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WO1996041675A1 - Procede et dispositif de regulation d'une installation d'osmose inverse - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de regulation d'une installation d'osmose inverse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996041675A1
WO1996041675A1 PCT/EP1996/002377 EP9602377W WO9641675A1 WO 1996041675 A1 WO1996041675 A1 WO 1996041675A1 EP 9602377 W EP9602377 W EP 9602377W WO 9641675 A1 WO9641675 A1 WO 9641675A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
raw water
concentrate
water inflow
outflow
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1996/002377
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilfried Schäl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1996041675A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996041675A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1668—Details of containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/08—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D21/00—Control of chemical or physico-chemical variables, e.g. pH value
    • G05D21/02—Control of chemical or physico-chemical variables, e.g. pH value characterised by the use of electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating a reverse osmosis system according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Systems of this type are required, inter alia, in conjunction with hemodialysis machines in order to provide sufficiently pure water which is as germ-free as possible for the production of the dialysis liquid.
  • the principle of operation of reverse osmosis systems is known to be that the water to be treated is passed in a filter module under high pressure along the surface of a semipermeable membrane, part of the water, the so-called permeate, passing through the membrane and on the other side the membrane is collected and fed to the consumption points.
  • the invention was based on the object of equipping a reverse osmosis system in such a way that the return of concentrate is automatically adapted even in the event of fluctuating capacity utilization in such a way that the tendentially opposite demands (a) for the highest possible quality of the permeate produced, which corresponds to the intended use, and ( b) after the best possible utilization of the raw water, even with changing capacity utilization of the system.
  • This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of the main claim.
  • Fig. 1 the scheme of a urine osmosis system with features according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the diagram of another exemplary embodiment with pressure-controlled concentrate return
  • Fig.3 the schematic of an embodiment with float-controlled concentrate return.
  • FIG. 1 The installation of a reverse osmosis system with design features according to the invention is shown as an example and purely schematically in FIG. 1.
  • the raw water the inflow of which can be blocked or released by a valve 40, passes via line 10a, b into a container 11 which can be ventilated via a sterile filter 12 and is thus approximately under atmospheric pressure.
  • the level is regulated, for example, by a float 14 which more or less opens or closes an inflow valve 13.
  • the water passes through the line 15 via the pump 16 into the filter module 17, the primary space 17a of which is separated from the secondary space 17b by a semipermeable membrane 18.
  • the permeate flows from the secondary space into the consumer line 19. Excess permeate can be returned to the container 11 via the line 20a, b, the pressure maintaining valve 21 inserted between the line sections 20a and 20b determining the pressure prevailing in the consumer line 19.
  • the concentrate flows from the outlet of the primary space of the filter module via line 22a, b to a branching point 23, from which a part of the concentrate returns via line 24a, b to container II and the rest via line 25a, b , c is led into the drain.
  • An between The control valve 26 inserted into the line sections 22a and 22b essentially determines the pressure prevailing in the primary space of the filter module, which is necessary for the filtration.
  • the ratio between the recirculated and the concentrate portion fed into the drain depends on the hydrostatic pressure differences on the lines mentioned and the ratio of the flow resistances.
  • the invention provides that the concentrate flow in the drain line automatically adjusts to the raw water inflow, at least approximately in such a way that these two flows are brought into a constant relationship to one another.
  • a measuring element which detects the raw water inflow, and an actuator, which is controlled by the latter and determines the concentrate outflow, serve this purpose.
  • a suitable measure for adjusting the concentrate outflow consists in changing the flow resistance in at least one of the two lines 24a, b and 25a,, c or the pressures acting on them.
  • the former possibility is realized by inserting a controllable valve 29 between the line sections 25b and 25c, which valve is actuated via the actuator 30, e.g. in the form of a servo motor.
  • the flow sensor inserted into the raw water inflow serves as the measuring element 31, for example in the form of an impeller flow meter, which emits an electrical signal, the frequency of which is proportional to the flow.
  • This signal is converted by an adaptation circuit 32 into a signal suitable for controlling the actuator 30.
  • This arrangement of two flow meters also has the significant advantage that a direct display of the so-called yield can be derived from the measured values of the two flows.
  • the technical implementation of such a calculation and its implementation in a corresponding analog or digital display requires no further explanation for the person skilled in the art.
  • the corresponding devices can be part of the adaptation circuit 32, for which purpose this is additionally equipped with a display device 34 for the yield.
  • a certain yield which is synonymous with the setting of a certain ratio of the concentration runoff and raw water inflow
  • certain concentration ratios between raw water, permeate and outflowing concentrate are established for the substances dissolved in the water. These are different for the individual substances and depend on the permeability of the semipermeable membrane of the filter module for the substance under consideration.
  • the setting of the ratio of concentrate discharge and raw water inflow and thus the yield is expediently carried out on the basis of analysis values of the substances, the concentration of which is of particular importance.
  • the raw water content of these substances can fluctuate considerably.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides devices for the continuous or periodic determination of analysis values and an automatic adjustment of the set ratio of concentrate outflow and raw water inflow.
  • Suitable sensors for determining analysis values are, for example, in the form of ion-selective electrodes available.
  • a measurement of the electrical conductivity also provides useful information about the total content of dissolved substances, since these are largely present in the form of dissolved salts.
  • a conductivity measuring cell 27 is inserted into the concentrating line leading to the outlet in FIG. 1, which delivers its measuring signal to the adaptation device 32.
  • the ratio of concentrate outflow and raw water inflow is increased according to a pre-programmable function if the measured concentration increases, namely until it reaches a predetermined value again.
  • control behavior of such a concentration control in particular the reaction to sudden changes in the concentration of the raw water, can be improved by the adaptation circuit 32 additionally measuring the signal of a conductivity measuring cell built into the raw water line or into the container 11 (in FIG. 1 not shown) is supplied in order to increase the ratio of concentrate outflow and raw water inflow in the event of an increase in concentration in the raw water, even before this is also noticeable at the installation location of the conductivity measuring cell 27.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • the measurement of the raw water inflow for automatic adjustment of the concentrate outflow takes place here by means of an adjustable throttle 42, which is inserted between the fill level control valve 13 and the raw water outlet 46, via which the raw water flows freely into the container 11.
  • a pressure is generated which is dependent on the raw water inflow and is connected to a connected one
  • Manometer 44 can be measured and, in this embodiment, forms the actual measured variable and at the same time the manipulated variable for setting the ratio of raw water inflow and concentrate outflow.
  • This ratio is set here in that the concentrate portion returned to the container 11 is changed in the opposite direction to the raw water inflow, so that the portion discharged into the outflow inevitably changes in the same direction as the raw water inflow.
  • An increase in the raw water inflow has the result that the pressure difference between the branching point 23 and the line 41, into which the returning concentrate line 24a,, c also opens, is reduced.
  • the flow rate in this line decreases and the flow rate in the line 25a, b, c leading to the outflow increases to the same extent.
  • the quantitative relationship between a change in the raw water inflow and the resultant change in the concentrate outflow can be adjusted by means of the throttle 42 and by means of adjustable flow resistors 47, 48, 49 in the returning and the outflow of the concentrate line so that the yield at fluctuating capacity utilization of the system remains constant with sufficient accuracy.
  • the flow sensors 31 and 33 are not part of the control device in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • the display device 34 which is equipped in the manner described above with devices for determining the yield from the two measured flows, they form an advantageous aid for monitoring the yield and for correctly setting the system in the event of fluctuating raw water quality.
  • a particular advantage of the arrangement according to FIG. 2 is that its function is realized with simple hydraulic components which only require low manufacturing costs and which allow a high level of operational safety with simple means.
  • the level controller for the container 11 also has the function of a measuring element for the raw water inflow.
  • the float 14 and the closure piece of the inlet valve 13 which throttles the raw water inflow are connected to one another by a linkage 50a, b, c which converts a vertical movement of the float into a horizontal movement of the closure piece.
  • the position of the closure piece and thus also the position of the float 14 is a measure of the currently set raw water inflow.
  • the movement of the float is transmitted through the rod 51 and the spring 56 to an actuator which adjusts the portion of the concentrate flow conducted via the line 25 into the drain.
  • a slide 52 is used for this purpose, which increasingly opens an outflow opening 53 leading to the discharge line 25 when the float 14 has a relatively low position when there is a high inflow of raw water.
  • the concentrate line 22b coming from the filter module is connected above the slide to a narrowed part in the lower region of the container in order to ensure that only concentrate actually flows away.
  • the characteristic of the measuring element and the actuator and the resultant relationship between raw water inflow and concentrate outflow can be changed by means of adjusting devices 54 and 55, with which an abutment of the linkage 50a, b, c is displaced or the force of a spring 57 ju ⁇ acting on the slide 52 bull.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation d'osmose inverse pour le traitement de l'eau dans lequel, une partie du concentré est renvoyée vers le côté eau brute et une autre partie est rejetée par dérivation dans le flux d'écoulement. Lors d'une modification de la charge de l'installation, le flux d'écoulement du concentré est modifié dans la même mesure que les modifications du flux d'amenée d'eau brute par des éléments de mesure et de réglage correspondants (31, 32; 29, 30 ; 42, 47-49 ; 14, 50a, b, c, 51-57) de telle façon que le rapport entre les deux flux restent au moins approximativement constants. Du rapport flux d'écoulement du concentré/flux d'amenée d'eau brute, est dérivée une indication directe du rendement (= flux d'écoulement du perméat/flux d'amenée de l'eau brute). Sont également prévus des équipements (27,32) d'adaptation automatique du rapport flux d'écoulement du concentré/flux d'amenée de l'eau brute (et ainsi du rendement) aux variations de la qualité de l'eau brute.
PCT/EP1996/002377 1995-06-08 1996-06-01 Procede et dispositif de regulation d'une installation d'osmose inverse Ceased WO1996041675A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19520914A DE19520914C1 (de) 1995-06-08 1995-06-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer Umkehrosmoseanlage zur Wasseraufbereitung
DE19520914.1 1995-06-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996041675A1 true WO1996041675A1 (fr) 1996-12-27

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PCT/EP1996/002377 Ceased WO1996041675A1 (fr) 1995-06-08 1996-06-01 Procede et dispositif de regulation d'une installation d'osmose inverse

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AR (1) AR002410A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19520914C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996041675A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009040049A1 (de) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Krones Ag Verfahren zum Regeln einer Separationsanlage mit einem Umkehrosmoseelement und Umkehrosmoseanlage

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19748997C2 (de) * 1997-11-06 2001-05-23 Schilling Chemie Gmbh U Produk Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umkehrosmoseanlage
DE19818692C1 (de) * 1998-04-25 1999-07-08 Schael Wilfried Verfahren zur meßtechnischen Überwachung einer Umkehrosmoseanlage
DE19818691C1 (de) * 1998-04-25 1999-09-16 Wilfried Schael Verfahren zur Regelung einer Umkehrosmoseanlage
DE19841024C2 (de) * 1998-09-08 2003-04-17 Umweltkompatible Prozestechnik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur biologischen Abwasserreinigung mittels Permeatflußregelung
DE19941349A1 (de) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-01 S Med Medizintechnik Gmbh Anlage und Verfahren zum Filtern von Flüssigkeiten
DE102007018164B3 (de) * 2007-04-18 2008-12-11 Völker, Manfred Vorrichtung zur Regelung des Zuflusses einer Flüssigkeit in einen Behälter, insbesondere zur Zuflussregelung einer Wasseraufbereitungsanlage
DE102012204011A1 (de) * 2012-03-14 2013-09-19 Bwt Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Membrantrennvorrichtung, Regelvorrichtung für eine Membrantrennvorrichtung und Vorrichtung zum Regeln und/oder Steuern einer Membrantrennvorrichtung
DE102017202434A1 (de) 2017-02-15 2018-08-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wasser-Speichervorrichtung in einem Kraftfahrzeug
JP7145174B2 (ja) 2017-06-15 2022-09-30 バクスター・インターナショナル・インコーポレイテッド 浄水装置および浄水装置における少なくとも１つの流体特性を制御する方法
US12005400B2 (en) 2018-08-29 2024-06-11 Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies Support High recovery variable volume reverse osmosis membrane system

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55106509A (en) * 1979-02-08 1980-08-15 Nec Corp Protector for ultrafiltration filter
JPS60129103A (ja) * 1983-12-19 1985-07-10 Hitachi Ltd 超純水製造装置
JPS6467204A (en) * 1987-09-08 1989-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Control method for water-producing plant employing reverse osmotic membrane method
US4988445A (en) * 1990-02-22 1991-01-29 Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. Spiral wound filtration system and method of utilizing same
EP0599281A2 (fr) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 WAT WASSER- UND UMWELTTECHNIK GmbH Procédé et appareil de traitement de liquides par osmose inverse
EP0600825A1 (fr) * 1992-12-01 1994-06-08 Christ AG Procédé de séparation par membrane, en particulier pas osmose inverse ou ultrafiltration et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
JPH0768257A (ja) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-14 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd 淡水製造装置
DE4331102A1 (de) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-16 Walther Medizin Technik Gmbh Umkehrosmoseanlage und Verfahren zur Regelung einer Umkehrosmoseanlage

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55106509A (en) * 1979-02-08 1980-08-15 Nec Corp Protector for ultrafiltration filter
JPS60129103A (ja) * 1983-12-19 1985-07-10 Hitachi Ltd 超純水製造装置
JPS6467204A (en) * 1987-09-08 1989-03-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Control method for water-producing plant employing reverse osmotic membrane method
US4988445A (en) * 1990-02-22 1991-01-29 Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. Spiral wound filtration system and method of utilizing same
EP0599281A2 (fr) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 WAT WASSER- UND UMWELTTECHNIK GmbH Procédé et appareil de traitement de liquides par osmose inverse
EP0600825A1 (fr) * 1992-12-01 1994-06-08 Christ AG Procédé de séparation par membrane, en particulier pas osmose inverse ou ultrafiltration et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
JPH0768257A (ja) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-14 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd 淡水製造装置
DE4331102A1 (de) * 1993-09-14 1995-03-16 Walther Medizin Technik Gmbh Umkehrosmoseanlage und Verfahren zur Regelung einer Umkehrosmoseanlage

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CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 112, no. 10, 5 March 1990, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 83806 *
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 123, no. 8, 21 August 1995, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 92768 *
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9519, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D15, AN 95-144061 *
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 273 (C - 609) 22 June 1989 (1989-06-22) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 95, no. 003 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009040049A1 (de) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Krones Ag Verfahren zum Regeln einer Separationsanlage mit einem Umkehrosmoseelement und Umkehrosmoseanlage
EP2301651A1 (fr) 2009-09-03 2011-03-30 Krones AG Procédé de réglage d'une installation de séparation dotée d'un élément d'osmose inverse et installation d'osmose inverse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR002410A1 (es) 1998-03-11
DE19520914C1 (de) 1996-06-20

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