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WO1996031888A1 - Transformateur a isolation a corps solide - Google Patents

Transformateur a isolation a corps solide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996031888A1
WO1996031888A1 PCT/IB1996/000273 IB9600273W WO9631888A1 WO 1996031888 A1 WO1996031888 A1 WO 1996031888A1 IB 9600273 W IB9600273 W IB 9600273W WO 9631888 A1 WO9631888 A1 WO 9631888A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
transformer
cast
solid
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB1996/000273
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Claude Paradis
Marcel Fortin
Michael Edward Haas
Thomas J. Lanoue
Jean-Guy Pineault
Robert Guillemette
Mohammed Chaaban
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CENTRE D'INNOVATION SUR LE TRANSPORT D'ENERGIE DU QUEBEC
Original Assignee
CENTRE D'INNOVATION SUR LE TRANSPORT D'ENERGIE DU QUEBEC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/417,906 external-priority patent/US5656984A/en
Priority claimed from CA 2146474 external-priority patent/CA2146474C/fr
Application filed by CENTRE D'INNOVATION SUR LE TRANSPORT D'ENERGIE DU QUEBEC filed Critical CENTRE D'INNOVATION SUR LE TRANSPORT D'ENERGIE DU QUEBEC
Priority to GB9720560A priority Critical patent/GB2316240B/en
Priority to AU49521/96A priority patent/AU4952196A/en
Priority to BR9604862A priority patent/BR9604862A/pt
Publication of WO1996031888A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996031888A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/18—Liquid cooling by evaporating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/022—Encapsulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid or dry transformer, i.e. a transformer in which the dielectric insulation is a solid instead of a liquid, e.g. oil, or gas, e.g. circulated air.
  • the invention relates further to a solid or dry distribution transformer.
  • a solid transformer which overcomes the known difficulties of solid or dry transformer construction and manufacture.
  • a solid insulation transformer comprising a core, a primary coil and a secondary coil wound around at least one limb of the core, a solid cast dielectric material filling a space between the primary coil, the secondary coil and the core, and a compressible sheet material provided between the core and the cast dielectric material.
  • the compressible sheet material is preferably resilient.
  • a closed cell temperature resistant foamed rubber or silicone material is suitable.
  • a silicone sealant which is non-corrosive is preferably used, i.e. silicone sealant which releases acetic acid during curing is not recommended since the acetic acid can corrode the core.
  • a solid transformer comprising a core, a primary coil and a secondary coil wound around at least one limb of the core, a solid cast dielectric material filling a space between the primary coil, the secondary coil and the core, an outer casing covering at least a lateral exterior surface of the cast material and incorporating a grounded conductive layer.
  • the casing contains the cast material in case the cast material cracks as a result of thermal stress or arcing, and the grounded conductive layer prevents an electric shock hazard on an exterior of the transformer.
  • the outer casing is made from pieces of preformed multi-layer fiber reinforced material and resin, the resin preferably not including any filler.
  • Carbon fiber is included or incorporated inside the shell components, and the carbon fiber material is a relatively good conductor.
  • the shell components of the outer casing are preferably bonded together and provide a tough outer shell.
  • the multi-layer fiber-reinforced material preferably absorbs the energy of a crack or fissure in the cast material by deforming and undergoing layer separation locally while preventing solid fragments from escaping. This preferred construction provides what is known as a ballistic quality to the outer casing.
  • a solid transformer comprising a core, a primary coil and a secondary coil wound around at least one limb of the core, heat exchange means provided between at least one of the coils and the core for conducting heat to an outside of the transformer, and a solid cast dielectric material filling a space between the primary coil, the secondary coil and the core.
  • the heat exchange means preferably comprise a copper or other good thermal conductor heat pipe system which, by being placed between the coil and the core instead of between the concentric coils, does not adversely affect the dielectric medium between the coils.
  • the heat exchange means comprise at least one heat pipe. Heat pipes are known in the art.
  • the reference to "concentric” simply means contained within the perimeter of one another, it being acknowledged that the core does not have to be circular and is most likely to be of a rectangular cross-section and thus the coils will not have a circular cross-section in most cases.
  • the cast dielectric material fills a space between the primary and secondary coils in order to insulate one from the other.
  • a mechanical support of the coils and the core is provided by the cast dielectric material, although such support is initially provided by other means until the casting is complete.
  • the entire core as well as the coils are submerged in the dielectric material as a liquid which is then cured to become a solid.
  • the entire core is preferably covered with the resilient compressible material to allow for expansion and contraction of the core during curing and operation.
  • Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of the molded solid transformer according to the preferred embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal cross-section of the solid transformer illustrated in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a detailed cross-section of the way in which the core and coils are assembled according to the preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the molded transformer with its outer casing members before assembly according to the preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the basic construction of the solid insulation distribution transformer according to the preferred embodiment.
  • the transformer 10 has a core 12 and coils or windings 14.
  • An outer casing 16 surrounds a molded mass 18.
  • the molded mass 18 is a dielectric resin which completely encases and surrounds the core 12 and the windings 14.
  • a bracket (not shown) connected to the core exterior side casing 34 supports the windings 14.
  • the high voltage and the low voltage terminals are provided at the front on connectors as shown at 21.
  • Heat generated by the core 12 and the windings 14 is extracted by four heat pipes 22 each having conductive heat sink blades 50 for collecting heat in the region between the core 12 and the windings 14 to draw the heat up towards radiators 24.
  • the distribution transformer 10 is mounted on a base 20, the base being engageable by a forklift for ease of manipulation.
  • the magnetic core is not directly cast in the solid dielectric material 18 but rather it is surrounded by a resilient and compressible sheet material 30.
  • the compressible sheet material 30 is constricted as the cast material shrinks.
  • the core is thus also allowed to vibrate and to undergo thermal expansion and contraction without breaking away from the solid cast material 18.
  • a silicone foam rubber (closed cell) sheet material 30 is wrapped around all of the core 12. Silicone sealant is used to close together and render resin-tight the compressible sheet material 30 at the seam or seams thereof.
  • the laminated core 12 thus does not soak up the liquid cast dielectric material 18 during molding.
  • the silicone sealant used to seal up the sheet material 30 is preferably the kind which does not release acetic acid during curing to avoid subjecting the laminated core 12 to the acetic acid.
  • the resilient foam sheet material 30 is partly surrounded by steel casing plates 34 on its outer sides at the base and free elongated limb by which the whole of the core 12 and coils 14 is supported when mounted to base 20.
  • the casing plates 34 may be made of metal of composite material.
  • any possible cracks due to thermal build-up in the mass of molded dielectric material 18 surrounding the core 12 are prevented from propagating radially by a series of concentric dielectric sheets 62 placed between the primary coil 66 and the secondary coil 64, as well as between the secondary coil 64 and the grounded outer casing 16. While these sheets 62 are shown to be concentric square-shaped tubes, it would, of course, be possible to provide a spiral of a continuous sheet in order to place a plurality of sheets between the primary and secondary coils.
  • the molded dielectric material 18 fills the spacing between the sheets 62.
  • the sheets 62 e.g.
  • NOMEXTM paper which is a synthetic fiber paper-like web material having good dielectric properties as well as good physical strength and flexibility when provided in a thickness not much thicker than standard bond paper) are held in place by spacers generally indicated by reference numeral 60.
  • the spacers 60 may be made of fiberglass strips or the like.
  • the heat pipes 22 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3 are arranged to extract heat from the core 12 and the secondary low voltage windings 64.
  • Heat pipes well known in the art, are heat transfer devices consisting of a sealed metal tube with an inner lining of wicklike capillary material and a small amount of fluid in a partial vacuum, in which heat is absorbed at one end by vaporization of the fluid and is released at the other end by condensation of the vapor. Heat absorbed by the pipes 22 within the distribution transformer 10 causes the liquid contained within the wick structure to evaporate. The vapor in the center of the heat pipes 22 moves through the wick-like coating in the radiator end of the pipes 22 to condense and release heat to the radiator fins 24.
  • the wick-like coating transports the liquid by capillary action from the condenser section outside the transformer to the evaporator section inside the transformer where the heat is generated.
  • the blades 50 help collect the heat from within the transformer for transport by the heat pipes 22.
  • An insulator strip 52 e.g. a NOMEX strip is used to separate the two sets of blades 50 in order to electrically insulate the two and prevent a current loop.
  • the heat pipes are arranged on the outside of the silicone sheet material 30. Heat is more readily absorbed in this way from the low voltage windings 64. Heat which builds up in the core 12 is collected by the heat pipes as it passes through the sheet material 30. The heat generated by the outer high voltage windings 66 is dissipated through the cast dielectric 18 to the outer casing 16 and to the ambient air.
  • two heat pipes 22 are provided on each lateral side of the core 12. This has proven to be efficient for removing the heat that is generated in the case of a 167 kVA distribution transformer.
  • the outer casing 16 which surrounds the solid body 18 comprises an outer multi-layer fiberglass shell 42 with an inner carbon fiber cloth liner 44.
  • the shell members comprise interlocking tabs 46 which allow the fiberglass shell members to be glued together to form a rigid and solid shell completely surrounding the sides of the distribution transformer 10.
  • thin copper strips 48 are connected to the cloth liner 44 in order to connect the cloth to ground.
  • the cast insulating material 18 may be made from a resin-filler mixture, such as the Ciba-Geigy resin sold under the name "Araldite CW229" mixed with a Wollastenite powder filler (CaSi ⁇ 3).
  • the filler upgrades the resin structural properties.
  • the dilation coefficient of the set resin-filler composite is also close to that of steel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)

Abstract

Le transformateur d'isolation à corps solide (10) décrit dans l'invention présente un noyau central (12) rectangulaire recouvert d'une mousse compressible à alvéoles fermés destinée à éliminer toute charge pendant le traitement du corps diélectrique coulé (18) qui entoure le noyau (12) et en cours de fonctionnement. Des tubes de chauffe (22), placés entre la bobine intérieure et le noyau, servent à extraire la chaleur avant que la température ne s'accumule. Pour des raisons de sécurité et afin d'éviter de prévoir une enceinte séparée, le transformateur est doté d'un boîtier extérieur (16) à couches multiples dans lequel est incorporée une couche conductrice mise à la terre qui couvre les parois latérales de la pièce coulée (18). Ce boîtier extérieur évite toute explosion en cas de panne du corps diélectrique ou de formation d'arc, en même temps qu'il réduit le risque d'électrocution.
PCT/IB1996/000273 1995-04-06 1996-04-01 Transformateur a isolation a corps solide Ceased WO1996031888A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9720560A GB2316240B (en) 1995-04-06 1996-04-01 Solid insulation transformer
AU49521/96A AU4952196A (en) 1995-04-06 1996-04-01 Solid insulation transformer
BR9604862A BR9604862A (pt) 1995-04-06 1996-04-01 Transformador sólido de isolamento

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/417,906 1995-04-06
CA2,146,474 1995-04-06
US08/417,906 US5656984A (en) 1995-04-06 1995-04-06 Solid insulation transformer
CA 2146474 CA2146474C (fr) 1995-04-06 1995-04-06 Transformateur a isolant solide

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996031888A1 true WO1996031888A1 (fr) 1996-10-10

Family

ID=25677885

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1996/000273 Ceased WO1996031888A1 (fr) 1995-04-06 1996-04-01 Transformateur a isolation a corps solide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4952196A (fr)
GB (1) GB2316240B (fr)
MX (1) MX9707684A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996031888A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0880151A3 (fr) * 1997-05-23 1999-09-29 ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation (Technology) GmbH Ensemble d'inductances pour un redresseur de courant
RU2150761C1 (ru) * 1999-06-11 2000-06-10 Миронов Андрей Вадимович Устройство преобразования тока и напряжения
EP2079087A1 (fr) 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Agencement doté d'au moins un enroulement électrique
WO2013055926A1 (fr) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Enphase Energy, Inc. Procédé et appareil de réduction des effets de la pression sur un dispositif encapsulé

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4523171A (en) * 1982-08-06 1985-06-11 Transformatoren Union Ag Dry-type transformer with windings cast in casting resin

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4523171A (en) * 1982-08-06 1985-06-11 Transformatoren Union Ag Dry-type transformer with windings cast in casting resin

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0880151A3 (fr) * 1997-05-23 1999-09-29 ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation (Technology) GmbH Ensemble d'inductances pour un redresseur de courant
RU2150761C1 (ru) * 1999-06-11 2000-06-10 Миронов Андрей Вадимович Устройство преобразования тока и напряжения
EP2079087A1 (fr) 2008-01-09 2009-07-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Agencement doté d'au moins un enroulement électrique
DE102008004342B3 (de) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-30 Mdexx Gmbh Anordnung mit mindestens einer elektrischen Wicklung
WO2013055926A1 (fr) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Enphase Energy, Inc. Procédé et appareil de réduction des effets de la pression sur un dispositif encapsulé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9720560D0 (en) 1997-11-26
AU4952196A (en) 1996-10-23
GB2316240B (en) 2000-06-07
MX9707684A (es) 1998-08-30
GB2316240A (en) 1998-02-18

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