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WO1996010243A1 - Procede de reproduction tridimensionnelle de parties anatomiques, et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procede de reproduction tridimensionnelle de parties anatomiques, et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996010243A1
WO1996010243A1 PCT/IT1995/000155 IT9500155W WO9610243A1 WO 1996010243 A1 WO1996010243 A1 WO 1996010243A1 IT 9500155 W IT9500155 W IT 9500155W WO 9610243 A1 WO9610243 A1 WO 9610243A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
patterns
radiographic
dimensional
support base
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT1995/000155
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Massimo Zanna
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU35775/95A priority Critical patent/AU3577595A/en
Publication of WO1996010243A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996010243A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30—Anatomical models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/147—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using sheet material, e.g. laminated object manufacturing [LOM] or laminating sheet material precut to local cross sections of the 3D object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/42—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine
    • G05B19/4202—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model
    • G05B19/4207—Recording and playback systems, i.e. in which the programme is recorded from a cycle of operations, e.g. the cycle of operations being manually controlled, after which this record is played back on the same machine preparation of the programme medium using a drawing, a model in which a model is traced or scanned and corresponding data recorded
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/283—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for dentistry or oral hygiene
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45166—Tomography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45172—Prosthesis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49011—Machine 2-D slices, build 3-D model, laminated object manufacturing LOM

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for creating three-dimensional reproductions of human and animal body anatomical parts, such as organs, skeletal and muscular structures and the like, based on images from a usual radiographic CAT test.
  • the invention relates to a method which makes possible the realization of a wax model corresponding to the anatomical part one wishes to reproduce.
  • the invention furthermore, relates to equipment for putting said method into practice.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for the three-dimensional reproduction of anatomical parts on the basis of two-dimensional radiographic images which can be worked at a limited cost and, thus, be suitable for wide use on a large scale.
  • the method according to the invention which accomplishes the above mentioned object is characterized by the following steps: - identifying and impressing reference marks on each two-dimensional radiographic image of the anatomical part to be reproduced;
  • the sheets of transparent material from which the patterns corresponding to the individual two- dimensional radiographic images are cut are made of wax.
  • Wax proves optimum for its qualities of good transparency and easy cutting as well as because it makes it possible to easily finish the stack of patterns, thus allowing for the duplication of the model in other materials such as resin or plaster with usual techniques of duplication.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide easy-to-use and extremely inexpensive equipment for carrying out the method in a practical manner.
  • the equipment according to the invention comprises: - a frame delimiting a window with graduated edges of dimensions at least equal to those of a radiographic plate, and provided with sliders moveable according to two perpendicular axes having marking means suited to leave a mark on the radiographic plate which can be read by an optical scanner;
  • a support base for paper supports on which the marked images from said radiographic plates are printed, above said support base there extending an arm provided with punching means slidable towards and away from said support base and along said arm;
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a frame with sliders for impressing the reference marks on the radiographic plates in conformity with the method according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a frame with punches for obtaining flat patterns from the marked radiographic plates;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a stacking plate for stacking and pressing the flat patterns. Rest mode of carrying out the invention
  • reference mark indicates, as well known to a person skilled in the art, a point of reference conveniently identified on a radiographic image whose relative position with respect to the visualized anatomical part remains constant in all the other CAT scans. That being stated, with reference to figure 1, number 1 indicates a rigid square or rectangular frame delimiting a window 2 having a graduated edge 2a. On two opposite sides of frame 1, two parallel guides are fixed on which two sleeves 4 are slidingly mounted. Each sleeve is fixed to one end of a graduated bar 5 on which a pair of slider 6 are mounted. The sliding of bar 5 along the two parallel guides 3 can be blocked in any position by means of a setscrew 7 provided on at least one of sleeves 4. Similarly, the movement of sliders 6 can be blocked along the graduated bar 5 in any position by means of respective setscrews 8. Each slider 6 holds a marking device 9, formed substantially by a pointed stem, not shown, which by rotation can be moved away from and towards window 2.
  • frame 1 holding sliders 6 is positioned above a backlighted panel and the various radiographic images of the anatomical part to be reproduced are positioned one after the other inside window 2 in order to mark on the plate the reference marks selected by the operator according to the form of the anatomical part radiographed. Said marks, after having been selected on one radiographic image, are transferred onto the other images, without any possibility of error, using the graduated scale on edge 2a.
  • 10 indicates a support base from one side of which a rod 11 rises vertically and holds a horizontal arm 12 extending above support base 10.
  • Two moveable heads 13 forwardly protruding from, and sliding on, arm 12, carry two vertical punches 14 rotatably sliding to and away from base 10.
  • a sheet of pre-calibrated wax is then placed on the card.
  • the wax sheet has the same thickness as the CAT scan (as known, the CAT scan provides two-dimensional images of sections of the anatomical structure obtained with cuts carried out at intervals of 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm or other thicknesses) .
  • the sheet of wax can then be cut, for example with a surgical knife, following the contour of the image printed on the underlying card which is visible through the layer of transparent wax. In this manner, a three-dimensional pattern of the image printed on the card is obtained consisting of a flat, shaped piece of transparent wax having a thickness equal to the space between one CAT section and the next.
  • Each punch 14 has a tubular element 14b sliding axially and whose free end is sharp so that it can form a hole in the sheet of wax in correspondence with each reference mark.
  • the cut pattern of the printed image has, therefore, a number of projecting members, on which said holes are made, equal to the number of reference marks.
  • the part of figure 2 of the equipment for carrying out the method of the present invention can be transformed into the part illustrated in figure 3 obtained by disassembling vertical rod 11 from support base 10 and reassembling arm 12 in correspondence with one of the two sides of support base 10 suitably designed for such application. More precisely, said side has a central flat projection 10a and two protruding side feet 10b to which arm 12 is fixed.
  • Two pins 16 rise vertically from heads 13 on support base 10, the relative distance of said pins being adjustable, if necessary, by sliding heads 13 inside slots 15. Normally, however, such adjustment is not required since heads 13 have been already correctly positioned on arm 12 when adjusting the position of the punches 14 in the previous configuration of arm 12 shown in figure 2.
  • Additional pairs of pins 17 and 18 extend from support base 10, in particular rising from two intermediate points of the two opposite sides adjacent to the one to which arm 12 is fixed, as well as from the two corners which said sides form with the side of support base 10 opposite that to which arm 12 is fixed.
  • a plate 19 engages which has two slots 20 for pins 16 and pairs of holes 21 and 22 for pins 17 and 18.
  • the previously cut patterns are stacked on support base 10 according to the same sequence of the radiographic CAT images and positioned so that said pins 16 engage in the respective holes of each pattern.
  • two pairs of spacer rings 23 having a thickness equal to that of the CAT section corresponding to that pattern are contemporaneously placed on the two pairs of pins 17 and 18.
  • the subsequent manual pressing (for each pattern inserted) facilitates the adhesion between the various patterns and the control of the total thickness of the model to the millimeter.
  • rings 23 can have different colors according to their thickness.
  • the raw model obtained by the above-described superimposition of the various layers of wax can be used as it is or can be finished by rounding the edges. It can be duplicated in other materials (resin or plaster) with the usual duplication techniques.
  • the stacking plane can comprise a base for supporting the patterns in a stacked relationship and guide means, for example along a side of the base, for the reference elements.
  • the reference elements can be formed by blocks sliding in said guide means to adjust their distance to a required value and pins vertically extending from said blocks for engaging with the holes formed on the projecting members of the patterns.
  • the method has proven particularly effective in dental and maxillofacial surgery, particularly in the field of implantology, where the models obtained with this method can be used to produce axially-predetermined surgical stents (with special kits) , stents for shaping access windows in sinus lifting and alveolar nerve transposition operation and stents for taking bone grafts. They can also be used for direct preparation of sub- periosteal implants, pre-operative modelling of osteosynthesis devices and means, preparation of regenerative traction devices for medium and serious bone defects and for complete maxillary reconstructions, programming of osteotomy in pre-implant orthognathic surgery, etc. Variations and/or modifications can be brought to the method for the three-dimensional reproduction of an anatomical part and the equipment for carrying out said method according to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention itself as specified in the appended claims

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

Production d'un modèle tridimensionnel d'une partie anatomique à partir d'images bidimensionnelles obtenues par balayage tomodensitométrique radiographique. On inscrit des points de référence sur ces images puis on les transfère par balayage optique sur un support en papier. Ensuite, pour chaque image, on forme des dessins sur des feuilles de matière transparente, par exemple de la cire, dont l'épaisseur est égale à celle du balayage tomodensitométrique, puis on superpose ces dessins en respectant l'ordre dans lequel les images de balayage ont été prises, et on soumet chaque dessin à une pression étalonnée. L'appareil comporte un cadre (1) à bords gradués (2) et à curseurs (6) montés mobiles selon des axes perpendiculaires afin d'inscrire les points de référence, ainsi qu'un support (10) permettant la formation des dessins et leur superposition sous pression étalonnée.
PCT/IT1995/000155 1994-09-29 1995-09-26 Procede de reproduction tridimensionnelle de parties anatomiques, et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre Ceased WO1996010243A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU35775/95A AU3577595A (en) 1994-09-29 1995-09-26 Method for the three-dimensional reproduction of anatomical parts and equipment for carrying out said method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITFI94A000181 1994-09-29
ITFI940181A IT1269404B (it) 1994-09-29 1994-09-29 Metodo per la riproduzione tridimensionale di una componente anatomicae attrezzatura per l'attuazione di tale metodo

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996010243A1 true WO1996010243A1 (fr) 1996-04-04

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/IT1995/000155 Ceased WO1996010243A1 (fr) 1994-09-29 1995-09-26 Procede de reproduction tridimensionnelle de parties anatomiques, et appareil pour sa mise en oeuvre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3577595A (fr)
IT (1) IT1269404B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996010243A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003021552A3 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-17 Univ Dundee Ensemble outil chirurgical et methode d'entrainement pour chirurgie osseuse
WO2014052478A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Modèle d'apprentissage chirurgical pour interventions laparoscopiques

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983000403A1 (fr) * 1981-07-20 1983-02-03 Egbert, Robert, N. Assemblage tridimensionnel d'images de sections transversales derivees d'une tomographie assistee par ordinateur et analogue
DE3437483A1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-17 Karsten Dipl.-Ing. 3057 Neustadt Reumann Anordnung und verfahren zur fertigung von dreidimensionalen modellen
EP0250121A2 (fr) * 1986-06-03 1987-12-23 Cubital Ltd. Dispositif pour faire des maquettes tridimensionnelles
US4940412A (en) * 1987-12-08 1990-07-10 Elscint Ltd. Method of manufacturing anatomical models
FR2654538A1 (fr) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-17 Electricite De France Procede et dispositif pour realiser un modele de piece industrielle par polymerisation d'un liquide monomere.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983000403A1 (fr) * 1981-07-20 1983-02-03 Egbert, Robert, N. Assemblage tridimensionnel d'images de sections transversales derivees d'une tomographie assistee par ordinateur et analogue
DE3437483A1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-17 Karsten Dipl.-Ing. 3057 Neustadt Reumann Anordnung und verfahren zur fertigung von dreidimensionalen modellen
EP0250121A2 (fr) * 1986-06-03 1987-12-23 Cubital Ltd. Dispositif pour faire des maquettes tridimensionnelles
US4940412A (en) * 1987-12-08 1990-07-10 Elscint Ltd. Method of manufacturing anatomical models
FR2654538A1 (fr) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-17 Electricite De France Procede et dispositif pour realiser un modele de piece industrielle par polymerisation d'un liquide monomere.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003021552A3 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-17 Univ Dundee Ensemble outil chirurgical et methode d'entrainement pour chirurgie osseuse
WO2014052478A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Applied Medical Resources Corporation Modèle d'apprentissage chirurgical pour interventions laparoscopiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITFI940181A1 (it) 1996-03-29
ITFI940181A0 (it) 1994-09-29
AU3577595A (en) 1996-04-19
IT1269404B (it) 1997-04-01

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