WO1995008605A1 - Procede et dispositif de valorisation des dechets par pyrolyse avec reduction - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de valorisation des dechets par pyrolyse avec reduction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995008605A1 WO1995008605A1 PCT/FR1994/001093 FR9401093W WO9508605A1 WO 1995008605 A1 WO1995008605 A1 WO 1995008605A1 FR 9401093 W FR9401093 W FR 9401093W WO 9508605 A1 WO9508605 A1 WO 9508605A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- installation according
- vapors
- residues
- pyrolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/14—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for treating waste, as well as to the treatment installations and the products thereof.
- This process is non-polluting, energy efficient, and it generates no ultimate waste.
- the waste concerned can be in the form of fractionated solids, pasty, or liquids.
- This waste can be contaminated, ultimate or trivial, and of natural, animal, organic, cellulosic, synthetic, chemical origin.
- the process provides a volume reduction of waste. More precisely, this process achieves phase separation such as dehydration or drying by leaving a decontaminated, inert, even combustible solid residue.
- Waste pyrolysis processes have been developed, but they do not offer an outlet for the residues which must then be landfilled, and these processes can generate harmful or even dangerous products.
- vacuum or partial pressure pyrolysis experiments were carried out, but they did not resolve the extracted vapor phase. Besides, they were not followed by industrialization.
- the present invention is partially akin to the treatment of waste by pyrolysis under primary vacuum or partial pressure.
- an installation according to the method will comprise a specific pyrolyzer from which perfectly degassed, dry solid residues will be removed, from which all the liquid or vaporizable compounds have been extracted and put into a synthesis reaction, with one or more auxiliary pumping fluids.
- their residual vapors are finally re-injected, to interfere: either in the pyrolyzer, or in a parallel installation, either: with auxiliary fluids or in a pyrolyzer.
- the invention applies to the reduction of used tires.
- the simple cutting into two or three pieces with shears allows a multiplication of the load which will be treated by coordinating the heating, the pumping, the recycling of the auxiliary fluid and that of the residual vapors.
- Dne installation according to this method will include a particular vacuum furnace associated with accessories under specific conditions such as schematized in sheet 1/1 and described below.
- Used tires are shredded in a confined enclosure (1) with the addition of used oil.
- the ground material is accumulated under partial pressure and under a controlled atmosphere before being introduced into the Pyrolyser-Reducer (2).
- the transfer between two compartments takes place mechanically in a vertical tube through the excess oil, an oil which hydrostatically balances the pressure differences and ensures sealing.
- the temperature of the mills is raised up to at least 860 ° C. to avoid the formation of complexes such as dioxins, and to allow efficient and progressive extraction of the vapor phase.
- the extraction of vapors is carried out by an auxiliary fluid pump (3).
- it is still oil that will be used as auxiliary fluid.
- this oil will be reacted directly with the vapors extracted so as to cause its rehydrogenation, or the isomerization of a fraction.
- the mixing takes place under static depression, but the emulsion is put under dynamic pressure in this "special mixer" which behaves like a reactor.
- the rehydrogenation yield will be improved by regulating the temperature of the oils, and by the addition of a fluidized catalyst or in solution.
- the cooled residual vapors are composed of non-condensed gases which are re-injected into the Pyrolyser to be cracked there.
- This "in situ" cracking is facilitated by the temperature and the primary vacuum of the pyrolyzer.
- This cracking precipitates a carbon of high purity which can be recovered separately.
- This cracking also liberates hydrogen which reacts directly with the ground materials and the vapors as soon as they are extracted.
- used oils can also be vaporized directly in the enclosure to be pyrolized there.
- the solid residues which result from the process are carbonaceous powders mixed with metallic fibers originating from the carcasses of tires.
- This residue is cooled then extracted from the Pyrolyser-Reducer by a device ensuring the transfer from the vacuum enclosure to a vibrating belt separator (4) by means of a cooled pipe and under a carbon dioxide atmosphere preventing air inlets .
- the powders are sieved and stored in big bags or special containers (5).
- the stock of oily fluid (6) required to mix with the vapor phase will be approximately 100 tonnes.
- the oil stock is made up of several tanks of around 60,000 L. and, the dead volume of each, is supplemented by an excess pressure of 20 mbar of carbon dioxide. These tanks are linked to a specially equipped stripping platform (7). Oil is also used as a heat transfer fluid.
- the installation is inerted with carbon dioxide.
- the Pyroly ⁇ seur-Reducer is equipped with a cooling circuit (8), which allows the transfer of thermal inertia to the oil stock which acts as a buffer.
- a carbon dioxide reserve (9) nearby remains constantly under pressure to inert the pyrolyzer-reducer in the event of a shutdown, and, more generally, ensures safety in the event of fire.
- the tanks are installed in a retention pit equipped with carbon dioxide ramps.
- these metallic fibers keep their high mechanical characteristics and can be used with concrete in projection, or used in anti-wear and anti-cracking of slabs.
- These fibers can especially be incorporated into the composition of high-strength concretes in molded prefabrication and in extrusion.
- These fibers can even serve as a structuring preform for composite materials with an aluminum, magnesium, lithium matrix or light alloys with a low melting point, which will be produced using techniques similar to sintering.
- the residue After separation of the metallic fibers, the residue contains carbon (more than 92%) and mineral elements such as those associated with fillers to rubber (Si02, MgO, etc.), but also and in a remarkable manner, it contains in the form icronized, the zinc necessary for vulcanization, so that this residue is ready for the manufacture of new rubbery gums.
- a similar installation will make it possible to treat electrical cable sheaths of sheathed aluminum and aluminum foil coated or not with plastic. A mixed mixed carbon and aluminum residue is then obtained which can be sintered into bars which can constitute combustible electrodes usable in metallurgy and electro-metallurgy.
- the vacuum oven the central part of this Pyrolyser-Reducer, will necessarily be large. Typically, its enclosure will consist of several concentric tight walls between which empty floors are produced. These envelopes which may be only partial, behave like thermal screens: each screen absorbing part of the stress generated by atmospheric pressure. One or more of these envelopes or parts of envelopes may be wedged together, or may be substituted by materials which are not very conductive of heat, such as porous materials which will preferably be open cell. A set of conjugate lids, closing each vacuum envelope, allows loading. The space between two covers of two envelopes may be increased to the point of constituting an "airlock" at an adjustable vacuum level and thus, allow loading while in progress. An identical device will allow the evacuation of the residues of the "reduction".
- the airlocks can be independent and separable. These airlocks may constitute interchangeable containers connecting to the main enclosure by clamping thanks to conjugation interfaces with independent closing devices. However, it will still be a good idea to be able to charge continuously.
- the difficulty being precisely, to continuously transfer the waste to the core (or from the core of the pyrolyzer), that is to say: between enclosures at different vacuum levels.
- the present invention provides the solution of adding a fluid to the solid waste to be pyrolyzed, such as oil in the case of the treatment of shredded tires.
- the waste consisting of fractionated solids is as if fluidized.
- the transfer will then take place continuously between the two enclosures via a tubular passage and through the fluid which automatically compensates by difference in pressure difference (hydrostatic balancing).
- the liquid phase also provides sealing.
- the heating device can take the form of a radiating central bulb.
- an intermediate wall in the form of a funnel may also heating floor office area, floor that we will try to isolate as much as possible from the shell of the interior enclosure.
- the vapor extraction pump will be of the liquid ring type, and will discharge into a tank or settling chamber. But a more efficient embodiment will be obtained thanks to a forced recirculation of the auxiliary fluid for injection and / or ejection making it possible to improve the pumping efficiency, while remaining at the limit of cavitation.
- the assembly will behave like a dynamic reactor between the two phases: pumped vapors, and auxiliary fluid.
- the reaction yield will be improved by controlling the temperature of the fluid and / or the addition of a solution or fluidized catalyst.
- the residual vapors can be pumped in turn from the decantation chamber to be treated by a second reactor with another auxiliary fluid, and the new emulsion will be discharged into a second chamber whose residual vapors will be treated by another reactor, and so on.
- a discharge and settling chamber can be included in another and can then behave like a stage of a still. With a decreasing temperature gradient from the core to the outside, several enclosures successively included in one another, will allow the fractionation according to different enthalpy levels, with the possibility of separation by density in each enclosure.
- the residual gases can also be filtered on an active carbon filter which can be produced and recycled by the installation itself. And finally, the residual gases will be re-injected into the pyrolyzer at a high temperature level or by means of a device at very high temperature. This device could be placed at the heart of the pyrolyzer and thus participate in the waste temperature rise gradient.
- the cracking will release reactive elements that interfere "at heart”. This cracking can also form a precipitate such as carbon which can be graphitized.
- Several vapor phases differentiated at partial pressures may be extracted simultaneously by several pumps under conditions different by the nature and the temperature of the auxiliary fluid (s).
- the residual vapors of each, after specific treatments, are reinjected into the pyrolyzer or a parallel installation.
- the suction of residual vapors and gases can be equipped with an additional high temperature device, such as: induction heating device, to crack complex compounds into reactive radicals.
- a vapor phase is extracted from the waste.
- This vapor phase is treated and conditioned to avoid any dangerous recombination or synthesis.
- the physico-chemical reaction of this vapor phase with one or more auxiliary fluids makes it possible to carry out syntheses. This is the case with the rehydrogenation of oils as described above.
- the ground plastic can be transferred continuously through a column of cold water.
- the vapors are extracted by several pumps in parallel, each using an auxiliary fluid more specifically absorbing a monomer, or chlorine from the decomposition of PVC. the vapors undergo separate treatments and the residual gases are re-injected.
- a heating crucible will be used or more particularly still: the lead bath will be heated by direct induction at low frequency ensuring electromagnetic stirring.
- lead and lead oxide can be removed continuously.
- molten lead will flow into a branch of a "U" crucible or a crucible with a partition wall having the same effect, the other branch being that of evacuation.
- Liquid lead ensures both the seal between the two branches and, by level difference in the two branches, it provides hydrostatic balancing, while a mechanical device transfers the oxide through the lead bath, but, its density being less, it rises to the surface where it is recovered.
- Residual sulfur vapors are important, and they can be oxidized to sulfuric vapors and acid, according to catalytic processes. Thus, in one of the simplest applications of the process, lead, lead oxide, sulfuric acid are returned to be recycled. However, it will be much more economical and judicious to cause the residual vapors from several installations, such as those described above, to interfere with each other. Thus: part of the hydrogen from pyrolysis of the incondensable gases in the treatment of shredded tires and oils, will make it possible to precipitate the sulfur from the sulfurous gases or / and reduce the lead dioxide to: minium, litharge, or lead .
- part of the sulphurous gas will allow the separation of the aromatic carbides formed during the treatment of the pyrolysis vapors of the shredded tires with the used oils.
- the sulphurous gas in solution may be the auxiliary fluid fixing the chlorine from the pyrolysis of PVC in the plastics processing installation.
- the sulfuryl chloride formed previously like the chlorine vapors, it can be used in a similar installation intended for the treatment of waste and residues based on titanium oxide to give titanium chlorides which can in turn be reduced. by magnesium.
- the returned products are of paramount importance, because they can be reused directly or almost, or burned as fuel, sometimes: dehydration, inerting or decontamination is a sufficient purpose.
- an installation, according to the process will be adapted to the treatment of rendering waste, hose pipes and slaughterhouses. It is not only the progressive pyrolysis with fractionation of the vapors, which brings a new solution to this problem, but it is also the possibility of controlling the degree of pyrolysis of the solid residues, which makes it possible to obtain different products. and which can go as far as obtaining an "animal black".
- an installation will carry out the dehydration of the residues coming from the starch manufacturers, grater, presses and distilleries and such as peels of potatoes, beets, etc ... -
- the vapors could be fractionated and the dry combustible residues added 'a binder such as heavy fuel, will be continuously extruded into combustible logs.
- An installation could also be adapted to the pre-treatment of household waste.
- the dry residue can be stored in summer and its incineration, preferably in winter, will be clean and will then allow the production of steam for heating.
- the inerting of the final residual sludge will also be carried out in a treatment installation according to the process.
- the sludge is sucked continuously, the dewatering is done at very low temperature and only the dry residue is subjected to higher temperatures to vaporize and then condense the heavy metals.
- the cold and hot vapors are extracted simultaneously but separately, the cold vapors are easily condensed by simple passage in the pump while the hot vapors which can be composed of complex volatile products, will be pyrolyzed at very high temperature by a device intermediate or annex.
- the decontamination of waste from healthcare activities will constitute a particular application of the process.
- a small vacuum pyrolysis installation per batch will allow on-site treatment.
- the residue being inert and reduced to a third, can be assimilated to household waste.
- the oven-pyrolyzer acts as a compactor which is slightly depressed during loading operations.
- the head of the compacting piston acts as a heating bulb containing the high temperature pyrolyzer of the vapors which are then bleached in the extraction pump.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94927701A EP0741768A1 (fr) | 1993-09-24 | 1994-09-20 | Procede et dispositif de valorisation des dechets par pyrolyse avec reduction |
| KR1019960701512A KR960704646A (ko) | 1993-09-24 | 1994-09-20 | 폐기물의 재사용을 위한, 환원을 수반하는 고온 가열법, 고온 가열-환원기 |
| AU77015/94A AU7701594A (en) | 1993-09-24 | 1994-09-20 | Method and device for recycling waste by pyrolysis and reduction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9311530A FR2710400B1 (fr) | 1993-09-24 | 1993-09-24 | Pyrolyse avec réduction pour valorisation des déchets, et pyrolyso-réducteurs selon ce procédé. |
| FR93/11530 | 1993-09-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1995008605A1 true WO1995008605A1 (fr) | 1995-03-30 |
Family
ID=9451315
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1994/001093 Ceased WO1995008605A1 (fr) | 1993-09-24 | 1994-09-20 | Procede et dispositif de valorisation des dechets par pyrolyse avec reduction |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0741768A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR960704646A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU7701594A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2172500A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2710400B1 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HUT77569A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL317044A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1995008605A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0672743A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-09-20 | ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matériaux contenant des matières vaporisables |
| FR2743009A1 (fr) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-04 | Fortin Claude Antoine Gabriel | Materiels et procedes de chloruration et de reduction en vase clos |
| WO1999001182A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-14 | Claude Fortin | Materiels et procedes de chloruration et de reduction en vase clos |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3031881A1 (fr) | 2014-12-08 | 2016-06-15 | Innord sp. z o.o. S.K.A. | Procédé de traitement pyrolytique de déchets de polymère depuis le recyclage d'emballages alimentaires et système permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procédé |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2118691A1 (de) * | 1971-04-17 | 1972-10-26 | Scheffler, Gunter, Dipl Ing , 6100 Darmstadt Arheilgen | Verfahren zum Vernichten von Mull |
| US4052265A (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1977-10-04 | Kemp Klaus M | Process for the pyrolytic treatment of organic, pseudo-organic and inorganic material |
| US4740270A (en) * | 1986-06-19 | 1988-04-26 | Universite Laval | Vacuum pyrolysis of scrap tires |
| WO1992016599A1 (fr) * | 1991-03-20 | 1992-10-01 | Societe Française De Thermolyse | Systeme pour le traitement par thermolyse de produits solides dont le rejet est prejudiciable pour l'environnement |
-
1993
- 1993-09-24 FR FR9311530A patent/FR2710400B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-09-20 HU HU9600712A patent/HUT77569A/hu unknown
- 1994-09-20 PL PL94317044A patent/PL317044A1/xx unknown
- 1994-09-20 WO PCT/FR1994/001093 patent/WO1995008605A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1994-09-20 KR KR1019960701512A patent/KR960704646A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-09-20 AU AU77015/94A patent/AU7701594A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-09-20 EP EP94927701A patent/EP0741768A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-09-20 CA CA002172500A patent/CA2172500A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2118691A1 (de) * | 1971-04-17 | 1972-10-26 | Scheffler, Gunter, Dipl Ing , 6100 Darmstadt Arheilgen | Verfahren zum Vernichten von Mull |
| US4052265A (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1977-10-04 | Kemp Klaus M | Process for the pyrolytic treatment of organic, pseudo-organic and inorganic material |
| US4740270A (en) * | 1986-06-19 | 1988-04-26 | Universite Laval | Vacuum pyrolysis of scrap tires |
| WO1992016599A1 (fr) * | 1991-03-20 | 1992-10-01 | Societe Française De Thermolyse | Systeme pour le traitement par thermolyse de produits solides dont le rejet est prejudiciable pour l'environnement |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0672743A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-09-20 | ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement thermique de matériaux contenant des matières vaporisables |
| US5595483A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-01-21 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Method and apparatus for thermal treatment of materials containing vaporizable substances |
| FR2743009A1 (fr) * | 1995-12-28 | 1997-07-04 | Fortin Claude Antoine Gabriel | Materiels et procedes de chloruration et de reduction en vase clos |
| WO1999001182A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-14 | Claude Fortin | Materiels et procedes de chloruration et de reduction en vase clos |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HUT77569A (hu) | 1998-06-29 |
| CA2172500A1 (fr) | 1995-03-30 |
| HU9600712D0 (en) | 1996-05-28 |
| PL317044A1 (en) | 1997-03-03 |
| FR2710400B1 (fr) | 1996-01-05 |
| FR2710400A1 (fr) | 1995-03-31 |
| EP0741768A1 (fr) | 1996-11-13 |
| AU7701594A (en) | 1995-04-10 |
| KR960704646A (ko) | 1996-10-09 |
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