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WO2001088438A1 - Procede de destruction de substances nocives (variantes) - Google Patents

Procede de destruction de substances nocives (variantes) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001088438A1
WO2001088438A1 PCT/BY2001/000005 BY0100005W WO0188438A1 WO 2001088438 A1 WO2001088438 A1 WO 2001088438A1 BY 0100005 W BY0100005 W BY 0100005W WO 0188438 A1 WO0188438 A1 WO 0188438A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
node
unit
arc
sbορa
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BY2001/000005
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Vladimir Demianovich Shimanovich
Anatoli Ivanovich Zalatovsky
Igor Petrovich Smyaglikov
Nikolai Abramovich Savchenkov
Alfred Lvovich Mosse
Anatoly Pavlovich Nefedov
Sergei Mikhailovich Pankovets
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR AND ATOMIC PHYSICS OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS
Original Assignee
INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR AND ATOMIC PHYSICS OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR AND ATOMIC PHYSICS OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS filed Critical INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR AND ATOMIC PHYSICS OF NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS
Priority to AU2001252057A priority Critical patent/AU2001252057A1/en
Publication of WO2001088438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001088438A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/04—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/99005—Combustion techniques using plasma gas

Definitions

  • the area of the invention is not subject to damage to the environment. . PREVIOUS LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY
  • B ⁇ lsh ⁇ y Class ge ⁇ bitsid ⁇ v and ⁇ es ⁇ itsid ⁇ v ⁇ eds ⁇ avlyae ⁇ s ⁇ b ⁇ y ⁇ sh ⁇ vye ma ⁇ e ⁇ ialy, s ⁇ s ⁇ yaschie of chas ⁇ its ine ⁇ n ⁇ g ⁇ na ⁇ lni ⁇ elya (chas ⁇ - ⁇ a ⁇ lina) ads ⁇ bi ⁇ vann ⁇ g ⁇ on i ⁇ ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i a ⁇ ivn ⁇ g ⁇ vesches ⁇ va and ⁇ azlichny ⁇ s ⁇ etsialny ⁇ d ⁇ bav ⁇ .
  • Bulk for the filler may be 10-90%. At this temperature, the destruction of the active material is much lower than the temperature of the destruction of the foreign part. To neutralize such poisons, there is no need for full combustion or heating to a high temperature.
  • Plasma-chemical process must ensure effective mixing of raw materials with the carrier. Particles of finely dispersed raw materials in the plasma stream are obstructed due to the high speed and viscosity of the plasma, as well as to the associated pressure in the plasma. At present 2 the most significant results of plasma processing of materials are achieved by the use of multi-process electric products.
  • Izves ⁇ n ⁇ us ⁇ ys ⁇ v ⁇ for ⁇ b ⁇ ab ⁇ i ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v ( ⁇ .D. Shiman ⁇ vich, ⁇ .I. Z ⁇ l ⁇ vs ⁇ y and d ⁇ Us ⁇ an ⁇ v ⁇ a for vys ⁇ em ⁇ e ⁇ a ⁇ u ⁇ n ⁇ y ⁇ b ⁇ ab ⁇ i ⁇ ve ⁇ n ⁇ s ⁇ i ne ⁇ v ⁇ dyaschi ⁇ ma ⁇ e ⁇ ial ⁇ v with ⁇ yam ⁇ lineyn ⁇ y ⁇ b ⁇ azuyuschey Pa ⁇ en ⁇ y- anal ⁇ gi:..
  • the aforementioned device has a low productivity and requires a higher energy consumption. With a doubling total capacity of 90 kHz, the production rate is less than 5 kg / h, and the specific energy consumption of the raw material is 60 kg.
  • ⁇ me ⁇ g ⁇ us ⁇ ys ⁇ v ⁇ ⁇ ab ⁇ ae ⁇ ⁇ i b ⁇ lshi ⁇ ⁇ as ⁇ da ⁇ ⁇ lazm ⁇ b ⁇ azuyuscheg ⁇ gas - v ⁇ zdu ⁇ a ( ⁇ 1200 l / min), ch ⁇ ⁇ iv ⁇ di ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ vyshenn ⁇ mu ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ vaniyu v ⁇ ichny ⁇ ⁇ sin ⁇ v (S ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ .d.) for ney ⁇ alizatsii ⁇ y ⁇ d ⁇ lzhny ⁇ inima ⁇ sya d ⁇ lni ⁇ elnye me ⁇ y.
  • the low cost performance of the process is a low-cost device.
  • this device can be used to ensure a higher production rate with less energy.
  • the device does not provide a good operating cycle due to the inadvertent replacement of the failure unit.
  • the waste is also a high consumption of plasma and
  • the object of the claimed invention is the creation of a high-performance device for the destruction of household goods.
  • An additional task is the creation of a variant of the device for the destruction of foreign substances, which allows for the separation of low-volume active substances for the
  • the processed material can be connected to the generatrix of ultrasonic vibrations.
  • the unit of the anode unit does not require the use of protective gas, but the unit is used to process gas with a small discharge of gas (up to 50 l / min).
  • the posed problem is solved by the device, which directly contains the arc generatrix of the plasma separately
  • the anode unit is designed as a rotatable, water-cooled metal cylinder, the side is reversed, and the vehicle is protected against loss of sight.
  • 135 devices can have more than one unit for discharging solid components and the same number of unused units with a single convenient mechanism, which are located 5 ONE PROTECTIVE CAMERA.
  • One unit in such a device is common to all the other units.
  • the anode unit is equipped with an apparatus for removing 140 sediments from the processing of foreign substances settling on it.
  • the unit of the anode unit does not require the use of protective gas, but the unit is used to process gas with a small discharge of gas (up to 10 l / min).
  • FIG. 1 A general view of the equipment offered is on a budget basis ⁇ a ⁇ ig. 2 shows the scheme of using the basic elements of the device when the localization is performed in the form of two cylinders. 150 ⁇ a ⁇ ig. 3 A general view of the proposed device option is presented on a budget basis.
  • ⁇ a ⁇ ig. 4 gives a description of the device. 3 taken in section ⁇ - ⁇ .
  • Fig. 5 provides a schematic diagram of a device with a common anode unit for a larger than one unit for disassembling a hard disk and for a relatively small unit.
  • FIG. 1 Devices for the destruction of foreign substances (Fig. 1) contain an arc plasma generator with a separate dual unit 1 and a double one between two cylinders
  • the ring localization (hereinafter referred to as “the ring localization”), as well as the waste assembly of slag 8 and the unit for the subsequent processing of exhaust gases 9.
  • the original unit is self-propelled
  • a refrigerated screen 7 can be connected to an ultrasound generator 16.
  • the localization of the processed material 6 provides two electrically
  • slotted localization 170 parallel cylinders, with integral cylinders in the same unit and the arc, with the option of turning to the opposite direction 6 return-free rooms along the whole (hereinafter referred to as slotted localization) (Fig. 2).
  • the gap between the lateral rotations of the cylinders is adjustable in the range of 1-15 mm.
  • the device operates the following way.
  • the boot bunker 4 is filled with processed material and the shutdown is finished 12. After the shutdown of 12 is finished, the processor is turned on 13
  • the main electric discharge is between 10 and the anode cylinders 2.
  • the ignition is generated by a plasma discharge which generates a charge
  • a special source of food is used, consisting of two sources with a common source for supplying an auxiliary and main arc.
  • Stabilizing satellite 11 is used as an auxiliary power supply.
  • a separate circuit initiates a secondary arcing between stage 10 and a series 11, which, in turn, stimulates a large base After the arcing of the arc channel 17 of the main discharge between the cylinder 10 and the anode cylinders 2, the ignition source is switched off.
  • the diameter of the outlet and the height of the ring is 10–40 and 20–50 mm, respectively.
  • ADDITIONAL HEATING OF PARTICLES IS HAPPENED AND WITH THE CONTACT OF ANALOGUES OF ANALOGUE CYLINDERS.
  • 210 is available in more basic components. ⁇ ncha ⁇ elnaya ney ⁇ alizatsiya ⁇ dyaschi ⁇ gaz ⁇ v ⁇ is ⁇ di ⁇ node ⁇ sleduyuschey ⁇ b ⁇ ab ⁇ i 9. ⁇ s ⁇ a ⁇ chas ⁇ its being na ⁇ lni ⁇ elem unich ⁇ zhaem ⁇ g ⁇ yad ⁇ imi ⁇ a ⁇ a as ⁇ as ⁇ lavlenn ⁇ y s ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ b ⁇ azn ⁇ y mass na ⁇ a ⁇ livae ⁇ sya node sb ⁇ a shla ⁇ v 8.
  • a variant of the claimed device (Fig. 3) contains an arc plasma generator with a separate installed unit 1 and an anonymous unit 2, which is a problem for the patient
  • One unit 2 may be equipped with
  • the device operates the following way.
  • the main electrical discharge is between stage 10 and the anode cylinder 2.
  • the ignition of the discharge is produced by the plasma generated by the 10th
  • the arc path used is 100–700 ⁇ , the length of the arc channel is 100–200 mm.
  • the flow of the arc plasma is blown away from the surface of section 23, the fusion of the glass-forming circuit with the embedded particles of the filler.
  • Za ⁇ ve ⁇ devayuschie ⁇ a ⁇ li ⁇ as ⁇ lava ⁇ d deys ⁇ viem force ⁇ yazhes ⁇ i ⁇ adayu ⁇ in em ⁇ s ⁇ 21.
  • the efficiency of heating of section 23 of the available circuit depends on the angle of orientation to it from the unit and the linear speed of the room
  • ⁇ 5-40 units. If ⁇ ⁇ 5 °, then the heat transfer from the arc is not effective. If ⁇ > 40 °, then a strong dynamic arc direction leads to inadvertent disintegration of the alloy.
  • the most stable mode of operation of the device is implemented in a linear fashion.
  • the unit 1 is made in the form of a plugged-in water heater and a compliant gasket, which is compliant with 1
  • Unit 2 is supplied with two water-cooled copper cylinders with a diameter of 54 mm and a length of 200 mm;
  • the linear velocity of the movement of the lateral rotations of the same cylinders is ⁇ 1 m / s.
  • the expansion of the anode cylinders is continuous in the direction of the assembly of the assembly
  • One unit 2 is secured to a movable frame, while it is equipped with a large connecting rod and is free of charge.
  • the poison is harmful, and it is a bad, loose, ultra-distressing
  • the localized processed material is made in the form of a group 310 of 6 mm high 25 mm and an outlet with a water heater installed. 7
  • the mode of the arc generator of the plasma current strength - 300 ⁇ , voltage - 150 ⁇ , nitrogen discharge - 30 l / min.
  • the productivity of the device for neutralization is 25 kg / h;
  • EXAMPLE 2 The destruction of the poison is carried out with the help of the declared devices equipped with a slotted localization.
  • the gap between the lateral rotations of the cylinders is 5 mm.
  • the productivity of the device is 25 kg / h, which corresponds to the specific power consumption of the electric power supply on the processing unit ⁇ 6 kilojoules.
  • the unit 2 provides a free-cooling copper cylinder with a diameter of 90 mm and a length of 240 mm;
  • the linear speed of the movement of the lateral part of the anode is 1 m / s.
  • the unit for discharging solid waste 19 is comprised of a capacity for discharging slags 21, a central unit 22 with a diameter of 100 mm for the delivery of cable 23 of
  • the productivity of the device is 18 kg / h, which corresponds to the specific energy costs of the processing of the material is not ⁇ 4 kJ / g.
  • Example 4 360 Production of a glassy mass from a black sand.
  • Parameters of installation of a coke in an example 1 The furnace of particles of alloy more than 1500 ⁇ .
  • the productiveness of the device is 75 kg / h, which corresponds to the specific power consumption of the electric energy processing plant ⁇ 2 kilojoules / hour. 365
  • specific energy consumption and gas consumption were reduced by more than a dozen times, compared with a larger proportion of the increase in volume.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur la transformation de matériaux à hautes températures et peut être utilisée dans la destruction de substances nocives telles que des herbicides et des pesticides ayant subi une dégradation. Le dispositif de cette invention permettant de détruire les substances nocives comprend un générateur à arc plasma doté d'une cathode (1) et d'une anode (2) séparées se présentant sous forme de deux cylindres entre les surfaces latérales desquels est formé un vide ; une chambre de protection (3), un élément pour amener la substance dans le plasma, un élément pour récupérer le laitier (8) et un élément pour le traitement ultérieur des gaz d'échappement (9). La cathode représente un générateur de plasma doté d'une cathode tige (10) et d'un ajutage (11). Le matériau traité est acheminé dans un courant annulaire le long d'une colonne d'arc (17) et passe dans un détecteur (6). Les particules chauffent davantage lorsqu'elles viennent en contact avec les surfaces des cylindres de l'anode. En variante, le canal d'arc chauffe l'extrémité d'une tige conçue à partir d'une charge mixte de formation de verre pressé. Les produits solides de décomposition des substances nocives sont introduits dans la charge en fusion et éliminés pour le traitement suivant.
PCT/BY2001/000005 2000-04-28 2001-04-21 Procede de destruction de substances nocives (variantes) Ceased WO2001088438A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001252057A AU2001252057A1 (en) 2000-04-28 2001-04-21 Device for destroying hazardous substances (variants)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BY20000421 2000-04-28
BYA20000421 2000-04-28
BYA20010351 2001-04-13
BY20010351 2001-04-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001088438A1 true WO2001088438A1 (fr) 2001-11-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BY2001/000005 Ceased WO2001088438A1 (fr) 2000-04-28 2001-04-21 Procede de destruction de substances nocives (variantes)

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AU (1) AU2001252057A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001088438A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2494787C1 (ru) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-10 Сергей Владимирович Махов Способ упаривания жидких отходов

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780675A (en) * 1972-04-18 1973-12-25 Boardman Co Plasma arc refuse disintegrator
EP0290815A1 (fr) * 1987-05-04 1988-11-17 Retech, Inc. Appareil et procédé pour l'élimination des déchets dangereux à haute température
WO1989011775A1 (fr) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-30 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Or Reacteur a arc electrique
EP0636839A2 (fr) * 1993-07-28 1995-02-01 Retech, Inc. Réacteur pour la fusion et l'incinération de déchets avec refroidissement et conduction électrique améliorés
WO1996028693A1 (fr) * 1995-03-09 1996-09-19 Vance Murry A Systeme et procede d'elimination des dechets incandescents

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780675A (en) * 1972-04-18 1973-12-25 Boardman Co Plasma arc refuse disintegrator
EP0290815A1 (fr) * 1987-05-04 1988-11-17 Retech, Inc. Appareil et procédé pour l'élimination des déchets dangereux à haute température
WO1989011775A1 (fr) * 1988-05-17 1989-11-30 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Or Reacteur a arc electrique
EP0636839A2 (fr) * 1993-07-28 1995-02-01 Retech, Inc. Réacteur pour la fusion et l'incinération de déchets avec refroidissement et conduction électrique améliorés
WO1996028693A1 (fr) * 1995-03-09 1996-09-19 Vance Murry A Systeme et procede d'elimination des dechets incandescents

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2494787C1 (ru) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-10 Сергей Владимирович Махов Способ упаривания жидких отходов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001252057A1 (en) 2001-11-26

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