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WO1999036922A1 - Procede et installation pour la production d'un gaz d'inertage a injecter dans une enceinte, et installation nucleaire - Google Patents

Procede et installation pour la production d'un gaz d'inertage a injecter dans une enceinte, et installation nucleaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999036922A1
WO1999036922A1 PCT/DE1999/000030 DE9900030W WO9936922A1 WO 1999036922 A1 WO1999036922 A1 WO 1999036922A1 DE 9900030 W DE9900030 W DE 9900030W WO 9936922 A1 WO9936922 A1 WO 9936922A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carrier material
activating agent
inerting gas
solvent
store
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1999/000030
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Blase
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP99907234A priority Critical patent/EP1046175A1/fr
Priority to KR1020007007690A priority patent/KR20010034081A/ko
Priority to JP2000540545A priority patent/JP2002509261A/ja
Publication of WO1999036922A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999036922A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
    • G21C9/04—Means for suppressing fires ; Earthquake protection
    • G21C9/06—Means for preventing accumulation of explosives gases, e.g. recombiners
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating an inerting gas for feeding into a container, in particular into a safety container of a nuclear facility. It also relates to a nuclear facility suitable for carrying out the method.
  • Various devices or methods are discussed to prevent the formation of such gas mixtures in the containment of a nuclear power plant. These include, for example, devices such as catalytic recombmers, catalytically and electrically operated ignition devices or the combination of the two aforementioned devices, as well as methods for permanent or subsequent inerting of the containment.
  • a non-reactive gas such as nitrogen (N 2 ) or carbon dioxide (C0 2 )
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • C0 2 carbon dioxide
  • the inert gas can be fed in via branched nozzle systems or conventional gas feed systems with an integrated oil burner or gas burner evaporator system.
  • Other variants are based on a liquid gas feed, due to the lack of evaporation energy from the atmosphere of a containment an infeed in a water sump is also provided within the containment.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for producing an inerting gas for feeding into a container, which ensures high reliability with particularly low structural outlay.
  • a system that is particularly suitable for carrying out the method is to be specified.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that a carrier material, to which the inerting gas is chemically bound, is reacted with an activating agent.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that a high level of structural complexity in a concept for generating an inerting gas, in particular by providing the Inerting gas is caused under high pressure, as is the case, for example, in storage in liquefied or solidified form.
  • a particularly low construction effort can be achieved by keeping the inerting gas unpressurized.
  • the inerting gas is provided in a chemically bound form. If necessary, the inerting gas is released by the reaction of the carrier material with the activating agent and is therefore available for feeding into the container.
  • an activation liquid is preferably provided as the activation agent.
  • the activating agent is advantageously fed to the carrier material at a temperature which is higher than the ambient temperature, preferably at a temperature of approximately 100.degree. Reliable feeding of particularly large quantities of inerting gas into the container is also guaranteed in a comparatively short time.
  • a carbonate preferably sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC0 3 ) is advantageously provided as the carrier material for generating carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) as the inerting gas.
  • An acid is expediently provided as the activating agent.
  • a three-proton acid such as, for example, phosphoric acid (H 3 P0 4 ) or preferably citric acid (C 6 H 8 0 7 ), is expediently used.
  • the activating agent can be provided in a form which is directly reactive with the carrier material. For example, pressure-free storage of a three-proton acid in liquid form can be provided.
  • the activating agent is formed immediately before its reaction with the carrier material by dissolving a starting substance in a solvent.
  • Water is preferably provided as the solvent.
  • citric acid is used as the activating agent, a number of compacts or pellets of citric acid can be kept as the starting substance, which are soluble in water as a solvent.
  • Both the solvent and the starting substance can be stored in a particularly simple form.
  • the starting substance can be stored together with the carrier material in solid form in the manner of a pellet mixture.
  • the solvent is supplied to the starting substance at a temperature which is higher than the ambient temperature, preferably at a temperature of approximately 100 ° C., for a particularly high reaction rate.
  • the solvent is circulated in such a way that the starting substance is flowed through several times.
  • the stated object is achieved according to the invention with a first store in which a carrier material is stored in which the inerting gas is chemically bound and with a device for providing an activating agent.
  • the first store provided for holding a carrier material is expediently designed for pressure-free storage, in particular with regard to the dimensioning of its structural components or components.
  • the carrier material is advantageously stronger Form, for example in the form of compacts or pellets.
  • the device for providing the activation means advantageously comprises a number of spray nozzles arranged within the first reservoir.
  • the activation means can be brought into contact with the carrier material in a particularly reliable manner and with a particularly high degree of efficiency. A particularly high reaction rate can thus be achieved when the inerting gas is released.
  • the first store is connected to a heatable second store for the activating agent or for a solvent.
  • the activating agent or the solvent can be stored in the second store at a temperature which is higher than that of the environment, so that, if necessary, the generation of the inerting gas can be achieved at a particularly high reaction rate.
  • the first store is advantageously switched into one circulation of the activating agent or the solvent.
  • a compressed air diaphragm pump is connected into the circulation.
  • a compressed air diaphragm pump is therefore particularly suitable for use in the system for generating the inerting gas.
  • the plant for generating the inerting gas is used in a nuclear plant.
  • a nuclear plant There is an in the nuclear plant for the generation of an inert gas as required
  • Carrier material in which the inerting gas is chemically bound.
  • the carrier material is advantageously kept in solid form, preferably in the form of pellets.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the provision of a carrier material in which the inert gas to be generated is chemically bound enables pressure-free storage of the carrier material.
  • the parts and components required for the storage of the carrier material can accordingly be carried out simply and with little construction effort.
  • reliable generation of the inerting gas as required by chemical reaction is ensured.
  • Passive components can be used to a large extent, so that such a concept also meets comparatively strict safety requirements.
  • the carrier material can in particular be kept in solid form, preferably in the form of compacts or pellets.
  • the starting substance used in the production of the activating agent can also be in solid form and, for example, can be stored together with the carrier material in a single memory.
  • only the storage of, for example, water as a solvent for the starting substance is then required. The constructional and equipment expenditure for storage is therefore particularly low.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system for generating an inerting gas
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative system for generating an inerting gas
  • Figure 3 shows another alternative system for generating an inerting gas
  • Figure 4 shows a memory with a device for providing an activation agent.
  • Plant 1 according to FIG. 1 is provided for the generation of an inerting gas I as required for feeding into the safety container 2 of a nuclear plant 4.
  • the system 1 comprises a first memory 6, in which a carrier material T is held.
  • Inerting gas I is chemically bound in carrier material T.
  • carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) is provided as the inerting gas I. This is chemically bound in solid form or as pellets of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC0 3 ) as the carrier material T.
  • any other alkali carbonate or an alkali hydrogen carbonate can be provided as the carrier material T for carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) as the inerting gas I.
  • the use of a carboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid (such as oxalic acid) or another suitable chemical compound as the carrier material T is also possible.
  • the first store 6 is connected via a line system 12 to the safety container 2 or the containment of the nuclear installation 4.
  • the line system 12 comprises a main line 16 which can be shut off by a valve arrangement 14 and is connected on the input side to the first store 6.
  • the main line 16 is within the A droplet separator 22 is arranged upstream of the first reservoir 6.
  • the main line 16 opens on the output side into a jet apparatus 26 arranged within the safety container 2 or containments of the nuclear installation 4.
  • the system 1 further comprises a device 30 for providing an activating agent A which, upon reaction with the carrier material T, releases the inerting gas I bound therein.
  • the device 30 comprises a number of arranged within the first memory 6
  • Spray nozzles 32 are connected to a second reservoir 36 via a line system 34 which can be shut off with a valve 33.
  • the second memory 36 can be heated and thermally insulated via a heating device 38.
  • the device 30 is designed in such a way that activation agent A held in the second store 36 can be introduced into the first store 6 via the line system 34 and the spray nozzles 32.
  • An activating agent A in particular when using an alkali carbonate or an alkali hydrogen carbonate as carrier material T, can be an acid, such as sulfuric acid (H 2 S0 4 ), hydrochloric acid (HC1) or nitric acid (HN0 3 ), which is provided in the second store 36 is kept in liquid form.
  • a three-pronged acid such as phosphoric acid (H 3 P0 4 ), is provided.
  • the second store 36 can be acted upon by an overpressure via a pressure system 40.
  • the pressure system 40 comprises a pressure accumulator 42 which is connected to the second accumulator 36 via a gas line 46 which can be shut off with a valve 44.
  • a number of pressure bottles are provided as the pressure accumulator 42, in which a compressed gas is stored under high pressure in a known manner.
  • the first memory 6 of the system 1 is connected to a circuit 50 of the activation agent A.
  • an outlet line 52 is connected to the first reservoir 6 and is connected via a return line 54 to the spray nozzles 32 arranged within the first reservoir 6.
  • a compressed air diaphragm pump 58 which can be driven via the pressure system 40 is connected in order to convey the activating agent A in circulation 50.
  • the circulation 50 is designed in such a way that the carrier material T held in the first store 6 can be flowed through multiple times by the activating agent A.
  • the inerting gas I is generated in the system 1 in FIG. 1 by reacting the carrier material T, in which the inerting gas I is chemically bound, with the activating agent A.
  • an overpressure is impressed on the second memory 36 via the printing system 40.
  • the three-protonic acid held in the second reservoir 36 as activating agent A without pressure is introduced into the first reservoir 6 via the spray nozzles 32 after opening the valve 33.
  • the acid provided as activating agent A passes through the sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC0 3 ) held as carrier material T and reacts with it with the release of carbon dioxide (C0 2 ).
  • the acid which has not reacted in this reaction is fed again to the spray nozzles 32 by means of the compressed air membrane pump 58 via the circulation 50 and thus arrives again in the first store 6.
  • the acid is fed to the first store 6 at a temperature which is higher than the ambient temperature, namely at a temperature of approximately 100.degree.
  • the acid provided as activating agent A is already at zero pressure Storage in the second memory 36 heated by the heater 38.
  • the inerting gas I can thus be emitted via the line system 12 m to the interior of the safety container 2 of the nuclear installation 4.
  • the inerting gas I is fed into the atmosphere of the safety container 2 via the jet apparatus 26 m.
  • the introduction via the jet apparatus 26, which draws in atmospheric gas from the safety container 2 and mixes it with the inerting gas I to be introduced, ensures particularly good mixing of the inerting gas I to be fed in with the atmosphere of the safety container 2.
  • a further mixing of the inerting gas I with the atmosphere of the safety container 2 also takes place through the exit of the mixture from the jet apparatus 26 m in the form of a free jet.
  • the alternative system 1 'for generating an inerting gas I in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 is designed for the provision of a starting substance A', from which, if necessary, the activating agent A is formed immediately before its reaction with the carrier material T by dissolving it in a solvent L. .
  • the starting substance A ' is held in solid form, in particular in the form of compacts or pellets, together with the carrier material T in the first store 6.
  • the first memory 6 is formed by a first partial memory 60 and a second partial memory 62, each of which is connected to the main line 16 via a partial line 64 or 66.
  • the starting substance A 'and the carrier material T are both Partial stores 60, 62 as a mixture of pellets or compacts.
  • Citric acid or wemic acid is provided as activating agent A, sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC0 3 ) being used as carrier material T.
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC0 3 ) being used as carrier material T.
  • water is held in the second reservoir 36 as solvent L, which can be supplied to the first reservoir 6 via the line system 34 and the spray nozzles 32.
  • the solvent L dissolves the starting substance A 'to form the activating agent A.
  • the pressure system 40 is provided with a pressure holding mandrel 68 which is arranged on the second reservoir 36 and in which a mixture of pellets or pellets of the starting substance A 'and the carrier material T is likewise kept above a rupture disk 70.
  • the pressure maintenance dome 68 is connected to the pressure accumulator 42 via the gas line 46.
  • the inerting gas I is generated, if necessary, by introducing the water held in the second reservoir 36 as solvent L via the line system 34 into the first reservoir 6.
  • the water provided as solvent L dissolves the starting substance A 'held there, the activation agent A being formed.
  • the citric acid held as the starting substance A 'in tablet form or as pellets is dissolved in the water and thus forms the liquid citric acid provided as activating agent A.
  • This then reacts with the sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ) also held in the first reservoir 6 as the carrier material T, carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) being released as the inerting gas I.
  • the inerting gas I m is then introduced into the safety container 2 of the nuclear installation 4 in the following manner in the same way as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the solvent L is fed to the first store 6 at a temperature which is higher than the ambient temperature, namely at a temperature of approximately 100.degree.
  • the solvent L is held in the second store 36 by means of the heating device 38 at an elevated temperature.
  • the pressure maintaining dome 68 is pressurized via the pressure system 40.
  • the rupture disk 70 breaks, so that the mixture of pellets of the starting substance A ′ and of the carrier material T m held in the pressure maintaining dome 68 falls into the second store 36.
  • the initial substance A 'originally held in the pressure maintenance 68 is dissolved in the solvent L, with liquid citric acid being formed as the activating agent A.
  • This reacts with the sodium bicarbonate (NaHC0 3 ) originally held in the pressure maintenance 68 as carrier material T with the release of carbon dioxide (C0 2 ).
  • the release of the carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) results in a pressure build-up in the second store 36, so that a sufficient driving pressure to demand the solvent L is available in the first store 6.
  • the further alternative system 1 'for generating an inerting gas I in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 is designed such that a water reservoir which is already present in the nuclear system 4 can be used to supply the solvent L to the first reservoir 6.
  • the line system 34 is connected on the input side via a pipe piece 74 which can be shut off with a valve 72 to a water reservoir 76 which is present in any case in the nuclear plant 4.
  • the water reservoir 76 which takes the place of the second reservoir 36 in terms of its function, can be, for example, the cooling tower of the nuclear installation 4.
  • the line system 34 is connected to a number of compressed air membrane pumps 78.
  • the printing Air diaphragm pumps 78 can be driven via the pressure system 40.
  • each partial memory 60, 62 of the first memory 6 is in each case connected to a circulation 80 or 82 of the solvent L.
  • a drain line 88 or 90 which can be shut off with a valve 84 or 86, is connected to each partial store 60, 62.
  • Each outlet line 88, 90 is on the outlet side with the suction side of that assigned to the respective partial store 60 or 62
  • Compressed air diaphragm pump 78 connected so that a closed circuit 80 or 82 is formed in each case.
  • the inerting gas I is generated essentially in the same way as in the system 1 ′′ according to FIG. 2.
  • the solvent L is not used in the first reservoir 6 a pressurization of the second reservoir 36, but rather by removal from the water reservoir 76.
  • the delivery of the solvent L into the first store 6 takes place by means of the compressed air membrane pumps 78.
  • solvent L which has not been converted or used is fed back to the respective partial memory 60, 62 via the circuit 80 or 82 assigned to it.
  • the inerting gas I generated in the first store 6 is then fed into the safety container 2 of the nuclear installation 4 in the same way as in the installation 1 and in the alternative installation 1 '.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment for the first memory 6 switched into a circuit 50.
  • this exemplary embodiment can also be a partial memory 60, 62 which is switched into a circulation 80, 82.
  • the overflow container 96 is connected to a feed line 98 which flows into a number of spray nozzles 100 arranged within the first reservoir 6.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment for the first memory 6 switched into a circuit 50.
  • this exemplary embodiment can also be a partial memory 60, 62 which is switched into a circulation 80, 82.
  • the circulation 50 is thus formed by the first store 6, the discharge line 92, the riser 94, the overflow container 96 and the feed line 98.
  • the overflow tank 96 is additionally connected via a suction line 102 to a gas jet vacuum pump 104 which is connected on the primary side m to the main line 16 leading to the safety tank 2 of the nuclear installation 4.
  • each system 1, 1 ', 1' ' the inerting gas I is kept in chemically bound form, namely in the carrier material T provided in each case.
  • the carrier material T is in solid form as tablets or pellets, so that pressure-free storage is possible in a particularly simple manner.
  • the other materials required in each case for the generation of the inerting gas I are also kept in a form which permits pressure-free storage.
  • Each system 1, 1 ', 1' ' can thus be made particularly simple and with little construction effort. Due to the generation of the inerting gas I as required via the reaction of the carrier material T with the activating agent A, any system 1, 1 ', 1 "can also be implemented using largely passive devices. Thus, each system 1, 1', 1" with particularly high reliability in the generation of the inerting gas I also particularly strict safety requirements.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un gaz d'inertage (I) à injecter dans une enceinte, en particulier dans l'enceinte de confinement (2) d'une installation nucléaire (4), lequel offre une fiabilité élevée tout en ne nécessitant qu'une construction particulièrement simple. Selon l'invention, on fait réagir un matériau support (E), dans lequel le gaz d'inertage (I) est lié chimiquement, avec un agent d'activation (A). Dans une installation (1, 1', 1") particulièrement adaptée à la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé, se trouvent un premier réservoir (6), dans lequel est conservé le matériau support (E), et un dispositif (30), servant à la mise à disposition de l'agent d'activation (A). La conservation du gaz d'inertage (I) sous une forme liée chimiquement permet un stockage sans pression des matériaux nécessaires à la production du gaz d'inertage (I).
PCT/DE1999/000030 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Procede et installation pour la production d'un gaz d'inertage a injecter dans une enceinte, et installation nucleaire Ceased WO1999036922A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99907234A EP1046175A1 (fr) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Procede et installation pour la production d'un gaz d'inertage a injecter dans une enceinte, et installation nucleaire
KR1020007007690A KR20010034081A (ko) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 컨테이너 및 원자력 발전소로 공급되는 불활성화 가스의발생 방법 및 설비
JP2000540545A JP2002509261A (ja) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 容器に供給する不活性ガスの発生方法及び装置並びに原子力設備

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19800948.8 1998-01-13
DE19800948 1998-01-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999036922A1 true WO1999036922A1 (fr) 1999-07-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1999/000030 Ceased WO1999036922A1 (fr) 1998-01-13 1999-01-11 Procede et installation pour la production d'un gaz d'inertage a injecter dans une enceinte, et installation nucleaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1046175A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002509261A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010034081A (fr)
CN (1) CN1286795A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999036922A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6776794B2 (ja) * 2016-10-13 2020-10-28 三浦工業株式会社 燃料電池システム

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2633113A1 (de) * 1976-07-23 1978-01-26 Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer Verfahren zur vermeidung von gefahren, die bei stoerfaellen an kernreaktoren entstehen
EP0640990A1 (fr) * 1993-08-24 1995-03-01 GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ANLAGEN- UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT ( GRS) mbH Dispositif pour l'inertisation passive du mélange gazeux dans l'enceinte de sécurité d'une centrale nucléaire
US5425886A (en) * 1993-06-23 1995-06-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy On demand, non-halon, fire extinguishing systems
DE4423400A1 (de) * 1994-07-04 1996-01-11 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Inertisierungsgases
DE4433901A1 (de) * 1994-09-22 1996-03-28 Siemens Ag Anlage und Verfahren zur Einspeisung eines Inertisierungsgases in einen Behälter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2633113A1 (de) * 1976-07-23 1978-01-26 Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer Verfahren zur vermeidung von gefahren, die bei stoerfaellen an kernreaktoren entstehen
US5425886A (en) * 1993-06-23 1995-06-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy On demand, non-halon, fire extinguishing systems
EP0640990A1 (fr) * 1993-08-24 1995-03-01 GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ANLAGEN- UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT ( GRS) mbH Dispositif pour l'inertisation passive du mélange gazeux dans l'enceinte de sécurité d'une centrale nucléaire
DE4423400A1 (de) * 1994-07-04 1996-01-11 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Inertisierungsgases
DE4433901A1 (de) * 1994-09-22 1996-03-28 Siemens Ag Anlage und Verfahren zur Einspeisung eines Inertisierungsgases in einen Behälter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002509261A (ja) 2002-03-26
KR20010034081A (ko) 2001-04-25
EP1046175A1 (fr) 2000-10-25
CN1286795A (zh) 2001-03-07

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