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WO1999043259A1 - Appareil medical comprenant une source sous pression de liquide stocke - Google Patents

Appareil medical comprenant une source sous pression de liquide stocke Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999043259A1
WO1999043259A1 PCT/US1999/004029 US9904029W WO9943259A1 WO 1999043259 A1 WO1999043259 A1 WO 1999043259A1 US 9904029 W US9904029 W US 9904029W WO 9943259 A1 WO9943259 A1 WO 9943259A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
reservoir
test chamber
chamber
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1999/004029
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Philip E. Alei
David K. Wong
Joseph Y. Lucisano
Daniel Glazerman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Via Medical Corp
Original Assignee
Via Medical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Via Medical Corp filed Critical Via Medical Corp
Priority to EP99908431A priority Critical patent/EP1056392A1/fr
Priority to JP2000533060A priority patent/JP2002504389A/ja
Publication of WO1999043259A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999043259A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14557—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted to extracorporeal circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
    • A61M2209/06—Packaging for specific medical equipment

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to medical apparatus for use in extracting liquids from, or injecting liquids into, a living body and, more particularly, to medical apparatus of this kind that are filled with a storage liquid for extended time periods.
  • Medical apparatus of this particular kind can take many forms, including that of a blood chemistry sensor assembly of the kind disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5, 165,406, issued in the name of David K. Wong and entitled "Electrochemical Sensor Apparatus and Method.”
  • the disclosed blood chemistry sensor assembly includes a rigid plastic housing that defines an elongate test chamber through which passes either blood or a calibration fluid.
  • a plurality of electrochemical sensors are located within the housing, adjacent to the test chamber, each sensor being adapted to measure a separate parameter of the adjacent fluid, e.g., oxygen partial pressure (p0 2 ), carbon dioxide partial pressure (pC0 2 ), glucose, hematocrit, calcium, hydrogen ion (i.e., pH), chloride, potassium, and sodium.
  • the sensor assembly described briefly above Prior to its being used to measure various parameters of a blood sample, the sensor assembly described briefly above typically is stored for an extended time period, with a storage liquid being located within the assembly's test chamber and with the entire assembly being stored within a sealed container of low permeability.
  • the presence of the storage liquid prevents the sensors from drying out, which could adversely affect their sensing capability, even if subsequently re-wetted.
  • the liquid can diffuse from the test chamber, to at least a limited extent, through the assembly's plastic housing and associated tubing, etc.
  • the diffusion of liquid from the test chamber can give rise to two problems. First, the resulting negative pressure can draw air or other gas into the test chamber, to form bubbles in the remaining liquid.
  • the present invention is embodied in an improved medical apparatus for use in extracting a liquid from, and/or injecting a liquid into, a living body, wherein the apparatus is configured to ensure that air and other gases do not enter a liquid-filled chamber while the apparatus is stored over an extended time period.
  • the medical apparatus includes a housing that defines the liquid-filled chamber, with various components of the apparatus having at least limited permeability, to allow liquid to diffuse from the housing chamber over time.
  • the apparatus includes a Uquid reservoir in communication with the housing chamber and carrying a storage liquid, and further includes a spring-bias device for pressurizing the liquid reservoir, to pressurize the housing chamber with the storage liquid, such that additional storage liquid is available to replenish liquid that might diffuse from the chamber over time.
  • the medical apparatus further includes a one-way check valve located between the liquid reservoir and the housing chamber, for limiting the flow of liquid from the chamber to the reservoir.
  • the chamber and the reservoir are part of a sterile system, closed to the external environment, and the apparatus further includes an outer container for carrying the housing, the reservoir, .and the spring-bias device.
  • the reservoir is sized relative to the housing chamber such that the composition of the storage liquid remains substantially unchanged over time.
  • the medical apparatus' spring-bias device includes a substantially rigid body that defines a cavity sized to carry the liquid reservoir, which takes the form of a flexible bag, and further includes a spring-biased plunger for compressively engaging the flexible bag.
  • the spring-bias device includes a spring clip sized to compressively grasp opposite sides of such a flexible bag.
  • the medical apparatus of the invention has particular utility when it takes the form of a sensor apparatus incorporating one or more electrochemical sensors in operative contact with the liquid stored in the housing chamber.
  • a sensor apparatus incorporating one or more electrochemical sensors in operative contact with the liquid stored in the housing chamber.
  • Use in the form of a blood chemistry sensor assembly is particularly advantageous.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combination infusion fluid delivery and blood chemistry analysis system that incorporates an electrochemical sensor assembly that is part of the preferred embodiment of the invention, shown connected to a blood vessel of a patient's arm.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the electrochemical sensor assembly of FIG. 1, showing several electrochemical sensors located adjacent to the assembly's test chamber.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrochemical sensor assembly of FIG. 1, combined with a pressurized reservoir assembly in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional isometric view of the pressurized reservoir assembly of FIG. 2, showing a spring-biased platen that compressively engages a flexible bag carrying a supply of storage liquid.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the flexible bag of FIG. 4, shown with an attached delivery tube and one-way check valve.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a spring clip that can be used to compressibly engage a flexible bag to form a pressurized reservoir assembly in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown an infusion fluid dehvery and blood chemistry analysis system in use connected to a blood vessel within a patient's arm 11.
  • An infusion pump 13 under the control of a controller 15, pumps an infusion/calibration fluid from a fluid source 17 to the blood vessel via an infusion tube 19 and hollow needle 21.
  • a sensor/electrode assembly 23 is located in the infusion line, the assembly including a test chamber 25 through which the infiision/calibration fluid passes on its way to the patient.
  • Several electrochemical sensors 27 are located within the electrode assembly, immediately adjacent to the test chamber, such that they can measure predetermined parameters of the adjacent fluid.
  • the controller 15 conditions the pump 13 to interrupt its pumping of the infusion/calibration fluid to the patient and, instead, to reverse direction and draw a blood sample from the patient.
  • This blood sample is drawn rearwardly through the infusion tube 19 as far as the electrode assembly 23, to allow the assembly's electrochemical sensors 27 to measure certain parameters of the blood.
  • the pump reinfuses the blood sample back into the patient and then resumes pumping the infusion/calibration fluid.
  • the sensors are configured to measure parameters such as oxygen partial pressure (p0 2 ), carbon dioxide partial pressure (pC0 2 ), glucose, hematocrit, calcium, hydrogen ion (i.e., pH), chloride, potassium, and sodium.
  • the electrode assembly 23 normally must be stored for an extended time period before being used to make blood sample measurements. During this storage time, it is important that the electrochemical sensors 27 remain wetted, because dried-out sensors can provide inaccurate measurements, even if re-wetted prior to making their measurements.
  • the electrode assembly therefore, is stored with a storage liquid filling its test chamber 25.
  • the plastic materials from which the body of the electrode assembly and the infusion tube are constructed allow at least limited diffusion of the storage hquid from the test chamber. Unless appropriately controlled, this diffusion would lead to a negative pressure within the test chamber, thus drawing air or other gases into the remaining liquid and causing undesired bubbles to be formed. As shown in FIG.
  • this air bubble problem is avoided by storing the electrode assembly 23 with a pressurized reservoir assembly 29, which provides a pressurized supply of storage liquid to replenish whatever liquid is lost through diffusion.
  • the electrode assembly and the pressurized reservoir assembly form a closed, sterile system that carries the storage liquid and isolates the liquid from the external environment.
  • the reservoir assembly incorporates a spring-loaded check valve 31, for coupling directly to a standard luer connector in the infusion line 19 that projects from the electrode assembly. The valve opens only when connected to the mating luer connector, thus allowing the reservoir assembly to be disconnected from the electrode assembly without a loss of the storage liquid.
  • the two assemblies are packaged within a sealed container 33, preferably of low permeability.
  • the reservoir assembly is sized to carry sufficient storage liquid to replenish the amount of liquid expected to be lost due to diffusion over the maximum storage time period.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 depict the pressurized reservoir assembly 29 in greater detail.
  • the assembly includes a flexible bag 35 formed from two flat plastic sheets arranged in confronting relationship and heat-sealed around their periphery.
  • the bag is carried in a cavity 37 of a hollow housing 39, and a removable cover 41 encloses the cavity.
  • a molded plastic, cup-shaped platen 43 is positioned between the bag and the cover, and a coil spring 45 urges the platen into compressive engagement with the bag.
  • Cross braces 47 are molded into the platen's top side, to provide rigidity and to define a ring-shaped recess 49 for receiving the coil spring.
  • a plastic delivery tube 51 extends from one edge of the flexible bag 35 through an opening 53 in the removable cover 41 to the check valve 31.
  • the flexible bag preferably is formed of polypropylene copolymer, with the strength of the peripheral seal being at least 5 pounds per inch, and with the bag able to withstand a pressure of 6 pounds per square inch for at least 48 hours without leakage.
  • the delivery tube preferably includes two coextruded layers, with an outer layer formed of polyolefin and an inner layer formed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the check valve preferably is a conventional
  • Halkey-Roberts luer-activated valve formed of PVC, and it is bonded to the tube using cyclohexanone, with a bond strength of at least 10 pounds.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a flat metal spring clip 55 that can be used with a flexible bag
  • the spring chp is sized and configured to slide over the bag and pressurize the storage liquid contained within it.
  • the bag is formed of a material having low water vapor permeability, to reduce fluid loss.
  • the pressurized reservoir assembly can incorporate alternative means for maintaining fluid pressure.
  • alternative pressure means include compressed air or other gas, compressible foam, and other extension and compression spring arrangements.
  • the flexible bag 35 is substantially less permeable than is the sensor/electrode assembly 23. Because of this, the storage liquid diffuses away from the sensor/electrode assembly faster than it does from the bag.
  • the bag preferably is sized to carry a substantially greater amount of storage hquid than is stored in the test chamber 25. Consequently, as the storage liquid within the test chamber is replenished with hquid from the bag, its composition remains substantially unchanged. This is a significant improvement over prior systems of this kind, in which the diffusion of hquid from the test chamber sometimes had a significant (and undesired) effect on the composition of the liquid that remains.
  • the present invention provides an improved apparatus for maintaining a medical apparatus, e.g., an electrochemical sensor assembly, filled with a storage liquid and bubble-free for an extended storage time period.
  • the apparatus achieves this result by connecting to the sensor assembly a pressurized reservoir that supphes additional storage liquid to replenish any storage liquid lost due to diffusion from the medical assembly.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil amélioré destiné à maintenir un ensemble appareil médical, par exemple un ensemble électrode (23) de mesure des composants chimiques du sang, rempli d'un liquide stocké sans bulles pendant une longue période de stockage. On obtient ce résultat de l'appareil en reliant à l'ensemble un réservoir sous pression (29) qui fournit du liquide supplémentaire au liquide stocké afin de remplacer toute perte de liquide stocké suite à une évaporation à partir de l'ensemble appareil médical.
PCT/US1999/004029 1998-02-27 1999-02-24 Appareil medical comprenant une source sous pression de liquide stocke Ceased WO1999043259A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99908431A EP1056392A1 (fr) 1998-02-27 1999-02-24 Appareil medical comprenant une source sous pression de liquide stocke
JP2000533060A JP2002504389A (ja) 1998-02-27 1999-02-24 医療装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/032,752 1998-02-27
US09/032,752 US6027479A (en) 1998-02-27 1998-02-27 Medical apparatus incorporating pressurized supply of storage liquid

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999043259A1 true WO1999043259A1 (fr) 1999-09-02

Family

ID=21866627

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/004029 Ceased WO1999043259A1 (fr) 1998-02-27 1999-02-24 Appareil medical comprenant une source sous pression de liquide stocke

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6027479A (fr)
EP (1) EP1056392A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002504389A (fr)
WO (1) WO1999043259A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002504389A (ja) 2002-02-12
EP1056392A1 (fr) 2000-12-06
US6027479A (en) 2000-02-22

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