WO1999046553A1

WO1999046553A1 - Mouthpiece for weapon barrel (variants)

Info

Publication number: WO1999046553A1
Application number: PCT/KZ1999/000001
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ildar Ibragimov; Elena Sharunova
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-03-09
Filing date: 1999-03-02
Publication date: 1999-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2000-09-09
Also published as: AU3277999A

Abstract

The invention concerns the area of arms engineering, in particular constructions of mouthpieces for barrels of fire-arms, both smoothly-barrel and rifled, and can be used in artillery and shooting weapons. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel contains a body (1) with the channel (2), inlet (3) and outlet (4) and chambers (5) located inside the body (1). The chambers (5) are executed with walls (6) diverging to the outlet (4). In the first variant of the device, the chambers (5) are located with increased intervals between them, and the longitudinal size of the chambers (5) does not exceed the length of a shell (9) leading part; in the second variant of the device, the chambers (5) are located uniformly along the mouthpiece, and the longitudinal size of chambers (5) does not exceed three calibers. In the third variant of the device, the chambers (5) are executed as a screw cavity, which screw step does not exceed five calibers. The profile of a screw cavity is executed in the form of a rectangular triangle (7), rectangle trapezium or rectangular (8).

Description

MOUTHPIECE FOR WEAPON BARREL (VARIANTS) TECHNICAL FIELD The invention concerns to area of arms engineering, in particular to constructions of mouthpieces (i.e. muzzle devices) for barrels of fire-arms both smoothly-barrel and rifled, and can be used in artillery and shooting weapon.

BACKGROUND ART There is mouthpiece used as a muffler, containing an external wall, central part with some quantity of compartments located one after another by a direct line. Each compartment has orifices for an easy bullets passing, fastened with a following compartment, and the external walls of a number of compartments form an external wall (application PCT # 94/07103, cl. F41A 21/30, 1994) The mentioned device has low efficiency of gun-powder charge chemical energy transformation into a bullet kinetic energy and does not ensure a high initial velocity of a fired bullet. Closet to the offered invention is the mouthpiece containing extended and deafened cameras, executed inside body. The communicating between cameras is limited by element having the form of a truncated cone. The air or gas arrives into the extension camera through the inlet of body and leaves through smooth barrel with the outlet executed in the body cover (the application of Great Britain #2106 619, cl. F41B 11/00, 1983). The given device has a low initial velocity of fired shells or bullets owing to low efficiency of gun-powder charge chemical energy transformation into kinetic energy of a shell or bullet. The turbulent stream of gun-powder gases in the extension camera deviates to the deafened camera and remains theie. It decrease an extruding force of gun-powder gases.

All known types for weapon barrels are used above all in atmosphere. The atmospheric gases in the mouthpiece channel make braking on a shell or bullet during their movement.

The blow-by of pushing gases into the clearance between a shell or bullet and walls of the channel in known mouthpieces results in accumulation gases before a shell or bullet, reducing a residual of oressure between a head part and bottom of a shell or bullet and decreasing the extruding force. As a result of a shell or bullet "escape" movement the concentration of gun-powder gases at bottom of a shell or bullet decreases, that reduces pressure on a shell or bullet.

For overcoming the problems mentioned above it is necessary to increase a mass of a gun- 2 powder charge, that is not always expedient.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Problem of the invention is the gun-powder charge chemical energy transformation efficiency increase into a kinetic energy of a shell or bullet by an elimination of pushing gases blow-by in a clearance between a shell or bullet and walls of the channel, increasing of the gun-powder gases pressure on bottom of a shell or bullet and decrease of atmospheric gases braking during movement of a shell or bullet in the mouthpiece channel.

The technical result is the shoot velocity increase of a shell or bullet and the power consumption decrease for acceleration of a shell or bullet in the mouthpiece up to required value is reached by that in the mouthpiece for weapon barrel containing body with the channel, inlet and outlet and cameras located inside body, the cameras are executed with diverging to the outlet walls and located with increasing intervals between them, herewith the longitudinal size of cameras does not exceed length of a shell leading part.

The second variant of the mouthpiece for weapon barrel aimed for the shooting weapon contains body with the channel, inlet and outlet and cameras located inside body, which are executed with diverging to the outlet walls and located is uniformly along the mouthpiece, herewith the longitudinal size of cameras does not exceed three calipers.

The third variant of a mouthpiece for weapon barrel intended for the shooting weapon, contains body with the channel, inlet and outlet and cameras located inside bod}', which are executed as a screw cavity, herewith the cavity screw step does not exceed five calipers.

The profile of the screw cavity is executed in the form of a rectangular triangle, which right angle is located in the outlet part. The profile of the screw cavity can be executed in the form of a rectangular trapezium, which right angles are located on the outlet part. The profile of a screw cavity can be executed rectangular. The offered construction of a mouthpiece variants allows to reduce pressure of gases before a shell or bullet during their movement in the mouthpiece channel by the gases part transposition from a zone before a shell or bullet into a zone of pushing gases, to reduce the pushing gases blow-by through a clearance between a shell or bullet and walls of the mouthpiece channel, and also to create more concentrated gas-dynamic stream of gun-powder gases behind a shell or bullet, that decreases a head resistance of a shell or bullet during their movement and creates an additional force directed to the movements of a shell or a bullet.

The optimum sizes, form, amount and disposition of cameras inside mouthpiece body are designed individually for barrels and used ammunitions having the different performance. So. for weapon systems, where the burning of a gun-powder charge is fast on a comparison with movement of a shell in the weapon barrel channel (adiabatic extension), it is meaningful to possess cameras inside a mouthpiece body with increasing intervals between them, as the reaching of gun-powder gases pressure maximum, and creation of the most heavily gas-dynamic stream takes place immediately in the weapon barrel channel, and a gun-powder gases pressure as well as the intensity of a gas-dynamic stream is decreased in a mouthpiece. For systems, where the gun-powder charge burning is slow on a comparison with movement of a shell in the weapon barrel channel (isobaric extension), it is meaningful to possess cameras inside mouthpiece body uniformly, as in this case there are no shaφ surges of pressure. Longitudinal size of cameras is selected proceeding from the following reasons: the more the camera volume, the more amount of compressed atmospheric gases it can contain, reducing thereby pressure before a shell or bullet, therefore the above velocity of a shell or bullet^, the large volume should have the camera. But the too large camera will decrease also static pressure of gun-powder gases, that will decrease an output of a kinetic energy. Herewith it is necessary to take into account, that is undesirable to make a longitudinal size of the camera more than length of a shell or bullet leading part, as it will increase the pushing gases blow-by.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION of DRAWINGS On Fig. 1 is the mouthpiece with the cameras executed with walls diverging to the outlet and located uniformly along the barrel, longitudinal profile; on Fig. 2 is mouthpiece with cameras, executed as a screw cavity with a profile in the form of a rectangular triangle, longitudinal profile; on Fig. 3 is mouthpiece with cameras executed with walls diverging to the outlet and with increased intervals between cameras, longitudinal profile; on Fig. 4 is the longitudinal profile fragment of the mouthpiece with cameras having the walls diverging to the outlet and the nascent turbulent streams; on Fig. 5 is the mouthpiece with cameras executed as a screw cavity with a rectangular profile. THE MODES FOR CARRING OUT THE INVENTION

Each from offered variants of a mouthpiece for weapon barrel contains body 1 with the channel 2, inlet 3 and outlet 4 and cameras 5 located inside body 1.

The cameras 5 are executed with walls 6 diverging to the outlet, in the first variant of the device the cameras 5 are located with increased intervals between them, and the longitudinal size of cameras 5 does not exceed length of a shell leading part, and in the second variant of the device the cameras 5 are located is uniformly along the mouthpiece and the longitudinal size of cameras 5 does not exceed three calipers. 4

In the third variant of a mouthpiece for weapon barrel containing body 1 with the channel 2. inlet 3 and outlet 4 and cameras 5 located inside the body 1, the cameras are executed as a screw cavity, herewith cavity screw step does not exceed five calipers.

The profile of a screw cavity is executed in the form of a rectangular triangle 7 (Fig. 2). in the form of a rectangular trapezium (is not shown) or rectangular 8 (Fig. 5). On Fig. 4 is the mouthpiece fragment with cameras 5, having the walls 6 diverging to the outlet 4, shell 9, zone of gases 10 compressed by the shell, zone of pushing gun-powder gases 11, blowing gases 12, turbulent streams 13. vector 14 of the of gun-powder gases extension, vector 15 of gun-powder gases reflected stream, hollow zone 16. The device work is carried out as follows.

While shooting the gases compressed by a moving shell 9 reach the camera 5 and fill in it, so the pressure in a compressed gases zone 10 decreases, reducing in turn braking on a shell 9. Then the moving shell 9 pass through the camera 5. and the gases, which have filled in it. mix up with pushing gun-powder gases from the zone 11. The part of pushing gun-powder gases from the zone 11 blows-by through a clearance between a shell 9 and walls of the channel 2. The passing gases 12 fill in cameras 5, creating turbulent streams 13 and not giving them to outstrip a shell 9.

At the supersonic velocities in artillery and shooting weapon in cameras 5, executed with walls diverging to the outlet 4 or as a screw cavity, appears effect similar to that, which appears at the work of the Laval nozzle, namely the energy of the gun-powder gases extension (the vector 14) will turn into the energy of a reflected gun-powder gases stream (vector 15). The effect of an collapse of shock waves will result in appearance of a hollow zone 16 i.e. zone of increased pressure and temperatures (hollow effect) behind a shell, that increases total energy transmitted to a shell 9. Because of a supersonic velocity of a shell the gun-powder gases at the extension in atmosphere cannot outstrip a shell, as the velocity of shock waves is equal sound. At the subsound velocities in the barrels mouthpieces of near fight weapon the hollow effect does not exist, but there is the transition of gases from a zone of compression before a shell or bullet into a zone of pushing gases, and also prevention of accumulation before a shell or bullet passing pushing gases into a clearance between a shell or bullet and the channel walls.

The optimum sizes, form, amount and disposition of cameras inside mouthpiece body determine experimentally depending on performance of shells or bullets.

Each from offered invention variants can be used both in shooting, and in the artillery weapon. The mouthpiece offered variants usage allows to increase an initial velocity of a fired shell Each from offered invention variants can be used both in shooting, and in the artillery weapon

The mouthpiece offered variants usage allows to increase an initial velocity of a fired shell or bullets up to 1500-4000 m/s. However, the highest kinetic energy of a fired bullet or shell is reached by the first variant of a mouthpiece in artillery systems, and second and third variants in the shooting weapon.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The offered variants of a mouthpiece construction can be used by motonsed infantry_, armoured, airborne, artillery forces and units of naval fleet.

Mouthpiece can be made from metal, for example steel, as a separate detail which one pan near the inlet screw on the muzzle part of the weapon barrel both smoothly and rifled_, and also on artillery instruments

The usage of such mouthpieces will allow to increase shooting power of militarised forces using the shooting weapon, as the killing power and the kinetic energy are increased by the bullet shoot velocity increasing up to 1500-4000 m s. It inflicts an appreciable loss to the opponent forces and reduces risk of a manpower defeat.

Using the offered variants of mouthpieces in artillery for a defeat of ground, water-surface, coastal and underwater objects the high damaging effect and large destructive force of shells is ensured.

The armies which will accept on arms offered mouthpieces for weapon barrels, will receive large advantage, as them combat power will be considerably increased. Herewith it is not required of the additional costs for rearming and improvement of the used weapon owing to the mouthpieces universality and possibility of their usage for any type of fire-arms.

Claims

1. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel containing body (1) with the channel (2), inlet (3) and outlet (4), cameras (5) located inside body (1), distinguished that the cameras (5) are executed with walls (6) diverging to the outlet (4) and located with increased intervals between them, herewith the longitudinal size of cameras (5) does not exceed length of a shell (9) leading pan.

2. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel containing body (1) with the channel (2), inlet (3) and outlet (4) and cameras (5) located inside body, distinguished that the cameras (5) are executed with walls (6) diverging to the outlet (4), and located uniformly along the mouthpiece, herewith the longitudinal size of cameras (5) does not exceed three calipers.

3. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel containing body (1) with the channel (2), inlet (3) and outlet (4) and cameras (5) located inside body (1), distinguished that the cameras are executed as a screw cavity, herewith cavity screw step does not exceed five calipers_.

4. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel by item 3 distinguished that the screw cavity profile is executed in the form of a rectangular triangle (7), which right angle is located in the outlet (4) part.

5. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel by item 3 distinguished that the screw cavity profile is executed in the form of a rectangular trapezium, which right angles are located on the outlet (4) part.

6. The mouthpiece for weapon barrel by item 3 distinguished that the screw cavity profile is executed rectangular (8).