EP1077280A1 - Thermostable coning oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The oil has a low viscosity and low evaporation loss when subjected to necessary thermal treatments of the fibres. The coning oil is a composition comprising :- -10 to 30% of an ester,A, consisting of a triester of ethoxylated sorbitan or a diester of polyethylene glycol or a mixture, comprising 10 - 30 ethylene oxide units and mainly based on one or more 18C fatty acids ; -90 to 70% of a compound, B, a triester of glycerol or trimethylolpropane with fatty acids from 8 - 12C compounds and their mixtures. The composition has a viscosity less than 70 cSt at 20 degrees C.

Description

The present invention relates to winding oil compositions for textile fibers. More particularly, it relates to compositions winding oils for polyester or polyamide fibers.

The compositions used as winding oils must have many properties. In addition to lubricating properties, they must protect metals from corrosion, evacuate electrical charges, and can be removed by washing the fiber. As part of protection of the environment, these compositions should also not give no pollution by evaporation during heat treatments carried out on the fibers, and that they have a high biodegradability (in particular for the fiber washing operation).

Document US-A-3834870 describes the use of fatty acid esters in C8-C20 with alcohols of formula R (OH) x (in which R is a radical C5-C20 alkyl and x = 1-5) as "coning oil" for polypropylene fibers.

The document EP-A-54953 describes a finishing oil ("spin finish") for synthetic fibers comprising (a) 50-90% of a thermal lubricant stable and (b) 10-50% of a compound of formula R-O- (Aa-Bb) H in which R is a C6-C14 alkyl radical, A is oxypropylene, B is oxyethylene, a = 4-15 and b = 5-10.

Document JP-A-55067069 describes a textile oil for polyester fiber comprising at least 50% of esters consisting mainly of esters fatty acids with an alkane trimethylol or pentaerythritol, the others components being esters of monoalcohols with fatty acids. Oil textile also contains non-ionic surfactants, agents antistatic, and anionic surfactants.

EP-A-288620 describes a process for treating fibers synthetics intended to undergo a severe heat treatment with (a) the ester of a polycarboxylic acid and an alcohol of formula R1R2CH-CH2-O- (AO) nH (with R1 and R2 = C4-C18 alkyl, AO = alkylene oxide in C2-C4 and n = 0-30) or (b) the ester of a polyhydric alcohol and an acid of formula R3R4CH-COOH (with R3 and R4 = C4-C18 alkyl).

• Melliand Int. (1998), (1), 8, 10;
• Melliand Textilber., (1998), 79(3), 130-1, E28-9;
• Melliand Int. (1996), (4), 180-4;
• Melliand Textilber., (1996), 77(11), 770-4, E171-1.

Several articles by W. Dohrn et al. describe a commercial product having in particular properties of resistance to evaporation ("low-emission"):

• Melliand Int. (1998), (1), 8, 10;
• Melliand Textilber., (1998), 79 (3), 130-1, E28-9;
• Melliand Int. (1996), (4), 180-4;
• Melliand Textilber., (1996), 77 (11), 770-4, E171-1.

There are sizes composed of emulsions or aqueous solutions, but the industrial use of these sizes is not reliable because of evaporation of water which increases the concentration and therefore the product viscosity; this results in significant variations and difficult to control the quantity of size taken up by the wires, in particularly in case of application of the size by a roller system lick.

However, the known compositions of anhydrous winding oils do not do not have sufficient thermal stability. By stability is meant thermal resistance of the composition of winding oils to evaporation during the necessary heat treatments of the fibers. The thermal stability is measured objectively by determining gravimetrically the amount of composition evaporated after treatment thermal under standardized conditions; it is expressed in g by kg of textile.

There is therefore a need for winding oil compositions having improved thermal stability.

An object of the invention is to provide oil composition of winding having improved thermal stability.

Another object of the invention is to provide oil composition for winding which, while retaining good properties, has stability improved thermal.

The object of the invention is also to provide oil composition for winding for polyester or polyamide fibers, having stability improved thermal.

• 10 à 30 % en poids d'un composé choisi dans le groupe comprenant les triesters de sorbitan éthoxylé, les diesters de polyéthylène glycol et leurs mélanges, comprenant de 10 à 30 unités d'oxyde d'éthylène, et dans lequel l'ester est majoritairement à base d'un ou plusieurs acides gras en C18;
• 90 à 70 % en poids d'un triester de glycérol ou de triméthylolpropane avec des acides gras choisis dans le groupe comprenant les acides en C8, C9, C10, C11, C12 et leurs mélanges;

les compositions ayant une viscosité inférieure à 70 cSt à 20°C.The compositions of the invention comprise, in addition to the usual additives, essentially a mixture of:

• 10 to 30% by weight of a compound chosen from the group comprising ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, polyethylene glycol diesters and their mixtures, comprising from 10 to 30 units of ethylene oxide, and in which the ester is mainly based on one or more C18 fatty acids;
• 90 to 70% by weight of a triester of glycerol or of trimethylolpropane with fatty acids chosen from the group comprising C8, C9, C10, C11, C12 acids and their mixtures;

compositions having a viscosity of less than 70 cSt at 20 ° C.

The ethoxylated sorbitan triesters preferably comprise from 15 to 25 ethylene oxide units, the most preferred being about 20 ethylene oxide units. They are mainly based on one or several C18 fatty acids, namely that C18 fatty acids represent more than 50 mol% of the fatty acids of the triesters, preferably more than 75%, the most preferred value being at least 90%; among the C18 fatty acids, it is preferred to use mainly the acid oleic or isostearic acid, preferably for more than 75 mol% C18 fatty acids. The preferred compounds are the triesters of sorbitan with fatty acids of vegetable origin mainly C18 (from preferably rapeseed or sunflower fatty acids) or mixtures thereof, ethoxylated with about 20 units of ethylene oxide; the most compound preferred is ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate with about 20 oxide units ethylene.

The polyethylene glycol diesters preferably comprise from 10 to 20 ethylene oxide units, the most preferred being about 15 ethylene oxide units. They are mainly based on one or several C18 fatty acids, namely that C18 fatty acids represent more than 50 mol% of the fatty acids of the diesters, preferably more than 75%, the most preferred value being at least 90%; among the C18 fatty acids, it is preferred to use mainly the acid oleic or isostearic acid, preferably for more than 75 mol% C18 fatty acids. The preferred diesters are the PEG 600 diesters (polyethylene glycol with nominal molecular weight equal to 600) with the fatty acids of vegetable origin mainly C18 (preferably rapeseed or sunflower fatty acids), PEG 600 diisostearate, and their mixtures.

The ethoxylated di- and triesters preferably represent from 15 to 25% by weight of the mixture, the most preferred value being about 20% by weight.

The glycerol or trimethylolpropane triester is preferably based fatty acids of vegetable origin mainly from C8 to C12; we use preferably C8, C10 acids and their mixtures, a separate mixture equal in moles being particularly preferred.

The usual additives and the concentrations to be used are well known to those skilled in the art. These common additives include essentially at least one antistatic agent (to improve potency antistatic), usually present at 1 to 3% by weight of the composition, as well as at least one antioxidant agent (to avoid oxidation of components during heat treatment operations) and at least one wetting agent (to promote spreading of the size on fibers), generally present at a level of less than 1% by weight of composition.

The ingredients are chosen so that the viscosity of the compositions of the invention is preferably between 30 and 60 cSt at 20 ° C, the most preferred value being between 40 and 55 cSt at 20 ° C.

These compositions are used as winding oil for fibers of polyester or polyamide type; they are particularly suitable for polyester fibers.

The invention also relates to a method of winding fibers of the type polyester or polyamide in which winding oil is used a composition as described.

EXAMPLES

In the examples, the various properties were measured as follows:

Thin layer thermal stability

• 1 g of the product to be tested is placed on a 90 mm glass fiber disc mm in diameter placed in a thermogravimetric device;
• the temperature is brought first to 50 ° C for 15 min, then to 180 ° C for 15 min;
• thermal stability is the difference between the weight after 15 min at 50 ° C and the weight after 15 min at 180 ° C, expressed in% of 1 g.

Coefficient of friction

• we pass at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity, a polyester thread 167/48 FTF on the polished steel wiper of an F-meter device ROTHSCHILD;
• the input voltage and the output voltage of the wire are measured using electronic tensiometers, and we deduce the coefficient of friction by Eytelwein's rope friction formula.

Antistatic power

• using a ROTHSCHILD R-4021 static voltmeter, the time taken by a measuring terminal, brought to 150 V, to discharge in half through 10 wires of 10 cm and a terminal connected to the ground, the everything at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity.

Washing test (weighing and drying at 20 ° C and 65% relative humidity)

• we weigh exactly a sample of about 10 g of polyester textile (at) ;
• approximately 0.5 g of size is deposited in the middle of the textile sample;
• it is left to stand for 24 hours and then the textile is weighed again (b);
• the sample is placed in the material holder of a washing machine ILMA, the cup of which contains 200 ml of washing bath;
• washed for 20 min at 20 ° C, in a neutral aqueous medium, without detergent, at a rate of 10 cycles / min of vertical movement of the sample in the well;
• after spinning for 3 min, it is left to dry for 24 h before weigh the sample (c);
• the quantity of size removed by washing is expressed in% using the formula 100 [(ba) / b- (ca) / c] / [(ba) / b]

Biodegradability

• the method used bears the reference C.E.C. L33 T82

Thermal stability on fibers.

• fabricant : Werner Mathis, Zurich (1973)
• modèle : T II
• zones de séchage : deux (1,3 m chacune)
• ventilateur de sortie : Werner Mathis VZA 11993 (0,4 kW)
• calandre : Werner Mathis VF 4073 (0,58 kW, 0,4-15 m/min, 0,1 bar)

A laboratory-sized winding apparatus having the following characteristics was used:

• manufacturer: Werner Mathis, Zurich (1973)
• model: T II
• drying zones: two (1.3 m each)
• outlet fan: Werner Mathis VZA 11993 (0.4 kW)
• grille: Werner Mathis VF 4073 (0.58 kW, 0.4-15 m / min, 0.1 bar)

• température dans les zones de séchage : 190°C
• temps de séchage : 1,5 minutes
• prise d'ensimage : 1% du poids de fibre

The polyester fiber is unwound through the calender, first passes through a lick roller system which applies the size, then through the two drying zones before being rewound. The operating conditions are as follows:

• temperature in the drying zones: 190 ° C
• drying time: 1.5 minutes
• size increase: 1% of the fiber weight

The emission factor, expressed in g / kg of textile, is calculated by making the ratio of the flow rate of the winding oil emitted (in g / h; concentration in air x air flow) on the winding oil flow captured by the fiber (in kg / h).

EXAMPLE 1

• 80 parties en poids de triester de glycérol avec un mélange d'acides gras en C8 et C10, d'une viscosité de 16 mm2/s à 40°C;
• 18 parties en poids de trioléate de sorbitan éthoxylé (20 unités d'oxyde d'éthylène), d'une viscosité de 110 mm2/s à 40°C;
• 2 parties en poids d'additifs (comprenant un additif antistatique, un additif antioxydant et un agent mouillant).

A composition was prepared comprising:

• 80 parts by weight of glycerol triester with a mixture of fatty acids C8 and C10, with a viscosity of 16 mm2 / s at 40 ° C;
• 18 parts by weight of ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate (20 units of ethylene oxide), with a viscosity of 110 mm2 / s at 40 ° C;
• 2 parts by weight of additives (comprising an antistatic additive, an antioxidant additive and a wetting agent).

The composition had a viscosity of 50 cSt at 20 ° C. We measured her properties as winding oil; the values are included in the table 1.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE A

The properties of the winding oil sold under the name Tallopol 7496 were measured (Tallopol is a trademark of the company Stockhausen, described in the publications by W. Dohrn et al. Cited above). The values are given in table 1. Property Ex. 1 E.g. comp. AT Wire not sized thermal stability (thin layer) 2.1% 2.9% (not applicable) coefficient of friction 0.38 0.47 0.48 antistatic power 4s 3s 34s washing test 86% 92% (not applicable) biodegradability 90% (not measured) (not applicable) thermal stability (on fibers) 0.8 g / kg (not measured) (not applicable)

Table 1 shows that the composition of Example 1 has better thermal stability and a better coefficient of friction than that of Comparative Example A, the antistatic and washing properties which can be considered equivalent.

Claims (18)

Winding oil for polyester or polyamide fibers comprising, in addition to the usual additives, essentially a mixture of: 10 to 30% by weight of an ester A chosen from the group comprising the ethoxylated sorbitan triesters, the polyethylene glycol diesters and their mixtures, comprising from 10 to 30 ethylene oxide units and mainly based on a or more C18 fatty acids; 90 to 70% by weight of a compound B chosen from glycerol or trimethylolpropane triesters with fatty acids chosen from the group comprising C8 to C12 fatty acids and their mixtures; winding oil having a viscosity of less than 70 cSt at 20 ° C. Winding oil according to claim 1, wherein the mixture comprises 15 to 25% by weight of compound A and 85 to 75% by weight of compound B. Winding oil according to claim 2, wherein the mixture comprises about 20% by weight of compound A and 80% by weight of compound B. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the C18 fatty acids represent more than 75 mol% fatty acids from esters A. Winding oil according to claim 4, wherein the fatty acids in C18 represent more than 90 mol% of the fatty acids of the esters A. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, in which more than 75 mol% of the C18 fatty acids are oleic acid, isostearic acid or a mixture thereof. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the ethoxylated sorbitan triesters comprise from 15 to 25 ethylene oxide units. Winding oil according to claim 7, wherein in which ethoxylated sorbitan triesters include about 20 oxide units ethylene. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which a triester of sorbitan is used as compound A with fatty acids of mainly C 18 plant origin, ethoxylated with about 20 units of ethylene oxide. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the polyethylene glycol diesters comprise from 10 to 20 ethylene oxide units. Winding oil according to claim 10, wherein the diesters of polyethylene glycol comprise about 15 units of ethylene oxide. Winding oil according to any one of claims 10 and 11, in which a compound of PEG 600 is used as compound A with fatty acids of plant origin mainly C18, diisostearate PEG 600, and their mixtures. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, in which compound B is based on fatty acids of vegetable origin mostly in C8 to C12. Winding oil according to claim 13, wherein in which fatty acids include capric acid, caprylic acid and their mixtures. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 14, having a viscosity between 30 and 60 cSt at 20 ° C. Winding oil according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, having a viscosity between 40 and 50 cSt at 20 ° C. Use as winding oil for polyester fibers or polyamide of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16. Sizing process when winding polyester type fibers or polyamide, characterized in that a winding oil is used composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16.