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WO1997012768A1 - Vehicule, notamment vehicule amphibie - Google Patents

Vehicule, notamment vehicule amphibie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997012768A1
WO1997012768A1 PCT/HU1996/000055 HU9600055W WO9712768A1 WO 1997012768 A1 WO1997012768 A1 WO 1997012768A1 HU 9600055 W HU9600055 W HU 9600055W WO 9712768 A1 WO9712768 A1 WO 9712768A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
wheels
supporting units
supporting
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/HU1996/000055
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
János KOVÁCS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU71416/96A priority Critical patent/AU7141696A/en
Publication of WO1997012768A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997012768A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F3/00—Amphibious vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling both on land and on water; Land vehicles capable of travelling under water
    • B60F3/003—Parts or details of the vehicle structure; vehicle arrangements not otherwise provided for
    • B60F3/0038—Flotation, updrift or stability devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
    • B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
    • B63B1/36—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/38—Propulsive elements directly acting on water characterised solely by flotation properties, e.g. drums
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle, especially an amphibious vehicle for traffic on mainland, water or swamp.
  • the vehicles are not capable for a traffic both on mainland and water or swamp as well, except the so called “amphibious vehicle” which mostly serves mili ⁇ tary purposes ⁇ see e.g. "M ⁇ szaki Lexikon” (Technical Encyclopedia), Publisher: Akademia Kiad ⁇ , Budapest, 1972, Volume II, page 536 ⁇ .
  • These vehicles are normal cars or trucks when they travel on land, but they float on the water, and are provided with a propeller driven by tbe engine of the vehicle.
  • the bottom part of the vehicle body sinks into the water and owing to its hydraulic resistance this type of vehicle can provide a relatively low speed on the water compared to the vehicles running on the land.
  • the same problem is to be taken into consideration at the air-cushion and double-body ships (catamaran-type) because in their standing position or at lower speeds a part of the ship body sinks into the water, that is why their acceleration needs a lot of energy.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved vehicle, espe- cially amphibious vehicle which eliminates these drawbacks, that is, it has a simple construction, relatively lower hydraulic resistance and higher speeds on water, and needs lower energy for its acceleration on water, compared to the known vehicle.
  • a further object to be solved by the invention lies in that the vehicle known in the prior art should be reconstructed to an "amphibious" vehicle in a relatively simple manner.
  • the object was solved by a vehicle, especially amphibious vehicle comprising a frame and at least one wheel mounted to the frame.
  • the essence of the invention lies in that - in on water floating state - the quotient (m/V) of the whole vehicle mass (m) and the volume (V) of the wheel and/or that of at least one additional supporting unit is smaller than 1000 kg/m 3 , preferably 300-500 kg/m .
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a bottom view ofthe vehicle illustrated in Figure 1;
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate side and bottom view of the second embodiment, respectively
  • Figure 5 is a bottom view of a third embodiment
  • Figures 6 and 7 are further variants ofthe vehicle shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a side view of a fourth embodiment
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a bicycle according to the invention in side and bot ⁇ tom view, respectively;
  • Figures 11 and 12 illustrate a motorcycle according to the invention in side and bottom view, respectively;
  • Figures 13 and 14 show a truck according to the invention in side and bottom view, respectively;
  • Figures 15 and 16 illustrate a ship according to the invention in side and bot ⁇ tom view, respectively; and Figures 17 and 18 show a further embodiment of the invention in side and bottom view, respectively.
  • the first embodiment of the invention is a special amphibious auto- mobile 1 comprising a frame 2 (including car body), front steered wheels 3 and rear driven wheels 4.
  • the front wheels 3 can also be driven in a known manner (like at the cross-country vehicle).
  • the frame 2 (with the vehicle body) is fully above a water level 5 when the automobile 1 is floating or swimming on the water. Therefore the wheels 3, 4 are dimensioned in such a manner in this embodiment, that the quotient (m/V) of the whole vehicle mass m and the volume V of the wheels 3 and 4 should be smaller than 1000 kg/m 3 , preferably 300-500 kg/m 3 , when the automobile is on the water.
  • the whole mass of the automobile 1 was 1000 kg, so the whole internal hollow volume ofthe wheels 3 and 4 was selected to 3 m 3 , that is each of the wheels 3 and 4 had an internal hollow volume of 500 dm .
  • We used for the wheels 3 and 4 tyres (tires) having the following external dimensions: diame ⁇ ter: 1,26 m; width: 0,6 m.
  • an amphibious automobile 1 can be made according to the invention which can run on the land without any problems, but it can also be used on water or swamp, if necessary. Because the frame 2 (and the car body) is always above the water surface 5, this automobile 1 can be accelerated easier and can reach higher speeds than the traditional vehicles.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a further embodiment of an automobile 1 which differs from the vehicle according to Figure 1 and 2 in that it is provided with additional support ⁇ ing units, that is, a front supporting unit 6, a rear supporting unit 7, two middle sup ⁇ porting units 8 between the wheels 3 and 4 and in the present case further five-five intermediate supporting units 9 arranged below the frame 2 between the front and rear supporting units 6, 7 and the middle supporting units 8 (Fig. 3).
  • the supporting units 6-9 are formed as hollow drums filled with compressed gas, preferably air, and they are freely rotatably connected to the frame 2. Each own rotation axis of said supporting units 6-9 is designated with dash and dot line in Figure 4.
  • the supporting units 6-9 are made as inflatable rolls of flexible material, preferably suitable synthetics or rubber. Instead of compressed gas the hollow body of the sup ⁇ porting units 6-9 can be filled with other light materials having a density smaller than that of water, e.g. granular polystyrene. On the other hand, the supporting units 6-9 can be made as solid rolls or wheels of light synthetic materials.
  • the volume V of the wheels 3 and 4 and that of the sup- porting units 6-9 is dimensioned in such a way that the quotient (m/V) of the whole vehicle mass m and this volume V should be smaller than 1000 kg m 3 , preferably 300-500 kg/m 3 .
  • the whole mass m of the vehicle was 2000 kg, therefore the volume V of the wheels 3 and 4, and that of the supporting units 6-9 was dimensioned about 3,3 m ⁇ so the value ofthe quotient (m/V) was 300 kg/m 3 .
  • FIG 5 a further embodiment of the invention can be seen which differs from the vehicle of Figure 4 in that here the supporting units 9 have been left off, and the sup ⁇ porting units 6-8 are adjustable or expandable in transverse direction to a longitudinal axis ofthe automobile 1 (as indicated with broken lines).
  • each of the sup ⁇ porting units 6-8 is composed of two coaxial wheels and their track distance can be adjusted in a known manner. Thereby the stability and the loading of the vehicle can be increased.
  • each of supporting units 6 and 7 is completed with two lateral safety sup ⁇ porting units 10.
  • one safety supporting unit 11 is arranged in front of the supporting unit 6 and an other one behind the rear supporting unit 7.
  • These safety supporting units 10, 11 are freely rotatably (around their own axis) arranged on the frame 2 and are formed as flexible inflatable rolls, which will be filled with com ⁇ pressed air in case of an emergency. So by means of the lateral supporting units 10 the supporting units 6 and 7 can be “expanded" laterally.
  • said support- ing units 10 and 1 1 the stability and loading capacity of the vehicle can further be in ⁇ creased.
  • Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of the invention. It differs from the automobile 1 according to Figure 3 in that the supporting units 6 and 7 are freely rotatably con ⁇ nected to the frame 2 in such a manner that their relative height can be adjusted e.g. by means of a hydraulic working cylinder (not illustrated).
  • the basic position of the supporting units 6 and 7 is marked with solid lines, from which they are sinkable into their lower position (marked with broken lines) for decelerating the automobile 1. This effect, in combination with the normal braking effect of the wheels 3 and 4, provide a more effective braking of the automobile 1 on water.
  • the braking effect can further be assisted by means of brake plates 12, each of them is tiltably connected to the frame 2 through a pivot 13 and tiltable from its horizontal basic position to a vertical braking position around the pivot axis by means of e. g. a hydraulic working cylinder 14.
  • the tyres o the wheels 3 and 4 are provided with special patterning and, if necessary, the supporting units 6 and 7, too. Furthermore, the free rotation of the supporting units 6 and 7 can also be decelerated by means of an additional brake (not illustrated).
  • the term "automobile” is to be understood in broader sense, including cars, motor-lorries, busses, etc.
  • Figures 9 and 10 illustrate a further embodiment ofthe amphibious vehicle according to the invention which is a special bicycle 15. It has a traditional frame 16; front and rear wheels 17 and 18, and a pedal drive.
  • the bicycle 15 is provided with additional supporting units 19-22.
  • the first supporting unit 19 is ar ⁇ ranged in front of the wheel 17, the second supporting unit 20 is behind the rear wheel 18; the third supporting units 21 have disc-like form and are arranged on both sides of the wheels 17, 18; and the fourth supporting units are formed as wheels and arranged in the middle region ofthe bicycle 15.
  • Each of these supporting units 19-22 are freely rotatably connected to the frame 16, and made as flexible inflatable rolls or wheels filled with compressed air.
  • the supporting units 19-20 are dimensioned as discussed above. When running on land, the supporting units 19-22 can be dis ⁇ mounted from the bicycle.
  • a tricycle can be rebuilt to an amphibious vehicle in a similar manner (not illustrated).
  • FIGs 1 1 and 12 show an amphibious motorcycle 23 according to the invention. (Similar elements have been designated with the same reference numbers as in Fig ⁇ ures 9 and 10).
  • the whole mass (m) of the motorcycle 23 was 500 kg, so the whole hollow volume (V) of the wheels 17 and 18 and the supporting units 19-22 was di ⁇ mensioned to about 1,5 m .
  • this motorcycle 23 can move on water safely even with two persons. In its floating position the water level was designated with 5 (Fig. 1 1). A tricycle driven by motor can be rebuilt according to the invention similarly.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 A further embodiment ofthe invention can be seen in Figures 13 and 14, which is an amphibious truck 24 comprising a prime mover 25 and at least one trailer 26 being hinged to the prime mover 25.
  • the prime mover 25 has steered and driven front wheels 27 and driven rear wheels 28.
  • the front and rear wheels ofthe trailer 26 were marked with 29 and 30, respectively.
  • both the prime mover 25 and said at least one trailer 26 are provided with supporting units 31, 32, 33 and 34, 35, 36, respectively.
  • the sup ⁇ porting units 31-36 are arraged as freely rotatable flexible wheels or rolls and they are filled with compressed air.
  • a common bottom plane of the wheels 27, 28, 29, 30 lies with a distance T deeper than a common bottom plane of the supporting units 31- 36.
  • the distance T can be chosen in this embodiment about 5-25 cm.
  • the truck 27 can be seen in standing position (floating on the water). By this arrangement the truck 27 or similar vehicles (omn i busses, jointss) can move on water without any reloading.
  • FIGs 15 and 16 show a further embodiment ofthe amphibious vehicle according to the invention which is formed as a ship 37 being able to run on the land or swamp.
  • This ship 37 is provided with front steered wheels 38, rear driven wheels 39 and ad ⁇ ditional supporting units 40, 41, 42 which are freely rotatably connected to body of the ship 37.
  • the wheels 38 and 39 as well as the sup ⁇ porting unit 40-42 are arranged and dimensioned in such a manner that their parts sinking into the water (below the water level 5) keep the ship body above a water level 5.
  • There is a distance T between the lower plane of the wheels 38 and 39 as well as the common lower plane of the supporting units 40-42 (similarly as in the previous embodiments).
  • the ship 37 can be seen in its floating position (or at lower speed) in which a part of the supporting units 40-42 is sinking into the water, too. It should be clear for a skilled person in the art that at higher speeds only a part of the wheels 38, 39 is sinking into the water, because the ship 37 has emerged from the water, thereby the hydraulic resistance of the ships 37 can be reduced. In a given case the front wheels 39 can also be driven.
  • the wheels 38, 39 and the supporting units 40-42 can be provided with a special profile to improve the transfer of the driving and braking energy.
  • Other ships having two ship bodies can be rebuilt to an amphibious vehicle according to the invention similarly.
  • Figures 17 and 18 illustrate a special embodiment of the invention which is an aeroplane (airplane) 43 being able to land on the water or swamp, too.
  • aeroplane airplane
  • the aeroplane 43 is provided with supporting units 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 which are freely rotatably arranged on the body frame under fuselage and/or air wings thereof (Fig. 17).
  • supporting units 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49 which are freely rotatably arranged on the body frame under fuselage and/or air wings thereof (Fig. 17).
  • the whole mass (m) of the aeroplane 43 is about 100.000 kg, then the whole hollow volume (V) of the supporting units 44-49 should be more than 200 m 3 .
  • These sup ⁇ porting units 44-49 rise the whole body and air wings of the aeroplane 43 from the water during landing, floating and starting (see Figure 17).
  • the supporting units 44-49 are made as flexible inflatable wheels or rolls which can be pulled into cavities of the fuselage or air wings (e. g. similarly as the known landing wheels 50, see Figure 18) at higher speeds. Thereby the air resistance thereof can be reduced.
  • the supporting units 44-49 are pushed out and filled with compressed air, so they assist a "soft" landing.
  • each of the supporting units 44-49 can be provided with an additional brake to improve the braking effect of the aeroplane at landing when the supporting units 44-49 already are in connection with the water.
  • One of the most important advantage of the invention is that the known vehicles running on land can easily be reconstructed to amphibious vehicles according to the invention, which can move on water or swamp, too, without any limitations. This is of great importance from the view of transport of people and goods, especially in the agriculture. Further advantage of the invention is in that the vehicle can move on water much quicker and cheaper, owing to the reduced hydraulic resistance, than the known ships having ship-body sinking partly into the water. Again, landing on the water seems to be much more simple and inexpensive than on land. Using the de ⁇ scribed trucks, a great part of the goods transport could be carried out on water, and because these trucks can run on land, too, the cost intensive and time consuming har ⁇ bour discharging and reloading could be eliminated.
  • a further advantage ofthe invention is in that the known and used vehicles can be re ⁇ constructed in a relatively simple manner to the claimed amphibious vehicle by amending the existing wheels and/or equipping them with the supporting units ac ⁇ cording to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un véhicule, notamment un véhicule amphibie, destiné au trafic sur la terre ferme, l'eau et les zones marécageuses. Ce véhicule est pourvu d'un châssis (2) et d'au moins une roue (3, 4). L'invention repose sur ce principe que le quotient (m/V) de la masse totale du véhicule (m) et du volume (V) de la roue (3, 4) et/ou d'une unité complémentaire de support (6-9), au moins, est inférieur à 1000 kg/m3, compris, de préférence, entre 300 et 500 kg/m3, lorsque le véhicule se trouve sur l'eau.
PCT/HU1996/000055 1995-10-05 1996-09-30 Vehicule, notamment vehicule amphibie Ceased WO1997012768A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU71416/96A AU7141696A (en) 1995-10-05 1996-09-30 Vehicle, especially amphibious vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP9502906 1995-10-05
HU9502906A HU9502906D0 (en) 1995-10-05 1995-10-05 Vehicle being able to transport on water, swampy and solid road

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997012768A1 true WO1997012768A1 (fr) 1997-04-10

Family

ID=10987269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1996/000055 Ceased WO1997012768A1 (fr) 1995-10-05 1996-09-30 Vehicule, notamment vehicule amphibie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7141696A (fr)
HU (1) HU9502906D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997012768A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010076611A1 (fr) * 2009-01-05 2010-07-08 Mohamed Khalil Omran Eghfaier Bateaux rapides à roues
RU169383U1 (ru) * 2016-05-25 2017-03-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" Легкий колесный вездеход
WO2020104707A1 (fr) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-28 GANZABAL LIBERATI, Alejandro Roman Structure flottante pour transport formée par un agencement en train de corps de révolution rotatifs diminuant sa résistance à l'avancement pendant la navigation
EP4549244A3 (fr) * 2023-10-30 2025-09-17 RufDiamond Ltd. Véhicule utilitaire tout-terrain à plate-forme démontable

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE13272C (de) * A. HU6T, Lehrer an der polytechn. Schule in Delft oude Delft 46 Neuerungen im Bau und in der Fortbewegung von Wasserfahrzeugen
FR416002A (fr) * 1910-02-14 1910-10-10 Lehmkuhl Simon Peter Franz Perfectionnements aux moyens propres à diminuer la résistance des navires à la propulsion
FR19451E (fr) * 1914-05-09 1915-02-11 Schweitzer Et Cie J Système de véhicules roulant sur l'eau et roues à pales rationnelles pour le déjaugeage et l'avancement de ces véhicules
FR674417A (fr) * 1928-09-19 1930-01-28 Perfectionnement apporté aux véhicules aquatique
CH325728A (de) * 1957-01-24 1957-11-15 Karl Bollschweiler Hans Fahrzeug für Wasser und Land
US3107643A (en) * 1962-06-08 1963-10-22 Theodoric B Edwards Inflatable wheel pontoons
US3606856A (en) * 1969-01-08 1971-09-21 Ernesto Octavio Moraga Cyclo amphibious
FR2138583A1 (fr) * 1971-05-27 1973-01-05 Rose Francois
US3898949A (en) * 1972-04-03 1975-08-12 John Antony Kearsey Amphibious vehicles
FR2412431A1 (fr) * 1977-12-22 1979-07-20 Thiery Marcel Roues flottantes associees a une embarcation

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE13272C (de) * A. HU6T, Lehrer an der polytechn. Schule in Delft oude Delft 46 Neuerungen im Bau und in der Fortbewegung von Wasserfahrzeugen
FR416002A (fr) * 1910-02-14 1910-10-10 Lehmkuhl Simon Peter Franz Perfectionnements aux moyens propres à diminuer la résistance des navires à la propulsion
FR19451E (fr) * 1914-05-09 1915-02-11 Schweitzer Et Cie J Système de véhicules roulant sur l'eau et roues à pales rationnelles pour le déjaugeage et l'avancement de ces véhicules
FR674417A (fr) * 1928-09-19 1930-01-28 Perfectionnement apporté aux véhicules aquatique
CH325728A (de) * 1957-01-24 1957-11-15 Karl Bollschweiler Hans Fahrzeug für Wasser und Land
US3107643A (en) * 1962-06-08 1963-10-22 Theodoric B Edwards Inflatable wheel pontoons
US3606856A (en) * 1969-01-08 1971-09-21 Ernesto Octavio Moraga Cyclo amphibious
FR2138583A1 (fr) * 1971-05-27 1973-01-05 Rose Francois
US3898949A (en) * 1972-04-03 1975-08-12 John Antony Kearsey Amphibious vehicles
FR2412431A1 (fr) * 1977-12-22 1979-07-20 Thiery Marcel Roues flottantes associees a une embarcation

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010076611A1 (fr) * 2009-01-05 2010-07-08 Mohamed Khalil Omran Eghfaier Bateaux rapides à roues
RU169383U1 (ru) * 2016-05-25 2017-03-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тихоокеанский государственный университет" Легкий колесный вездеход
WO2020104707A1 (fr) * 2018-11-19 2020-05-28 GANZABAL LIBERATI, Alejandro Roman Structure flottante pour transport formée par un agencement en train de corps de révolution rotatifs diminuant sa résistance à l'avancement pendant la navigation
CN113272220A (zh) * 2018-11-19 2021-08-17 亚历杭德罗·罗马·甘萨巴里贝拉蒂 减小航行过程中的前进阻力的由旋转回转体串列装置形成的用于运输的浮体结构
JP2022519972A (ja) * 2018-11-19 2022-03-28 エデュアルド アークシン カルロス 航行中での前進に対する抵抗を減少させる回転体のタンデム配置によって形成される輸送用浮体構造
US12179884B2 (en) 2018-11-19 2024-12-31 Alejandro Roman Ganzabal Liberati Floating structure for transport formed by a train arrangement of rotary bodies of revolution which reduces the drag of same during sailing
EP4549244A3 (fr) * 2023-10-30 2025-09-17 RufDiamond Ltd. Véhicule utilitaire tout-terrain à plate-forme démontable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7141696A (en) 1997-04-28
HU9502906D0 (en) 1995-12-28

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