CZ2001730A3 - Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals - Google Patents
Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CZ2001730A3 CZ2001730A3 CZ2001730A CZ2001730A CZ2001730A3 CZ 2001730 A3 CZ2001730 A3 CZ 2001730A3 CZ 2001730 A CZ2001730 A CZ 2001730A CZ 2001730 A CZ2001730 A CZ 2001730A CZ 2001730 A3 CZ2001730 A3 CZ 2001730A3
- Authority
- CZ
- Czechia
- Prior art keywords
- hazardous waste
- heavy metals
- pozzolanic
- containing heavy
- sludge
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0463—Hazardous waste
- C04B18/0472—Waste material contaminated by heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/24—Organic substances containing heavy metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(57) Anotace:(57)
Řešení se týká způsobu likvidace nebezpečného odpadu s obsahem těžkých kovů, zejména ocelárenských a vysokopecních kalů s obsahem kadmia, olova, zinku, mědi, železa, ohromu, kobaltu, niklu a dalších, který spočívá v jejich smíchání s klastickým materiálem se psamiticko-psefetickou frakcí a s materiálem s pucolánovými a pufrovacími vlastnostmi za vzniku nerozplavitelné hmoty, v níž jedou těžké kovy chemicky i fyzikálně vázané ve formě nerozpustných hydroxidů.The present invention relates to a method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, in particular steel and blast furnace sludges containing cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, iron, waste, cobalt, nickel and others by mixing them with clastic material with a psamitic-psephetic fraction and a material with pozzolanic and buffering properties to form an impregnable mass in which heavy metals are chemically and physically bound in the form of insoluble hydroxides.
i vi v
CZ 2001 - 730 A3CZ 2001 - 730 A3
......xí>®4 . - *i-20 ··· » · · ♦ · · · · • · · · · * · · · ·...... xi> ®4. - * i-20 ··· »· ♦ · · · · · · ·
- 1 ···» · · «· « · · * · · · · ·- 1 ··· · · «* * *
Způsob likvidace nebezpečného odpadu s obsahem těžkých kovůMethod of disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals
Oblast technikyTechnical field
Vynález se týká způsobu likvidace nebezpečných odpadů, zejména ocelárenských a vysokopecních kalů, jejichž složeni je relativně proměnné, ale které obsahuji polutanty, jako jsou těžké kovy, například kadmium Cd, olovo Pb, zinek Zn, měď Cu, železo Fe, chrom Cr, kobalt Co, nikl Ni a podobně.The invention relates to a process for the disposal of hazardous wastes, in particular steel and blast furnace sludges, the composition of which is relatively variable but which contain pollutants such as heavy metals such as cadmium Cd, lead Pb, zinc Zn, copper Cu, iron Fe, chromium Cr, cobalt Co, nickel Ni and the like.
Dosavadní stav technikyBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
V současné době se ocelárenské a vysoskopecní kaly likvidují tím způsobem, že se ukládají na zabezpečených skládkách nebezpečných odpadů. To však vlastně není jejich likvidace, a zejména se pak nejedná o úplné vyloučení možnosti jejich budoucího negativního vlivu na životní prostředí, například při havárii skládky. Navíc je kapacita skládky vždy om^ná a rekultivace takové skládky je zatím prakticky vyloučená, což má samozřejmě vliv na vzhled krajiny.At present, steel sludge and embossing sludge are disposed of by depositing in hazardous waste landfills. However, this is not actually their liquidation and, in particular, it does not completely exclude the possibility of their future negative impact on the environment, for example in a landfill accident. Moreover, the capacity of the landfill is always limited and the reclamation of such a landfill is practically impossible, which of course has an impact on the landscape.
Úkolem tohoto vynálezu je shora uvedené nedostatky popsaného stavu techniky eliminovat a navrhnout takový způsob likvidace nebezpečných odpadů s obsahem těžkých kovů, který by byl ekonomicky i technologicky nenáročný a možnost negativních vlivů těchto materiálů na životní prostředí by prakticky zcela vyloučil.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a method of disposal of hazardous wastes containing heavy metals which is economically and technologically undemanding and virtually eliminates the possibility of negative environmental impacts of these materials.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Výše uvedené nedostatky známého stavu techniky do značné míry odstraňuje způsob likvidace nebezpečného odpadu s obsahem těžkých kovů, zejména ocelárenských a vysokopecních kalů s obsahem kadmia, olova, zinku, mědi, železa, chrómu, kobaltu, niklu a podobně, podle vynálezu, jehož podstata spočívá v tom, že se nebezpečný odpad uvedeného typu, • · · «··· ··· • »· · · · · ·· tvořící pojivo, smísí pro homogenizaci směsi s klastickým materiálem s psamiticko-psefetickou frakcí a s materiálem s pucolánovými a pufrovacími vlastnostmi za vzniku nerozplavitelné hmoty.The aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art are largely overcome by the method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals, in particular steel and blast furnace sludges containing cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel and the like, according to the invention. characterized in that the hazardous waste of this type, which forms a binder, is mixed with the psamitic-psefetic fraction and the pozzolanic and buffered material to homogenize the mixture. properties to form insoluble matter.
Podle vynálezu je výhodné, použijí-li se jako klastický materiál slévárenský písek, flotační hlušina, ložový popel a podobně.According to the invention, it is advantageous to use foundry sand, flotation tailings, bed ash and the like as clastic material.
Podle dalšího výhodného provedení vynálezu se jako materiál s pucolánovými a pufrovacími vlastnostmi, který působí jako stabilizátor a solidifikátor polutantů v kalech, použijí úletové popílky ze spalovacího procesu uhlí a/nebo koksu, cementářské odprašky a nebo i cement a podobně.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, fly ash from the combustion of coal and / or coke, cement dusts and / or cement and the like are used as the material with pozzolanic and buffering properties, which act as a stabilizer and solidification of pollutants in the sludge.
Jeden z vhodných kroků způsobu podle vynálezu pak spočívá v tom, že se vzniklá směs s uvedenými nerozpustnými hydroxidy těžkých kovů fixuje do solidifikované matrice, například betonu, a uloží se jako základka důlních prostor.One suitable step of the process according to the invention is that the resulting mixture with said insoluble heavy metal hydroxides is fixed in a solidified matrix, for example concrete, and stored as a foundation of the mine space.
Podstatná výhoda řešení podle vynálezu spočívá v tom, že polutanty, respektive těžké kovy z ocelárenských a/nebo vysokopecních kalů, případně další materiály obdobného složení, které představují pro životní prostředí velmi nebezpečné odpady, jsou ve výsledné směsi chemicky i fyzikálně vázány ve formě nerozpustných hydroxidů.The main advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the pollutants or heavy metals from the steel and / or blast furnace sludge or other materials of similar composition, which represent very hazardous waste for the environment, are chemically and physically bound in the resulting mixture in the form of insoluble hydroxides. .
Příklady provedení vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Pro lepší, pochopení bude nyní podstat vynálezu blíže objasněna na příkladech vhodného konkrétního provedení.For better understanding, the invention will now be described in more detail by way of examples of suitable specific embodiments.
Příklad IExample I
Podle této aplikace způsobu podle vynálezu se vytváří výsledná směs vhodná pro sanačně-rekultivační hmotu tak, že se smísí 40 hmotnostních dílů úletových popílků se 40 hmotnostními díly slévárenských písků a s 20 hmotnostními díly ocelárenských a/nebo vysokopecních kalů.According to this application of the process according to the invention, the resulting mixture suitable for the remediation-reclamation mass is formed by mixing 40 parts by weight of fly ash with 40 parts by weight of foundry sands and 20 parts by weight of steel and / or blast furnace sludge.
··· ···« ···« ···· · · · · · · «····« · · · ··«· ·» «· ···« ·· ···· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
- 3 Příklad II- 3 Example II
Podle této výhodné formy provedení vhodné pro nerozplavitelnou základkovou směs pro zaplňování vyrubaných důlních prostor se smíchá 40 hmotnostních dílů úletových popílků s 20 hmotnostními díly slévárenských písků a 40 hmotnostními díly ocelárenských a/nebo vysokopecních kalů.According to this preferred embodiment suitable for a non-drinkable base mixture for filling mined mine spaces, 40 parts by weight of fly ash is mixed with 20 parts by weight of foundry sand and 40 parts by weight of steel and / or blast furnace sludge.
Je samozřejmé, že se rozsah vynálezu neomezuje pouze na uvedené příklady provedení, ale týká se obecně celého řešení, jak vyplývá v rámci technické ekvivalence z pc^taty vynálezu a patentových nároků.It goes without saying that the scope of the invention is not limited to the examples, but generally relates to the whole solution, as is apparent from the technical equivalence of the invention and the claims.
Z uvedeného je zřejmé, že způsob likvidace nebezpečného odpadu a materiál, který aplikací tohoto způsobu vzniká, nachází uplatnění zejména jako druhotná surovina do důlněstavebních respektive sanačně-rekultivačních materiálů použitelných účelně právě v místech vzniku uvedených nebezpečných odpadů.It is clear from the above that the method of disposal of hazardous waste and the material resulting from the application of this method finds its application especially as a secondary raw material in mining or reclamation-recyclable materials usable in precisely the places where the hazardous waste is generated.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZ20010730A CZ296222B6 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-02-26 | Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals |
| SK1400-2001A SK285823B6 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-10-02 | A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals |
| EP02701155A EP1363708A1 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2002-02-25 | A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals |
| PL362311A PL203271B1 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2002-02-25 | A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals |
| PCT/CZ2002/000011 WO2002068062A1 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2002-02-25 | A method for the disposal of hazardous waste containing heavy metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZ20010730A CZ296222B6 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-02-26 | Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CZ2001730A3 true CZ2001730A3 (en) | 2002-10-16 |
| CZ296222B6 CZ296222B6 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
Family
ID=5473223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CZ20010730A CZ296222B6 (en) | 2001-02-26 | 2001-02-26 | Disposal process of harmful waste containing heavy metals |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1363708A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ296222B6 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL203271B1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK285823B6 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002068062A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1035487C2 (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-01 | Roelof Dirk Schuiling | Underground cavity filling method for floor, involves filling underground cavities in floor with steel slag grains, and condensing steel slag grains into compact mass by injecting sulfuric acid |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4226630A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1980-10-07 | Amax Resource Recovery Systems, Inc. | Leach-resistant solid bodies from fly ash and heavy metal sludge |
| IT1194344B (en) * | 1983-07-26 | 1988-09-14 | Ecodeco Sist Srl | PROCESS FOR THE INERTIZATION OF INORGANIC INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE |
| JPH0369535A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-03-25 | Nippon Jiryoku Senko Kk | Utilizing method for dust in steel manufacture |
| DE4436229C2 (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1997-04-17 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Filler for filling mine shafts and underground cavities as well as for sealing and solidifying subsoil and method for producing the filler |
| GB9511700D0 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1995-08-02 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to organic compounds |
| EP0931031B1 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2000-07-12 | n.v. Union Miniere s.a. | Process for the conversion of iron bearing residues into a synthetic rock |
-
2001
- 2001-02-26 CZ CZ20010730A patent/CZ296222B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-02 SK SK1400-2001A patent/SK285823B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-02-25 EP EP02701155A patent/EP1363708A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-02-25 PL PL362311A patent/PL203271B1/en unknown
- 2002-02-25 WO PCT/CZ2002/000011 patent/WO2002068062A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1363708A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
| SK14002001A3 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
| CZ296222B6 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
| WO2002068062A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 |
| SK285823B6 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
| PL362311A1 (en) | 2004-10-18 |
| PL203271B1 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK4A | Patent expired |
Effective date: 20210226 |