WO2001014628A1 - Heat stable coning oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a coning oil having viscosity less than 70 cSt at 20 DEG C, comprising besides the usual additives, essentially a mixture of: 10 to 30 wt.% of an ester A selected among ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, polyethylene glycol diesters and mixtures thereof, comprising 10 to 30 ethylene oxide units and for the major part based on C18 fatty acids; 90 to 70 wt.% of a compound B selected among glycerol or trimethylolpropane triesters with C8-C12 fatty acids. Said coning oil is adapted to polyester or polyamide fibres.

Description

 THERMOSTABLE WINDING OIL

The present invention relates to winding oil compositions for textile fibers. More particularly, it relates to winding oil compositions for polyester or polyamide fibers.

The compositions used as winding oils must have many properties. In addition to lubricating properties, they must protect metals from corrosion, evacuate electrical charges, and be able to be removed by washing the fiber. In the context of environmental protection, it is also necessary that these compositions do not give pollution by evaporation during the heat treatments carried out on the fibers, and that they have a high biodegradability (in particular with a view to fiber washing operation).

Document US-A-3834870 describes the use of C8-C20 fatty acid esters with alcohols of formula R (OH) x (in which R is an al yl radical in C5-C20 and x = l- 5) as "coning oil" for polypropylene fibers.

Document EP-A-54953 describes a spin finish for synthetic fibers comprising (a) 50-90% of a thermally stable lubricant and (b) 10-50% of a compound of formula RO - (Aa-Bb) H in which R is a C6-C14 alkyl radical, A is oxypropylene, B is oxyethylene, a = 4- 15 and b = 5-10.

Document JP-A-55067069 describes a textile oil for polyester fiber comprising at least 50% of esters consisting mainly of fatty acid esters with a trimethylol alkane or pentaerythritol, the other components being monoalcohol esters with fatty acids . Textile oil also contains nonionic surfactants, antistatic agents, and anionic surfactants.

Document EP-A-288620 describes a process for treating synthetic fibers intended to undergo a severe heat treatment with (a) the ester of a polycarboxylic acid and an alcohol of formula R1R2CH- CH2-O- (AO) nH (with RI and R2 = C4-C18 alkyl, AO = alkylene oxide in C2-C4 and n = 0-30) or (b) the ester of a polyhydric alcohol and of an acid of formula R3R4CH-COOH (with R3 and R4 = C4-C18 alkyl).

Several articles by W. Dόhrn et al. describe a commercial product exhibiting in particular resistance to evaporation ("low-emission"):

- Melliand Int. (1998), (1), 8, 10;

- Melliand Textilber., (1998), 79 (3), 130-1, E28-9;

- Melliand Int. (1996), (4), 180-4;

- Melliand Textilber., (1996), 77 (11), 770-4, E171-1.

There are sizes composed of emulsions or aqueous solutions, but the industrial use of these sizes is not reliable due to the evaporation of water which increases the concentration and therefore the viscosity of the product; this results in large and difficult to control variations in the amount of size taken up by the wires, in particular in the case of application of the size by a lick roller system.

However, the known compositions of anhydrous winding oils do not have sufficient thermal stability. By thermal stability is meant the resistance of the composition of winding oils to evaporation during the necessary heat treatments of the fibers. The thermal stability is measured objectively by gravimetrically determining the quantity of composition evaporated after heat treatment under standardized conditions; it is expressed in g per kg of textile.

There is therefore a need for winding oil compositions having improved thermal stability.

An object of the invention is to provide winding oil compositions having improved thermal stability.

Another object of the invention is to provide winding oil compositions which, while retaining good properties, have improved thermal stability. Another object of the invention is to provide winding oil compositions for fibers of the polyester or polyamide type, having improved thermal stability.

The compositions of the invention comprise, in addition to the usual additives, essentially a mixture of:

- 10 to 30% by weight of a compound chosen from the group comprising ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, polyethylene glycol diesters and mixtures thereof, comprising from 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide, and in which the ester is mainly based on one or more C 18 fatty acids;

- 90 to 70% by weight of a triester of glycerol or trimethylolpropane with fatty acids chosen from the group comprising C8, C9, C 10, C i l, C 12 acids and their mixtures; compositions having a viscosity of less than 70 cSt at 20 ° C.

The ethoxylated sorbitan triesters preferably comprise from 15 to 25 units of ethylene oxide, the most preferred value being about 20 units of ethylene oxide. They are mainly based on one or more C 18 fatty acids, namely that the C 18 fatty acids represent more than 50 mol% of the fatty acids of the triesters, preferably more than 75%, the most preferred value being at least 90%; among the C18 fatty acids, it is preferable to use mainly oleic acid or isostearic acid, preferably for more than 75 mol% of the C 18 fatty acids. The preferred compounds are the sorbitan triesters with the fatty acids d vegetable origin predominantly C 18 (preferably rapeseed or sunflower fatty acids) or mixtures thereof, ethoxylated with approximately 20 units of ethylene oxide; the most preferred compound is the sorbitan trioleate ethoxylated with about 20 units of ethylene oxide.

The polyethylene glycol diesters preferably comprise from 10 to 20 units of ethylene oxide, the most preferred value being about 15 units of ethylene oxide. They are mainly based on one or more C 18 fatty acids, namely that the C 18 fatty acids represent more than 50 mol% of the fatty acids of the diesters, preferably more than 75%, the most preferred value being at least 90%; among the C18 fatty acids, it is preferred to use mainly oleic acid or isostearic acid, preferably for more than 75 mol% of the fatty acids in Cl 8. The preferred diesters are the diesters of PEG 600 (polyethylene glycol of nominal molecular weight equal to 600) with fatty acids of vegetable origin predominantly C18 (preferably rapeseed or sunflower fatty acids), PEG 600 diisostearate, and mixtures thereof.

The ethoxylated di- and triesters preferably represent from 15 to 25% by weight of the mixture, the most preferred value being approximately 20% by weight.

The triester of glycerol or of trimethylolpropane is preferably based on fatty acids of vegetable origin predominantly C8 to C12; C8, C10 acids and their mixtures are preferably used, a mixture in equal parts in moles being particularly preferred.

The usual additives and the concentrations to be used are well known to those skilled in the art. These usual additives essentially comprise at least one antistatic agent (to improve the antistatic power), generally present at a rate of 1 to 3% by weight of the composition, as well as at least one antioxidant agent (to prevent oxidation of the components during heat treatment operations) and at least one wetting agent (to promote spreading of the size on the fibers), generally present in an amount of less than 1% by weight of the composition.

The ingredients are chosen so that the viscosity of the compositions of the invention is preferably between 30 and 60 cSt at 20 ° C, the most preferred value being between 40 and 55 cSt at 20 ° C.

These compositions are used as winding oil for fibers of the polyester or polyamide type; they are particularly suitable for polyester type fibers.

The invention also relates to a process for winding polyester or polyamide type fibers in which a composition as described is used as winding oil. EXAMPLES

In the examples, the various properties were measured as follows:

Thin layer thermal stability

• 1 g of the product to be tested is placed on a 90 mm diameter glass fiber disc placed in a thermogravimetric device;

• the temperature is brought first to 50 ° C for 15 min, then to 180 ° C for 15 min;

• thermal stability is the difference between the weight after 15 min at 50 ° C and the weight after 15 min at 180 ° C, expressed in% of 1 g.

Coefficient of friction

• 167/48 FTF polyester wire is passed at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity on the polished steel wiper of an ROTHSCHILD F-meter device;

• one measures the tension of entry and the tension of exit of the wire using electronic tensiometers, and one deduces from it the coefficient of friction by the formula of friction of cord dΕytelwein.

Antistatic power

• using a ROTHSCHILD static voltmeter R-4021, measure the time taken by a measurement terminal, brought to 150 V, to discharge half through 10 x 10 cm wires and a terminal connected to earth , all at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity.

Washing test (weighing and drying at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity)

• a sample of approximately 10 g of polyester textile is weighed exactly

(at) ;

• approximately 0.5 g of size is deposited in the middle of the textile sample;

• leave to stand for 24 hours and then weigh the textile again (b);

• the sample is placed in the material holder of an ILMA washing device, the cup of which contains 200 ml of washing bath; • washing for 20 min at 20 ° C, in a neutral aqueous medium, without detergent, at the rate of 10 cycles / min of vertical movement of the sample in the cup;

• after spinning for 3 min, it is left to dry for 24 h before weighing the sample (c);

• the quantity of size removed by washing is expressed in% using the formula

100 [(b-a) / b- (c-a) / c] / [(b-a) / b]

Biodegradability

• the method used bears the reference C.E.C. L33 T82

Thermal stability on fibers.

A laboratory-sized winding apparatus having the following characteristics was used:

- manufacturer: Werner Mathis, Zurich (1973)

- model: T II

- drying zones: two (1.3 m each)

- outlet fan: Werner Mathis VZA 1 1993 (0.4 kW)

- grille: Werner Mathis VF 4073 (0.58 kW, 0.4- 15 m / min, 0.1 bar)

The polyester fiber is unwound through the calender, first passes over a lick roller system which applies the size, then through the two drying zones before being rewound. The operating conditions are as follows:

- temperature in the drying zones: 190 ° C

- drying time: 1.5 minutes size setting: 1% of the weight of fiber

The emission factor, expressed in g / g of textile, is calculated by making the ratio of the flow rate of the winding oil emitted (in g / h; concentration in air x air flow rate) over the flow rate of winding oil captured by the fiber (in kg / h). EXAMPLE 1

A composition was prepared comprising:

- 80 parts by weight of glycerol triester with a mixture of C8 and CIO fatty acids, with a viscosity of 16 mm2 / s at 40 ° C;

- 18 parts by weight of ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate (20 units of ethylene oxide), with a viscosity of 110 mm2 / s at 40 ° C;

- 2 parts by weight of additives (comprising an antistatic additive, an antioxidant additive and a wetting agent).

The composition had a viscosity of 50 cSt at 20 ° C. Its properties have been measured as winding oil; the values are given in table 1.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE A

The properties of the winding oil sold under the name Tallopol 7496 were measured (Tallopol is a trademark of the company Stockhausen, described in the publications by W. Dohrn et al. Cited above). The values are given in table 1.

TABLE 1

Property Ex. 1 Comp. Ex. A Non-sized wire

thermal stability 2.1% 2.9% (not applicable)

(thin layer) coefficient of friction 0.38 0.47 0.48 antistatic power 4 s 3 s 34 s washing test 86% 92% (not applicable) biodegradability 90% (not measured) (not applicable) thermal stability 0.8 g / kg (not measured) (not applicable)

(on fibers) Table 1 shows that the composition of Example 1 has better thermal stability and a better coefficient of friction than that of Comparative Example A, the antistatic and washing properties being able to be considered as equivalent.

Claims

1. Winding oil for polyester or polyamide type fibers comprising, in addition to the usual additives, essentially a mixture of: - 10 to 30% by weight of an ester A chosen from the group comprising ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, polyethylene glycol diesters and their mixtures, comprising from 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide and mainly based on one or more Cl 8 fatty acids; - 90 to 70% by weight of a compound B chosen from triesters of glycerol or trimethylolpropane with fatty acids chosen from the group comprising C8 to C12 fatty acids and their mixtures; winding oil having a viscosity of less than 70 cSt at 20 ° C. 2. Winding oil according to claim 1, in which the mixture comprises 15 to 25% by weight of compound A and 85 to 75% by weight of compound B. 3. Winding oil according to claim 2, in which the mixture comprises approximately 20% by weight of compound A and 80% by weight of compound B. 4. Coiling oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the C18 fatty acids represent more than 75 mol% of the fatty acids of the esters A. 5. Winding oil according to claim 4, in which the C18 fatty acids represent more than 90 mol% of the fatty acids of the esters A. 6. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which more than 75 mol% of the C18 fatty acids are oleic acid, isostearic acid or a mixture of these. 7. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the ethoxylated sorbitan triesters comprise from 15 to 25 units of ethylene oxide. 8. A winding oil according to claim 7, wherein wherein the ethoxylated sorbitan triesters comprise about 20 units of ethylene oxide. 9. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which a triester of sorbitan is used as compound A with fatty acids of mainly C18 vegetable origin, ethoxylated with approximately 20 units of ethylene oxide . 10. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the polyethylene glycol diesters comprise from 10 to 20 units of ethylene oxide. 11. A winding oil according to claim 10, wherein the polyethylene glycol diesters comprise about 15 units of ethylene oxide. 12. Coiling oil according to any one of claims 10 and 11, in which a compound of PEG 600 diester with fatty acids of vegetable origin predominantly Cl 8 is used, PEG 600 diisostearate, and their mixtures. 13. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 12, in which the compound B is based on fatty acids of vegetable origin mainly C8 to C12. 14. Winding oil according to claim 13, in which the fatty acids include capric acid, caprylic acid and their mixtures. 15. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 14, having a viscosity between 30 and 60 cSt at 20 ° C. 16. Winding oil according to any one of claims 1 to 15, having a viscosity between 40 and 50 cSt at 20 ° C. 17. Use as a winding oil for polyester or polyamide type fibers of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16. 18. Sizing process during the winding of polyester or polyamide type fibers, characterized in that a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is used as the winding oil.