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WO1998000201A1 - Procede et dispositif d'application dynamique d'un agent extincteur - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'application dynamique d'un agent extincteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998000201A1
WO1998000201A1 PCT/DE1997/001362 DE9701362W WO9800201A1 WO 1998000201 A1 WO1998000201 A1 WO 1998000201A1 DE 9701362 W DE9701362 W DE 9701362W WO 9800201 A1 WO9800201 A1 WO 9800201A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire
extinguishing agent
extinguishing
sensors
devices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1997/001362
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Günter KNOPF
Günter DORAU
Torsten Clauss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FEUERSCHUTZ G KNOPF GmbH
Original Assignee
FEUERSCHUTZ G KNOPF GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FEUERSCHUTZ G KNOPF GmbH filed Critical FEUERSCHUTZ G KNOPF GmbH
Publication of WO1998000201A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998000201A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the dynamic use of extinguishing agents in automatically triggering, stationary fire extinguishing systems and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.
  • DE 44 36 135 discloses a method for the intermittent delivery of extinguishing agents with the aim of reducing the water damage occurring during extinguishing.
  • the extinguishing systems disclosed are either based on the respective spatial or fire-related conditions optimized, but statically designed based on the specified extinguishing parameters and their mode of action in use regardless of the actual fire process or they only react to the dynamics in the form of a closing of the extinguishing nozzles after an extinguishing success has occurred and, if necessary, repeated triggering in the event of a new fire the course of the fire.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for dynamic use of extinguishing agent in stationary fire extinguishing systems and to provide an apparatus for carrying out such a method.
  • the object is achieved in that a method for the dynamic use of extinguishing agent in automatically triggering fixed fire extinguishing systems in which water is mixed unmixed or in homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures by spatially distributed single-substance and / or two-substance extinguishing agent ejection devices is designed such that After the extinguishing system has been triggered automatically in the event of a fire, the course of the fire in terms of its energetic, material and spatial development as well as its interaction with the extinguishing agent is constantly recorded by sensors during the entire extinguishing process and a locally determined selection of the respective ones to be deployed in accordance with the fire development and the extinguishing process determined of extinguishing agent to be opened, spatially distributed extinguishing agent ejection devices and the volume-related extinguishing agent concentration as well as the type and material composition tion of the extinguishing agent taking into account the volume extinguishing effect of the water can be controlled in such a
  • the method according to the invention is furthermore advantageously designed in such a way that the droplet size of the water content contained in the extinguishing agent applied is varied in the spectrum of spray jets and spray mist jets depending on the determined course of the fire.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is provided if, in the case of an extinguishing agent applied as a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture, the volume fractions of the respective mixture components are regulated in a manner adapted to the determined course of the fire.
  • the process regime is designed in such a way that individual or groups of the spatially distributed extinguishing agent ejection devices, based on their spatial arrangement and / or type of release of extinguishing agent, are controlled in a manner adapted to the determined fire and extinguishing events.
  • the determination of the fire extinguishing agent ejection devices controlled based on the detected fire values is continuously checked during the entire duration of the fire and varied if necessary.
  • the process regime is advantageously designed in such a way that, during the entire duration of a fire, all the essential variables characterizing the energetic, material and spatial development of the fire are continuously detected by detectors, the extinguishing agent ejection devices are controlled accordingly and the concentration and consistency of the extinguishing agent in the branch -
  • the parameters determining the space are permanently regulated on the basis of the data obtained.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method for dynamic extinguishing agent application consists of spatially distributed sensors and at least one conveyor device for extinguishing agents, optionally controllable in an analog manner, which is connected via pipes and also with spatially distributed valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices, the spatial arrangement and the type of sensors as well as valves and extinguishing agent Throwing devices are defined in accordance with the local conditions of the building or room to be extinguished in the event of a fire or the system or facility to be extinguished and the expected course of the fire, and a spatial network is provided by the sensors, the valves and the extinguishing agent ejection devices, which can be controlled at least in part by analog means formed and connected in such a way to a control designed as hard-wired logic or as a program-controlled circuit that in the event of a fire by deriving control variables from the sensors s permanently incoming signals in the control system and the effect of these control variables on actuators in the discrete or analog controllable valve
  • the device used for this purpose is designed such that sensors for detecting different quantities which characterize the energetic, material and spatial development of the fire are arranged in the spatial network formed from sensors, valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices and an active connection is formed between each sensor and a controlled element of the fire extinguishing system, such as the conveying devices for extinguishing agents, controllable valves or extinguishing agent ejection devices, and thus each individual controllable element is determined by a sensor as a function of one determined by this sensor Fire parameter is controlled.
  • each of the fire extinguishing system such as the conveying devices for extinguishing agents, controllable valves or extinguishing agent ejecting devices via the control Active connection is formed, whereby a control of controllable elements of the fire extinguishing system takes place in dependence on several different sizes that characterize the fire.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is provided if a sensor is assigned to a group of controlled elements of the fire extinguishing system, such as conveying devices for extinguishing agents, controllable valves or extinguishing agent ejecting devices.
  • an operative connection is formed between a plurality of sensors and a group of controlled elements of the fire extinguishing system, such as the conveying devices for extinguishing agents, controllable valves or extinguishing agent ejecting devices.
  • extinguishing agent ejection devices are arranged in the fire extinguishing system, in which the droplet size of the water content contained in the extinguishing agent changes in proportion to the volume flow of the extinguishing agent which changes depending on the course of the fire.
  • the network of sensors, valves and extinguishing agent ejecting devices includes extinguishing agent ejecting devices in which the drop size of the water content contained in the extinguishing agent can be controlled independently of the volume flow of the extinguishing agent.
  • the mixing ratio between the water content and the homogeneous or heterogeneous admixtures can be variably adjusted depending on the course of the fire when two-substance extinguishing devices are used.
  • the volume flow and / or the droplet size for the water content of the extinguishing agent can be regulated independently of the proportion of the homogeneous or heterogeneous admixture.
  • Fig. 1 A possible temporal course of the heat flow density or the fire intensity with and without the application of extinguishing agent.
  • Fig. 2 A typical course of heat development and dissipation depending on the temperature in the vicinity of a source of fire during the extinguishing process.
  • Fig. 3 The schematic representation of a network of sensors, valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices and the operative connection between them via a control.
  • phase I which is again finely divided, characterizes the fire development phase.
  • the time period A characterizes the phase of independent firing, which is followed by a period of Iß strong firing.
  • the period Ic is characterized by the spread of the fire.
  • phase II there is a so-called flash over, a fire jump.
  • the fire is fully developed during the period designated III. After all combustible materials have burned off, the phase of cooling down and finally going out of fire follow in period four.
  • the extinguishing agent is applied at the point in time t2 at which a heat flow density q (t2) is present, so that the further course of the fire takes place in accordance with the dashed line 15 when the extinguishing agents are used favorably.
  • this favorable process is only possible if sufficient fire is removed from the fire by the extinguishing that begins.
  • the temperature in the immediate vicinity of the fire and the heat flow density are related, as is illustrated by FIG. 2.
  • the curved curve 17 with a heat release qi to be assigned to each temperature T exemplifies such a relationship.
  • the straight lines 18 illustrate the heat removal q2 through the extinguishing agent introduced into the fire. Only when such a straight line 18 runs above curve 17, ie is q2 ⁇ qi, does the deletion succeed.
  • an ambient temperature T ⁇ is set which is lower than the ignition temperature T2.
  • the flame is extinguished using a spray mist and the embers are extinguished using a spray jet.
  • An extinguishing is achieved if, according to the representation given in FIG. 2, the fire falls below the temperature TL ⁇ ⁇ with the associated heat flow density is cooled or from the critical point C, at which an unstable equilibrium is established between the amount of heat generated by the fire and dissipated by the extinguishing agent, ie the amount of heat dissipated q2 with sufficient extinguishing water intensity greater than the heat generated by the fire q ⁇ .
  • the temperature above the fire should be approx. 600 ° C and the equivalent fire heat flow density approx. 400 kJ / s * n.2.
  • An infrared red sensor integrated in the fire extinguishing system detects infrared radiation.
  • An ultra-violet sensor, which is also installed, does not yet detect any essential ultraviolet radiation.
  • a flicker frequency sensor located in the sensor network does not report any major flame formation.
  • the temperature rises to over 1000 ° C
  • the fire heat flow increases to approximately 800 kJ / s * ⁇ -2
  • the ultra violet sensor reports that a limit value of ultraviolet radiation and the Flicker frequency sensor the presence of a relevant flame.
  • the extinguishing system is triggered in the logical AND combination of all four fire parameters.
  • the pressure is increased from zero to six bar via control devices at a corresponding number and spray nozzles arranged according to the location of the fire.
  • droplets with a diameter of approx. 0.2 mm are generated in the extinguishing agent ejection device selected as part of the design of the extinguishing system, and spray mists with an intensity of 7.5 to 8.0 l / min * m ⁇ , which are suitable for the (flame) extinguishing is required for a fire heat flow density of approx. 800 kJ / s * n.2.
  • the temperature sensor measured 400 ° C.
  • this temperature should correspond to a fire heat flow density of 200 kJ / s * ⁇ .2.
  • the infra-red sensor continues to report the presence of infrared radiation (embers!), The ultra-violet sensor and the flicker frequency sensor no longer emit an evaluable signal.
  • the pressure at the nozzles is now reduced to two bars via the control device, as a result of which larger droplets which are required for extinguishing embers are now generated. If necessary, additional spray nozzles, which produce larger droplets (approx.
  • the temperature and infrared sensors no longer provide any evaluable signals, the fire is considered extinguished and the extinguishing system is switched off.
  • the extinguishing system is usually activated immediately and the fire is sprayed with spray mist (droplet diameter approx. 0.2 to 0.1 mm) of sufficient intensity (corresponding to the fire heat flow density) and extinguished.
  • the extinguishing system i.e. the delivery of extinguishing water can be stopped or stopped.
  • sensors 3 show a schematic and control-related representation of a network of sensors 3, 4, valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices (detail X) and the active connection between them via a controller 1.
  • the sensors 3 are sensors which directly record fire parameters, such as temperature, heat flow density, typical gases and Flame serve.
  • sensors 4 for detecting non-fire parameters are also integrated in the network.
  • non-fire parameters can be, for example, gases which, although they do not arise from the burning of the combustible material, may be present in a critical concentration due to leaks in gas-carrying pipes in the vicinity of the source of the fire.
  • the extinguishing system is controlled by the controller 1 in a manner suitable for eliminating this risk.
  • the controller 1 influences the controllable valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices of the arrangement shown in detail X in a preprogrammed manner or controls the extinguishing agent flow supplied by the conveying device .
  • the device shown in FIG. 3 also contains coupling elements 13 for further monitoring and control systems as well as elements 14 for monitoring their functionality.
  • FIG. 4 shows a possible logical arrangement of the valves and extinguishing agent ejection devices in the area of the detail X shown in FIG. 3 in relation to the control.
  • FIG. 4 does not give an impression of the spatial distribution of the elements of the detail X, but only illustrates their possible logical connection in relation to the supply of extinguishing agent.
  • analogously controllable 12 and discretely controllable valves 11 with different extinguishing agent ejection devices are logically linked in a row and / or parallel arrangement in a manner adapted to the spatial conditions.
  • extinguishing agent ejection devices are also partially designed as analog controllable nozzles 6 or discretely controllable 5.
  • Analogue controllable dual-substance extinguishing device ejection devices 7 are also included in the network.
  • Elements 8 and 9 add homogeneous or heterogeneous admixtures to the extinguishing agent. All controllable elements contained in FIG. 4 are controlled by the controller 1 as shown in FIG. 3 during the entire course of the fire on the basis of the each controlled by the sensors 3, 4 determined material and energetic states in the vicinity of the source of the fire.
  • Extinguishing agent ejection device can be controlled discretely
  • Extinguishing agent ejection device can be controlled analogously
  • 11 valve can be controlled discretely

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Selon ce procédé d'application dynamique d'un agent extincteur, une fois que le système extincteur est automatiquement déclenché par un incendie, l'évolution énergétique, matérielle et spatiale de l'incendie, ainsi que l'interaction du feu avec l'agent extincteur, sont détectées en continu par des capteurs pendant toute l'opération d'extinction et un nombre déterminé d'éjecteurs d'agent extincteur répartis dans l'espace et à ouvrir pour appliquer l'agent extincteur est sélectionné localement en fonction de l'évolution ainsi détectée de l'incendie et de son extinction. Cela permet de manière particulièrement avantageuse de prendre en compte l'effet extincteur d'un volume d'eau grâce à une répartition logique et correcte dans le temps et dans l'espace de l'agent extincteur. Le dispositif décrit comprend un réseau réparti dans l'espace de soupapes et d'éjecteurs d'agent extincteur au moins en partie à commande analogique.
PCT/DE1997/001362 1996-06-27 1997-06-26 Procede et dispositif d'application dynamique d'un agent extincteur Ceased WO1998000201A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19627353.6 1996-06-27
DE1996127353 DE19627353C1 (de) 1996-06-27 1996-06-27 Verfahren zur dynamischen Löschmittelanwendung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998000201A1 true WO1998000201A1 (fr) 1998-01-08

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1997/001362 Ceased WO1998000201A1 (fr) 1996-06-27 1997-06-26 Procede et dispositif d'application dynamique d'un agent extincteur

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DE (1) DE19627353C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998000201A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19739457C2 (de) * 1997-09-03 2002-03-14 Feuerschutz G Knopf Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Brandbekämpfung durch eine dynamische Löschmittelanwendung
DE10012705B4 (de) 2000-03-08 2006-09-14 Torsten Dipl.-Ing. Clauß Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Früherkennen und Bekämpfen von Feuer im Innen- und Außenbereich, insbesondere Wohnbereich, von Häusern und Gebäuden
DE10204384C1 (de) * 2002-02-04 2003-07-17 Preussag Ag Minimax Verfahren zur Steuerung von stationären Löschanlagen
DE102006024688B3 (de) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-15 Clauß, Torsten, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum volumenspezifischen Bekämpfen von Feuer in brandgefährdeten Bereichen von Bauten und Anlagen
DE102006024047A1 (de) * 2006-05-21 2007-11-22 Lios Technology Gmbh Verfahren und System zur adaptiven Steuerung von Einrichtungen zur Brandunterdrückung und -löschung
DE102007021267B4 (de) * 2007-05-03 2012-07-05 Hans-Joachim Schubert Verfahren und Anlage zum dosierten Freisetzen von Reizstoffen mittels eines Treibgases in Räumen zur Personenabwehr
DE102008060207B3 (de) * 2008-12-04 2010-07-08 Clauß, Torsten, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum volumen- und/oder flächenspezifischen Bekämpfen von Feuer in brandgefährdeten Bereichen von Bauten und Anlagen
DE102009042370A1 (de) 2009-09-23 2011-03-24 Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg Löschanlage mit Flaschenventil

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DE2257035A1 (de) 1972-11-21 1974-08-29 Verband Der Sachversicherer E Stationaere loeschanlage
DE2344908A1 (de) 1973-09-06 1975-03-20 Verband Der Sachversicherer E Verfahren zur automatischen meldung und loeschung von braenden sowie ortsfeste feuerloeschanlagen zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US4082148A (en) * 1976-07-26 1978-04-04 A-T-O Inc. Fire protection system
GB2187641A (en) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-16 Iron Work Nishimura Co Ltd Automatic fire extinguishing system
WO1995002434A1 (fr) * 1993-07-12 1995-01-26 Invention Technologies Pty. Ltd. Appareil d'extinction d'incendie
DE4343887A1 (de) 1993-12-22 1995-06-29 Nischk Joerg Dipl Betriebsw Feuerlöschanlage zum Schutz von hochwertigen und empfindlichen Objekten
EP0661081A1 (fr) 1993-12-23 1995-07-05 Cerberus Ag Procédé et dispositif pour optimaliser la consommation de la substance et/ou du temps d'extinction du feu pour solides et liquides enflammés
DE4436135A1 (de) 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Oertzen Arndt H Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum impulsförmigen Austragen einer Flüssigkeit, insbesondere eines Feuerlöschmittels

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DE4236543C2 (de) * 1992-10-29 1996-06-13 Preussag Ag Minimax Kombinierte Gas-/Flüssigkeits-Löschanlage
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Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3762477A (en) * 1971-06-09 1973-10-02 G Mobley Fire protection system
DE2257035A1 (de) 1972-11-21 1974-08-29 Verband Der Sachversicherer E Stationaere loeschanlage
DE2344908A1 (de) 1973-09-06 1975-03-20 Verband Der Sachversicherer E Verfahren zur automatischen meldung und loeschung von braenden sowie ortsfeste feuerloeschanlagen zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
US4082148A (en) * 1976-07-26 1978-04-04 A-T-O Inc. Fire protection system
GB2187641A (en) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-16 Iron Work Nishimura Co Ltd Automatic fire extinguishing system
WO1995002434A1 (fr) * 1993-07-12 1995-01-26 Invention Technologies Pty. Ltd. Appareil d'extinction d'incendie
DE4343887A1 (de) 1993-12-22 1995-06-29 Nischk Joerg Dipl Betriebsw Feuerlöschanlage zum Schutz von hochwertigen und empfindlichen Objekten
EP0661081A1 (fr) 1993-12-23 1995-07-05 Cerberus Ag Procédé et dispositif pour optimaliser la consommation de la substance et/ou du temps d'extinction du feu pour solides et liquides enflammés
DE4436135A1 (de) 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Oertzen Arndt H Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum impulsförmigen Austragen einer Flüssigkeit, insbesondere eines Feuerlöschmittels

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