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WO2002040578A1 - Film de polyvinylacetal conducteur d'ions - Google Patents

Film de polyvinylacetal conducteur d'ions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002040578A1
WO2002040578A1 PCT/DE2001/004277 DE0104277W WO0240578A1 WO 2002040578 A1 WO2002040578 A1 WO 2002040578A1 DE 0104277 W DE0104277 W DE 0104277W WO 0240578 A1 WO0240578 A1 WO 0240578A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
plasticizer
ion
thermoplastic
polyvinyl acetal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2001/004277
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002040578B1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Kraft
Karl-Heinz Heckner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GESIMAT GmbH
Original Assignee
GESIMAT GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GESIMAT GmbH filed Critical GESIMAT GmbH
Priority to EP01996577A priority Critical patent/EP1334144A1/fr
Priority to AU2002216915A priority patent/AU2002216915A1/en
Publication of WO2002040578A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002040578A1/fr
Publication of WO2002040578B1 publication Critical patent/WO2002040578B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols

Definitions

  • the invention describes the composition and manufacture of a plasticized polyvinyl acetal film, preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, which, owing to its ion-conducting properties according to the invention, can be used as an electrolyte in electrochromic systems. Due to its mechanical properties and its adhesive strength on glass, it can also be used as an intermediate layer for laminated safety glass, which means that electrochromic glass composites acquire the properties of laminated safety glass. It can also be used in lithium-ion batteries. Due to its thermoplastic properties, it can be processed with efficient and inexpensive lamination processes. Ion-conducting polymers are used in various applications of electrochemical techniques. These are e.g.
  • Electrolysis processes with separate electrode compartments such as chlor-alkali electrolysis, electrodialysis, fuel cells (PEM fuel cells) and the production of batteries (e.g. Li-ion batteries) or electrochromic systems. It is important in all cases that the ion conductors have a very low electronic conductivity, but the highest possible ion conductivity.
  • Electrochromic systems are arrangements whose permeability to electromagnetic radiation can be changed mainly in the visible and infrared spectral range by applying a DC voltage.
  • Electrochromic substances are substances that change their optical properties when receiving and releasing electrical charges. These electrochromic substances can be present as a film on the electrodes and / or can be present in solution in electrolytes.
  • Ion-conducting polymers used in electrochromic systems must therefore generally have high optical transparency in addition to the properties required, for example, when used in batteries and fuel cells.
  • a liquid electrolyte can be used.
  • This liquid electrolyte consists of a polar solvent or a mixture of several polar solvents and at least one conductive salt dissociated therein.
  • An example of such a liquid organic electrolyte is given, for example, in patent application WO96 / 18215, in which the mixture of solvents ethylene carbonate and ⁇ -valerolactone and an alkali metal or ammonium salt dissolved in this mixture are described for use as electrolyte for batteries, capacitors or electrochromic displays becomes.
  • gel electrolytes are produced by adding gel formers or polymers soluble in the liquid electrolyte.
  • Water-soluble polymers are, for example, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyvinyl alcohol.
  • Polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are often used as gel formers in polar organic solvents according to the prior art.
  • Another important group of electrolytes are solid electrolytes. Solid electrolytes can be both organic polymers and inorganic substances.
  • polymers for solid electrolytes for example, polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with a conductive salt, but without a plasticizer or liquid solvent, but also in particular crosslinked and thus absorbing a solvent, but no longer soluble in it, are used.
  • a known polymeric crosslinked solid electrolyte is, for example, National ® from DuPont.
  • Another known crosslinked solid electrolyte is polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene, into which sulfonic acid groups have been incorporated by sulfonation. Most currently available ion exchangers are made from this material.
  • Solid electrolytes that can be produced in film form, can be stored and can be processed thermoplastically would be particularly advantageous. However, crosslinked polymers can generally no longer be processed thermoplastically.
  • Non-crosslinked polymeric solid electrolytes that are produced without plasticizers have an ionic conductivity that is far too low for practical use.
  • thermoplastic, optically transparent, ion-conducting polymers are provided in the form of a mechanically stable, self-supporting film if possible.
  • Polyvinyl butyral belongs to the group of polyvinyl acetals and is chemically actually a copolymer: poly (vinyl butyral-co-vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate). In technical colloquial language, however, it is usually simply called polyvinyl butyral or PVB for short.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • polyvinyl butyral glass used usually contains about 80% butyral, 18% hydroxyl and about 2% acetate groups.
  • Laminated safety glass usual techniques and devices can also be used for the production of electrochromic window dressings.
  • the ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film according to the invention not only has the ionic conductivity required for electrochromy, but also the properties required for laminated safety glass, such as mechanical stability, high adhesion
  • plasticized polyvinyl butyral 100 are the good transparency, light resistance, elasticity and optimal adhesion to glass.
  • Polyvinyl butyral and other polyvinyl acetals are non-toxic.
  • a plasticizer additive is usually necessary to increase toughness and adhesive strength. The use of these plasticized polyvinyl butyral films for the production of composite
  • plasticizers for example, esters of polyvalent acids with polyhydric alcohols, such as Di-n-hexyl adipate, dibutyl sebazate or dioctyl phthalate, esters of phosphoric acid or esters of aliphatic diols mixed with carboxylic acids.
  • a standard laminated safety glass consists of 2 glass panes that are connected with a plasticized polyvinyl butyral film, whereby a glass pane can be replaced by a plastic pane if necessary. With mechanical action on this laminated safety glass, 2 requirements
  • the laminated safety glass on the one hand, the mechanical energy is partially absorbed elastically and, on the other hand, the resulting glass splinters stick to the polyvinyl butyral film.
  • Areas of application for laminated safety glass are primarily in the architectural and automotive sectors. In the latter, the windshields in particular are used as composite security
  • pane assemblies that consist of more than 2 supporting glass or plastic panes.
  • the commercially available plasticizer-containing polyvinyl butyral film is generally produced by extrusion, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5886075.
  • the polyvinyl butyral powder is generally produced by extrusion, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5886075.
  • plasticizers and any other additives mixed and then extruded at temperatures above 150 ° C to a film.
  • the plasticizer-containing polyvinyl butyral films currently produced according to the prior art have no ionic conductivity and can therefore not be used as a polymer electrolyte in electrochromic window dressings. 135
  • the prior art can be summarized as follows: Conventional polyvinyl butyral films produced according to the prior art are not ion-conductive and therefore cannot be used as a polymer electrolyte. All previous attempts to make polyvinyl butyral ion-conductive have not led to mechanically stable, elastic, ion-conductive foils.
  • the aim of the invention is to create an ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film, preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, which combines sufficient ion conductivity with the mechanical stability, toughness and adhesive strength of a conventional polyvinyl butyral film.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying the composition of a 145 ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film, preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, by means of which it is possible to produce electrochromic pane assemblies which at the same time meet the requirements of laminated safety glass. Furthermore, methods for producing such an ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film, preferably a polyvinyl butyral film, are specified. However, the ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film according to the invention can also be used as a polymer electrolyte in other applications, in particular in lithium-ion batteries.
  • the object is achieved in that the optically transparent, mechanically stable, thermoplastic, elastic, plasticizer-containing polyvinyl
  • the viscosity of the medium depends.
  • the essential influence of the electronic conductivity of the transparent oxide layers serving as control electrodes is also Importance. This is at least two orders of magnitude lower than that of metals. 170
  • the voltage drop in the transparent conductive layers is decisive for the switching speed in large electrochromic pane assemblies, for example in architecture, of 1 mx 2 m and dominates over the influence of the ion conductivity of the polymer electrolyte.
  • polyvinyl butyral is used to produce the 175 optically transparent, mechanically stable, elastic, thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing polyvinyl acetal film.
  • Polyvinylbuytral is by far the most frequently used polyvinyl acetal, and its use as an intermediate layer for laminated safety glass has become generally accepted.
  • organic liquids with a dielectric constant greater than 3 and a boiling point greater than 150 ° C., preferably greater than 200 ° C. are used as the plasticizer or component (s) of a plasticizer mixture. These substances are able to absorb the conductive salts in the necessary concentration. Due to its high boiling point, it is possible to process the film thermoplastic. A high boiling point is also important for long-term stability of electrochromic elements.
  • the proportion of plasticizer is 20 to 70% by mass, preferably 20 to 45% by mass, of the total mass of the film. At lower plasticizer contents, the elasticity and ionic conductivity of the polyvinyl butyral film are too low for practical use, while at higher plasticizer contents, no 190 mechanically stable film is obtained.
  • conductive salts in the concentration range between 0.01 mol / l to 5 mol / l are dissolved in the plasticizer or plasticizer mixture of the optically transparent, mechanically stable, elastic, thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing and ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film.
  • the ions generated by the dissociation of the conductive salts ensure the ionic conductivity of the film according to the invention.
  • alkali metal or ammonium salts are used as the conducting salt for the optically transparent, mechanically stable, thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing and ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film.
  • the use of monovalent alkali metal or ammonium ions is particularly favorable because, on the one hand, they have high ion mobility and, on the other hand, they can be easily installed and removed in electrochromic layers during the switching processes. From these aspects, lithium or potassium salts are particularly suitable.
  • a lithium salt for the ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film is particularly suitable.
  • LiCIO 4 LiCIO 4 , LiCI, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 or mixtures of these salts.
  • These salts are particularly suitable because they dissolve well in the plasticizers in question, their anions are relatively electrochemically stable, and these salts are commercially available.
  • substances from the groups of ketones, alkylpyrrolidones, alkylene carbonates, lactones, dimethylalkylamides, nitroaliphatics, nitroaromatics, aliphatic nitriles, esters of dicarboxylic acids, and esters of dicarboxylic acids are used as organic liquids with a dielectric constant greater than 210 3 and a boiling point greater than 150 ° C. for the ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film , Carboxylic acid esters and alkyl ethers or mixtures of these classes of substances used.
  • Substances from these classes of substances have a sufficiently high polarity to be able to dissolve suitable conductive salts and also a sufficiently high boiling point so that the resulting film can be laminated at elevated temperature.
  • the optically transparent, mechanically stable, elastic, 220 thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing and ion-conductive polyvinyl butyral film is produced by extrusion.
  • Extrusion processes are preferred in plastics technology because they can be used to produce films inexpensively and with high productivity without the use of auxiliary solvents.
  • the conductive salt is dissolved in the plasticizer before the extrusion is carried out. This enables a particularly good distribution of the ions in the polymer film which ensure the ionic conductivity.
  • the extrusion technology can be used to produce ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal films of high quality and optical homogeneity.
  • the optically transparent, mechanically stable, elastic, thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing and ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film is produced by inserting a commercially available, non-ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film into suitable plasticizers or plasticizer mixtures according to the invention with the conductive salts dissolved therein.
  • the softening substances according to the invention with the conductive salts according to the invention are diffused into the existing, non-ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film, as a result of which this becomes ion-conductive.
  • Low-molecular organic liquids with a high dielectric constant are preferably used as plasticizers in this process, for example low-molecular lactones and alkylene carbonates, such as e.g. Ethylene carbonate or
  • the process of diffusion is preferably carried out at temperatures at which the polyvinyl butyral is only slightly dissolved, but the plasticizer can already penetrate the film. These temperatures can differ greatly for different plasticizers and lie
  • the optically transparent, mechanically stable, elastic, thermoplastic, plasticizer-containing and ion-conducting polyvinyl butyral film can also be produced in a casting process, the components of the film being dissolved in a volatile solvent or solvent mixture.
  • solvents for this purpose are alcohols such as methanol,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la composition et la production d'un film de polyvinylacétal, de préférence, d'un film de polyvinylbutyral visuellement transparent, mécaniquement stable, élastique, thermoplastique et contenant des plastifiants. Ce film peut être utilisé aussi bien comme électrolyte dans des systèmes électrochromes que simultanément comme couche intermédiaire d'un verre de sécurité feuilleté en raison de ses propriétés mécaniques et, selon l'invention, de conduction ionique. Ce film peut également être utilisé dans les accumulateurs aux ions de lithium. De plus, ce film peut être traité de manière efficace et économique dans des procédés de stratification en raison de ses propriétés thermoplastiques.
PCT/DE2001/004277 2000-11-17 2001-11-14 Film de polyvinylacetal conducteur d'ions Ceased WO2002040578A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01996577A EP1334144A1 (fr) 2000-11-17 2001-11-14 Film de polyvinylacetal conducteur d'ions
AU2002216915A AU2002216915A1 (en) 2000-11-17 2001-11-14 Ion-conducting polyvinyl acetal film

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10057029 2000-11-17
DE10057029.1 2000-11-17
DE10147695.7 2001-09-27
DE10147695 2001-09-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002040578A1 true WO2002040578A1 (fr) 2002-05-23
WO2002040578B1 WO2002040578B1 (fr) 2002-09-26

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PCT/DE2001/004277 Ceased WO2002040578A1 (fr) 2000-11-17 2001-11-14 Film de polyvinylacetal conducteur d'ions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1334144A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002216915A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002040578A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10327517A1 (de) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-13 Ht Troplast Ag Ionenleitende thermoplastische Zusammensetzungen für elektrochrome Verglasungen
FR2910137A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Saint Gobain Materiau electrolyte de dispositif electrocommandable, son procede de fabrication, dispositif electrocommandable le comprenant et procede de fabrication dudit dispositif
FR2910138A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Saint Gobain Materiau electrolyte de dispositif electrocommandable, son procede de fabrication, dispositif electrocommandable le comprenant et procede de fabrication dudit dispositif
WO2008122608A1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Films ntercouche pour vitrage feuilleté contenant de la silice à indice de réfraction spécifique
DE102007021103A1 (de) 2007-05-03 2008-11-06 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Herstellung von Folien für Verbundverglasungen durch Spritzgieß- oder Spritzprägeverfahren
EP2093270A1 (fr) 2008-02-19 2009-08-26 EControl-Glas GmbH & Co. KG Utilisation d'antioxydants destinés à juguler un déchargement spontané
EP2181875A2 (fr) 2008-11-03 2010-05-05 Kuraray Europe GmbH Procédé de moulage par injection de masses polymères thermoplastiques ayant des transmissions de propriétés continues
US7985465B2 (en) 2005-12-09 2011-07-26 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Polyvinyl acetal-containing film
EP3369754A1 (fr) 2017-03-03 2018-09-05 EControl-Glas GmbH & Co. KG Composition destinée à fabriquer un polymère, procédé de fabrication du polymère, ledit polymère, utilisation du polymère et vitrage à gradation électrique comprenant le polymère

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1166897A (en) * 1966-04-25 1969-10-15 Libbey Owens Ford Company Form Improved laminated glazing unit and method for producing same
JPH04133209A (ja) * 1990-09-25 1992-05-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd リチウムイオン伝導性固体電解質の製造方法
EP0617078A1 (fr) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-28 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Polyvinylbutyrals plastifiées ayant des proprietés de réduction d'adhérence améliorées vis-à-vis de verre silicate, procédé de leur fabrication et utilisation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1166897A (en) * 1966-04-25 1969-10-15 Libbey Owens Ford Company Form Improved laminated glazing unit and method for producing same
JPH04133209A (ja) * 1990-09-25 1992-05-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd リチウムイオン伝導性固体電解質の製造方法
EP0617078A1 (fr) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-28 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Polyvinylbutyrals plastifiées ayant des proprietés de réduction d'adhérence améliorées vis-à-vis de verre silicate, procédé de leur fabrication et utilisation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199225, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A14, AN 1992-203968, XP002193843 *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9034984B2 (en) 2003-06-17 2015-05-19 Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ion-conductive thermoplastic composition, electrochromic composite system and process for producing ion-conductive foil
US8188182B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2012-05-29 Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co. Kg Ion-conductive thermoplastic compositions for electrochromic glazing
DE10327517A1 (de) * 2003-06-17 2005-01-13 Ht Troplast Ag Ionenleitende thermoplastische Zusammensetzungen für elektrochrome Verglasungen
US7985465B2 (en) 2005-12-09 2011-07-26 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Polyvinyl acetal-containing film
CN101611346B (zh) * 2006-12-18 2012-04-25 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 用于电控装置的电解质材料、其制备方法、包括其的电控装置和所述装置的生产方法
WO2008084168A3 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-10-23 Saint Gobain Materiau electrolyte de dispositif electrocommandable, son procede de fabrication, dispositif electrocommandable le comprenant et procede de fabrication dudit dispositif
FR2910137A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Saint Gobain Materiau electrolyte de dispositif electrocommandable, son procede de fabrication, dispositif electrocommandable le comprenant et procede de fabrication dudit dispositif
RU2453883C2 (ru) * 2006-12-18 2012-06-20 Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс Электролитный материал электроуправляемого устройства, способ его получения, содержащее его электроуправляемое устройство и способ получения указанного устройства
FR2910138A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-20 Saint Gobain Materiau electrolyte de dispositif electrocommandable, son procede de fabrication, dispositif electrocommandable le comprenant et procede de fabrication dudit dispositif
US8039112B2 (en) 2007-04-05 2011-10-18 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Interlayer films for laminated glazing containing silica with specific refractive index
WO2008122608A1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Films ntercouche pour vitrage feuilleté contenant de la silice à indice de réfraction spécifique
DE102007021103A1 (de) 2007-05-03 2008-11-06 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Herstellung von Folien für Verbundverglasungen durch Spritzgieß- oder Spritzprägeverfahren
US7916379B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2011-03-29 Econtrol-Glas Gmbh & Co. Kg Electrochromic elements using antioxidants to suppress self-discharging
EP2093270A1 (fr) 2008-02-19 2009-08-26 EControl-Glas GmbH & Co. KG Utilisation d'antioxydants destinés à juguler un déchargement spontané
DE102008043393A1 (de) 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Kuraray Europe Gmbh Verfahren zum Spritzgießen von thermoplastischen Polymermassen mit kontinuierlichen Eigenschaftsübergängen
EP2181875A2 (fr) 2008-11-03 2010-05-05 Kuraray Europe GmbH Procédé de moulage par injection de masses polymères thermoplastiques ayant des transmissions de propriétés continues
EP3369754A1 (fr) 2017-03-03 2018-09-05 EControl-Glas GmbH & Co. KG Composition destinée à fabriquer un polymère, procédé de fabrication du polymère, ledit polymère, utilisation du polymère et vitrage à gradation électrique comprenant le polymère
WO2018157891A1 (fr) 2017-03-03 2018-09-07 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena (FSU) Composition servant à la production d'un polymère, procédé de production du polymère, ledit polymère, utilisation du polymère et vitrage intelligent électrochrome comprenant ledit polymère
US11326012B2 (en) 2017-03-03 2022-05-10 Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet Jena Composition for producing a polymer, a method for producing the polymer, said polymer, use of the polymer, and an electrically dimmable glazing enclosing the polymer

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WO2002040578B1 (fr) 2002-09-26
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