution containing a small amount of ammonia liquefied on the shelf 17 flows down to the sump 18 and is sent from the drain pipe 19 to the ammonia-diluted solution outlet 15 to become the ammonia-diluted solution.
  • Etc The conventional ammonia absorption type cold / hot water system using the above-described ammonia gas generation and rectification device had the following problems.
  • a rectification tower 16 is placed at the outlet of the generator 10, and the gravity and density difference when the ammonia gas 21 rising by heating simply passes through the shelf 17 inside the rectification tower 16. Since the gas-liquid separation was performed using only the gas, the heights of the generator 10 and the rectification tower 16 increased.
  • the liquid-filled generator 10 had a large capacity, so the amount of retained liquid was large, and the response time to start-up time and heat load fluctuation was long.
  • the ammonia dilute solution from the ammonia dilute solution outlet 15 passes through a liquid preheater (not shown), is supplied to the absorber through a pressure reducing valve, and the ammonia liquid entering the condenser is discharged from the evaporator outlet.
  • the absorber was supercooled by the cold heat of ammonia gas, but the absorber had a large heat load and was large.
  • ammonia-dilute solution absorbs ammonia gas on the surface of the droplet while falling in the form of a shower after decompression from the top of the absorber, but because the droplet size is large and the surface area of gas absorption is small, The absorber was large.
  • the first object of the present invention is to reduce the size of the entire apparatus by omitting the rectification tower-connection piping and downsizing the generator and absorber, etc., and to use an ammonia absorption type cooling and heating system capable of responding to various heat sources. It is to provide a water device.
  • a second object of the present invention is to supply a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant (aqueous ammonia solution) to the inner wall surface of the heat transfer tube by the heat transfer tube and vaporize only the low-boiling-point fluid (ammonia) to form a central portion of the heat transfer tube.
  • High-boiling point liquid (water) is centrifugally and surface-tensioned along the inner wall of the tube to cope with various temperature ranges and flow ranges of the heat source fluid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which can respond to a change in cooling load with time.
  • a third object of the present invention is to surely separate the ammonia dilute solution and the ammonia gas, and the ammonia dilute solution after the separation is concentrated ammonia aqueous solution which passes through the inside of the solution pipe when the heat passes through the liquid preheater. It is to provide a device that can effectively exchange heat to the evaporator and send it to the evaporator cooler.
  • a fourth object of the present invention is to reduce the size of the absorber by dropping excess ammonia aqueous solution into the absorber even when the evaporator does not work sufficiently.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of reducing the size of an absorber by heat exchange of a dilute solution.
  • a fifth object of the present invention is to enhance the cooling effect by spraying a diluted ammonia solution heat-exchanged in a heat exchanger of an evaporator onto a cooling pipe of an absorber and exchanging heat with cooling water passing through the cooling pipe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device capable of promoting the absorption of monmonium gas.
  • a sixth object of the present invention is to reduce the particle size as much as possible by spraying a dilute ammonia solution with a sprinkler at a high pressure without depressurization, and to violate the ammonia gas and the ammonia solution. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device capable of mixing and absorbing with stirring and sending the mixed solution to an absorber.
  • a seventh object of the present invention is to circulate without using a device such as a pump by sucking up and spraying an aqueous ammonia solution in an absorber using a negative pressure when spraying a diluted ammonia solution with a sprinkler.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for exercising.
  • An eighth object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of improving the safety against breakage of the solution tube and liquid leakage by passing the highest pressure solution tube for pumping the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution through the center of the main body. It is to provide.
  • the present invention provides a generator 22 for generating a high-pressure ammonia gas 21 from an aqueous ammonia solution 11 by a heat source, a rectifier 28 for gas-liquid separation of the ammonia gas 21 and an ammonia dilute solution 9, Utilizes condenser 23 for condensing high-pressure ammonia gas 21 after separation and cooling effect when decompressing and vaporizing high-pressure ammonia liquid 94 after condensation
  • the evaporator 24 and the evaporator 24 and the absorber 25 for absorbing the vaporized ammonia gas 21 in the ammonia dilute solution 9 are sequentially arranged from the top, and inside these, the absorber 25 and the generator 22
  • This is an ammonia absorption type cold / hot water apparatus characterized by comprising a solution pipe 30 for pumping an aqueous ammonia solution 11 into the water.
  • the present invention provides a generator outer cylinder constituting a generator, a rectifier outer cylinder constituting a rectifier, a condenser outer cylinder constituting a condenser, and an evaporator outer cylinder constituting an evaporator.
  • the cylinder and the outer cylinder for the absorber constituting the absorber are sequentially stacked in a vertically stacked structure and fixedly fixed, and a solution pipe for pressure-feeding the ammonia aqueous solution from the absorber to the generator is arranged at the center of these.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of an ammonia absorption type cold / hot water apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of the generator 22 and the rectifier 28 in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of the rectifier 28 and the condenser 23 in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of the evaporator 24 and the subcooler 95 in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a specific example of the absorber 25 and the liquid reservoir 29 in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the heat transfer tube 27 in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the generator 22 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of the diffusion nozzle 44 in FIG. 7, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • Fig. 9 shows the ammonia gas generation and _
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a rectifier.
  • FIG. 10 is an overall explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the ammonia absorption type cold / hot water apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a specific example of the generator 22 in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the heat transfer tube 27 in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a specific example of the rectifier 28 and the condenser 23 in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a specific example of the cooling pipe 32, the freezing pipe 34, and the cooling pipe 37 in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing another specific example of the generator 22 in FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view of the heat transfer tube 27 in FIG.
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus for circulating the aqueous ammonia solution in the absorber 25 in FIG. 10 by utilizing the negative pressure of the sprinkler 136.
  • generator 22, rectifier 28, condenser 23, evaporator 24, absorber 25, and liquid reservoir 29 all have a cylindrical shape with the same diameter. These are arranged in a vertical stack structure from the top so that 1 functions as an ammonia absorption chiller / heater while falling naturally by gravity.
  • a liquid reservoir 29 provided with a pump 38 is installed at the lowermost end, and a solution pipe 30 for pumping a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 11 connected to the discharge side of the pump 38 is connected to the uppermost floor.
  • a solution pipe 30 for pumping a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 11 connected to the discharge side of the pump 38 is connected to the uppermost floor.
  • the heat source stream 26 and the heat transfer tube 27 are interposed and connected to the rectifier 28, and in the condenser 23, the ammonia dilute solution 9 is guided to the liquid preheater 31,
  • the gas 21 comes into contact with the cooling pipe 32 and becomes a high-concentration ammonia liquid 94.
  • This ammonia liquid 94 is sprayed into the evaporator 24 via the expansion valve 33.
  • the pump 38 is installed inside the sump 29. b or may be installed outside.
  • the dilute solution containing a small amount of ammonia is sent to the sprinkler 36 via the liquid preheater 31 and sprayed at high pressure.
  • the ammonia gas 21 expanded and vaporized by the expansion valve 33 cools the brine inside the refrigeration pipe 34 of the evaporator 24, then rises again to cool the supercooler 95, and cools the condenser.
  • the ammonia liquid 94 of 23 is cooled to a boiling point or lower, and the ammonia gas 21 is mixed and absorbed in the sprayed ammonia dilute solution 9.
  • the solution pipe 30 acts as an absorption heat recovery device 96, and further, touches the cooling pipe 37 to release the absorption heat and is returned to the liquid pool 29 again.
  • An upper lid 41 is placed on the upper end of the cylindrical generator outer cylinder 40 constituting the generator 22, and the generator outer cylinder 40 is fixed to the generator outer cylinder 40 with screws or the like with a flange 48.
  • a condenser outer cylinder 67 of the condenser 23 is fixed to each other with a flange 48 between the partition plate 49 and the bottom plate 51 by screws or the like. .
  • a heat source supply pipe 42 is provided at a central portion of the upper lid 41, and an upper end thereof is a heat source supply port 13.
  • a discharge port 14 is provided on a side of the upper lid 41. ing.
  • a cylindrical inner cylinder 43 is housed with a heat insulating material 72 interposed except for an upper gap, and a large number of tubes are contained in the inner cylinder 43.
  • the heat transfer tubes 27 are supported by the top plate and the bottom plate of the inner cylinder 43 and are provided vertically with a gap therebetween.
  • the inner cylinder 4 3 is divided into several pieces by radially arranged perforated support plates 46, and a small number of thin heat transfer tubes 27 are housed in each section by several hundred pieces, and a total of 100 More than one book is installed.
  • the diameter of the heat transfer tube 27 is made larger than the diameter of the inner cylinder 43 and the number of the tubes is smaller in the drawing.
  • the upper end of the heat transfer tube 27 protrudes from the upper part of the top plate of the inner cylinder 43, and a diffusion nozzle 44 as shown in FIG. 6 is attached to each of the protruding ends.
  • a cover 54 is provided to form the liquid reservoir 55.
  • the lower end of the heat transfer tube 27 is opened on the lower surface of the bottom plate of the inner cylinder 43.
  • the diffusion nozzle 44 is also referred to as a slurryer. By forming a dip or a dulling process on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 27, the diffusion nozzle 44 causes ammonia to flow into the heat transfer tube 27.
  • the aqueous solution 11 is sprayed, and the liquid is stably attached to the wall surface.
  • a heat source is supplied from the lower end of the heat source supply tube 42 into the inner tube 43 containing the heat transfer tube 27, and passes through a gap between the plurality of heat transfer tubes 27 and a number of holes of the perforated support plate 46.
  • the discharge port 14 communicates with the discharge port 14 through a gap between the upper discharge port 47 of the inner cylinder 43 and the outer cylinder 40 for the generator.
  • An ejection portion 56 is formed at the center of the partition plate 49, and a solution tube 30 from below is fixedly connected to the ejection portion 56.
  • the ejection portion 56 is connected to the heat source supply tube 42 from the communication hole 57. It is communicated with the liquid reservoir 55 through a plurality of liquid delivery pipes 53 provided therearound.
  • a plurality of diffusion nozzles 52 are provided along the periphery of the partition plate 49, and a rectifier formed by the partition plate 49, the bottom plate 51, and the outer cylindrical portion of the bottom plate 51.
  • a swirling flow is generated on 28.
  • a plurality of gas passage cylinders 50 are provided upright in the bottom plate 51 of the rectifier 28 so as to penetrate vertically, and the bottom plate 51 is provided with a liquid drop port around the outer periphery of the solution pipe 30. It communicates with 5-8.
  • the outer cylinder 67 for the condenser of the condenser 23 has the outer cylinder portion for the generator 40 and the outer cylinder portion of the rectifier 28 fixed at the upper end by the flange 48, and the evaporator at the lower end.
  • the partitioning plate 61 of the evaporator outer cylinder 70 and the supercooler 95 of 24 is fixed by a flange 48 while sandwiching the outer cylinder of the partition plate 61.
  • the solution pipe 30 is provided vertically, and a number of fins 59 are radially provided on the outer circumference and the inner circumference of the solution pipe 30 in the vertical direction.
  • a liquid preheater 31 is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the fin 59, and a heat insulating material is formed on the inner wall of the liquid preheater 31 so that a slight gap is formed between the fin 59 and the fin 59. 60 are provided.
  • a plurality of expansion valves 33 are attached to the partition plate 61 at the lower end of the outer cylinder 67 for the condenser toward the evaporator 24 along the outer periphery.
  • a number of subcoolers 95 are provided through the partition plate 61 so as to protrude from both the lower part of the condenser 23 and the upper part of the evaporator 24.
  • the pressure above the condenser 23 is high (for example, 15 to 16 atmospheres) and the pressure below the evaporator 24 is low (for example, 3 to 16). (5 atm), so it can be mounted with a high-pressure sealing material 62 interposed.
  • the outer cylinder 70 for the evaporator of the evaporator 24 is fixed to the outer cylinder 67 for the condenser and the flange 48 at the upper end, and the outer cylinder 76 for the absorber of the absorber 25 at the lower end.
  • the partition plate 71 is fixed by a flange 48 while sandwiching it.
  • a partition tube 97 is integrally raised with a sufficient gap between the heat exchanger 35 and the heat exchanger 35.
  • a sprinkler 36 is provided at the lower end of the heat exchanger 35 in the evaporator.
  • the sprinkler 36 injects the ammonia dilute solution 9 stored in the heat exchanger 35 at high pressure downward. It is arranged so that.
  • a nozzle valve adjusting rod 69 for adjusting the injection amount of the sprinkler 36 projects outside the outer cylinder 70 for the evaporator.
  • an electric liquid level gauge 68 for detecting the liquid level of the ammonia dilute solution 9 collected between the heat exchanger 35 and the solution pipe 30 is provided. The liquid level is displayed on the outside.
  • connection pipe 64 on the inlet side is connected to return the brine heated by the load.
  • the ammonia liquid 94 Since the ammonia liquid 94 accumulates on the partition plate 71, the ammonia liquid 94 is discharged to the vicinity of the sprinkler 36 through the discharge hole 109. g .
  • the absorber outer cylinder 76 of the absorber 25 is fixed at the upper end by the evaporator outer cylinder 70 and the flange 48, and at the lower end thereof, the liquid pool outer cylinder 8 2 of the liquid reservoir 29. And flange 48.
  • the solution tube 30 is provided vertically continuously from the evaporator 24, and a vertical fin is radially provided on the outer periphery of the solution tube 30.
  • An attached heat recovery unit 96 is provided.
  • a plurality of spirally-turned cooling tubes 37 are arranged with a gap therebetween by a cooling-tube support frame 66, and both ends of the cooling tubes 37 are cooled.
  • the outlet side is connected to the cooling pipe 32 of the condenser 23, and the inlet side is connected to the cooling water inlet 75.
  • a liquid reservoir outer cylinder 82 is fixed to an absorber outer cylinder 76 of the absorber 25 with a flange 48, and a pump 3 8
  • the solution tube 30 is connected to the pump 38 with the filter 78.
  • a drain pipe 81 is connected to the outside via a valve (not shown) at the bottom 83.
  • the pump 38 is connected to a motor 80 mounted on an external mounting base 93 via a shaft 79.
  • a liquid level gauge 74 is vertically provided outside from the evaporator 24 to the liquid pool 29, and the liquid level gauge 74 is provided inside the outer cylinder 8 2 for the liquid pool by communicating holes 7 3 at both upper and lower ends thereof. Is in communication with
  • a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 11 of about 25 to 50% is supplied into an outer cylinder 82 of the liquid pool 29 of the liquid pool 29.
  • the supplied aqueous ammonia solution 11 is sucked by a pump 38 and pumped to a solution pipe 30. At this time, dust and the like are removed through the filter 78.
  • the pumped ammonia aqueous solution 11 is sent at the upper end of the solution pipe 30 to the ejection section 56 of the generator 22, and further through the communication hole 57 to the liquid delivery pipe 53.
  • the heat source supplied from the heat source supply port 13 obtains the heat source supply pipe 42 and is supplied to the inner cylinder 43 having the heat transfer pipe 27, where heat is exchanged and the discharge port is provided. Emitted from 14
  • the aqueous ammonia solution 11 sent from the liquid storage chamber 55 to the heat transfer tube 27 through the diffusion nozzle 44 is atomized by the diffusion nozzle 44, and the droplets are centrifugally moved to the heat transfer tube 27. It hits the inner wall, is caught by the wick on the inner wall surface with surface tension, and falls from the lower end as liquid.
  • the high-concentration ammonia gas 21 that does not adhere to the inner wall surface is sent out as it is from the lower end as an annular spray flow 45.
  • a non-azeotropic mixed coolant (aqueous ammonia solution) is supplied to the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 27 through the diffusion nozzle 44 and the heat transfer tube 27 that generates swirling flow, and only the low boiling point fluid (ammonia) is supplied. It is vaporized and advected in the center of the heat transfer tube 27, and the high boiling liquid (water) is advected along the inner wall of the tube by centrifugal force and surface tension.
  • the ammonia-diluted solution 9 flows through the bottom plate 51 and drops to the liquid drop port 58, only the high-pressure ammonia gas 21 is separated, and the gas passing tube is generated while generating a swirling flow by the centrifugal force of the diffusion nozzle 52. Passed through 50 to condenser 23.
  • the ammonia dilute solution 9 that has fallen into the liquid drop port 58 passes through the liquid preheater 31 when its heat passes through the solution pipe 30 into the aqueous ammonia solution 11 9 In the evaporator 24, the heat is transferred to the heat exchanger 35.
  • the high-pressure ammonia gas 21 that has passed through the gas passage cylinder 50 exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the cooling pipe 32 when passing through the cooling pipe 32 of the condenser 23, and is condensed to form a concentrated ammonia liquid. It becomes 9 4 and is sent to the expansion valve 33.
  • the ammonia gas 21 in which the concentrated ammonia liquid 94 is expanded and vaporized by the expansion valve 33 cools the refrigerating pipe 34 of the evaporator 24 when it is vaporized.
  • the supercooler 95 is cooled to cool the concentrated ammonia liquid 94 of the condenser 23 below the boiling point, and then descends along the heat exchanger 35. At this time, the brine in the refrigeration tube 34 is cooled, and cold heat is sent to the load.
  • the ammonia dilute solution 9 sent from the liquid preheater 31 is stored in the heat exchanger 35, where the heat is exchanged by the ammonia gas 21 descending along the heat exchanger 35. .
  • the ammonia diluted solution 9 is sprayed at a high pressure from the sprinkler 36 and mixes and absorbs the descending ammonia gas 21 and the ammonia solution 94 discharged from the discharge port 109 while vigorously stirring. Sent to absorber 25.
  • the ammonia-diluted solution 9 that has been heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 35 of the evaporator 24 in the preceding stage is sent to the cooling pipe 37 of the absorber 25.
  • the absorption heat recovery 9 6 exchanges heat with the aqueous ammonia solution 11 in the solution pipe 30, and further exchanges heat with the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 37 to enhance the cooling effect to form a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 1 1, and the liquid pool 2 Drop and store in the outer cylinder 82 of the liquid reservoir of No.9. Then, it is pumped again by the pump 38.
  • the exhaust heat supplied from the heat source supply port 13 is used.
  • a combustion burner 84 for reheating may be provided to face the heat transfer tube 27 in the generator 22 to heat the exhaust heat from the heat source supply port 13.
  • the combustion burner 84 may be used as a heat source.
  • a diffusion nozzle 44 As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), a swirl flow is given by the guide blades 91, and gas and liquid are supplied. They are separated.
  • 85 is a partition plate, 86 is a bottom portion, and 87 is an exhaust fan.
  • a hot water supply heat exchanger 88 may be provided so as to face the heat source supply port 13, and the water from the water supply pipe 90 may be heated by the hot water supply heat exchanger 88 and taken out from the hot water outlet 89.
  • the generator 22, the rectifier 28, the condenser 23, the evaporator 24, the absorber 25, and the liquid reservoir 29 all have a cylindrical shape with the same diameter, and an aqueous ammonia solution.
  • This is substantially the same as the first embodiment in that they are sequentially arranged in a vertical stack structure from the top so that 11 functions as an ammonia-absorbing cold / hot water device while falling naturally by gravity.
  • a spiral corrugated tube having a spiral groove on the inner wall surface is used for the vertical heat transfer tube 27 and the central solution tube 30 of the generator 22.
  • the heat source supply port 13 and the discharge port 14 of the generator 22 are provided at the lower and upper sides of the generator outer cylinder 40.
  • the rectifier 28 is composed of a cylindrical perforated plate 100 vertically penetrating the center and a wire mesh 101 spirally arranged around the perforated plate 100.
  • the condenser 23, the evaporator 24, and the absorber 25 differ from the first embodiment in the piping configuration as described later. Further, the cooling water ports 63 are configured in a horizontal shape and arranged so as to be laminated between the respective parts.
  • the supercooler 95 has a helical tube structure different from that of the first embodiment, and is arranged so that the cooling water port 63 is horizontal and stacked between upper and lower pipes.
  • a switching valve 104 is installed at the cooling water outlet 65 of the cooling water port 63 of the subcooler 95, and the cooling water outlet temperature (A) of the absorber 25 is changed to the cooling water of the supercooler 95.
  • the cooling water outlet temperature (A) of the absorber 25 is the cooling water outlet temperature of the subcooler 95 ( B)
  • switch to connect to the cooling water outlet 65 side of the condenser 23 In the following cases, switch to connect to the cooling water outlet 65 side of the condenser 23.
  • the temperature of the cooling water supplied from the cooling tower 103 fluctuates greatly, it is possible to respond quickly to fluctuations without lowering the refrigeration capacity, such as seasonal fluctuations and weather changes. This can reduce the performance degradation.
  • the absorption heat recovery unit 96 of the absorber 25 and the heat exchanger 35 of the evaporator 24 in the first embodiment are deleted.
  • a more specific configuration of the generator 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • a solution tube 30 at the center of a generator outer cylinder 40 is covered with a protection tube 98.
  • a branch 99 is connected to the upper end of 8
  • the upper end of the solution tube 30 is opened inside the protective tube 98
  • a plurality of liquid delivery tubes 53 are radially connected to the branch 99.
  • the liquid delivery pipes 53 face the liquid storage chambers 55, respectively.
  • a plurality of vertical heat transfer tubes 27 are connected to the liquid storage chamber 55. As shown in FIG.
  • the heat transfer tube 27 is composed of a spiral corrugated tube having a spiral groove formed on an inner wall surface and a diffusion nozzle 44 at an upper end.
  • the solution tube 30 is also a spiral corrugated tube having a spiral groove formed on the inner wall surface.
  • the heat source supply port 13 is connected to the lower part of the side wall of the generator outer cylinder 40, and the discharge port 14 is connected to the upper part.
  • the rectifier 28 has a cylindrical body formed by an inner cylinder made of a perforated plate 100, an outer cylinder of a solid board, a top plate, and a bottom plate.
  • a gas netting cylinder 50 is formed by arranging a spirally wound wire mesh 101 to separate water vapor from ammonia gas 21 in the center of a perforated plate 100.
  • the upper and lower opening portions of the liquid drop openings 58 serve as gas passages 102 from the small holes of the liquid drop openings 58 to the sides through the inside of the gas passage cylinder 50, and the gas passages 102 condense. It is connected to the container 23.
  • the condenser 23 has a liquid preheater 31 disposed in the center of a condenser outer cylinder 67, and a liquid solution comprising the spiral corrugated pipe inside the liquid preheater 31.
  • the tube 30 is further spirally housed.
  • a cooling pipe 32 is accommodated between the condenser outer cylinder 67 and the liquid preheater 31, and a cooling water port 63 is provided above the cooling pipe 32.
  • supercoolers 95 are arranged vertically above and below the cooling water port 63 serving also as the partition plate 61.
  • the outer cylinder 40 for the generator Since the upper generator 22, rectifier 28, and condenser 23 on the boundary of the cooling water port 63 are on the high pressure side, the outer cylinder 40 for the generator, the outer cylinder 67 for the condenser, etc. Stainless steel that can withstand pressure is used, and synthetic resin is used for the evaporator outer cylinder 70 and absorber outer cylinder 76 on the low-pressure side.
  • a high-pressure seal member 62 is provided at a connection portion between the partition plate 61 and the liquid preheater 31.
  • the structure of the cooling pipe 32 and the cooling water port 63 will be described with reference to FIG. ⁇ .
  • the cooling water port 63 has a supply chamber 105 communicating with the cooling water inlet 75 and a discharge chamber 106 communicating with the cooling water outlet 65.
  • the cooling pipe 32 is formed by winding a spiral corrugated pipe similar to the solution pipe 30 in a spiral shape having a different diameter around the liquid preheater 31 and arranging it in a plurality of layers with a predetermined gap. More specifically, a spiral cooling pipe 32 a having the smallest diameter is arranged on the outer periphery of the liquid preheater 31, and a cooling pipe 32 b having a second diameter is arranged on the outer periphery thereof, Similarly, the cooling pipes 32 n having the largest diameter are sequentially arranged on the outermost side.
  • the lower ends of these cooling pipes 32a, 32b, '... 32 ⁇ are connected to the supply chamber 1 via vertical pipes 107a, 107b, -107n, respectively.
  • the upper ends of the cooling pipes 32 a, 32 b,... 32 n are respectively vertical pipes 108 a, 108 b,... 108 n
  • the discharge chamber 106 is exposed to the discharge chamber 106 through the air.
  • the diameter of the cooling pipes 32 is increased and the number of cooling pipes is described as small as possible.
  • the supercooler 95 is provided with spiral corrugated tubes spirally wound on both upper and lower sides with the cooling water port 63 interposed therebetween, and supplies cooling water to the lower supercooler 95 and the upper subcooler. It is discharged through the filter 95.
  • An expansion valve 33 is provided vertically penetrating from the condenser 23 to the evaporator 24.
  • the piping structure of the refrigeration pipe 34 of the evaporator 24 and the cooling pipe 37 of the absorber 25 is the same as the cooling pipe 32 of the condenser 23 described in FIG. It is wound in different spirals and arranged in a plurality of layers with a predetermined gap.
  • Bra-Import 7 7 is arranged below the freezing tube 34, it is connected to the lower end of the freezing tube 34 by the vertical tube 108, and the vertical tube 10 is connected from the upper end of the freezing tube 34.
  • cooling water port 63 is shut down.
  • the cooling pipe 37 is connected to the lower end of the cooling pipe 37 by the vertical pipe 108 to cool the cooling pipe 37. From the upper end of the pipe 37, the vertical pipe 107 falls to the cooling water port 63.
  • the sprinkler 36 provided at the lower end of the liquid preheater 31 and above the absorber 25 can be adjusted in opening by an external adjustment mechanism (not shown) as in the first embodiment. It has become.
  • the lower end opening of the suction pipe 110 is inserted into the liquid reservoir 29 and provided.
  • the sprinkler 36 uses the negative pressure when the ammonia dilute solution 9 is sprayed at a high pressure to suck up the aqueous ammonia solution 11 in the liquid reservoir 29 and sprays it into the absorber 25, thereby forming a pump. It is circulated without using other equipment.
  • the pump 38 provided near the liquid reservoir 29 may be inside the liquid reservoir 29 or may be external.
  • 103 is a cooling tower for circulating cooling water.
  • a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 11 of about 25 to 50% in a liquid pool 29 is pumped through a solution pipe 30 by a pump 38 to a generator 22 at the upper end, and this generator In 22, the liquid is sent to the liquid storage chamber 55 through the branch part 99 and the liquid delivery pipe 53, and is supplied to the heat transfer pipe 27 through the diffusion nozzle 44.
  • the heat source is supplied to the inner cylinder 43 of the generator 22 from the heat source supply port 13, where the heat is exchanged with the heat transfer tube 27 and discharged from the discharge port 14.
  • the fed aqueous ammonia solution 11 supplies the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant (aqueous ammonia solution) to the inner wall of the spiral groove of the heat transfer tube 27 through the diffusion nozzle 44 and the heat transfer tube 27 that generates swirling flow.
  • the low-boiling fluid (ammonia) is vaporized and advected in the center of the heat transfer tube 27, and the high-boiling liquid (water) is advected along the inner wall of the tube by centrifugal force and surface tension.
  • high-concentration high-pressure ammonia gas 21 and ammonia-diluted solution 9 discharged from generator 22 are sent to rectifier 28.
  • the ammonia dilute solution 9 flows on the top plate of the gas passage cylinder 50 and falls to the liquid drop port 58, where high-pressure ammonia gas 21 and water vapor pass through the perforated plate 100 through the metal mesh of the gas passage cylinder 50.
  • the water vapor comes into contact with the wire mesh 101 as water drops and falls to the liquid drop port 58, and only the high-pressure ammonia gas 21 passes through the gas passage 102 and the condenser 23 Sent to
  • the ammonia dilute solution 9 that has dropped into the liquid drop port 58 passes through the liquid preheater 31 and exchanges heat with the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution 11 passing through the inside of the solution pipe 30. It is sent to the sprinkler 36 in the evaporator 24.
  • -lb Ammonia gas 21 supplied to the condenser 23 passes through the cooling pipe 32 of the condenser 23 and exchanges heat with the cooling water flowing through the cooling pipe 32 to be condensed.
  • a concentrated ammonia liquid 94 of about 8% is collected at the bottom of the condenser 23 and further cooled to a boiling point or lower by a supercooler 95.
  • the ammonia liquid 94 is expanded and vaporized by the expansion valve 33 between the condenser 23 and the evaporator 24, and becomes low-pressure ammonia gas 21 to cool the refrigerating pipe 34 of the evaporator 24 and rise again. Then, the supercooler 95 is cooled to the boiling point or lower and sent to the absorber 25 through the partition tube 97. At this time, the brine in the refrigerating tube 34 is cooled, and cold heat is sent to the load. The ammonia liquid 94 collected at the bottom of the evaporator 24 is discharged to the vicinity of the sprinkler 36 from the discharge hole 109 of the partition tube 97.
  • the ammonia dilute solution 9 sent from the liquid preheater 31 is sprayed at a high pressure from the sprinkler 36 and the ammonia gas 21 descending along the partition tube 97 in the evaporator 24 and the discharge port 1
  • the ammonia solution 94 from 09 is mixed and absorbed with vigorous stirring and sent to the absorber 25.
  • the cooling pipe 37 of the absorber 25 exchanges heat with the cooling water passing through the cooling pipe 37 to enhance the cooling effect to form a concentrated aqueous ammonia solution 11, which is dropped and stored in the liquid pool 29.
  • the stored aqueous ammonia solution 11 is circulated by sucking it up through the suction pipe 110 and spraying it into the absorber 25 by the negative pressure when the ammonia dilute solution 9 is sprayed at a high pressure by the sprinkler 136. I have.
  • the heat transfer tube 27 is a vertical tube. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, 100 or more heat transfer tubes 27 are used, and also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, 200 or more heat transfer tubes 27 are used. Can be
  • the heat transfer tube 27 in a spiral shape as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, it is possible to reduce the number to several 10 tubes. More specifically, a solution tube 30 is provided at the center of the protective tube 98, and the upper end of the solution tube 30 is connected to the branch portion 99, and the liquid is delivered from the branch portion 99 in a horizontal radial direction.
  • the pipe 53 is connected, and the liquid delivery pipe 53 is vertically lowered along the inside of the generator outer cylinder 40. And of the mosquito coil What?
  • the outer end of the heat transfer tube 27 thus formed into a spiral is connected to the vertical portion of the liquid delivery tube 53 via the diffusion nozzle 44, and the inner end is connected to the protective tube 98.
  • the spiral heat transfer tube 27 is arranged at an interval of 180 degrees like 27a and 27b.
  • the connecting portion between the inner end of the heat transfer tube 27 and the protection tube 98 is directed from the heat transfer tube 27 to the tangential direction of the inner wall of the protection tube 98 so that the ammonia solution 11 to be sprayed is protected by the protection tube 9.
  • the swirling flow is generated more effectively within the 8.
  • the pressure vessels of the generator 22, the rectifier 28, the condenser 23, the evaporator 24, and the absorber 25 constituting each step of the absorption refrigeration cycle are vertically stacked.
  • the connection piping connecting these five processes is omitted, and the entire device is downsized.
  • each stage can be configured with common components, the number of types of components can be reduced, and mass production can be provided at low cost.
  • the ammonia absorption type cold / hot water device can be used for exhaust heat of gas turbines, exhaust heat of reciprocating heat engines, battery exhaust heat of fuel cells, exhaust heat of photovoltaic power generation, surplus steam of poilers, etc.
  • various heat sources such as when effectively using various waste heat that has been discarded until now, or when it has been difficult to use geothermal heat, hot rock, etc. It is suitable.
  • Mainly facilities with relatively high cooling demand such as those for multiple dwelling units, hospitals, factories, buildings, restaurants, offices, stores, and sports gyms with refrigeration capacity of less than 100 kW It is suitable as a hot / cold water device in If the refrigeration load is larger than the capacity of a single unit, multiple units can be operated in parallel to meet the demand for cooling and heating several times the capacity of the single unit. In addition, the total weight can be reduced to about 1 ton and it can be transported, making it suitable for mounting on ships and vehicles equipped with refrigeration equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de refroidissement/chauffage d'eau de type à absorption d'ammoniac. Ce dispositif comprend un générateur (22) qui génère de l'ammoniac à haute pression (21) à partir d'une solution d'ammoniac aqueuse (11) au moyen d'une source de chaleur, un redresseur (28) qui sépare le gaz du liquide pour obtenir l'ammoniac (21) et une solution d'ammoniac diluée (9), un condensateur (23) qui condense l'ammoniac (21) après ladite séparation, un évaporateur (24) qui utilise l'action de refroidissement produite lorsque la solution d'ammoniac (94) est vaporisée après condensation, et un absorbeur (25) qui amène la solution d'ammoniac aqueuse à absorber l'ammoniac (21) après vaporisation, ces parties étant successivement disposées en partant du haut de sorte que la solution d'ammoniac diluée (9) se déplace sous l'effet de la gravité. Cette disposition permet de s'affranchir de la présence d'une colonne de rectification et d'un tuyau de raccord, et de réduire ainsi la taille de l'ensemble du dispositif et de l'adapter à diverses sources de chaleur.
PCT/JP2002/004198 2001-04-27 2002-04-26 Dispositif de refroidissement/chauffage d'eau de type a absorption d'ammoniac Ceased WO2002088607A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002415282A CA2415282A1 (fr) 2001-04-27 2002-04-26 Dispositif de refroidissement/chauffage d'eau de type a absorption d'ammoniac
JP2002585867A JPWO2002088607A1 (ja) 2001-04-27 2002-04-26 アンモニア吸収式冷温水装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2001132195 2001-04-27
JP2001-132195 2001-04-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002088607A1 true WO2002088607A1 (fr) 2002-11-07

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US (1) US20030167790A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPWO2002088607A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040002397A (fr)
CA (1) CA2415282A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002088607A1 (fr)

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KR101008450B1 (ko) * 2010-04-07 2011-01-14 오창근 태양열 시스템에서 사용 가능한 태양열 온수 흡수식 냉방장치
KR101095601B1 (ko) * 2011-08-10 2011-12-19 써멀프로스트 인터내셔날 인크. 선박 엔진의 폐열을 이용하는 흡수식 냉동시스템
KR101176778B1 (ko) 2010-08-20 2012-08-24 오창근 태양열 시스템에서 사용 가능한 저온수 흡수식 냉방장치

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ATA5222004A (de) * 2004-03-25 2005-09-15 Martin Dipl Ing Hadlauer Kompressions/absorptions-anlage
CN100460782C (zh) * 2007-09-21 2009-02-11 东南大学 带溶液冷却吸收段和丝网波纹填料层的氨吸收器
EP2133636B1 (fr) * 2008-06-09 2012-01-25 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas Absorbeur et ensemble absorbeur-évaporateur pour machines d'absorption et machines d'absorption d'eau bromure de lithium intégrant lesdits absorbeur et ensemble absorbeur-évaporateur
DE102011118873A1 (de) * 2011-11-18 2013-05-23 Airbus Operations Gmbh Fahrzeug mit einem Kühlsystem zum Kühlen und Verfahren zum Kühlen in einem Fahrzeug
ES2540123B1 (es) * 2013-06-14 2016-04-29 Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya Máquina de absorción refrigerada por aire
CN107218762A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-29 浙江腾云制冷科技有限公司 冷藏箱的水循环机构
CN110307674B (zh) * 2019-08-02 2024-07-09 格兰立方能源科技(江苏)有限公司 一种集成式干热岩热回收离心热泵装置
CN110498030B (zh) * 2019-09-21 2024-06-28 海南泰立来科技有限公司 船舶尾气制冰、空调、海水淡化一体机组
CN218901320U (zh) * 2021-09-14 2023-04-25 天津朝阳环保科技集团有限公司 自持式一步法净化设备的箱体结构
JP2023136130A (ja) * 2022-03-16 2023-09-29 株式会社アドバンテスト 温度調整装置、電子部品ハンドリング装置、及び、電子部品試験装置
CN114688756B (zh) * 2022-03-31 2023-01-06 华南理工大学 一种煤制天然气低温余热高效制冷装置及工艺
CN114878778B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2024-01-09 鞍钢股份有限公司 一种煤气中痕量氨气检测方法
US12092376B2 (en) 2022-07-19 2024-09-17 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Absorption chiller refrigerator system
CN116961570A (zh) * 2023-07-21 2023-10-27 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 一种利用液氨蒸发余冷的光伏提效系统
US12331966B1 (en) * 2024-01-26 2025-06-17 Miaohong WANG Electric lithium bromide absorption air conditioning unit and energy storage refrigeration and heating system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101008450B1 (ko) * 2010-04-07 2011-01-14 오창근 태양열 시스템에서 사용 가능한 태양열 온수 흡수식 냉방장치
KR101176778B1 (ko) 2010-08-20 2012-08-24 오창근 태양열 시스템에서 사용 가능한 저온수 흡수식 냉방장치
KR101095601B1 (ko) * 2011-08-10 2011-12-19 써멀프로스트 인터내셔날 인크. 선박 엔진의 폐열을 이용하는 흡수식 냉동시스템

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US20030167790A1 (en) 2003-09-11
CA2415282A1 (fr) 2002-12-19
KR20040002397A (ko) 2004-01-07

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