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WO1996014970A1 - Pieces formees a base de bois et procede de preparation - Google Patents

Pieces formees a base de bois et procede de preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996014970A1
WO1996014970A1 PCT/FI1995/000623 FI9500623W WO9614970A1 WO 1996014970 A1 WO1996014970 A1 WO 1996014970A1 FI 9500623 W FI9500623 W FI 9500623W WO 9614970 A1 WO9614970 A1 WO 9614970A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
mixture
gluten
process according
hardened
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI1995/000623
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kirsti Riipola
Hellevi Botska
Saila JÄMSÄ
Pertti Viitaniemi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Original Assignee
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd filed Critical VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd
Priority to AU38732/95A priority Critical patent/AU3873295A/en
Publication of WO1996014970A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996014970A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wood-based form parts according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such form parts generally contain a finely-divided wood material, which has been mixed with a binder and hardened to desired shape.
  • the invention also concerns a method according to the preamble of claim 8 for preparing wood-based form parts.
  • the invention relates to the use of the present form parts as heat insulation.
  • Mineral wool belongs to the most common heat insulation materials of buildings. In horizontal constructions cellulose wool is also used. Wood fibre boards have been used as insulation elements particularly in remodelled buildings. Before the development of the heat insulation materials industry, wood chips and saw dust were used for heat insulation purposes.
  • mineral wool constructions behave differently under humid conditions than solid constructions, for which reason typical wool constructions generally have to be provided with a polymer foil working as a steam barrier.
  • Cellulose wool is usually suitable only for horizontal constructions. The use of it for vertical constructions has been tested by spraying wet cellulose wool onto the walls. However, by this way the construction is subjected to a large humidity stress. Cellulose wool cannot be used in any other way for insulation of vertical constructions.
  • the heat insulation of fibre boards is not as good as of mineral wool and the thickness of the products is limited. The thermal resistance of chips has found to be rather poor. As an additional problem it should be mentioned that wood chips without binders settle and the heat insulation of the upper part of the construction will deteriorate with time.
  • the invention is based on the concept of using gluten or a similar cereal-based protein as a binder of finely-divided wood material.
  • Mixed with the wood raw material gluten will improve its mixability, it will work as a foaming agent and as a binder, and as a result, by using the gluten it will become possible to prepare porous parts, which have good thermal resistance and sufficiently good mechanical properties.
  • gluten denotes the protein substance of the seed protein of wheat consisting of proteins soluble in alcohol (i.e. gliadine) and of proteins insoluble in alcohol and water (i.e. glutelin). The last-mentioned protein- fraction is soluble in acids and bases.
  • Gluten which in Finnish also is called “sitko", is in its pure form a light yellow, neutral or weakly alkaline powder and its proteins contain on an average about 17.5 % nitrogen. It is of great importance for the baking properties of wheat.
  • Gluten is, however, used also as a vegetable protein in the food industry, for instance for preparation of glutamates, and as a glue. Gluten, its preparation and properties have been discussed, i.a., in the following articles: Pence et al., Cereal Chem. 22 (1950) 335 and Meredith, Cereal Sci. Today 2 (1964) 33, 54.
  • gluten is particularly preferred but other vegetable proteins having corresponding properties can also be used as well. It is important that the protein be at least partially water insoluble and that it forms a colloidal mixture with water. Suitable proteins are, for instance, the alcohol-insoluble protein fraction on maize which is a product known as a prolamine protein. It is called by the name zein and its properties are rather similar to those of gluten. Gluteiin which forms a part of gluten can also be obtained from oats, in which case it is called avenine, and from rice (oryzenin).
  • calcium-containing binders such as gypsum (CaSO 4 ) and cement can be used as binders of the wood-based form parts.
  • the cements can be traditional cements, such as Portland-cements, but also rapid cements are suitable for use.
  • the cements used can be comprised of slag-based cements, in which case alkali can be separately added to the mix as an activator of the cement.
  • the wood raw material used for the preparation of the form parts according to the invention comprise, for example, wood fibres, wood flour and/or wood chips.
  • the wood raw material is finely-divided, which means that the particle sizes of the wood flour is about 0.01 to 10 mm, preferably about 0.05 to 5 mm.
  • the cross-sections and thicknesses, respectively, of the wood fibres and wood chips are also about 0.01 to 10 mm, preferably about 0.05 to 5 mm.
  • the strength and porosity of the mixtures can be improved by using suitable foaming agents.
  • suitable foaming agents various carbonate-based substances, such as sodium bicarbonate and baking powder, which under the influence of heat and acid release carbon dioxide, can be mentioned.
  • the frothing is important for the provision of a sufficiently light structure which has the desired heat insulation properties.
  • Glycerol and/or glycol can further be used during manufacture.
  • the purpose of these substances is to improve moisture resistance.
  • the biological resistance of the product can be improved by adding a wood protection agent, e.g. a boron-containing agent which simultaneously works as a flame retardant.
  • a wood protection agent e.g. a boron-containing agent which simultaneously works as a flame retardant.
  • the weight ratio between the gluten and the wood raw material is preferably 0.05 to 3.
  • the general composition of a suitable mixture is as follows:
  • finely-divided wood raw material 50 - 1,000 parts by weight gluten 0.25 - 3000 parts by weight glycerol 0 - 500 parts by weight glycol 0 - 500 parts by weight cement 0 - 20.000 parts by weight gypsum 0 - 10.000 pans by weight foaming agent 0 - 500 parts by weight borax 0 - 1 ,000 parts by weight
  • compositions are particularly preferred.
  • finely-divided wood raw material 100 - 500 parts by weight gluten 100 - 500 parts by weight glycerol 0 - 200 parts by weight glycol 0 - 200 parts by weight cement 0 - 3,000 parts by weight gypsum 0 - 1,000 parts by weight feinting agent 0 - 50 parts by weight borax 0 - 200 parts by weight
  • the amount of water is preferably about 0.1 to 10 times the weight of dry matter.
  • the form parts can easily be shaped into the form required by the specific application by casting the foamed mixture into a mould and by letting it harden therein.
  • utility articles such as parts of furniture, can be prepared from the hardened mixtures.
  • the mixture is formed into a board, which can be used as insulation of buildings.
  • the density of a board of this kind is about 50 to 750 kg/m 3 , for example about 70 to 450 kg/m 3 , preferably about 70 to 200 kg/m 3 .
  • heat insulation materials are produced having a thermal conductivity of less than 0.07 W/m°C.
  • the products according to the present invention are prepared by a process according to which finely-divided wood material is mixed with gluten (or an equivalent protein product) to form a mixture which can be hardened, the mixture is shaped into desired form and - it is hardened to produce a form part.
  • a dry mixture is first formed from the wood raw material and gluten, water is added to the dry mixture to achieve an aqueous mixture, - the mixture is foamed and the foamed mixture is hardened.
  • This alternative is suitable for use when the gluten is present in the form of a dried powder.
  • liquid adjuvants such as glycerol and glycol
  • glycerol and glycol are added to the aqueous mixture preferably before frothing.
  • the amounts of gluten and foaming agents, if any, are selected so that by frothing the mixture a mix is obtained whose density after hardening is about 50 to 750 kg/m 3 , preferably, as mentioned above, about 70 to 200 kg/m 3 .
  • gluten makes up 10 to 750 parts by weight and the cement 0 to 750 parts by weight.
  • the finely-divided wood material is heat treated before it is mixed with gluten.
  • the heat treatment not only increases the dimensional stability of the wood material but it also lowers the sugar content of the wood material.
  • the last-mentioned fact is of importance for form parts which are prepared using also cement as a binder, because sugars are known to retard the hardening of cement.
  • a heat treatment of the indicated kind can be carried out at 150 to 300 °C in dry or preferably moist air.
  • the mixture can be hardened either at room temperature or at an increased temperature. In the latter alternative the temperature is kept at about 50 to 300 °C.
  • the hardening time at room temperature depends on the size of the part, but it generally lasts for a couple of days. At an increased temperature the mixture can be hardened within a few hours.
  • heat insulation products can be prepared from the form parts according to the invention.
  • a typical feature of these products is the use of renewable raw materials (wood, gluten of wheat) or waste materials (gypsum). Cement increases the strength of the material at the same time as the energy consumption of the preparation decreases.
  • the product can be prepared to the desired thickness.
  • the product contains so much wood raw material that it can be used for preparing walls without moisture barriers. This will make it possible to build without plastics.
  • the gluten works as a foaming agent and the products prepared are being characterized by lightness and good lambda-values.
  • the thermal resistance of the products is rather good, usually on the order of 0.05 to 0.08 W/m°C, for cement-free products even below 0.05, which are fully comparable with the values for mineral wool: 0.04 to 0.05 W/m°C.
  • the dry substances were dry mixed in a mixer. Then the water and the liquid adjuvants were added under vigorous mixing. During the addition of water the mixture started foaming.
  • a board of the size of about 0.3 x 0.5 x 0.05 m was prepared. It was kept at 200 °C for 1 hour and then it was dried at 150 °C for 3 hours and furtheron overnight in a heating chamber at 80 °C. During the heat treatment swelling of the board took place, but a part of the swelling was reversed after cooling of the board.
  • the thermal conductivity was determined at VTT Building Technology according to heat flow meter method (HFM method) of Standard ISO 8301. The ⁇ -value obtained was 0.05 W/m°C.
  • HFM method heat flow meter method
  • a wood-based board was prepared by using the procedure described in Example 1.
  • the thermal conductivity of the board was 0.05 W/m°C.
  • Example 2 2,100 ml water
  • a board was prepared which contained cement as a binder in addition to the gluten.
  • the board was hardened as described in Example 1 and its thermal conductivity was determined. It was found to have a ⁇ -value of 0.06 W/m ⁇ C.
  • Form parts containing gluten and cement as binders were prepared according to the following recipe:
  • the dry substances were first dry mixed in a mixer. Then, water was added under vigorous mixing to achieve foaming of the mix. The mix was shaped as desired into a form piece, which was allowed to dry at room temperature for one week.
  • the end product obtained comprised a light, board-formed insulation element, which can be used in a similar was as rigid board of mineral wool. It can be processed with conventional tools (knife and saw).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des pièces formées à base de bois qui sont faites en un matériau fait de particules de bois mélangées à un liant et mis à durcir dans la forme voulue. L'invention concerne également un procédé de préparation de ce matériau et l'utilisation des pièces formées. Selon la présente invention, le liant des pièces formées se compose au moins en partie de gluten ou d'un produit protidique d'origine céréalière, le rapport pondéral entre le gluten et le bois servant de matière première étant compris entre environ 0,05 et environ 3. Les particules de bois sont de préférence des copeaux de bois, des fibres de bois ou de la sciure. Selon une réalisation préférée, les pièces formées contiennent également du ciment et/ou du plâtre, et éventuellement un agent moussant, du glycérol, du glycol et/ou une matière contenant du bore. Les pièces formées selon l'invention peuvent être utilisées pour la préparation de plaques d'isolation thermique qui sont faciles à former. La résistance thermique de ces plaques est de l'ordre de 0,05 à 0,08 W/m °C.
PCT/FI1995/000623 1994-11-11 1995-11-13 Pieces formees a base de bois et procede de preparation Ceased WO1996014970A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU38732/95A AU3873295A (en) 1994-11-11 1995-11-13 Wood-based form parts and a method for the preparation thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI945337A FI98502C (fi) 1994-11-11 1994-11-11 Puuperäiset muotokappaleet ja menetelmä niiden valmistamiseksi
FI945337 1994-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996014970A1 true WO1996014970A1 (fr) 1996-05-23

Family

ID=8541790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1995/000623 Ceased WO1996014970A1 (fr) 1994-11-11 1995-11-13 Pieces formees a base de bois et procede de preparation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3873295A (fr)
FI (1) FI98502C (fr)
WO (1) WO1996014970A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998022267A1 (fr) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Hofa Homann Gmbh & Co. Kg Panneau de fibres isolant
WO2002059212A1 (fr) * 2001-01-23 2002-08-01 Amylum Europe N.V. Procede de preparation de materiaux composites contenant des liants naturels
EP1318000A3 (fr) * 2001-12-05 2003-07-09 IHD Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gGmbH Liant pour la fabrication des matériaux à base de bois ou le collage de bois et de matériaux à base de bois
GB2407061A (en) * 2003-10-15 2005-04-20 Conenor Oy Method of manufacturing a composite product
WO2013025954A3 (fr) * 2011-08-16 2013-05-10 Sinclair Dan Dwight Produit et procédé de suppression du feu, de la poussière et de l'érosion
WO2017009725A1 (fr) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Curione Mario Procédé permettant de travailler de la pâte à bois
WO2020011587A1 (fr) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Cellutech Ab Matériau poreux de fibres de cellulose et de gluten

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108947383A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2018-12-07 江苏尼高科技有限公司 纳米改性无机保温板及其制备工艺

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4496718A (en) * 1980-12-02 1985-01-29 Rudy N Jerome Integrally bonded compositions of cellulosics and products thereof directly from wet sawdust and the like
US5153242A (en) * 1985-03-18 1992-10-06 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Composition board including plant protein in binder
US5374670A (en) * 1985-03-18 1994-12-20 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Binders, method of making and using binders and structures made using binders

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4496718A (en) * 1980-12-02 1985-01-29 Rudy N Jerome Integrally bonded compositions of cellulosics and products thereof directly from wet sawdust and the like
US5153242A (en) * 1985-03-18 1992-10-06 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Composition board including plant protein in binder
US5344871A (en) * 1985-03-18 1994-09-06 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Method of making binder from naturally occurring agricultural products
US5374670A (en) * 1985-03-18 1994-12-20 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Nebraska Binders, method of making and using binders and structures made using binders

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998022267A1 (fr) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Hofa Homann Gmbh & Co. Kg Panneau de fibres isolant
WO2002059212A1 (fr) * 2001-01-23 2002-08-01 Amylum Europe N.V. Procede de preparation de materiaux composites contenant des liants naturels
US7387756B2 (en) 2001-01-23 2008-06-17 Tate & Lyle Europe Method for preparing composite materials containing natural binders
EP1318000A3 (fr) * 2001-12-05 2003-07-09 IHD Institut für Holztechnologie Dresden gGmbH Liant pour la fabrication des matériaux à base de bois ou le collage de bois et de matériaux à base de bois
GB2407061A (en) * 2003-10-15 2005-04-20 Conenor Oy Method of manufacturing a composite product
GB2407061B (en) * 2003-10-15 2007-12-12 Conenor Oy Method of manufacturing a composite product and composite product
WO2013025954A3 (fr) * 2011-08-16 2013-05-10 Sinclair Dan Dwight Produit et procédé de suppression du feu, de la poussière et de l'érosion
WO2017009725A1 (fr) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Curione Mario Procédé permettant de travailler de la pâte à bois
WO2020011587A1 (fr) * 2018-07-10 2020-01-16 Cellutech Ab Matériau poreux de fibres de cellulose et de gluten
CN112399987A (zh) * 2018-07-10 2021-02-23 切卢特克股份公司 纤维素纤维和麸质的多孔材料
JP2021531369A (ja) * 2018-07-10 2021-11-18 セルテック アーベー セルロース繊維及びグルテンの多孔性材料
JP7498881B2 (ja) 2018-07-10 2024-06-13 ストラ エンソ オーイーユィ セルロース繊維及びグルテンの多孔性材料
US12098259B2 (en) 2018-07-10 2024-09-24 Stora Enso Oyj Porous material of cellulose fibres and gluten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI98502B (fi) 1997-03-27
AU3873295A (en) 1996-06-06
FI945337L (fi) 1996-05-12
FI945337A0 (fi) 1994-11-11
FI98502C (fi) 1997-07-10

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