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WO1996003204A1 - Procede de production de melanges sensiblement homogenes - Google Patents

Procede de production de melanges sensiblement homogenes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996003204A1
WO1996003204A1 PCT/EP1995/003010 EP9503010W WO9603204A1 WO 1996003204 A1 WO1996003204 A1 WO 1996003204A1 EP 9503010 W EP9503010 W EP 9503010W WO 9603204 A1 WO9603204 A1 WO 9603204A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substances
reactive
temperature
reaction
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1995/003010
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mathias Pauls
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rathor AG
Original Assignee
Rathor AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rathor AG filed Critical Rathor AG
Priority to US08/776,498 priority Critical patent/US5958310A/en
Priority to EP95930423A priority patent/EP0776245A1/fr
Priority to AU33815/95A priority patent/AU3381595A/en
Publication of WO1996003204A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996003204A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
    • B29B17/0408—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder using cryogenic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/75—Plastic waste
    • B09B2101/78—Plastic waste containing foamed plastics, e.g. polystyrol
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0227—Vibratory or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2705/08—Transition metals
    • B29K2705/12—Iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/20—Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/717—Cans, tins
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing essentially homogeneous mixtures of reactive substances.
  • Chemical process engineering knows numerous methods of mixing substances which are reactive with one another in such a way that they react with one another in a desired manner. The large number of methods reflects the problem of producing mixtures. It is therefore common practice to work in diluting solvents which simultaneously serve to supply or dissipate energy, with all reaction components being dissolved in the solvent or the reaction partners being gradually combined, for example dropwise.
  • Other mixing techniques include bringing together two feed streams in a reaction chamber, gradually dissolving or reacting a first component in a reaction medium containing one or more further components, or controlling reactions by adding catalysts. Mechanical or other stirring tools are often used to achieve thorough mixing of the reaction medium required for the reaction.
  • the mixtures produced in the process according to the invention are stable only at the respective low temperatures, so that when the temperature rises, a reaction occurs when a minimum temperature necessary to start the reaction is exceeded.
  • a slow reaction starts when one of the reactive substances reaches the melting temperature. It is therefore important that the substances are kept individually and in a mixture below the respective softening temperature.
  • the method according to the invention serves to mix at least two components together; however, more than two components can also be mixed with one another.
  • One of the components can also be a catalyst.
  • additives which are to be contained in products made from them, as well as solvents which may be important for the course of the reaction, for example for temperature control, in the production of these mixtures.
  • at least one of the reactive substances is a liquid or is in solution under normal conditions or at the reaction temperature.
  • the mixtures obtained according to the invention can be further processed immediately by bringing them to a temperature which is conducive to the reaction or by introducing them into a reaction medium, or they can be stored or transported in a cooled state. It is also conceivable to pack such reactive mixtures appropriately or to bring them into a form suitable for an intended use and to store them in a cooled state. store so that they can only be removed from a cool box and used there for their use in another location. This can be done, for example, in a chemical laboratory or company, but also by a craftsman who, for example, brings a reactive mixture to produce a foam to a desired location and lets it foam there by the action of temperature.
  • a further possible application would be, for example, a mixture of reactive substances which remain unchanged next to one another at low temperature, but which cause a color reaction when the temperature rises, for example above 0 ° C., so that such a mixture serves as an indicator substance for the uninterrupted functionality of cooling units can be used.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out at a temperature which is below ⁇ 80 ° C. It is particularly expedient to carry out the process at the temperature of liquid nitrogen. It is then expedient to work in the absence of oxygen, but this may also be necessary at higher temperatures and oxygen-sensitive substances.
  • the substances which are reactive with one another are generally liquid substances or at least one liquid substance which can serve as a solvent for one or more substances. In this respect, it is important to bring this liquid substance into a solid form that prevents the ability to react, which happens in the cold zone. Naturally, substances in solution can also be used, in particular when the solvent is required for the subsequent reaction.
  • any size reduction process can be used to bring the shape into shape.
  • Spray processes are particularly preferred in which the liquid substance or the substance is atomized in solution while cooling, so that a finely divided powder is obtained.
  • Another preferred possibility is the pulverization of the reactive substance, initially solidified in a coarse form, in a mill, hammer mill or the like.
  • the mixing zone used according to the invention is expediently a spray tower.
  • a first substance in the form of a finely divided powder can be introduced into this spray tower from above and a second or further reactive substances can be injected while cooling and solidifying.
  • a second or further reactive substances can be injected while cooling and solidifying.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in the preparation of packs which contain reactive residues.
  • Packaging that contains isocyanate-containing prepolymers for polyurethane foams should be mentioned here in particular.
  • the process according to the invention is therefore further described in the context of a reprocessing process for cartridges which contain prepolymers containing isocyanate groups for polyurethane foams.
  • Residue-containing packaging such as occurs in large quantities, for example in the form of completely or partially emptied cartridges, is increasingly becoming a disposal problem. A deposit on landfills is prohibited for reasons of environmental protection, since the residues contained therein can get into the atmosphere, into the ground or into the groundwater and can cause considerable damage there.
  • polyurethane foams are brought out of cartridges which contain a polyurethane prepolymer together with the necessary additives. These cartridges cannot be reused after use. On the other hand, they represent problem waste that is not accessible for normal disposal.
  • the cartridges have a different filling state, from old cartridges with practically complete prepolymer filling, which can no longer be dispensed due to a blocked valve, to practically completely empty cartridges with only the remainder adhering to the edges from prepolymer in uncrosslinked to crosslinked state.
  • the reactive residues for example in the case of cartridges for the production of polyurethane foam containing prepolymers containing isocyanate, are treated in a manner which is safe from a safety point of view. Freezing the reactive substances or residues does not lead to a reaction-related pressure increase in the process or to undesired reactions between reactive components. At the temperatures prevailing in the process, the presence of water is also harmless. The latter two points are important in the treatment of products containing isocyanate, for example if water is carried into the process due to damaged packaging.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for simultaneously treating both cartridges for 1-component and 2-component foams as well as transition forms between the two and converting the reactive residues into high-quality and homogeneous products.
  • packaging for example cartridges
  • packaging is first introduced into a cold zone and cooled therein to such an extent that the residues reactive therein, including low-boiling solvents therein, solidify.
  • Temperatures of less than -80 ° C to -100 ° C are generally sufficient for this; expediently but is worked in liquid nitrogen as a refrigeration medium. In this case it is important that the process is carried out in the absence of oxygen in order to avoid the condensation of liquid oxygen, which could have a disadvantageous effect in later process steps.
  • the packaging is crushed in the cold state.
  • the temperatures here should expediently be below -80 ° C to - 100 ° C; if necessary, liquid nitrogen or cold gaseous nitrogen must be injected.
  • the comminution is expediently carried out in a hammer mill which works against a sieve.
  • a shaking and flexing effect is achieved which, in addition to the comminution to a desired grain size, brings about a separation of the different materials: metal, paper, plastic and ingredients.
  • the packaging materials - metal, paper and plastic - can be separated extraordinarily well from the ingredients - reactive substances and solvents / additives - the ingredients being obtained as a fine powder.
  • the shredded packaging is separated into at least two fractions, one of which contains the reactive residues, including the propellant gas, in a solid state.
  • a screen is expediently provided in this separation stage, expediently a vibrating screen through which the fine constituents, predominantly reactive residues and solvents, fall. Metal parts are separated using magnetic methods, larger plastic parts and scraps of paper are screened off on the vibrating screen.
  • the frozen ingredients from reactive substances and solvents pass from the separation zone into a mixing zone, into which an agent reactive with the residues is simultaneously introduced as a further reactive substance.
  • temperatures in this mixing zone prevail temperatures of less than -80 ° C to - 100 C C to the frozen state of the introduced Ma ⁇ terialien and to ensure the injected reakti ⁇ capabilities in an agent immediately Stigen to a fine powder to verfe ⁇ .
  • the result of this is that a uniform mixture of ingredients in powder form and reactive agent is formed, but which cannot react due to the prevailing temperature conditions.
  • the temperatures in the mixing zone are in any case below the melting point of the residues and the reactive agent as well as the mixture.
  • a spray tower is expediently used as the mixing zone, into which the frozen ingredients fall from above.
  • the reactive agent is sprayed into this powder stream from side nozzles, expediently together with cold gaseous nitrogen, in order to ensure the required low temperatures. Pre-cooling of the reactive agent is advisable, but the sprayability must remain guaranteed.
  • the reactive agent may be expedient to inject the reactive agent together with a catalyst which promotes the reaction with the reactive residues of the packaging.
  • a catalyst which promotes the reaction with the reactive residues of the packaging.
  • the cold powdery mixture of ingredients and reactive agent and optionally catalyst is then passed into a reaction zone which, for example, consists of a conveyor belt which moves continuously under the mixing zone.
  • the powder collected here is then brought to a temperature sufficient for the reaction to react.
  • the solvents contained evaporate on this occasion and are condensed out at a suitable point, which is the case when nitrogen is used as the refrigerant is not a problem.
  • the conveyor belt can have lateral boundaries.
  • reaction product from the conveyor belt, it is possible to provide release agents, for example suitable coatings or release paper.
  • release agents for example suitable coatings or release paper.
  • the heating in the reaction zone is expediently carried out using microwaves, which bring about a rapid, direct heating of the powder material from the inside, so that there is uniform degassing and heating.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for preparing residue-containing polyurethane foam cartridges.
  • the reactive agent is in particular a compound containing hydroxyl groups, for example water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, oligomers and mixtures thereof and derivatives thereof.
  • Ethylene glycol, water and polyether alcohols are preferred, and in any case at least two reactive hydrogen atoms should be present.
  • Polycarboxylic acids can also be used.
  • the so-called Jeffamine are particularly suitable.
  • insulating boards can be produced continuously, the propellant gases contained in the powder produced in the mixing zone promoting foam formation.
  • films or to admix additives for example cellulose-containing materials, and then to compress these mixtures during or after the reaction to give composite materials.
  • the method according to the invention can be used, in particular, in the course of working up unpressurized polyurethane foam cartridges which are emptied at the place of use with the aid of a suitable gun and are then returned to the manufacturer for reprocessing.
  • These cartridges which are used for both 1K and 2K foams, are pressureless during storage and generally contain no blowing or foaming agents. If an improvement in the foaming behavior is necessary and this improvement cannot be achieved by using water as the second component, low-boiling solvents may be present, for example pentane which is liquid at normal temperature and nitrogen at the temperature of liquid are solid, but evaporate below the reaction temperatures of the prepolymer with the second component and cause a blowing effect.
  • the method according to the invention for aerosol It is also possible to produce polyurethane foam if effective propellant gas separation is ensured in the later reaction.
  • the method can in principle be applied to the processing of packs which, in addition to reactive substances, also contain blowing agents and, if appropriate as a function of the temperature, achieve a driving and / or foaming effect.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a plant for the processing of packaging
  • FIG. 2 shows the entrance area of the system according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the conveying, crushing and sorting part of the system according to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows the mixing and reaction zone of the plant according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 of a treatment plant for cartridges with reactive residues has an entrance lock 1, to which the cartridges 13 to be treated are fed.
  • the entrance lock is preferably designed as a cellular wheel blow-through lock, in the chambers 12 of which the cartridges 13 drop in from above via a feed funnel 14 (FIG. 2).
  • the cartridges By rotating the cellular wheel 1, the cartridges enter the lower region of the lock and are laterally ejected from the line 15 with the aid of gaseous nitrogen GAN.
  • the cellular wheel rotates in a gas-tight container which is open at the top and which in its lower region is pressurized from one side Gaseous nitrogen GAN can be applied so that the cartridge 13 located therein can be ejected into a guide system 21 on the opposite side.
  • the nitrogen supply via line 15 is preferably ensured with gaseous nitrogen from the cooling bath 2. It is understood that the speed of rotation of the cellular wheel 1 and the pressure surges from the nitrogen line 15 for ejecting the cartridges from the cellular wheel are coordinated with one another.
  • the cellular wheel has a measuring sensor marked with M.
  • the cartridges pass from the cell wheel via a guide 21 into the cold bath 2, which is filled with liquid nitrogen.
  • the guide 21 expediently consists of an elongated basket construction which is open on all sides and which enables the unhindered entry of liquid nitrogen and the exit of gaseous nitrogen.
  • the cartridges 13 are cooled to the bath temperature on their way through the cooling bath 2, which is fed with fresh liquid nitrogen LIN via line 24 depending on the level and has a measuring sensor LIC for level control.
  • the cage structure of the guide 21 ensures free access of the cooling medium and the rapid removal of the gaseous nitrogen generated. Gaseous nitrogen is withdrawn from the bath area via line 16 with the aid of a fan 17.
  • the length of the guide 21 and the transport speed are set in such a way that the cartridges 13 are cooled to a sufficiently low temperature of at least -80 ° C. to -100 ° C. even when the remaining filling is completely full.
  • the cartridges 13 are transported in the guide 21 with the aid of the transport device 23, which moderately consists of a circular conveyor belt 25 with projecting forks 26 which engage from above in the guide 21 and push the cartridges 13 guided in front of it.
  • Transport rollers 27 ensure precise guidance of the transport forks 26.
  • the forks 26 are arranged on the conveyor belt 25 at intervals which are matched to the size of the cartridges 13 to be transported.
  • a measuring station M is used to monitor the transport speed and to coordinate it with the feed speed of the cartridges 13.
  • the cartridges 13 After passing through the cooling bath 2, the cartridges 13 pass from the guide 21 into the conveying device 3 (FIG. 3) in the form of a revolving conveyor belt 31 which has transport segments matched to the size of the cartridges 13.
  • the conveying device 3 is preferably designed as a steep conveyor which receives the cartridges 13 in the segments formed by transport forks 33 arranged at regular intervals and delivers them overhead into the comminution device 4.
  • the conveyor belt is guided over rollers 32 provided with a measuring station M for monitoring and controlling the conveying speed.
  • the comminution device 4 consists of a shredder or preferably a hammer mill 41.
  • the hammer mill 41 preferably works against a sieve in order to ensure a certain grain size of the comminuted material.
  • the sieve 42 has a flexing effect, which has a positive effect on the separation of the ingredients, which are embrittled by the cold, from the container material.
  • refrigerant preferably liquid nitrogen LIN
  • the working speed is checked and controlled via the measuring sensor M. Gaseous nitrogen is discharged via line 44 and recycled or blown off via a valve 45.
  • the comminuted material arrives in the sorting device 5.
  • This initially consists of a vibrating screen 51, on which the coarse and the fine parts are separated. Large parts are mainly the comminuted materials of the container, which are shaken off on the inclined sieve 51 and are discharged from the process via a lock, not shown.
  • Powdery ingredients and fine particles of the container pass through the vibrating screen 51 to a first magnetic separator 52, which separates the remaining iron and aluminum components from plastic particles and ingredients.
  • Magnetic components are first separated on the first magnetic separator 52 and placed on a first conveyor belt 53, which also receives the metal and plastic parts shaken off the sieve 51.
  • a second conveyor belt 54 receives plastics, ingredients and non-magnetic metal parts, which are separated into metallic and non-metallic components via a second magnetic separator 55 coupled to the conveyor belt.
  • the metallic components get on the first conveyor belt 53, the non-metallic components are fed directly into the spray tower 6.
  • Cold gaseous nitrogen can be supplied via line 56 when the temperature control TIC reports an impermissible temperature increase.
  • Measuring sensors M check the working speed of all moving parts of the separation system 5. If the cartridges are made entirely of non-metallic 04 PC ⁇ 7EP95 / 03010
  • the magnetic separator can of course be dispensed with.
  • the powdery ingredients and plastic parts which reach the spray tower 6 (FIG. 4) and which have a temperature of at most -80.degree. C. to -100.degree. C., so that solvents contained therein are also present in a solid state with the reaction medium sprayed in via the feed line 61 in the upper region of the spray tower 6 and optionally catalyst.
  • the reaction medium preferably ethylene glycol, is in the liquid state in the storage tank 62, the catalyst in the storage tank 63. Dosing stations are assigned to the tanks.
  • Reaction medium from the container 62 and catalyst from the container 63 are injected via the line 61 into the spray tower 6 in a metered ratio to the reactive ingredients, it being possible for a pre-cooling section to be provided in the course of the supply line 61 in order to bring the materials to an acceptable temperature cool (above the melting point).
  • the spray material is solidified upon entry into or within the spray tower, even at the temperatures of less than -80 ° C. to -100 ° C.
  • additional cooling medium for example liquid nitrogen LIN via line 64 or gaseous nitrogen via line 65 when the temperature control TIC signals a need.
  • inject the cooling medium in the lower areas of the spray tower in order to Spray tower 6 ascending cold nitrogen to ensure an additional swirling and mixing of reactive compound, catalyst and reactive dose content.
  • reaction space 7 The mixture of reactive cartridge contents, reactive compound and catalyst in powder form reaches the reaction space 7 from the spray tower 6.
  • a reaction belt 71 is arranged inside the reaction space 7, which takes up the falling material from the spray tower 6 and into the actual reaction zone 72 leads where the reaction is induced by heat.
  • heating elements 73 are arranged above the conveyor belt 71, which use microwaves or infrared rays to heat the reaction material on the conveyor belt 71 to a temperature sufficient for the reaction, for example about room temperature or above.
  • reaction material 74 e.g. H.
  • a separating film 75 which is unwound from a roll 76a and wound onto a second roll 76b becomes.
  • the release film can be used several times if necessary.
  • reaction material reacts on the conveyor belt 71 to the respectively desired product.
  • solvents and adsorptively bound nitrogen of the refrigerant still contained in the mixture from the spray tower are released and sucked off via line 77 and fed to a separation (not shown) and solvent extraction.
  • a foaming agent such as pentane or CO 2
  • the exit from the reaction material 74 causes a partial foaming tion of the reaction mixture, which is not undesirable for certain purposes.
  • Nitrogen lines 81 and 82 regulate the shielding gas supply in the lock area, nitrogen being expediently used as the shielding gas, but this need not be cooled. Further nitrogen lines 83 and 84 in the area of the entry and exit of the separating film 75 prevent oxygen from entering the system in this area. The use of cooling nitrogen is not necessary here either.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in a cold and was insulated plant.
  • the entry of oxygen must also be prevented here in order to prevent the condensation of liquid oxygen into the cold bath 2.
  • the gas supply that the entire process is carried out into the spray tower 6 at temperatures at which loose and foaming agents are present in a solid state. This allows them to be withdrawn centrally via the suction line 77 in the reaction space 7 and fed to the extraction.
  • the fully reacted / hardened polyurethane material, which emerges from the process from the product lock 8, can be used as granules for any further use. For example, the use for insulating materials and in composite materials comes into question.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Selon le procédé proposé, procédé qui permet de produire des mélanges sensiblement homogènes de substances pouvant réagir l'une avec l'autre, lesdites substances sont amenées séparément jusqu'à une zone froide (2) et refroidies jusqu'à ce qu'elles deviennent solides et non réactives; elles sont ensuite amenées, à l'état finement divisé, jusqu'à une zone de mélange (6) où elles sont mélangées, la température régnant dans ladite zone de mélange (6) étant maintenue en-dessous de la température de ramollissement du mélange se trouvant dans cette zone.
PCT/EP1995/003010 1994-07-28 1995-07-28 Procede de production de melanges sensiblement homogenes Ceased WO1996003204A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/776,498 US5958310A (en) 1995-07-28 1995-07-28 Process for the production of substantially homogeneous mixtures
EP95930423A EP0776245A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1995-07-28 Procede de production de melanges sensiblement homogenes
AU33815/95A AU3381595A (en) 1994-07-28 1995-07-28 Process for the production of substantially homogenous mixtures

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEPCT/EP94/02483 1994-07-28
PCT/EP1994/002483 WO1996003230A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1994-07-28 Procede de preparation d'emballages

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996003204A1 true WO1996003204A1 (fr) 1996-02-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1994/002483 Ceased WO1996003230A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1994-07-28 Procede de preparation d'emballages
PCT/EP1995/002907 Ceased WO1996003231A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1995-07-22 Procede de traitement d'emballages
PCT/EP1995/003010 Ceased WO1996003204A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1995-07-28 Procede de production de melanges sensiblement homogenes

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1994/002483 Ceased WO1996003230A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1994-07-28 Procede de preparation d'emballages
PCT/EP1995/002907 Ceased WO1996003231A1 (fr) 1994-07-28 1995-07-22 Procede de traitement d'emballages

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EP (1) EP0776245A1 (fr)
AU (3) AU7496194A (fr)
CA (2) CA2196088A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59504999D1 (fr)
WO (3) WO1996003230A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100299273B1 (ko) 1999-06-18 2001-09-22 이승복 안전 시트벨트 리트랙터의 스키드 장치
DE19958428A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Pu Dosen Recycling Gmbh & Co B Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontrollierten Entleeren mindestens einer Komponente des Inhalts aus Druckgaspackungen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1960682A1 (de) * 1969-12-03 1971-06-09 Alfred Gerhard Kombinierte Mahl- und Mischanlage
DE2035775A1 (en) * 1970-07-18 1972-03-23 Texaco Ag Continuously mixing liquids - esp for producing condensation resins with avoidance of b stage formation
US4350803A (en) * 1979-12-27 1982-09-21 Liquid Control Incorporated Reaction arrestment mixer head and mixing process
EP0394091A1 (fr) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de restructuration d'un ensemble de particules fines
EP0455115A2 (fr) * 1990-04-30 1991-11-06 Rolf Emil Roland Procédé et installation pour la récupération des éléments à partir de boîtes contenant des substances polluantes, en particulier à partir d'aérosols contenant du gaz propulseur
NL9001596A (nl) * 1990-07-13 1992-02-03 Demaco B V Werkwijze en inrichting voor het van elkaar scheiden van aan elkaar gehechte lagen van verschillende materialen.
WO1993022077A1 (fr) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-11 Rathor Ag Procede de traitement d'emballage contenant des residus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1960682A1 (de) * 1969-12-03 1971-06-09 Alfred Gerhard Kombinierte Mahl- und Mischanlage
DE2035775A1 (en) * 1970-07-18 1972-03-23 Texaco Ag Continuously mixing liquids - esp for producing condensation resins with avoidance of b stage formation
US4350803A (en) * 1979-12-27 1982-09-21 Liquid Control Incorporated Reaction arrestment mixer head and mixing process
EP0394091A1 (fr) * 1989-04-17 1990-10-24 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé de restructuration d'un ensemble de particules fines
EP0455115A2 (fr) * 1990-04-30 1991-11-06 Rolf Emil Roland Procédé et installation pour la récupération des éléments à partir de boîtes contenant des substances polluantes, en particulier à partir d'aérosols contenant du gaz propulseur
NL9001596A (nl) * 1990-07-13 1992-02-03 Demaco B V Werkwijze en inrichting voor het van elkaar scheiden van aan elkaar gehechte lagen van verschillende materialen.
WO1993022077A1 (fr) * 1992-04-23 1993-11-11 Rathor Ag Procede de traitement d'emballage contenant des residus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996003231A1 (fr) 1996-02-08
CA2196088A1 (fr) 1996-02-08
AU3381595A (en) 1996-02-22
AU3164695A (en) 1996-02-22
EP0776245A1 (fr) 1997-06-04
AU7496194A (en) 1996-02-22
WO1996003230A1 (fr) 1996-02-08
DE59504999D1 (de) 1999-03-11
CA2196177A1 (fr) 1996-02-08

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