WO2002085080A1 - Procede et dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet notamment pour la lithographie - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet notamment pour la lithographie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002085080A1 WO2002085080A1 PCT/FR2002/001306 FR0201306W WO02085080A1 WO 2002085080 A1 WO2002085080 A1 WO 2002085080A1 FR 0201306 W FR0201306 W FR 0201306W WO 02085080 A1 WO02085080 A1 WO 02085080A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- xenon
- liquid
- nozzle
- rare gas
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G2/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays, not involving X-ray tubes, e.g. involving generation of a plasma
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70008—Production of exposure light, i.e. light sources
- G03F7/70033—Production of exposure light, i.e. light sources by plasma extreme ultraviolet [EUV] sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G2/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays, not involving X-ray tubes, e.g. involving generation of a plasma
- H05G2/001—Production of X-ray radiation generated from plasma
- H05G2/002—Supply of the plasma generating material
- H05G2/0023—Constructional details of the ejection system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G2/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays, not involving X-ray tubes, e.g. involving generation of a plasma
- H05G2/001—Production of X-ray radiation generated from plasma
- H05G2/003—Production of X-ray radiation generated from plasma the plasma being generated from a material in a liquid or gas state
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G2/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays, not involving X-ray tubes, e.g. involving generation of a plasma
- H05G2/001—Production of X-ray radiation generated from plasma
- H05G2/009—Auxiliary arrangements not involved in the plasma generation
- H05G2/0094—Reduction, prevention or protection from contamination; Cleaning
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for generating light in the extreme ultraviolet range, in particular intended for lithography by means of such light.
- the increase in the power of integrated circuits and the integration of more and more functions in a small space require a significant technological leap in the lithography technique, traditionally used for the manufacture of these integrated circuits.
- EUV extreme ultraviolet
- this radiation whose wavelength is between 10 nm and 15 n, many techniques have already been proposed.
- irradiating a target with focused laser radiation seems to be the most promising technique for obtaining good performance in the medium term both in terms of average power, spatial and temporal stability, and reliability. Optimization of these performances is obtained by using a fog jet as target. dense and directional of micrometric droplets.
- the use of this target produces very little debris, and the directivity of the jet makes it possible to considerably reduce the amount of debris produced indirectly by erosion of the nozzle emitting the jet, erosion which is caused by the plasma formed by the impact of laser radiation on the target.
- a significant part of the laser light is thus absorbed, which promotes the creation of a plasma by heating of the aggregates.
- the local density of atoms in each aggregate is relatively high, which therefore involves a large number of atoms.
- the large number of aggregates having a sufficiently high average number of atoms, and being in the focusing zone of the laser beam makes the emission in the extreme ultraviolet relatively intense.
- significant material debris can result from erosion of the nozzle when it is placed too close to the area illuminated by the laser.
- the proximity of the illuminated area and the nozzle can cause the nozzle to heat up, deteriorating the characteristics of the jet.
- the average size of the aggregates thus formed by condensation from gaseous xenon can not be more than 1 order of a few hundred nanometers and in all cases remains well below 1 ⁇ m due to the training method used.
- the interaction with a YAG type pulse laser, which is typically used for this application and whose pulse duration is between 3 ns and 80 ns, is optimal, in terms of intensity of the EUV radiation produced, with grains of material having an average size greater than 1 ⁇ m, and typically lying in the range from 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the jet of dense xenon fog propagates in a vacuum at a speed of the order of several tens of m / s.
- the target is therefore renewed quickly enough to allow irradiation of this target by a pulse laser with a high repetition rate (greater than or equal to 10 kHz).
- a laser of this type is required to obtain the average power necessary for the industrial production of integrated circuits using an industrial photo-repeater.
- the xenon is transported in gaseous form to a reservoir adjoining an outlet nozzle.
- the gaseous xenon injected into the tank is locally liquefied by cryogenic means. Spraying the liquid xenon at the outlet of the nozzle gives rise to the formation of a dense and directive jet of xenon droplets.
- the jet can be continuous or pulsed by electromechanical or piezoelectric means.
- the pressure of the injected gas and the temperature of the liquid contained in the tank can be regulated.
- the irradiation of the jet thus formed - by a focused laser generates the creation of a plasma capable of exhibiting an EUV radiation emission peak between 13 and 14 nm, this radiation being usable as a light source for lithography.
- the device which is the subject of the invention may further comprise: a wall which delimits a secondary zone and which is provided with a hole facing the nozzle, this hole being located on the axis of this nozzle, and
- the wall comprises a knife (English "ski sea”) whose axis coincides with the axis of the nozzle and the orifice of which v is the drilling of the wall.
- the device which is the subject of the invention may further comprise a heat shield which is pierced opposite the nozzle to allow the jet formed by the dense mist to pass.
- the device which is the subject of the invention may further comprise a collector capable of directing or focusing the light generated, towards means of using this light.
- a mask comprising the pattern determined in an enlarged form, a device for generating light in the extreme ultraviolet range according to the invention
- This tank 2 is intended to contain liquid xenon 6.
- Cryogenic means 8 are provided to produce this liquid xenon 6 from gaseous xenon 10.
- the liquid xenon 6 is pressurized by this gaseous xenon 10.
- the latter is injected in the tank 2 via a line 12 and liquefied by the cryogenic means 8 to form the liquid xenon 6.
- these cryogenic means comprise a pipe 8a which encloses the tank and the nozzle, only portions of this pipe being shown in phantom in Figure 1, and this pipe is traversed by a cryogenic fluid, for example nitrogen.
- the dense mist 20 forms a jet which is strongly confined on the axis X of the nozzle which is also the axis of the hole 18 of this nozzle.
- the EUV radiation emitted by the droplets of liquid xenon is symbolized by the arrows 30 oriented in all directions.
- the greatest amount of EUV light is produced by the plasma hemisphere facing the laser beam, this plasma resulting from the interaction between the dense fog and the laser beam.
- This material must be electrically insulating, to avoid possible phenomena of electric discharge between the nozzle 4 and the plasma, formed by interaction. between the laser beam and the target
- the electrical resistivity of this material must be greater than 10 8 ⁇ .cm and may preferably be of the order of 10 14 ⁇ .cm.
- the material preferably used for the nozzle is a ceramic, preferably aluminum nitride (AlN).
- AlN aluminum nitride
- other ceramics can be used, for example alumina or silicon nitride.
- the part of the fog which has not undergone the interaction with the laser beam passes through the debarker 32 to be pumped ⁇ into the part * 36, or lower part, of the vacuum chamber 14.
- the pressure can reach approximately 10 Pa without the operation of the EUV radiation source being deteriorated.
- the means 16 for pumping the upper part 34 of the vacuum chamber 14 may consist, for example, of one or more pumps of the turbomolecular type with magnetic bearings, associated with dry primary pumps.
- the means 16a for pumping the lower part 36 of the vacuum chamber 14 may consist of one or more dry primary pumps.
- a heat shield 39 may be provided between the nozzle 4 and the point 0 of interaction of the beam 24 with the target 20, so as to reduce the heating of the nozzle which could be induced by the plasma resulting from this interaction.
- this heat shield 39 is formed from a material having the same physical characteristics as the material of the nozzle. (for example AIN), and fixed on a part 4a of the means for generating the mist, this part being cooled by the cryogenic means 8. This part surrounds the nozzle 4 in the example shown.
- the thermal screen is cooled by the cryogenic means 8. More generally, this thermal screen is preferably provided with cooling means which can be the means used to liquefy the xenon gas but which can also be distinct from the latter.
- the geometry of the nozzle 4 is one of the parameters influencing the directivity of the jet 20.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively represent two examples of this geometry of the nozzle. Under the pressure conditions of the injected xenon gas 10 (between 5 ⁇ 10 5 Pa and 50 ⁇ 10 5 Pa) and the temperature conditions of the nozzle and of the reservoir
- the minimum diameter d of the nozzle or more precisely the minimum diameter of the hole 18 thereof is between 60 ⁇ m and 600 ⁇ m.
- the hole 18 of the nozzle 4 may generally have the shape of a cone over the entire length of the nozzle, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the diameter of this cone increases in the direction of propagation of the jet 20
- the half-angle at the top ⁇ of this cone can be between 1 degree and 10 degrees.
- the invention also preferably includes means intended to protect the optics of the device (for example portholes, focusing devices) from any debris from the source, even if the source according to the invention generates very little.
- These means may be means for causing a slight blowing, in front of the surface exposed to EUV radiation, of the ambient gas of the enclosure, even if it is under very low pressure. They can also consist of means capable of generating a slight heating of these optics.
- they can also be made up of means capable of generating a positive polarization of the metal layer that these optics generally comprise, at a voltage sufficient to remove ionic debris, for example a few hundred volts or more.
- the part of the diagram, located at the top left of this curve corresponds to liquid xenon (L) while the part located at the bottom and right corresponds to gaseous xenon.
- This FIG. 5 makes it possible to highlight the difference in intensity of the EUV radiation produced with a jet of conventional xenon aggregates and a dense mist of liquid xenon droplets.
- Part I The measured temperature of tank 2 and nozzle 4 is less than -25 ° C.
- the phase diagram of the xenon clearly shows that the xenon is liquid under these conditions of temperature and pressure.
- Tank 2 contains only liquid xenon. We are therefore in the presence of a jet of dense mist of xenon droplets, formed by the spraying of the liquid xenon present upstream of the nozzle 4. The flow of EUV radiation produced is high.
- Part II The measured temperature of the tank and the nozzle is between -25 ° C and about -21.3 ° C.
- the phase diagram of the xenon shows that the xenon goes from the liquid state to the gaseous state.
- the reservoir 2 contains both liquid xenon and gaseous xenon. This is the liquid-vapor phase transition.
- the EUV radiation flux produced decreases.
- FIG. 6 very schematically illustrates the use of EUV radiation obtained with a device according to the invention for nanolithography.
- the nanolithography apparatus schematically represented in this FIG. 6 comprises a device 40 for generating EUV radiation of the kind of the EUV radiation source which has been described with reference to FIG. 1.
- optics 50 provided for shaping EUV radiation referenced 52, coming from device 40, and bringing this radiation 52 to mask 48 which then provides an image of the pattern in enlarged form, and optics 54 provided for reducing this enlarged image and projecting the reduced image onto the layer 46 of photosensitive resin.
- the support 42, the mask 48 and the optics 50 and 54 are arranged in a vacuum chamber (not shown) which, for the sake of simplification, is preferably the vacuum chamber in which the EUV irradiation radiation 52 is formed.
- the invention does not only apply to lithography, in order to manufacture integrated circuits with a very high degree of integration: the EUV radiation produced by the present invention has many other applications, in particular in materials science and microscopy. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to xenon. Other rare gases can be used, such as argon to form dense fog and produce EUV radiation.
- the invention aims to produce light
- EUV Extreme-V
- it produces a large number of lines ranging from the visible range to soft X-rays, and can be used for all the wavelengths produced.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/473,597 US20040129896A1 (en) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-04-16 | Method and device for generating extreme ultravilolet radiation in particular for lithography |
| KR10-2003-7013509A KR20030090745A (ko) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-04-16 | 극자외선광 특히 리소그라피 공정용 극자외선광을발생시키는 방법 및 장치 |
| JP2002582673A JP2004533704A (ja) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-04-16 | 特にリソグラフィのための極短紫外の光を生成するための方法及び装置 |
| EP02738200A EP1382230A1 (fr) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-04-16 | Procede et dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet notamment pour la lithographie |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0105241A FR2823949A1 (fr) | 2001-04-18 | 2001-04-18 | Procede et dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet notamment pour la lithographie |
| FR01/05241 | 2001-04-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002085080A1 true WO2002085080A1 (fr) | 2002-10-24 |
Family
ID=8862427
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2002/001306 Ceased WO2002085080A1 (fr) | 2001-04-18 | 2002-04-16 | Procede et dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet notamment pour la lithographie |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040129896A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1382230A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2004533704A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20030090745A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1618259A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2823949A1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2003133464A (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW543099B (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002085080A1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005019380A (ja) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Northrop Grumman Corp | プラズマが隔離されたレーザ生成プラズマeuv光源 |
| FR2871622A1 (fr) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-16 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet et application a une source de lithographie par rayonnement dans l'extreme ultraviolet |
| JP2007519193A (ja) * | 2004-01-26 | 2007-07-12 | マツクス−プランク−ゲゼルシャフト ツール フエルデルング デル ヴイツセンシャフテン エー フアウ | 真空チャンバ内での固体フィラメントの製造のための方法及び装置 |
| CN100391316C (zh) * | 2003-03-18 | 2008-05-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 借助于等离子体产生远紫外线和/或软x射线辐射的装置和方法 |
| EP1418796A3 (fr) * | 2002-11-06 | 2009-08-12 | University of Central Florida Foundation, Inc. | Réduction de l'érosion dans les cibles pour les sources EUV à plasma engendré par laser |
| US7619232B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2009-11-17 | Xtreme Technologies Gmbh | Method and device for producing extreme ultraviolet radiation or soft X-ray radiation |
| WO2011055376A1 (fr) | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-12 | Tata Institute Of Fundamental Research | Source ponctuelle de rayons x laser plasma biologique |
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| US7405416B2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2008-07-29 | Cymer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for EUV plasma source target delivery |
| US7476886B2 (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2009-01-13 | Cymer, Inc. | Source material collection unit for a laser produced plasma EUV light source |
| DE10213482B4 (de) * | 2002-03-22 | 2007-09-27 | Xtreme Technologies Gmbh | Detektoranordnung zur Impulsenergiemessung von gepulster Röntgenstrahlung |
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| JP2005235959A (ja) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-02 | Canon Inc | 光発生装置及び露光装置 |
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| TWI305296B (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2009-01-11 | Cymer Inc | Systems and methods for reducing the influence of plasma-generated debris on the internal components of an euv light source |
| JP4517147B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-26 | 2010-08-04 | 国立大学法人 宮崎大学 | 極端紫外光源装置 |
| CN100498420C (zh) * | 2005-11-04 | 2009-06-10 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | 极紫外激光等离子体光源碎片隔离器 |
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| US6377651B1 (en) * | 1999-10-11 | 2002-04-23 | University Of Central Florida | Laser plasma source for extreme ultraviolet lithography using a water droplet target |
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| US6760406B2 (en) * | 2000-10-13 | 2004-07-06 | Jettec Ab | Method and apparatus for generating X-ray or EUV radiation |
| US6657213B2 (en) * | 2001-05-03 | 2003-12-02 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | High temperature EUV source nozzle |
-
2001
- 2001-04-18 FR FR0105241A patent/FR2823949A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-04-02 TW TW091106594A patent/TW543099B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-16 CN CNA028122682A patent/CN1618259A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-16 JP JP2002582673A patent/JP2004533704A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-16 WO PCT/FR2002/001306 patent/WO2002085080A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-16 KR KR10-2003-7013509A patent/KR20030090745A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-16 US US10/473,597 patent/US20040129896A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-16 RU RU2003133464/28A patent/RU2003133464A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-16 EP EP02738200A patent/EP1382230A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1418796A3 (fr) * | 2002-11-06 | 2009-08-12 | University of Central Florida Foundation, Inc. | Réduction de l'érosion dans les cibles pour les sources EUV à plasma engendré par laser |
| CN100391316C (zh) * | 2003-03-18 | 2008-05-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 借助于等离子体产生远紫外线和/或软x射线辐射的装置和方法 |
| JP2005019380A (ja) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Northrop Grumman Corp | プラズマが隔離されたレーザ生成プラズマeuv光源 |
| US7619232B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2009-11-17 | Xtreme Technologies Gmbh | Method and device for producing extreme ultraviolet radiation or soft X-ray radiation |
| JP2007519193A (ja) * | 2004-01-26 | 2007-07-12 | マツクス−プランク−ゲゼルシャフト ツール フエルデルング デル ヴイツセンシャフテン エー フアウ | 真空チャンバ内での固体フィラメントの製造のための方法及び装置 |
| FR2871622A1 (fr) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-16 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l'extreme ultraviolet et application a une source de lithographie par rayonnement dans l'extreme ultraviolet |
| WO2006000718A1 (fr) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-01-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Dispositif de generation de lumiere dans l' extreme ultraviolet et application a une source de lithographie par rayonnement dans l'extreme ultraviolet |
| US7399981B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2008-07-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Apparatus for generating light in the extreme ultraviolet and use in a light source for extreme ultraviolet lithography |
| CN100541336C (zh) * | 2004-06-14 | 2009-09-16 | 原子能源局 | 产生远紫外区中光的设备及其对利用远紫外区中辐射的光刻源的应用 |
| WO2011055376A1 (fr) | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-12 | Tata Institute Of Fundamental Research | Source ponctuelle de rayons x laser plasma biologique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004533704A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
| CN1618259A (zh) | 2005-05-18 |
| TW543099B (en) | 2003-07-21 |
| KR20030090745A (ko) | 2003-11-28 |
| US20040129896A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
| FR2823949A1 (fr) | 2002-10-25 |
| EP1382230A1 (fr) | 2004-01-21 |
| RU2003133464A (ru) | 2005-01-27 |
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