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WO2001078253A1 - Procede de traitement de signaux utilise avec un terminal dans un systeme de communication mobile amrc - Google Patents

Procede de traitement de signaux utilise avec un terminal dans un systeme de communication mobile amrc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001078253A1
WO2001078253A1 PCT/CN2001/000134 CN0100134W WO0178253A1 WO 2001078253 A1 WO2001078253 A1 WO 2001078253A1 CN 0100134 W CN0100134 W CN 0100134W WO 0178253 A1 WO0178253 A1 WO 0178253A1
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Prior art keywords
formula
multiple access
mobile communication
terminal device
division multiple
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PCT/CN2001/000134
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Feng Li
Yusong He
Tiezhu Xu
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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China Academy of Telecommunications Technology CATT
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Priority to AU39093/01A priority Critical patent/AU777703B2/en
Priority to EP01913466A priority patent/EP1274179B1/en
Priority to BRPI0110018-1A priority patent/BRPI0110018B1/pt
Priority to MXPA02010041A priority patent/MXPA02010041A/es
Priority to CA002405682A priority patent/CA2405682C/en
Priority to JP2001574999A priority patent/JP4705303B2/ja
Priority to DE2001628557 priority patent/DE60128557T2/de
Publication of WO2001078253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001078253A1/zh
Priority to US10/268,349 priority patent/US6961365B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H04B1/7097Interference-related aspects
    • H04B1/7103Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
    • H04B1/7105Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular mobile communication technology, and more particularly to a signal detection and processing method for a terminal device end in a code division multiple access (CDMA) spread spectrum cellular mobile communication system.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • both the base station and the terminal equipment can be used.
  • the time-domain diversity method improves system performance, and uses a joint detection algorithm as a basic signal detection method to eliminate the effects of multiple access interference (MAI) and inter-symbol interference (ISI).
  • MAI multiple access interference
  • ISI inter-symbol interference
  • smart antenna technology can be used to use multiple antennas to receive at the same time to obtain spatial diversity gain, and use the corresponding beam synthesis algorithm to improve the reception sensitivity (or understandably reduce interference at the same time And white noise suppression); but at the terminal device (UE) side, in order to reduce cost and size, usually only a single antenna can be used for reception, because it is not convenient to use multiple antennas for simultaneous reception, that is, through space Diversity eliminates co-channel interference and thermal noise, resulting in mismatches between the uplink and downlink receive gains.
  • the joint detection algorithm can estimate the multipath and multiple access interference for all users in the cell, at the base station side, the multipath and multiple access for users in the cell Interference can be suppressed to the greatest extent.
  • the joint detection algorithm It is impossible to estimate and eliminate user signals from neighboring co-frequency cells. These signals are equivalent to the noise added to the system, which significantly reduces the system performance, and the noise figure of the receiver also limits the reception sensitivity. Without proper signal processing methods, the bit error rate of the received signal will increase significantly, and even cause communication interruption.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to design a signal processing method for a terminal device in a code division multiple access mobile communication system, which can improve the diversity gain of a terminal device (receiver).
  • a terminal device receiveiver
  • it can solve the problem of uplink and downlink performance. Matching problem, and the purpose of co-frequency multiplexing can be achieved without greatly increasing the amount of calculation. Applying the same method to a base station can also improve the reception gain.
  • a signal processing method at a terminal device end in a code division multiple access mobile communication system is characterized by: a method combining time domain diversity and joint detection.
  • the method for combining time-domain diversity and joint detection includes the following steps:
  • a system matrix A is composed of M matrices
  • the method for combining time-domain diversity and joint detection of the present invention is to use an optimization algorithm and use the diversity gain obtained in the time-domain to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received by the terminal device.
  • the signal processing method of the terminal equipment (UE) end of the present invention is a method combining time domain diversity and joint detection, which can be used in a CDMA spread spectrum cellular mobile communication system without greatly increasing the computational complexity.
  • Terminal equipment (UE) end to obtain diversity gain, improve receiver sensitivity and increase system capacity, solve the problem of mismatch between uplink and downlink performance of mobile terminals, and due to the introduction of time domain diversity, a relatively simple joint detection algorithm can be used in the total calculation In the case where the amount is not increased, the method has stronger anti-interference performance than simply using the joint detection algorithm.
  • the method of the present invention can also be applied to the base station to improve the reception gain. Brief description of the drawings
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the principle of the joint detection algorithm.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a burst data structure in a time division duplex code division multiple access (CDMA TDD) mobile communication system.
  • CDMA TDD time division duplex code division multiple access
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow block diagram of a method combining time domain diversity and joint detection according to the present invention. Mode of Carrying Out the Invention
  • the embodiment takes a time division-synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) system "proposed by the China Wireless Communications Standards Group (CWTS) and has become one of the international IMT-2000 wireless transmission technologies (RTT)" as an example to illustrate the invention technology.
  • TD-SCDMA time division-synchronous code division multiple access
  • CWTS China Wireless Communications Standards Group
  • RTT wireless transmission technologies
  • FIG. 1 the figure shows the implementation steps of a joint detection algorithm in a TD-SCDMA system. Assuming that the original data sent is d, the effects of spread spectrum, scrambling, and air channels are represented by a system matrix A, and the inter-frequency neighboring inter-cell interference and thermal noise are represented by n, then the data received by the terminal device (receiver) e can be expressed by:
  • Step 1 in FIG. 1 indicates that the impulse response estimate Ai of the air channel is obtained from the received sample data e ; .
  • a training sequence midamble for channel estimation is defined. As shown in FIG. 2, it is in a slot width (usually hundreds of microseconds, 675us shown in the figure), the middle and the middle of the training sequence (Midamble, shown in the figure is 144 chips in length) are preceded and followed by data symbols (Data symbols, shown in the figure, whose length is 352 chips).
  • mi represent the training sequence midcode sent by user i
  • e mid represents the received training sequence midamble
  • n m represents the noise interference received by the training sequence midamble
  • the channel impulse response estimate h i can be obtained by formula (3) :
  • the G matrix in formula (3) is a coefficient matrix generated by the midamble of each user training sequence.
  • Steps 1 and 2 in FIG. 1 respectively represent the estimation of the air channel impulse response at the terminal device and generate the system in formula (1) based on the obtained ⁇ and the spreading code of the user of the terminal device.
  • the process of the matrix (the generation technology of which has been applied for an invention patent by the applicant).
  • Step 3 in FIG. 1 represents a specific implementation method of the joint detection, that is, to evaluate the transmitted signal, and there can be multiple algorithms for realizing the estimation result d est , including:
  • the method of combining time-domain diversity and joint detection in the present invention is composed of the following steps:
  • the terminal device the received signal for the first e i e the sample data samples in the time domain;
  • the judgment is performed according to the sign of m , and the original transmission data is recovered.
  • the calculation process of formula (6) can achieve the effect of increasing the diversity gain, but at the same time, the calculation amount is also increased by M times.
  • the present invention adopts the following method.
  • the method combining the time-domain diversity and joint detection proposed by the technology of the present invention can solve the problem of mismatch between the uplink and downlink receiving gains without substantially increasing the amount of computation, and improve the terminal.
  • the receiving signal-to-noise ratio at the device (UE) end thereby achieving the purpose of achieving the same frequency reuse in adjacent cells in a code division multiple access (CDMA) spread-spectrum cellular mobile communication system without reducing communication quality.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • the embodiment of the method of the present invention is designed based on a terminal equipment (UE) of a time division-synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) system, it can also be directly used for other operations in a time division duplex (TDD) mode.
  • a CDMA system such as UTRA TDD, another CDMA TDD system of IMT-2000, can also be directly used in a wireless base station (BTS) of a CDMA TDD system. With appropriate modification, it can also be used in user terminal equipment (UE) and wireless base station equipment (BTS) of other code division multiple access mobile communication systems using joint detection algorithms.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Description

码分多址移动通信系统中终端设备端的一种信号处理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种码分多址(CDMA )蜂窝移动通信技术, 更确切地说是涉及 一种码分多址(CDMA )扩频蜂窝移动通信系统中终端设备端的信号检测、 处理 方法, 是一种时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法。 发明背景
在 CDMA扩频蜂窝移动通信系统特别是在时分双工 (TDD )码分多址移动通 信系统中, 为克服多径和多址的影响, 从原理上说, 基站端和终端设备端均可 采用时域分集的方法提高系统性能, 和采用联合检测算法作为基本的信号检测 方法来消除多址干扰(MAI )和码间干扰(ISI ) 的影响。 从具体操作上说, 在 基站 (BTS ) 端, 可以采用智能天线技术, 利用多根天线同时接收, 获得空间 分集增益, 和使用相应波束合成算法来提高接收灵敏度(或可理解为同时降低 了干扰和对白噪声起到抑制作用); 但在终端设备(UE )端, 为降低成本和减 小体积, 通常只能采用单根天线进行接收, 由于不便采用多根天线同时接收的 技术, 即通过空间分集对同频干扰和热噪声进行消除, 从而导致上、 下行的接 收增益不匹配。
特别是在采用联合检测算法的 CDMA扩频蜂窝移动通信系统中, 由于联合 检测算法可以估计出本小区所有用户的多径和多址干扰, 所以在基站端, 本小 区用户的多径和多址干扰可以最大限度的被抑制; 而在终端设备(UE )端, 虽 然也可以采用联合检测算法最大限度地抑制来自本小区的多径和多址干扰, 但 对于处于小区边缘的用户, 联合检测算法将无法估计出来自邻近同频小区的用 户信号并将其消除掉, 这些信号相当于噪声加在了系统中, 使系统性能显著下 降, 且接收机的噪声系数也限制了接收灵敏度, 此时如果不采用合适的信号处 理方法, 接收信号的误码率将显著提高, 甚至导致通讯中断。
虽然可以采用功率控制和智能天线的算法, 以最大程度地抑制来自相邻小 区的干扰, 但如果不采取恰当的方法来提高终端设备(UE ) 的接收增益, 通讯 质量仍会严重下降甚至导致通信中断。 为达到 CDMA扩频蜂窝移动通信系统同 频复用的目标, 只能减少被同时激活的工作码道来保证终端设备( UE )在小区 交界处的通讯, 这样将导致系统实际容量减小。 发明内容
为解决上述问题, 有必要提出一种适合于终端设备(UE )端的基带处理方 法。
本发明的目的是设计一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设备端的信号处理 方法, 可提高终端设备(接收机) 的分集增益, 当应用于移动终端中时, 可解 决上、 下行性能不匹配的问题, 且不必大幅度提高计算量就可达到同频复用的 目的, 将同样的方法应用于基站中也可提高接收增益。
实现本发明目的的技术方案是这样的: 码分多址移动通信系统中终端设备 端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 是一种将时域分集与联合检测相结合的 方法。
所述的时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法, 包括以下步骤:
A.对接收信号在时域上进行多倍速 M次采样, 得到 M个采样数据 ei ;
B.对每次采样获得的每个采样数据 e;进行空间信道沖激响应估值, 获得 M 个空间信道冲激响应估值 hi;
C.由获得的每个空间信道冲激响应估值 得到 M个矩阵 Ai ;
D.由 M个矩阵 组合成一个系统矩阵 A;
E.才艮据系统矩阵 A完成联合检测算法, 获得对原始发送数据的估值 dest , i=l ... ... M。
所述的获得空间信道冲激响应估值 hi,是先利用公式 emi d= 再由 公式
Figure imgf000004_0001
是终端设备用户接收到的训练序列中间码, G是由终端设备用户训练序列中间码生成的系数矩阵, in;是第 i终端设备用户 发送的训练序列中间码, nra表示训练序列中间码部分受到的噪声干扰。 所述的获得对原始发送数据的估值(1^是根据采样数据 e和系统矩阵 A来 估计的, 包括采用公式 dest=(diag(A*TA)广1 A*Te或者公式 dest = (A*TA) - *½。
所述的由 M个矩阵 Ai组合成一个系统矩阵 A是采用如下公式进行的, 包 括 : Asura= (A(,A2 T … A V 和 e議 =(« ... )τ , 并 利 用 公 式 顯对
Figure imgf000005_0001
原始发送数据估值。
本发明的将时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法是采用优化算法, 利用时域 上获得的分集增益, 来提高终端设备接收信号的信噪比。
本发明的终端设备(UE)端的信号处理方法是一种将时域分集与联合检测 相结合的方法, 在并未大幅度提升计算复杂度的情况下, 可使 CDMA扩频蜂窝 移动通信系统中的终端设备(UE)端获得分集增益, 提高接收机灵敏度和增加 系统容量, 解决移动终端上下行性能不匹配问题, 而且由于引进了时域分集, 可以使用相对简单的联合检测算法, 在总计算量不增加的情况下, 比单纯使用 联合检测算法有更强的抗干扰性能, 本发明的方法也可应用于基站端以提高接 收增益。 附图简要说明
图 1是联合检测算法原理流程框示意图。
图 2是时分双工码分多址(CDMA TDD)移动通信系统中的突发数据结构示 意图。
图 3是本发明时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法流程框示意图。 实施本发明的方式
下面结合实施例及附图进一步说明本发明的技术。
实施例以时分-同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA) 系统《由中国无线通信标准组 ( CWTS )提出并已成为国际上 IMT-2000无线传输技术(RTT)之一》 为例说明本 发明的技术。 参见图 1, 图中示出 TD-SCDMA 系统中联合检测算法的实现步骤。 假设发 送的原始数据为 d, 将扩谱、 加扰和空中信道的作用用一个系统矩阵 A表示, 同频邻近小区间干扰和热噪声用 n表示, 那么终端设备(接收机 )接收到的数 据 e可以用下式表示:
e=Ad+n ......公式( 1 )
图 1 中的步骤 1表示从接收的采样数据 e;中求取空中信道的沖激响应估 值 Ai。 在 TD-SCDMA系统突发(burst ) 结构中定义了用于信道估计的训练序列 中间码(Midamble), 如图 2 中所示, 是处在一个时隙宽度中 (通常为数百微 秒,如图中所示的 675us ),训练序列中间码(Midamble, 图中所示其长度为 144 码片) 的前后为数据符号 (Data symbols, 图中所示其长度为 352 码片)。 用 mi代表用户 i发送的训练序列中间码(Midamble), emid表示接收到的训练序列 中间码 (Midamble), nm表示训练序列中间码 (Midamble )部分受到的噪声干 扰, 则有下式:
emid
Figure imgf000006_0001
...公式(2) 式中的 ®号表示卷积。
在终端设备接收端可以用公式(3)求得信道冲激响应估值 hi:
; = ~ ι.ά……公式(3)
公式(3) 中的 G 矩阵是由各用户训练序列中间码(Midamble)生成的一 个系数矩阵。
图 1中的步骤 1和步骤 2分别表示的是在终端设备端求得空中信道冲激响 应估值 ^和根据求得的 ^和该终端设备用户的扩频码来生成公式( 1 ) 中系统 矩阵 的过程 (其生成技术已由本申请人另案申请发明专利)。
联合检测的目的就是根据 e和 A来估计 d, 附图 1中的步骤 3表示联合检 测的具体实现方法, 即对发送信号进行估值, 实现估值结果 dest可以有多种算 法, 包括:
dest=(diag(A*TA)广1 A*Te ......公式 (4) 或者
dest =(A*TA广1 A*Te ……公式( 5 )
等等 (式中符号 T 是矩阵倒置符号, *是求共轭, diag 是取对角阵符号)。 以 下以公式(5)表示的具体算法为例来说明时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法。
参见附图 3, 本发明中时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法由以下步骤组 成:
1) 终端设备在时域上对接收信号 e进行第 i次采样获得采样数据 e;;
2) 根据采样数据 进行空间信道冲激响应估值, 空间信道冲激响应估 值 hi;
3) 由求得的空间信道冲激响应估值 ^得到矩阵 Ai;
4) 重复执行步骤 1), 2), 3), 共 M次, 即接收信号经过 M次采样后得 到的采样数据可以用 i=l ...M 来表示, 接收数据中对应训练序列中间码
(Midamble) 的部分可以表示为 i=l...M, 根据公式(3) , 接收数据经 Μ次采样,可以获得 Μ个空间信道冲激响应估值 i=l...M, 根据这 M个空 间信道沖激响应估值 可以得到 M个矩阵 A; i=l〜M,
5) 用 M个 组合成系统矩阵 ;
6) 根据系统矩阵 完成联合检测算法, 获得对原始的发送数据的估值, 如果简单地只^^据公式(4)计算, 可得到 M个对发送信号的估值 ^ i=l... M; 然后对这 M个估值 进行如下的处理:
M M
d =2 =∑(Α*ΓΑ)- ……公式( 6 )
ϊ=1 ι'=1
根据 m的符号进行判决, 恢复出原始发送数据。 由公式(6)运算过程 能达到提高分集增益的作用, 但同时运算量也增大了 M倍。 为了达到既能提高 分集增益, 又尽量不提高运算量的目的, 本发明采用了如下办法,
令 ··
Figure imgf000007_0001
... AM TY ……公式 (7)
e =(«... )τ ……公式 (8) 则对原始发送数据的估值可以表示如下-. dest= (| VA ) ... ...公式( 9 ) 比较公式(6)和公式(9) , 可以看出公式(9)大大减少了运算量较大的矩阵 求逆计算, 因此总体运算量与公式(6)代表的方法相比较大为降低。
在采样次数 M较大时, 可以采用公式(4)表示的联合检测方法与时域分集 相结合的方法, 即: desl - (diag(∑: rA,.))H ……公式 ( 10 ) 公式(10)的运算量比公式(9 ) 的运算量更低, 而且在 M取值合适时, 其 运算量将近似于公式(5 ) 的运算量, 但其性能将超过公式(5 ) 的运算结果。
通过以上分析可以看出, 采用本发明技术所提出的时域分集和联合检测相 结合的方法, 可以在基本上不增加运算量的情况下, 解决上、 下行接收增益不 匹配的问题, 提高终端设备(UE )端的接收信噪比, 从而达到在不降低通信质 量的情况下, 在码分多址(CDMA )扩频蜂窝移动通信系统中的相邻小区实现同 频复用的目的。
虽然, 本发明方法的实施例是基于时分-同步码分多址(TD-SCDMA ) 系统 的终端设备(UE )设计的, 但也可直接使用于其它在时分双工 (TDD ) 方式下 工作的 CDMA系统, 如 IMT-2000的另一种 CDMA TDD系统- UTRA TDD, 也可以 直接使用于 CDMA TDD系统的无线基站(BTS)中。 通过适当的修改还完全可以用 在其他采用联合检测算法的码分多址移动通信系统的用户终端设备 (UE)和无线 基站设备 (BTS)中。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设备端的一种信号处理方 法, 其特征在于: 是一种将时域分集与联合检测相结合的方法。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的将时域分集与联合 检测相结合的方法, 包括以下步骤:
A.对接收信号在时域上进行多倍速 M次采样, 得到 M个采样数 据 e;;
B.对每次采样获得的每个采样数据 ei进行空间信道冲激响应估 值, 获得 M个空间信道冲激响应估值 hi ;
C.由获得的每个空间信道冲激响应估值 得到 M个矩阵 Ai ;
D.由 M个矩阵 A;组合成一个系统矩阵 A;
E.根据系统矩阵 A 完成联合检测算法, 获得对原始发送数据的 估值 dest , i=l…… M。
3.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的获得空间信道冲激 响应估值 是先利用公式 完
Figure imgf000009_0001
成的, 式中的 eraid是终端设备用户接收到的训练序列中间码, G是由 终端设备用户训练序列中间码生成的系数矩阵, 是第 i 终端设备 用户发送的训练序列中间码, 表示训练序列中间码部分受到的噪 声干扰。
4.根据权利要求 1 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的获得对原始发送数 据的估值 d是根据采样数据 e和系统矩阵 A来估计的。
5.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的根据采样数据 e 和 系统矩阵 A 来估计原始发送数据的估值 d, 包括采用公式 des = (diag (A*TA) ) ^A^e或者公式 dest = (A*TA) -
6.根据权利要求 4 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的 ^艮据采样数据 e 和 系统矩阵 A来估计原始发送数据的估值 d, 包括: Asum= (Α[,Α … ΑΜ Τ )Ί 和 esum=(ei r, 〜 )T, 并利用公式 dest=(|^VA) _'0 或在 M
(=1 较大时采用公式 , = (diag(∑ 0 对原始发送数据估值。
7.根据权利要求 2 所述的一种码分多址移动通信系统中终端设 备端的一种信号处理方法, 其特征在于: 所述的由 Μ个矩阵 组合 成一个系统矩阵 A 是采用如下公式进行的, 包括: Asura= )Τ和 e誦 =(«— )τ, 并利用公式 desi=( ) 謂或 在 M较大时采用公式 , ^^^(!^ ,.))-1^^对原始发送数据估
(=1 值。
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BRPI0110018-1A BRPI0110018B1 (pt) 2000-04-11 2001-02-20 Método para processamento de sinal no equipamento do usuário de sistema de comunicação móvel cdma
MXPA02010041A MXPA02010041A (es) 2000-04-11 2001-02-20 Un metodo para el procesamiento de senales que se utilizan en un dispositivo terminal de un sistema de comunicaciones movil de acceso por division de codigo.
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