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WO1995000264A1 - Procede de traitement de sols contamines et dispositif de mise en ×uvre dudit procede - Google Patents

Procede de traitement de sols contamines et dispositif de mise en ×uvre dudit procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995000264A1
WO1995000264A1 PCT/EP1994/001622 EP9401622W WO9500264A1 WO 1995000264 A1 WO1995000264 A1 WO 1995000264A1 EP 9401622 W EP9401622 W EP 9401622W WO 9500264 A1 WO9500264 A1 WO 9500264A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
lens
contamination
contaminated
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1994/001622
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Berndt Kühn
Peter König
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1995000264A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995000264A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/345—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used for biological oxidation or reduction of sulfur compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the treatment of contaminated soils.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a decontamination process in which it is essential that the contamination layer stored in an earth, which is also referred to as a contamination lens, is detoxified without the layer reaching the earth's surface by excavation, suction or by thermal treatment must be made accessible from the earth's surface.
  • the contaminating lens was diluted by infiltration of fresh water, so that the To get pollutants to mix with the pure water.
  • This mixed water was then removed through appropriate extraction wells - lowered into the contamination lenses - and fed to a cleaning facility. It was known to use various cleaning methods in order to free the mixed water removed from the pollutants. Gravel filters, active carbon filters and the like were used.
  • the method according to the prior art is therefore a so-called wet classification method, in which the soil layers and clay minerals are irreversibly destroyed and / or important decontaminating soil microorganisms are killed. So far it has not been possible to take advantage of the detoxifying effect of microorganisms in order to detoxify contaminated soils, in particular heavy metals.
  • the invention therefore has the object of providing a method and an apparatus operating according to the process to further develop such da / 9 is ensured while maintaining an undisturbed soil structure a substantially ver ⁇ Patched detoxification efficiency, especially when heavy metals.
  • the invention is characterized by a method according to the subject matter of claim 1.
  • a device operating according to the method is also claimed to be essential to the invention.
  • An essential feature of the present invention since / 9 now stored in the ground above a contami- approximately lenses Anstau information or sprinkling area is built is built on a planting or extended. It is also essential, since / 9 to downstream of a groundwater flow one or more extraction wells built from which the groundwater is extracted and conveyed to the surface. It is also essential, since / 9 is subjected to this required mixing water purification and as / 3, the removed water from the purification stage is jammed in a polishing pond.
  • the process according to the invention thus consists of the following process steps: 1. Establish a damming or sprinkling area above one or more contamination lenses.
  • the plants cause a change in the pH value in the soil, namely a shift to the acidic range, so that the harmful substances (including volatile substances) are mobilized and brought to the final washout . It is also provided that the plants absorb some of the harmful substances.
  • This concept represents an ecologically harmless remediation program, whereby neither soil layers are destroyed nor an uncontrollable intervention on microorganisms takes place.
  • the renovation is carried out without chemical or thermal intervention, which means that after this measure, the soil is not dead, but is highly macrobiologically and microbiologically activated by the ventilation close to the surface.
  • the above-mentioned measure of flooding must be supplemented by planting with woody plants and perennials specially designed for the absorption of pollutants. These give off hydrogen ions and organic acids through their roots, which makes the heavy metals present as soluble chelate complexes or ions available to plants.
  • the heavy metals which are now available to plants are deposited in the vacuoles (cavities), in the case of perennials mainly in the stem area. These can now be disposed of as contaminated goods after harvesting.
  • an accumulation surface is produced which is delimited by a wall running all around.
  • This wall preferably has a height of approximately 60 cm in order to achieve a water level on the accumulation surface of approximately 15 cm.
  • another embodiment of the invention provides for sprinkling a certain area which corresponds in size to the damming area. That way too ensures that fresh water infiltrates from above through the top, contaminated or also uncontaminated layers of earth into the contamination lenses underneath.
  • trenches are built in the area of the storage areas, which are distributed troughs which run through the storage area in the form of semi-open channels in order to concentrate the water of the storage area in these trenches, so as not to grow the roots of those planted there
  • Root growth are driven into the ground, the ventilation pipes being driven to different depths in the unpolluted ground, with none of the ventilation pipes opening directly into the contamination lens.
  • soil-flexible separating injections are introduced into the soil, which must reach so deep that they reach into the aquifer and the groundwater accumulate at least partially.
  • one or more extraction wells are then built upstream of the soil-flexible separation injection, via which the polluted groundwater is conveyed to the surface.
  • stowage methods can be used for the aquifer, e.g. driving sheet pile walls, sealing aprons and diaphragm walls, which can be mechanically driven into the ground from the surface of the earth to the groundwater area.
  • the mixed water withdrawn from the extraction well is then subjected to special filter processes, it being essential in these filter processes that filters are used with which heavy metals can also be absorbed.
  • the water removed from the filter device is then passed into a finishing pond, where the water is stored.
  • the pure water can be taken from this fining pond for further use or it can also be returned to the accumulation area in the circuit in order to ensure that the cleaning chain is run through many times.
  • the contaminated area is modeled into a ramming area and delimited with a wall to the surrounding area.
  • Special plant groups are selected for the chemical test results obtained by drilling out and are planted in the landscape to be decontaminated.
  • a pond area of only 6% of the total area to be contaminated is sufficient for the amount of water required for the accumulation and flushing process.
  • the water is pumped out of the pond and accumulated on the surface.
  • the pollutants are mobilized by the infiltration of the water and discharged into the groundwater.
  • an interruption in the form of an injection wall introduced in the STRIKE or hydromilling process is effected in the direction of flow of the groundwater, while flexibility of the ground movement is still guaranteed.
  • the contaminated water from wells is pumped into a filter trench for natural filtration and passed directly to a so-called beauty pond.
  • the aforementioned filter trench forms the core of the renovation concept. It consists of several layers of gravel and adsorbent as well as dense vegetation the top layer of gravel with plants capable of absorbing pollutants, e.g. phragmites and typha.
  • the directly adjacent Schönungsteich is lined with a thin layer of gravel and sand.
  • the cleaned water from the Schönungsteich becomes cyclical for. further accumulation processes reused, which avoids hydraulic gradients due to water retention. Evaporated water is formed on the one hand by precipitation and on the other hand from the inflowing water
  • the soil compacted by the accumulation and flushing process is loosened with several superficial aeration levels. This restores the superficial, natural permeability.
  • the air introduced thereby promotes root growth and the willingness of the plants to absorb pollutants as well as increased activity of the soil bacteria.
  • the boreholes and gauges previously drilled for soil investigations are to be used as analytical groundwater measurement parts. Another measuring point is the tapping point in the Schönungsteich towards the accumulation area. Thus, water investigations of the upper current and lower current of the suspected area are available.
  • the contaminated filter material saturated by the washout process must be disposed of in a special waste landfill or reprocessed using the ON-SITE process.
  • Contaminated plant material is disposed of as previously described.
  • This concept presented offers a safe, practicable solution to the problem of a livelihood that has been contaminated for decades.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a section in the direction of line II-II in FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 a . enlarged section through the filter trench
  • Figure 4 a section through the Schönungsteich.
  • an accumulation surface 1 is generated on the surface of the earth, which is defined by a surrounding wall 2.
  • the wall has a height of about 60 cm.
  • trenches 24 are erected, which are low, half-open trenches which, according to FIG. 1, extend in a parallel arrangement and at a mutual distance from one another.
  • the groundwater flow 3 can run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trenches 24 or at any other angle.
  • a planting 35 which preferably consists of the previously mentioned plants, is now directed onto the accumulation area 1, trees, bushes, grass and perennials also being used.
  • a series of ventilation pipes 25 are driven into the unpolluted soil in order to ensure that the root growth of the To ensure water-based planting 35.
  • a flexible ground injection in the form of a sealing skirt 4 is preferably driven into the ground, the lower edge of the sealing skirt 4 being below the lowest groundwater level.
  • the water of the accumulation surface 1 now seeps down in the direction of arrow 37 and penetrates into the contamination lenses 33, 34, where, according to the measures explained above, optimal washing out of pollutants occurs, so that this comes out of the contamination lens 33 , 34 downward flowing mixed water 36 is enriched with pollutants.
  • This mixed water 36 is conveyed upwards by the extraction well 37.
  • the pumping takes place via several pipelines 29, 30, which finally introduce the water into a filter trench 9.
  • the discharge into a drain pipe 17 laid at the bottom of the filter trench 9 takes place.
  • the mixed water emerges radially outward from the slots of the drain pipe 17 and enters a first filter gravel layer 16, where a rough cleaning takes place. It then passes into a filter sand layer 18 and then into an adsorbent layer 19, which is designed accordingly depending on the amount of pollutants.
  • the adsorbent layer is suitable for taking up corresponding heavy metals. If volatile hydrocarbons are to be absorbed, then the adsorbent layer is designed as an activated carbon layer, for example.
  • the filter trench is also planted with appropriate swamp and aquatic plants 21 in order to use the important detoxifying effect of the swamp and aquatic plants according to the root space method.
  • the swamp and aquatic plants 21 planted on the filter trench thus serve to further purify the water in the filter trench.
  • the water rising upwards in the filter trench then flows in the direction of the arrow 22 via an overflow threshold 14 into an adjoining treatment pond 8.
  • the overflow threshold 14 instead of the overflow threshold 14, there may be a spatial separation of the filter trench 9 and the treatment pond 8.
  • the pure water reaching the surface of the filter trench is introduced into the pond 8 with pumps and via pipes.
  • the pure water 12 is dammed up in the beauty pond.
  • a threshold 11 can be arranged in the fining pond, which defines a pump sump 10, from which the pure water is removed again with the aid of a pump 7, in order to be reintroduced into the accumulation surface 1 in the arrow directions 23 via a pipeline 6.
  • the water from the finishing pond 8 is still to have a certain undesirable degree of pollution, then it is provided that this water is fed back into the drainage pipe 17 of the filter trench 9 via a branch 32 in order to be cleaned again. run through.
  • the filter trench 9 and the finishing pond 8 have a waterproof lining 15 which e.g. can consist of a PE film.
  • a root protection layer 20 is arranged above the adsorber layer 19 in order to prevent the roots of the swamp and water plants 21 from penetrating into the adsorbent layer 19.
  • one or more control pipes 26 can be introduced, the ends of which extend into the groundwater flow in order to measure the groundwater level and to determine the direction of flow of the groundwater flow 3.
  • 26 water samples can be taken via the control tube, and the emerging mixed water 36 can be analyzed.
  • the mixed water is removed from the extraction well 27 with the aid of submersible pumps 28.
  • the biologically effective detoxification power of plants is thus exploited for the first time to remove pollutants from the soil.
  • other filter devices can also be used, such as, for example, above-ground filter containers in which corresponding filter devices are arranged.
  • the pure water can be removed from the filter trench 9 immediately.
  • the Schönungsteich 8 serves only as a water reservoir to ensure that the accumulation surface is flooded with accumulation water 5 only at regular intervals; the flooding cycles depend on the type and condition of the soil and on the type of planting 35.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de décontamination de sols contaminés, selon lequel la zone lenticulaire contaminée (33, 34) est éliminée par lavage. De l'eau est projetée sur la surface du terrain qui se trouve au-dessus de la zone lenticulaire contaminée enfouie dans le sol. L'eau qui traverse la zone lenticulaire contaminée est prélevée sous forme d'eau mixte depuis un puits de soutirage (27) situé dans le courant des eaux souterraines. L'eau mixte est filtrée et épurée. L'eau épurée est refoulée dans un étang de clarification (8). Le processus se poursuit jusqu'à ce que la zone lenticulaire contaminée soit décontaminée. L'opération qui consiste à extraire les polluants hors du sol et la décontamination qui s'ensuit s'effectuent toujours en relation avec des plantes réservées à cet effet.
PCT/EP1994/001622 1993-06-17 1994-05-19 Procede de traitement de sols contamines et dispositif de mise en ×uvre dudit procede Ceased WO1995000264A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4319992.5 1993-06-17
DE19934319992 DE4319992C2 (de) 1993-06-17 1993-06-17 Verfahren zur Behandlung von kontaminierten Böden und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995000264A1 true WO1995000264A1 (fr) 1995-01-05

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PCT/EP1994/001622 Ceased WO1995000264A1 (fr) 1993-06-17 1994-05-19 Procede de traitement de sols contamines et dispositif de mise en ×uvre dudit procede

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DE (1) DE4319992C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995000264A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2162059C1 (ru) * 2000-01-06 2001-01-20 Пермский государственный технический университет Способ очистки сточных вод полигонов твердых бытовых отходов от тяжелых металлов

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5809693A (en) * 1995-04-13 1998-09-22 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Microbial isolates promote phytoremediation
WO1996032016A1 (fr) * 1995-04-13 1996-10-17 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Procede de stimulation de la phytorestauration
US5876484A (en) * 1995-05-17 1999-03-02 Phytotech, Inc. Method for removing soluble metals from an aqueous phase
US5917117A (en) * 1996-03-21 1999-06-29 Phytotech, Inc. Inducing hyperaccumulation of metals in plant shoots
DE19735573A1 (de) * 1997-08-11 1999-02-18 Ufz Leipzighalle Gmbh Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Dekontamination von schadstoffbelasteten festen Materialien
DE19753305A1 (de) * 1997-12-02 1998-05-14 Emil Dipl Ing Gansloser Verfahren zum Sanieren von Umweltschäden
AU2881600A (en) * 1999-02-18 2000-09-04 Shell Oil Company Remediation of contaminated groundwater
CN109320561A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2019-02-12 湖南中茂生物科技有限公司 一种去除植物来源黄酮类提取物中塑化剂的方法

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US4415450A (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-11-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for treating wastewater using microorganisms and vascular aquatic plants
US4435292A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-03-06 Kbi Corp. Portable method for decontaminating earth
EP0297417A1 (fr) * 1987-07-03 1989-01-04 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour l'élimination des pollutions du sol
US4839051A (en) * 1985-09-12 1989-06-13 Saken Co., Ltd. Method for treating water
WO1989005778A1 (fr) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-29 Højgaard & Schultz A/S Procede servant a nettoyer des sols contamines et installation de mise en oeuvre dudit procede
US5054961A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-10-08 Ocean Todd Enterprises Inc. Onsite soil treatment process
DE4100758A1 (de) * 1991-01-12 1992-07-23 Schluttig Alexander Dr Verfahren zur entfernung von schadstoffen aus substraten, vorzugsweise boeden mittels hoeherer pflanzen

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DE3921336A1 (de) * 1989-06-29 1991-01-10 Rogmans Maria Verfahren zum reinigen eines mit in fluessigkeit loeslichen schadstoffen verunreinigten oder mit radioaktiven stoffen verseuchten bodens
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US3628607A (en) * 1969-05-12 1971-12-21 Shell Oil Co Oil spill removal method
US4435292A (en) * 1980-01-28 1984-03-06 Kbi Corp. Portable method for decontaminating earth
US4415450A (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-11-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Method for treating wastewater using microorganisms and vascular aquatic plants
US4839051A (en) * 1985-09-12 1989-06-13 Saken Co., Ltd. Method for treating water
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WO1989005778A1 (fr) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-29 Højgaard & Schultz A/S Procede servant a nettoyer des sols contamines et installation de mise en oeuvre dudit procede
US5054961A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-10-08 Ocean Todd Enterprises Inc. Onsite soil treatment process
DE4100758A1 (de) * 1991-01-12 1992-07-23 Schluttig Alexander Dr Verfahren zur entfernung von schadstoffen aus substraten, vorzugsweise boeden mittels hoeherer pflanzen

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2162059C1 (ru) * 2000-01-06 2001-01-20 Пермский государственный технический университет Способ очистки сточных вод полигонов твердых бытовых отходов от тяжелых металлов

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Publication number Publication date
DE4319992C2 (de) 1998-12-03
DE4319992A1 (de) 1994-12-22

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