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WO2002068062A1 - A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals - Google Patents

A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002068062A1
WO2002068062A1 PCT/CZ2002/000011 CZ0200011W WO02068062A1 WO 2002068062 A1 WO2002068062 A1 WO 2002068062A1 CZ 0200011 W CZ0200011 W CZ 0200011W WO 02068062 A1 WO02068062 A1 WO 02068062A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
disposal
hazardous waste
heavy metals
sludge
waste according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CZ2002/000011
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimír SLIVKA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ADAMEC ZDENEK
Original Assignee
ADAMEC ZDENEK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ADAMEC ZDENEK filed Critical ADAMEC ZDENEK
Priority to EP02701155A priority Critical patent/EP1363708A1/en
Priority to PL362311A priority patent/PL203271B1/en
Publication of WO2002068062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002068062A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/0463—Hazardous waste
    • C04B18/0472—Waste material contaminated by heavy metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/24—Organic substances containing heavy metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the disposal of hazardous waste, in particular steelworks and blast furnace sludges, the composition of which is relatively variable, but which contain pollutants such as heavy metals, e.g. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like.
  • pollutants such as heavy metals, e.g. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like.
  • the steelworks and blast furnace sludges are disposed of in such a way that they are deposited in secure storage areas for hazardous waste. It is actually not a disposal, and in particular it is not a complete exclusion of the possibility of a future negative impact of this waste on the environment, e.g. in the event of an accident in the storage space.
  • the capacity of the storage space is always limited, and recultivation of such storage space has so far been practically impossible, which of course has an influence on the appearance of the landscape.
  • the above-mentioned shortcomings of the known state of the art are to a considerable extent by the method for the disposal of the hazardous waste with heavy metal content, in particular steelworks and blast furnace sludges containing kadmitim (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like.
  • the essence of the process is that the hazardous waste of the type mentioned, used as a binder, for homogenizing the mixture is mixed with a plastic material containing a psammite-psephetic fraction and with a material having pozzolana and buffer properties to form an unwashable mass.
  • the material with pozzolana and buffer properties which acts as a stabilizer and binding agent of the pollutant in the sludge, fly ash from combustion processes of coal and / or coke, dusting materials from cement works or cement and. the like exploited.
  • One of the expedient steps of the process according to the invention is that the resulting mixture with the insoluble hydroxides of the heavy metals mentioned is fixed in a solidified matrix, differently from concrete, and stored as an offset of a pit area.
  • An important advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the pollutant or the heavy metals from the steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges, if necessary, other materials of a similar composition, which present wastes that are very dangerous for the environment, are both chemically and physically bound in the resulting mixture in the form of insoluble hydroxides.
  • a resulting mixture suitable for the sanitation / recultivation composition is prepared in such a way that 40 parts by weight of fly ash are mixed with 40 parts by weight of foundry sand and 20 parts by weight of steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges.
  • fly ash are mixed with 20 parts by weight of foundry sand and with 40 parts by weight of steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, especially sludges from steel plants and blast furnaces which contain cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (cu), iron (Fe), chrome (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like, wherein the waste is mixed with a clastic material containing a psammitic-psephitic fraction and a material having pozzolanic and buffering properties to produce a mass that cannot be washed away in which the heavy metals are bound chemically and physically in the form of insoluble hydroxides.

Description

Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls mit Schwermetallengehalt Process for the disposal of hazardous waste with heavy metal content

ErfindungsgebietTHE iNVENTION field

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entsorgung von gefährlichen Abfällen, insbesondere Stahlwerk- und Hochofenschlämmen, deren Zusammensetzung relativ veränderlich ist, die jedoch Pollutante enthalten, wie Schwermetalle sind, z.B. Kadmium (Cd) , Blei (Pb) , Zink (Zn) , Kupfer (Cu) , Eisen (Fe) , Chrom (Cr) , Kobalt (Co) , Nickel (Ni) u.dgl.The invention relates to a method for the disposal of hazardous waste, in particular steelworks and blast furnace sludges, the composition of which is relatively variable, but which contain pollutants such as heavy metals, e.g. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like.

Bisheriger Stand der TechnikCurrent state of the art

Derzeit werden die Stahlwerk- und Hochofenschlämme in der Weise entsorgt, daß sie in gesicherten Ablageplätzen gefährlicher Abfälle hintergelegt werden. Es handelt sich eigentlich um keine Entsorgung, und insbesondere handelt es sich um keinen vollständigen Ausschluß der Möglichkeit eines zukünftigen, negativen Einflusses dieser Abfälle auf die Umwelt, z.B. bei einer Havarie des Ablageplatzes. Darüber hinaus ist die Kapazität des Ablageplatzes immer beschränkt, und eine Rekultivierung solchen Ablageplatzes ist bisher praktisch ausgeschlossen, was selbstverständlich einen Einfluß auf das Aussehen der Landschaft hat.At present, the steelworks and blast furnace sludges are disposed of in such a way that they are deposited in secure storage areas for hazardous waste. It is actually not a disposal, and in particular it is not a complete exclusion of the possibility of a future negative impact of this waste on the environment, e.g. in the event of an accident in the storage space. In addition, the capacity of the storage space is always limited, and recultivation of such storage space has so far been practically impossible, which of course has an influence on the appearance of the landscape.

Es ist also die Aufgabe der Erfindung, die oben angeführten Mängel des beschriebenen Stands der Technik zu eliminieren und solcheines Verfahren zur Entsorgung der gefährlichen Abfälle mit Schwermetallengehalt vorzuschlagen, das sowohl ökonomisch als auch technologisch anspruchslos wäre und die Möglichkeit der negativen Einflüsse dieser Stoffe auf die Umwelt praktisch völlig ausschließen würde. Das Wesen der ErfindungIt is therefore the object of the invention to eliminate the deficiencies of the prior art described above and to propose such a method for the disposal of hazardous waste with a heavy metal content which would be both economically and technologically undemanding and the possibility of the negative effects of these substances on the environment would practically completely rule out. The essence of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß werden die oben angeführten Mängel des bekannten Standes der Technik in erheblichem Maße durch das Verfahren zur Entsorgung des gefährlichen Abfalles mit Schwermetallengehalt, besonders Stahlwerk- und Hochofenschlämme mit einem Gehalt von Kadmitim (Cd) , Blei (Pb) , Zink (Zn) , Kupfer (Cu) , Eisen (Fe) , Chrom (Cr) , Kobalt (Co) , Nickel (Ni) u.dgl., beseitigt. Das Wesen des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß der gefährliche als Bindemittel verwendete Abfall der angeführten Art zur Homogenisierung des Gemisches mit einem klastischen, eine psammit-psephetische Fraktion enthaltenden Material und mit einem Material mit Puzzolan- und Puffereigenschaften unter Entstehen einer unzerwaschbaren Masse vermischt wird.According to the invention, the above-mentioned shortcomings of the known state of the art are to a considerable extent by the method for the disposal of the hazardous waste with heavy metal content, in particular steelworks and blast furnace sludges containing kadmitim (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like. The essence of the process is that the hazardous waste of the type mentioned, used as a binder, for homogenizing the mixture is mixed with a plastic material containing a psammite-psephetic fraction and with a material having pozzolana and buffer properties to form an unwashable mass.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn ein Gießereisand, ein Flotationstaube, eine Herdasche u.dgl. als das klastische Material verwendet wird.According to the invention, it is advantageous if a foundry sand, a flotation dove, a hearth and the like. as the clastic material is used.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung werden als das Material mit Puzzolan- und Puffereigenschaften, das als Stabilisator und Abbindungsmittel der Pollutante in der Schlämme wirkt, Flugaschen von Verbrennungsvorgänge von Kohlen und/oder Koks, Entstaubmaterialle aus Zementwerk oder auch Zement u . dgl . ausgenützt .According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, as the material with pozzolana and buffer properties, which acts as a stabilizer and binding agent of the pollutant in the sludge, fly ash from combustion processes of coal and / or coke, dusting materials from cement works or cement and. the like exploited.

Einer der zweckmäßigen Schritte des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß das entstehende Gemisch mit den angeführten unlösbaren Hydroxiden der Schwermetalle in eine solidifizierte Matrize, anders Beton, fixiert und als ein Versatz eines Grubenraumes gelagert wird.One of the expedient steps of the process according to the invention is that the resulting mixture with the insoluble hydroxides of the heavy metals mentioned is fixed in a solidified matrix, differently from concrete, and stored as an offset of a pit area.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht darin, daß die Pollutante respektive die Schwermetalle von den Stahlwerk- und/oder Hochofenschlämmen gegebenenfalls andere Materiale ähnlicher Zusammensetzung, welche für die Umwelt sehr gefährliche Abfälle vorstellen, in dem resultierenden Gemisch in Form von unlöslichen Hydroxiden sowohl chemisch als auch physikalisch gebunden sind.An important advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the pollutant or the heavy metals from the steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges, if necessary, other materials of a similar composition, which present wastes that are very dangerous for the environment, are both chemically and physically bound in the resulting mixture in the form of insoluble hydroxides.

Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments

Für bessere Verständlichkeit wird nun das Wesen der Erfindung anhand geeigneter , konkreter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert .For better comprehensibility, the essence of the invention will now be explained in more detail using suitable, concrete exemplary embodiments.

Beispiel IExample I

Nach dieser Applikation des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ein für die Sanations-rekultivierungsmasse geeignetes resultierendes Gemisch so hergestellt, daß 40 Gewichtsteile von Flugaschen mit 40 Gewichtsteilen von Gießereisanden und mit 20 Gewichtsteilen von Stahlwerk- und/oder Hochofenschlämmen vermischt werden.After this application of the method according to the invention, a resulting mixture suitable for the sanitation / recultivation composition is prepared in such a way that 40 parts by weight of fly ash are mixed with 40 parts by weight of foundry sand and 20 parts by weight of steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges.

Beispiel IIExample II

Nach dieser vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, die für das unzerwaschbare Versatzgemisch zum Auffüllen von ausgebrochenen Grubenräumen geeignet ist, werden 40 Gewichtsteile von Flugaschen mit 20 Gewichtsteilen von Gießereisanden und mit 40 Gewichtsteilen von Stahlwerk- und/oder Hochofenschlämmen vermischt.According to this advantageous embodiment, which is suitable for the non-washable batch mixture for filling excavated mine spaces, 40 parts by weight of fly ash are mixed with 20 parts by weight of foundry sand and with 40 parts by weight of steelworks and / or blast furnace sludges.

Es ist evident, daß der Schutzumfang der Erfindung nicht nur auf die angeführten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt wird, sondern sich auf die ganze allgemeine Lösung bezieht, wie sie im Rahmen der technischen Aquiwalenz aus dem Erfindungswesen und den Patentansprüchen folgt.It is evident that the scope of protection of the invention is not limited only to the exemplary embodiments mentioned, but relates to the whole general solution as follows from the invention and the patent claims in the context of technical expertise.

Aus dem Angeführten ist es klar, daß das Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls und das Material , das durch die Applikation dieses Verfahrens entsteht, insbesondere als ein sekundärer Rohstoff für die Grubenbaumassen und/oder die Sanations-rekultivierungsmassen zur Geltung kommt, welche gerade an den Entstehungsörtern dieser gefährlichen Abfälle zweckmäßig verwendbar sind. It is clear from the above that the process for the disposal of hazardous waste and the material which results from the application of this process are particularly useful as a secondary raw material for the mine construction materials and / or the rehabilitation recultivation materials, which are usable at the place of origin of this hazardous waste.

Claims

P A T E N T AN S P R Ü C H E PATENT TO SPEECH 1. Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls mit Schwermetallengehalt, insbesondere Stahlwerk- und Hochofensσhlämme mit einem Gehalt von Kadmium (Cd) , Blei (Pb) , Zink (Zn) , Kupfer (Cu) , Eisen (Fe) , Chrom (Cr) , Kobalt (Co) , Nickel (Ni) u.dgl., dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schlamm mit einem klastischen Material mit einer psammit- psephitischer Fraktion und einem Material mit Puzzolan- und Puffereigenschaften unter Entstehen einer unzerwaschbaren Masse vermischt wird.1. Process for the disposal of hazardous waste with heavy metal content, in particular steel mill and blast furnace sludge containing cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) and the like, characterized in that the sludge is mixed with a clastic material with a psammit-psephitic fraction and a material with pozzolana and buffer properties with the formation of an unwashable mass. 2. Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als das klastische Material ein Gießereisand, ein Flotationstaube, eine Herdasche u.dgl. verwendet wird.2. A method for the disposal of hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that as the clastic material, a foundry sand, a flotation dove, a hearth and the like. is used. 3. Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als das Material mit Puzzolan- und Pu fereigenschaften, das als ein Stabilisator und Abbindungsmittel der Pollutante in der Schlämme wirkt, Flugaschen von Verbrennungsvorgänge von Kohlen und/oder Koks, Entstaubmaterialle aus Zementwerk oder auch Zement u . dgl . verwendet werden .3. A process for the disposal of hazardous waste according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as the material with pozzolan and Pu fere properties, which acts as a stabilizer and binding agent of the pollutant in the sludge, fly ash from combustion processes of coal and / or coke, Dedust materials from cement works or cement u. the like be used . 4. Verfahren zur Entsorgung gefährlichen Abfalls nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das entstandene Gemisch mit den unlösbaren Hydroxiden von Schwermetallen in eine solidifizierte Matrize fixiert und als ein Versatz eines Grubenraumes gelagert und/oder als eine Sanations-rekultivierungsmasse verwendet wird. 4. A process for the disposal of hazardous waste according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the resulting mixture is fixed with the insoluble hydroxides of heavy metals in a solidified matrix and stored as an offset of a pit and / or used as a sanitation-recultivation material ,
PCT/CZ2002/000011 2001-02-26 2002-02-25 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals Ceased WO2002068062A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02701155A EP1363708A1 (en) 2001-02-26 2002-02-25 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals
PL362311A PL203271B1 (en) 2001-02-26 2002-02-25 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZPV2001-730 2001-02-26
CZ20010730A CZ296222B6 (en) 2001-02-26 2001-02-26 Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002068062A1 true WO2002068062A1 (en) 2002-09-06

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PCT/CZ2002/000011 Ceased WO2002068062A1 (en) 2001-02-26 2002-02-25 A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals

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EP (1) EP1363708A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ296222B6 (en)
PL (1) PL203271B1 (en)
SK (1) SK285823B6 (en)
WO (1) WO2002068062A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1035487C2 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-01 Roelof Dirk Schuiling Underground cavity filling method for floor, involves filling underground cavities in floor with steel slag grains, and condensing steel slag grains into compact mass by injecting sulfuric acid

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226630A (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-07 Amax Resource Recovery Systems, Inc. Leach-resistant solid bodies from fly ash and heavy metal sludge
CH661921A5 (en) * 1983-07-26 1987-08-31 Ecodeco Spa Process for rendering industrial inorganic sludges inert
JPH0369535A (en) * 1989-08-08 1991-03-25 Nippon Jiryoku Senko Kk Utilizing method for dust in steel manufacture
DE4436229A1 (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-18 Metallgesellschaft Ag Filling material for mine shafts and for sealing and compacting building ground
DE19622178A1 (en) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-12 Sandoz Ag Solidification of waste
WO1998014410A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 N.V. Union Miniere S.A. Process for the conversion of iron bearing residues into a synthetic rock

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4226630A (en) * 1979-04-03 1980-10-07 Amax Resource Recovery Systems, Inc. Leach-resistant solid bodies from fly ash and heavy metal sludge
US4226630B1 (en) * 1979-04-03 1986-06-24
CH661921A5 (en) * 1983-07-26 1987-08-31 Ecodeco Spa Process for rendering industrial inorganic sludges inert
JPH0369535A (en) * 1989-08-08 1991-03-25 Nippon Jiryoku Senko Kk Utilizing method for dust in steel manufacture
DE4436229A1 (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-04-18 Metallgesellschaft Ag Filling material for mine shafts and for sealing and compacting building ground
DE19622178A1 (en) * 1995-06-09 1996-12-12 Sandoz Ag Solidification of waste
WO1998014410A1 (en) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-09 N.V. Union Miniere S.A. Process for the conversion of iron bearing residues into a synthetic rock

Non-Patent Citations (3)

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Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 115, no. 14, 7 October 1991, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 141377h, page 328; XP000318077 *
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 97, no. 16, 18 October 1982, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 132926u, J. EMERY page 352; XP002207819 *
INT. CONGR. CHEM. CEM. (PROC.), no. 4, 1981, paris, pages 644 - 648 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1035487C2 (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-01 Roelof Dirk Schuiling Underground cavity filling method for floor, involves filling underground cavities in floor with steel slag grains, and condensing steel slag grains into compact mass by injecting sulfuric acid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ2001730A3 (en) 2002-10-16
PL203271B1 (en) 2009-09-30
SK285823B6 (en) 2007-09-06
SK14002001A3 (en) 2002-09-10
CZ296222B6 (en) 2006-02-15
EP1363708A1 (en) 2003-11-26
PL362311A1 (en) 2004-10-18

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