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WO1998033432A1 - Ecg electrode - Google Patents

Ecg electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998033432A1
WO1998033432A1 PCT/CH1998/000002 CH9800002W WO9833432A1 WO 1998033432 A1 WO1998033432 A1 WO 1998033432A1 CH 9800002 W CH9800002 W CH 9800002W WO 9833432 A1 WO9833432 A1 WO 9833432A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
nipple
contact surface
patient
base
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/CH1998/000002
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Artemio Granzotto
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE29823970U priority Critical patent/DE29823970U1/en
Publication of WO1998033432A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998033432A1/en
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/251—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an EKG electrode according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the analysis of electrical potential differences in tissues and organs is an integral part of medical diagnostics.
  • the best known example of a device for recording such biological potentials is the electrocardiograph. It is used to derive, amplify and record the tensions arising from the contraction of the heart muscles, albeit with a reduced amplitude, on the surface of the body.
  • the chest wall and extremity leads electrodes are brought into direct contact with the body surface.
  • the information from the electrocardiogram must not only be of high quality, but also of absolute reliability.
  • the electrodes represent the interface between the body and the analyzer. They are of crucial importance in deriving the potentials that arise during the spreading and regression of excitation, and the demands placed on such EKG electrodes are correspondingly high. In addition to low electrical resistance, the material from which the electrodes are made must be made also has good corrosion resistance and good disinfecting ⁇ exhibit properties.
  • the size and shape of the electrode have a decisive influence on the quality of the lead.
  • Electrodes are flat, disc-shaped electrodes, as described for example in EP 0 217 383 and EP 0 217 384, or lenticular to hemispherical electrodes, as are known from EP 0 695 139.
  • EP 0 206 441 describes a flat, strip-shaped electrode sheet which is fastened to the extremities of a patient by means of a clip.
  • EP 0 276 661 describes an EKG electrode made of a synthetic resin with a coating of metal powder, which is in contact with the skin of a patient via a gel-shaped electrolyte material and a flat, disk-shaped material cover.
  • Strong hair on the body represents such a disturbance factor, particularly in the area of the chest.
  • the hair on a patient can isolate the contact between the electrode and skin to such an extent that sufficient potential can no longer be derived. Due to the flat to convex shape of the contact surfaces of previously known EKG electrodes, the contact only improves insignificantly even by pressing or moving the electrodes to a greater extent, since the electrode cannot penetrate the hair and the electrode only on the surface of the insulating "fur" "is pushed around.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide EKG electrodes which do not have the disadvantages mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through an electrode according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the proximal side of an electrode according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention;
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of the proximal side of an electrode according to FIG. 4.
  • the electrode 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a proximal, slightly convex contact surface 2 to the patient.
  • a projecting nipple 3 is arranged centrally on the contact surface 2. If it is necessary to make contact with the skin of a very hairy patient via the electrode 1, the protruding nipple 3 penetrates through the body hair onto the skin with slight pressure and establishes a first contact. By gently moving the electrode 1 back and forth, the hair is divided further and the annoying hair is pushed aside. Like the nipple 3, the entire convex contact surface 2 is now in direct contact with the patient's skin. Only the basal areas of the few body hairs that arise directly under the contact surface of the electrode 1 are still in the way.
  • Contact and holding means 4 are attached to the distal side of the electrode 1. They serve on the one hand to attach the electrode 1 to the device, and on the other hand to connect the electrode 1 to a conductor which forwards the removed potentials.
  • the nipple 3 is rounded at the top. The skin of the patient is therefore not injured by an electrode 1 according to the invention.
  • the shape and the dimensioning of the nipple 3 are selected so that the use of the electrode 1 is not perceived as uncomfortable or painful by the patient.
  • the diameter D E of the electrode is 10 mm.
  • the diameter D N of the central nipple 3 is approximately 3.5 mm at the base and the height H N of the nipple is approximately 2 mm.
  • the electrode 1 is not round and lenticular, but rather elongated as shown in FIG. 3.
  • a number of transverse ribs 5 produce the improved contact with the patient's skin here.
  • Contact surfaces 6 lie between the transverse ribs 5 and the elongate electrode 1 has convexly curved contact surfaces 2 at both ends.
  • Contact and holding means 4 are in turn attached to the distal side of the electrode 1.
  • the electrode is oval, lens-shaped or elliptical and is provided with two nipples, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the electrodes are not mass-produced, but are deep-drawn from sheet metal.
  • a cross section through such an electrode is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the electrode can be made directly from a sheet with the desired material properties and conductivity.
  • a cheaper, inferior material can also serve as a support for an electrode, which is merely applied to this support as a thin layer of high-quality metal.
  • the carrier is designed in an advantageous form described above, and thereby gives the final shape of the electrode in front.
  • the carrier can be made of cheaper metal, or even a plastic that can be coated with metal.
  • the use of the electrode according to the invention is of course not restricted to the tapping of myocardial potentials. It is also advisable to use the electrode 1 for leads on the head, for example for creating electroencephalograms. Use of the electrode according to the invention is always particularly advantageous when troublesome hair cannot or should not be shaved off.
  • the electrode according to the invention can therefore also be used advantageously in the veterinary field.
  • the electrode according to the invention can be used not only for discharging, but also for transferring currents to the body, that is to say as a stimulating electrode.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an ECG electrode (1) for picking up weak currents from a patient's skin. The electrode consists of materials having low electrical resistance and comprises, on a proximal contact surface (2), at least one rounded harmless projecting elevation (3, 5).

Description

EKG-Elektrode ECG electrode

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine EKG-Elektrode nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to an EKG electrode according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Die Analyse von elektrischen Potentialdifferenzen in Geweben und Organen ist aus der medizinischen Diagnostik nicht mehr wegzudenken. Das bekannteste Beispiel für ein Gerät zur Aufzeichnung solcher biologischer Potentiale ist der Elektro- kardiograph. Er dient dazu, die bei der Kontraktion der Herzmuskeln entstehenden Spannungen, wenn auch mit verminderter Amplitude, an der Körperoberfläche abzuleiten, zu verstärken und aufzuzeichnen. Bei den gebräuchlichsten nichtinvasiven EKG-Verfahren, der Brustwand- und der Extremitätenableitung, werden Elektroden in direkten Kontakt mit der Körperoberfläche gebracht. Um Fehlentscheidungen des Arztes zu verhindern, die im schlimmsten Falle das Leben und die Gesundheit der Patienten gefährden können, muss die Information aus dem Elektrokardiogramm nicht nur von hoher Qualität, sondern auch von absoluter Zuverlässigkeit sein.The analysis of electrical potential differences in tissues and organs is an integral part of medical diagnostics. The best known example of a device for recording such biological potentials is the electrocardiograph. It is used to derive, amplify and record the tensions arising from the contraction of the heart muscles, albeit with a reduced amplitude, on the surface of the body. In the most common non-invasive ECG procedures, the chest wall and extremity leads, electrodes are brought into direct contact with the body surface. In order to prevent wrong decisions by the doctor, which in the worst case can endanger the life and health of the patient, the information from the electrocardiogram must not only be of high quality, but also of absolute reliability.

Die Schnittstelle zwischen Körper und Analysegerät stellen die Elektroden dar. Sie sind von entscheidender Bedeutung bei der Ableitung der Potentiale, die bei der Erregungsausbreitung und -rückbildung entstehen, und dementsprechend hoch sind die Ansprüche, die an solche EKG-Elektroden gestellt werden. Neben einem niedrigen elektrischen Widerstand muss das Material aus dem die Elektroden gefertigt sind auch gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit und gute Desinfektions¬ eigenschaften aufweisen.The electrodes represent the interface between the body and the analyzer. They are of crucial importance in deriving the potentials that arise during the spreading and regression of excitation, and the demands placed on such EKG electrodes are correspondingly high. In addition to low electrical resistance, the material from which the electrodes are made must be made also has good corrosion resistance and good disinfecting ¬ exhibit properties.

Neben den elektrischen Materialeigenschaften beeinflussen die Grosse und Form der Elektrode die Qualltat der Ableitung ganz entscheidend.In addition to the electrical material properties, the size and shape of the electrode have a decisive influence on the quality of the lead.

Die gebräuchlichsten Elektrodentypen sind flache scheibenförmige Elektroden, wie sie zum Beispiel m EP 0 217 383 und EP 0 217 384 beschrieben sind, oder linsen- bis halbkugel- formige Elektroden, wie sie aus EP 0 695 139 bekannt sind.The most common types of electrodes are flat, disc-shaped electrodes, as described for example in EP 0 217 383 and EP 0 217 384, or lenticular to hemispherical electrodes, as are known from EP 0 695 139.

In EP 0 206 441 ist ein flaches, streifenformiges Elektrodenblech beschrieben, das mittels einer Klammer an den Extremitäten eines Patienten befestigt wird.EP 0 206 441 describes a flat, strip-shaped electrode sheet which is fastened to the extremities of a patient by means of a clip.

EP 0 276 661 beschreibt eine EKG-Elektrode aus einem synthetischen Harz mit einem Ueberzug aus Metallpulver, die über ein gelformiges Elektrolytmaterial und eine flache, scheibenförmige Materialabdeckung mit der Haut eines Patienten in Kontakt steht.EP 0 276 661 describes an EKG electrode made of a synthetic resin with a coating of metal powder, which is in contact with the skin of a patient via a gel-shaped electrolyte material and a flat, disk-shaped material cover.

Dank der zunehmenden Miniaturisierung medizinischer Diagnosegerate sind inzwischen kleine tragbare Elektrokardiographen auf dem Markt. Die kleinsten dieser Elektrokardiographen können m das Kopfstuck eines Stethoskopes eingebaut werden, und ermöglichen beim Auflegen des Stethoskopes gleichzeitig ein EKG abzuleiten. Ein solches Gerat ist zum Beispiel aus der PCT CH 96/00230 bekannt. Die Verkleinerung der EKG Gerate brachte zwangsläufig auch eine Verkleinerung der Elektroden mit sich. Um Signale ausreichender Starke ableiten zu können, darf die Kontaktflache zwischen Elektrode und Korper eine bestimmte untere Grenze nicht unterschreiten. Bei Elektroden, die so dimensioniert sind, dass sie grossenmassig nur knapp über diesem unteren Limit liegen, können zusatzliche störende Einflüsse die Ableitungsqualität so stark vermindern, dass die amplifizierten Signale nicht mehr brauchbar sind.Thanks to the increasing miniaturization of medical diagnostic devices, small portable electrocardiographs are now on the market. The smallest of these electrocardiographs can be installed in the headpiece of a stethoscope and enable an ECG to be derived when the stethoscope is put on. Such a device is known for example from PCT CH 96/00230. The downsizing of the EKG devices inevitably also resulted in a downsizing of the electrodes. In order to be able to derive signals of sufficient strength, the contact area between the electrode and the body must not fall below a certain lower limit. Electrodes that are dimensioned in such a way that they are only slightly above this lower limit can have additional disruptive effects Influences reduce the derivation quality so much that the amplified signals are no longer usable.

Einen solchen Storfaktor stellt eine starke Korperbehaarung, insbesondere im Bereich der Brust dar. Die Behaarung eines Patienten kann den Kontakt zwischen Elektrode und Haut so stark isolieren, dass keine ausreichenden Potentiale mehr abgeleitet werden können. Durch die flache bis konvexe Form der Kontaktflachen bisher bekannter EKG Elektroden verbessert sich der Kontakt auch durch stärkeres Drücken oder hin- und herbewegen der Elektroden nur unwesentlich, da die Elektrode nicht durch die Behaarung dringen kann und die Elektrode nur auf der Oberflache des isolierenden „Pelzes" herumgeschoben wird .Strong hair on the body represents such a disturbance factor, particularly in the area of the chest. The hair on a patient can isolate the contact between the electrode and skin to such an extent that sufficient potential can no longer be derived. Due to the flat to convex shape of the contact surfaces of previously known EKG electrodes, the contact only improves insignificantly even by pressing or moving the electrodes to a greater extent, since the electrode cannot penetrate the hair and the electrode only on the surface of the insulating "fur" "is pushed around.

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt sich daher die Aufgabe, EKG- Elektroden zur Verfugung zu stellen, die die genannten Nachteile nicht aufweisen.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide EKG electrodes which do not have the disadvantages mentioned.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäss der kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelost.This object is achieved by a device according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Weitere Ausfuhrungsvarianten ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Further design variants result from the description and the dependent claims.

In den Zeichnungen sind zwei Ausfuhrungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigt:In the drawings, two exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown and explained in the following description. It shows:

Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemasse Elektrode;1 shows a cross section through an electrode according to the invention;

Figur 2 eine schematisch perspektivische Ansicht der proximalen Seite einer Elektrode nach Figur 1; Figur 3 einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausfuhrungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes;FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the proximal side of an electrode according to FIG. 1; FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention;

Figur 4 einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausfuhrungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes; undFIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the subject matter of the invention; and

Figur 5 eine schematische Aufsicht auf die proximale Seite einer Elektrode nach Figur 4.FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of the proximal side of an electrode according to FIG. 4.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Elektrode 1 weist im eingebauten Zustand mit einer proximalen leicht konvex gewölbten Kontaktflache 2 zum Patienten hin. Zentrisch auf der Kontaktflache 2 ist e n vorspringender Nippel 3 angeordnet. Muss über die Elektrode 1 Kontakt mit der Haut eines stark behaarten Patienten hergestellt werden, so dringt der vorstehende Nippel 3 schon auf leichten Druck hin durch die Korperbehaarung auf die Haut durch, und stellt einen ersten Kontakt her. Durch leichtes hin- und her Bewegen der Elektrode 1 wird die Behaarung weiter geteilt und die störenden Haare beiseite geschoben. Ebenso wie der Nippel 3 steht nun die gesamte konvexe Kontaktflache 2 mit der Haut des Patienten in direktem Kontakt. Nur die basalen Bereiche der wenigen Korperhaare, die direkt unter der Auflageflache der Elektrode 1 entspringen sind nun noch im Weg. Dies beeinträchtigt die Funktion der Elektrode 1 nur unwesentlich. An der distalen Seite der Elektrode 1 sind Kontakt- und Haltemittel 4 angebracht. Sie dienen einerseits dazu, die Elektrode 1 am Gerat zu befestigen, und andererseits dazu die Elektrode 1 mit einem Leiter zu verbinden, der die abgenommenen Potentiale weiterleitet. Der Nippel 3 ist an der Spitze abgerundet. Die Haut des Patienten wird daher von einer erfmdungsgemassen Elektrode 1 nicht verletzt. Die Form und die Dimensionierung des Nippels 3 sind so gewählt, dass der Einsatz der Elektrode 1 von den Patienten nicht als unangenehm oder schmerzhaft empfunden wird. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform betragt der Durchmesser DE der Elektrode 10 mm. Der Durchmesser DN des zentrischen Nippels 3 betragt an der Basis etwa 3.5 mm und die Hohe HN des Nippels liegt bei etwa 2 mm.In the installed state, the electrode 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a proximal, slightly convex contact surface 2 to the patient. A projecting nipple 3 is arranged centrally on the contact surface 2. If it is necessary to make contact with the skin of a very hairy patient via the electrode 1, the protruding nipple 3 penetrates through the body hair onto the skin with slight pressure and establishes a first contact. By gently moving the electrode 1 back and forth, the hair is divided further and the annoying hair is pushed aside. Like the nipple 3, the entire convex contact surface 2 is now in direct contact with the patient's skin. Only the basal areas of the few body hairs that arise directly under the contact surface of the electrode 1 are still in the way. This affects the function of the electrode 1 only insignificantly. Contact and holding means 4 are attached to the distal side of the electrode 1. They serve on the one hand to attach the electrode 1 to the device, and on the other hand to connect the electrode 1 to a conductor which forwards the removed potentials. The nipple 3 is rounded at the top. The skin of the patient is therefore not injured by an electrode 1 according to the invention. The shape and the dimensioning of the nipple 3 are selected so that the use of the electrode 1 is not perceived as uncomfortable or painful by the patient. In an advantageous embodiment, the diameter D E of the electrode is 10 mm. The diameter D N of the central nipple 3 is approximately 3.5 mm at the base and the height H N of the nipple is approximately 2 mm.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung ist die Elektrode 1 nicht rund und linsenförmig, sondern wie m Figur 3 dargestellt langgezogen. Den verbesserten Kontakt mit der Haut des Patienten stellen hier eine Anzahl von Querrippen 5 her. Zwischen den Querrippen 5 liegen Kontaktflachen 6 und an beiden Enden weist die längliche Elektrode 1 konvex gewölbte Kontaktflachen 2 auf. Auf der distalen Seite der Elektrode 1 sind wiederum Kontakt- und Haltemittel 4 angebracht.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrode 1 is not round and lenticular, but rather elongated as shown in FIG. 3. A number of transverse ribs 5 produce the improved contact with the patient's skin here. Contact surfaces 6 lie between the transverse ribs 5 and the elongate electrode 1 has convexly curved contact surfaces 2 at both ends. Contact and holding means 4 are in turn attached to the distal side of the electrode 1.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausfuhrungsform der Erfindung ist die Elektrode oval-lmsenformig oder elliptisch gestaltet und mit zwei Nippeln versehen, wie dies m der Figur 5 dargestellt ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrode is oval, lens-shaped or elliptical and is provided with two nipples, as shown in FIG. 5.

Vorteilhafterweise sind die Elektroden nicht massiv gefertigt, sondern werden aus Blechen tiefgezogen. Ein Querschnitt durch eine solche Elektrode ist in der Figur 4 schematisch dargestellt. Dabei kann die Elektrode direkt aus einem Blech mit den gewünschten Materialeigenschaften und der gewünschten Leitfähigkeit gefertigt werden. Da aber die Kosten für diese Metalle und Metalllegierungen, wie zum Beispiel Gold oder Goldlegierungen, sehr hoch sind kann auch ein billigeres minderwertiges Material als Trager für eine Elektrode dienen, die lediglich als eine dünne Schicht aus hochwertigem Metall auf diesen Trager aufgebracht wird. Der Trager ist dabei m einer oben beschriebenen vorteilhaften Form gestaltet, und gibt dadurch die Endform der Elektrode vor. Der Trager kann aus billigerem Metall, oder sogar aus einem, mit Metall beschichtbaren, Kunststoff bestehen.Advantageously, the electrodes are not mass-produced, but are deep-drawn from sheet metal. A cross section through such an electrode is shown schematically in FIG. The electrode can be made directly from a sheet with the desired material properties and conductivity. However, since the costs for these metals and metal alloys, such as gold or gold alloys, are very high, a cheaper, inferior material can also serve as a support for an electrode, which is merely applied to this support as a thin layer of high-quality metal. The carrier is designed in an advantageous form described above, and thereby gives the final shape of the electrode in front. The carrier can be made of cheaper metal, or even a plastic that can be coated with metal.

Für den Fachmann ist es offensichtlich, dass bei der Materialwahl zusatzlich zu den fertigungstechnischen und ökonomischen Charakteristika auch bekannte Hautunvertraglich- keiten oder allergieauslosende Eigenschaften beachtet werden sollen .It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that, in addition to the manufacturing and economic characteristics, the choice of material should also take into account known skin incompatibilities or properties that cause allergies.

Der Einsatz der erfindungsgemassen Elektrode beschrankt sich naturlich nicht nur auf das Abgreifen myokardischer Potentiale. Es bietet sich auch an, die Elektrode 1 für Ableitungen am Kopf, zum Beispiel zum Erstellen von Elektroenzephalogrammen einzusetzen. Ein Einsatz der erfindungsgemassen Elektrode ist immer dann besonders vorteilhaft, wenn störende Behaarung nicht wegrasiert werden kann oder soll.The use of the electrode according to the invention is of course not restricted to the tapping of myocardial potentials. It is also advisable to use the electrode 1 for leads on the head, for example for creating electroencephalograms. Use of the electrode according to the invention is always particularly advantageous when troublesome hair cannot or should not be shaved off.

Auch im veterinärmedizinischen Bereich kann die erfindungs- gemasse Elektrode daher vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden.The electrode according to the invention can therefore also be used advantageously in the veterinary field.

Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die erfindungsgemasse Elektrode nicht nur zum Ableiten, sondern auch zum Uebertragen von Strömen auf den Korper, also als Reizelektrode, verwendbar ist. It goes without saying that the electrode according to the invention can be used not only for discharging, but also for transferring currents to the body, that is to say as a stimulating electrode.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Elektrokardiograph-Elektrode (1) zum Abgreifen schwacher Strome von der Haut eines Patienten aus Materialien mit niedrigem elektrischem Widerstand, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine proximale Kontaktflache (2) der Elektrode (1) mindestens eine abgerundete, nichtverletzende, vorspringende Erhebungen (3, 5) aufweist.1. Electrocardiograph electrode (1) for tapping weak currents from the skin of a patient from materials with low electrical resistance, characterized in that a proximal contact surface (2) of the electrode (1) has at least one rounded, non-injuring, protruding elevations (3, 5). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (1) rund linsenförmig ausgebildet ist wobei die Kontaktflache (2) konvex gewölbt ist, und einen zentrisch vorspringenden Nippel (3) tragt.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode (1) is round lens-shaped, wherein the contact surface (2) is convex, and carries a centrally projecting nipple (3). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nippel (3) sich von der Basis zur Spitze hm verjungt, wobei die Spitze stumpf und nicht verletzend ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nipple (3) tapers from the base to the tip hm, the tip being blunt and not injuring. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser (DE) der Elektrode (1) 10 mm und der Durchmesser (DN) an der Basis des Nippels (3) 3.5 mm betragt und die Hohe (HN) des Nippels (3) mindestens dem halben Durchmesser semer Basis (DN) entspricht.4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter (D E ) of the electrode (1) is 10 mm and the diameter (D N ) at the base of the nipple (3) is 3.5 mm and the height (H N ) of the Nipple (3) corresponds to at least half the diameter of its base (D N ). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (1) langgestreckt ist und die proximale Kontaktflache (2) als abgeflachter Halbzylmder ausgebildet ist, wobei diese mindestens eine vorspringende Rippe (5) aufweist .5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode (1) is elongated and the proximal contact surface (2) is designed as a flattened Halbzylmder, which has at least one projecting rib (5). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rippen (5) quer zur Langsachse der Elektrode (1) verlaufen . 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the ribs (5) extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the electrode (1). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohe (HR) der Rippen (5) mindestens der halben Breite ihrer Basis (BR) entspricht.7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the height (H R ) of the ribs (5) corresponds to at least half the width of their base (B R ). 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (1) oval oder elliptisch ausgebildet ist und die Kontaktflache (2) konvex gewölbt ist, und zwei vorspringende Nippel (3) tragt.8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode (1) is oval or elliptical and the contact surface (2) is convex, and carries two projecting nipples (3). 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (1) aus Blech tiefgezogen9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrode (1) is deep-drawn from sheet metal 10. Elektrokardiograph-Elektrode (1) zum Abgreifen schwacher Strome von der Haut eines Patienten aus Materialien mit niedrigem elektrischem Widerstand, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (1) als dünne Schicht auf einem Trager angeordnet ist. 10. Electrocardiograph electrode (1) for tapping weak currents from the skin of a patient from materials with low electrical resistance, characterized in that the electrode (1) is arranged as a thin layer on a support.
PCT/CH1998/000002 1997-01-30 1998-01-06 Ecg electrode Ceased WO1998033432A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29823970U DE29823970U1 (en) 1997-01-30 1998-01-06 ECG electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CH193/97 1997-01-30
CH19397 1997-01-30

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WO1998033432A1 true WO1998033432A1 (en) 1998-08-06

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PCT/CH1998/000002 Ceased WO1998033432A1 (en) 1997-01-30 1998-01-06 Ecg electrode

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WO (1) WO1998033432A1 (en)

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EP1077044A1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2001-02-21 Lifecor, Inc. Cardiac monitoring electrode apparatus and related methods

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EP3178378A1 (en) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-14 Tracer Systems GmbH Device for measurement of electric cardiac activity of an animal

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DE3136193A1 (en) * 1981-09-12 1983-04-07 Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim Disposable electrode for electromedical purposes and method of producing it
EP0206441A2 (en) * 1985-06-18 1986-12-30 Fukuda Denshi Co., Ltd. Electrocardiographic amorphous alloy electrode
US4967038A (en) * 1986-12-16 1990-10-30 Sam Techology Inc. Dry electrode brain wave recording system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062364A (en) * 1975-01-21 1977-12-13 Kazumi Masaki Electrode for use in low frequency electronic therapy device
US3989036A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-11-02 Dia Medical System Co., Ltd. Biophysical electrode
DE3136193A1 (en) * 1981-09-12 1983-04-07 Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim Disposable electrode for electromedical purposes and method of producing it
EP0206441A2 (en) * 1985-06-18 1986-12-30 Fukuda Denshi Co., Ltd. Electrocardiographic amorphous alloy electrode
US4967038A (en) * 1986-12-16 1990-10-30 Sam Techology Inc. Dry electrode brain wave recording system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1077044A1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2001-02-21 Lifecor, Inc. Cardiac monitoring electrode apparatus and related methods

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