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WO1993015030A1 - Casting mass - Google Patents

Casting mass Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015030A1
WO1993015030A1 PCT/NO1993/000018 NO9300018W WO9315030A1 WO 1993015030 A1 WO1993015030 A1 WO 1993015030A1 NO 9300018 W NO9300018 W NO 9300018W WO 9315030 A1 WO9315030 A1 WO 9315030A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concrete
anhydrite
cement
casting mass
baukulan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO1993/000018
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Freddy Skjellum
Jan Hovemoen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYGGPRODUKTER AS
Original Assignee
BYGGPRODUKTER AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYGGPRODUKTER AS filed Critical BYGGPRODUKTER AS
Publication of WO1993015030A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015030A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
    • C04B28/165—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement containing synthetic anhydrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
    • C04B2111/1075—Chromium-free or very low chromium-content materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/23—Acid resistance, e.g. against acid air or rain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a casting mass as building material for use instead of a cement-based concrete. 5 Today, substantially cement is used as base for a
  • the cement-based concrete has, however, several disadvantages:
  • the shrinkage of concrete is approximately 0,3%. I.e. large problems may occur with cracks in the concrete _ ⁇ o - Cement-based concrete only withstands temperatures of maximum 600°C.
  • Cement-based concrete is not resistant against oxides and acids.
  • Cement-based concrete emits harmful gases from 150 °C .
  • is - Cement causes chrome-allergic eczema.
  • Cement-based concrete contributes to lime permeability when dyed. 20 - Cement-based concrete cannot be laid on in thin layers of 1-3 cm without cracking. The surface must be blasted and epoxy treated.
  • Cement lime may cause serious burning injuries.
  • Cement-based concrete has limited qualities for pumping.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a casting mass that is cast as regular concrete, but without the above so mentioned disadvantages.
  • a casting mass comprising sand, rock and any additives and materials, and which is characterized in that it contains anhydrite as the only binding and curing agent, which when added
  • the binding and curing agent is synthetic anhydrite.
  • the casting mass according to the invention provides new qualities for the concrete technology, qualities hitherto not known:
  • the casting mass according to the invention is a complete substitute for cement-based concrete, it has been given the designation anhydrite-based concrete.
  • Anhydrite is today produced in two different ways, as natural anhydrite and synthetic anhydrite. Natural anhydrite is found in certain types of rock such as calcium sulphate CaS0 4 . This gypsum-like rock contains water and has varying content of humus.
  • Flammable no, powderized at 1450°C
  • the recipe for 1 m 3 regular anhydrite-based concret will be: 480 kg anhydrite, 1240 kg sand 0-2 mm, 400 kg rock 2 8 mm, and 170 1 water. This compound is particularly suitable fo 5 thin rendering of 1-5 cm. In such a case cement-based concret will crack.
  • Anhydrite-based concrete gives a better adherence t all types of surfaces. It may be laid on tiles, carpets, ol concrete, etc., from a thickness of 1 cm. This is not possibl o with cement-based concrete. From a thickness of 3 cm the concret is self-supporting, i.e. it may be laid as floating floor on fo instance polystyrene and plastics.
  • Anhydrite-based concrete is particularly suitable fo use in the following areas: 5 - as thin rendering, 1-5 cm (cement-based concret cracks), as smoothing casting on concrete elements (floors), as outdoor concrete.
  • Anhydrite as base gives a fa denser concrete. Tests have proved that syntheti anhydrite gives approximately the same qualities in dry climate as in humid climate, up to 94% relative humidi' y, as quick-drying concrete, for fast curing without shrinkage, as industrial concrete, concrete for extreme demands on compressive strength, heat, acid, etc., as light concrete with addition of lava pellets or leca pellets, - as concrete for use on top of heating cables and pipes.
  • gabbrolite rock has excellent qualities as concrete aggregate.
  • the diagram which is from a test is showing the impor ⁇ tance of water to the strength of an anhydrite-based concrete with baukulan and with aggregate as given in the table below. Curing time was 29 days.
  • the test proves that a number of new and remarkabl results may be obtained by changing the parameters.
  • Baukulan concrete composed of baukulan base with san and rock aggregate
  • Baukulan industrial concrete composed of baukulan bas with aggregate of gabbrolite. Both versions are laid on as regular concrete and ma have a thickness from 0,8 cm to unlimited.
  • Anhydrite-based concrete has the following genera characteristics:
  • cement-based and anhydrite-based concrete Regard production, transport of the concrete to the building site, pumping of concrete, casting 5 methods, summer casting, winter casting and surface treatment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

A casting mass as building material for use instead of a cement-based concrete. The casting mass is comprising sand, rock and any additives and materials and is characterized in that it contains anhydrite as the only binding and curing agent, which when added water will cause the casting mass to cure and harden.

Description

Casting mass
This invention relates to a casting mass as building material for use instead of a cement-based concrete. 5 Today, substantially cement is used as base for a
% concrete. The cement-based concrete has, however, several disadvantages:
The shrinkage of concrete is approximately 0,3%. I.e. large problems may occur with cracks in the concrete _ ιo - Cement-based concrete only withstands temperatures of maximum 600°C.
Cement-based concrete is not resistant against oxides and acids.
Cement-based concrete emits harmful gases from 150 °C . is - Cement causes chrome-allergic eczema.
Cement-based concrete adheres poorly to complex surfaces.
Cement-based concrete contributes to lime permeability when dyed. 20 - Cement-based concrete cannot be laid on in thin layers of 1-3 cm without cracking. The surface must be blasted and epoxy treated.
Cement lime may cause serious burning injuries.
In humid climate cement-based concrete has poorer 25 qualities than in a dryer climate.
Cement-based concrete has limited qualities for pumping.
The object of this invention is to provide a casting mass that is cast as regular concrete, but without the above so mentioned disadvantages.
This object is achieved according to the invention by a casting mass comprising sand, rock and any additives and materials, and which is characterized in that it contains anhydrite as the only binding and curing agent, which when added
'It
35 water will cause the casting mass to cure and harden.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the binding and curing agent is synthetic anhydrite.
The casting mass according to the invention provides new qualities for the concrete technology, qualities hitherto not known:
Approximately non-shrinking concrete.
Concrete with new and improved adherence qualities to all kinds of surfaces. - Concrete that may withstand up to 1450°C.
Concrete that may withstand oxides, acids, salts and acid environments.
Concrete that does not loose its qualities in humid climates. The invention will now be described with reference to some preferred embodiments and to the attached drawing, which is a diagram showing the influence of water on the strength.
Since the casting mass according to the invention is a complete substitute for cement-based concrete, it has been given the designation anhydrite-based concrete.
When water is added to the binding agent anhydrite it reacts chemically with some of the water and a mass is obtained which cures and hardens. When this curing takes place in a mixture that also contains sand and rock, the individual sand and rock particles will be retained in the anhydrite base which then will glue it together to the building material anhydrite-based concrete.
Anhydrite is today produced in two different ways, as natural anhydrite and synthetic anhydrite. Natural anhydrite is found in certain types of rock such as calcium sulphate CaS04. This gypsum-like rock contains water and has varying content of humus.
In processing this anhydrite it is burnt at a tempera¬ ture of up to 1500°C. The end product is an anhydrite which has been dried and cleaned for most of its humus.
A manufacture of synthetic anhydrite is Bayer Chemische Werke GmbH in Germany. This anhydrite is a waterless calcium sulphate CaS04 (CAS - No. 7778-18-9), which is a by-product from the production of sulphuric acid. Synthetic anhydrite has the following specifications:
Form: powder
Colour: white
Flammable: no, powderized at 1450°C
Shrinkage: 0,05 mm/m°C pH-value: > 10 in hydrous suspension Emission: emits no harmful gases
The natural anhydrite will for the most part never hav the same clean and stable quality as synthetic anhydrite, an s experience has shown that synthetic anhydrite is most suited a binding agent in the casting mass according to the invention However, it is expected that the quality of natural anhydrit will be better in the future.
One example of synthetic anhydrite is "baukulan o anhydrite base. Baukulan is according to our tests the bes anhydrite base. It is produced by the company Baukulan Mδrtelwer GmbH, Seelenpfad, 5167 Vettweiss, Germany. They have today th rights to Bayer synthetic anhydrite binding agent AB20. Th company Baukulan Mortelwerk has up to know only used thi s anhydrite base for producing free-flowing self-levelling floo plaster. The use of this base in the concrete technology ha brought new dimensions to the fields of use for anhydrite. Well known components have been put together into a new compound, concrete compound with new and surprising qualities. 0 Anhydrite-based concrete is cast as regular concrete
It is almost non-shrinking and may be cast without reinforcement The recipe for 1 m3 regular anhydrite-based concret will be: 480 kg anhydrite, 1240 kg sand 0-2 mm, 400 kg rock 2 8 mm, and 170 1 water. This compound is particularly suitable fo 5 thin rendering of 1-5 cm. In such a case cement-based concret will crack.
Anhydrite-based concrete gives a better adherence t all types of surfaces. It may be laid on tiles, carpets, ol concrete, etc., from a thickness of 1 cm. This is not possibl o with cement-based concrete. From a thickness of 3 cm the concret is self-supporting, i.e. it may be laid as floating floor on fo instance polystyrene and plastics.
Anhydrite-based concrete is particularly suitable fo use in the following areas: 5 - as thin rendering, 1-5 cm (cement-based concret cracks), as smoothing casting on concrete elements (floors), as outdoor concrete. Anhydrite as base gives a fa denser concrete. Tests have proved that syntheti anhydrite gives approximately the same qualities in dry climate as in humid climate, up to 94% relative humidi' y, as quick-drying concrete, for fast curing without shrinkage, as industrial concrete, concrete for extreme demands on compressive strength, heat, acid, etc., as light concrete with addition of lava pellets or leca pellets, - as concrete for use on top of heating cables and pipes.
In order to obtain anhydrite-based concrete of a certain quality there must be a defined proportion between the amount of water and the amount of anhydrite. This is called the water-anhydrite-ratio. This gives the number of litres (kg) of water for each kg of anhydrite and is designated w/a. If a water¬ tight concrete is desired the starting point should be w/a = max. 0,5, i.e. max. 0,5 1 water for each kg of anhydrite, inclusive the water in the aggregate.
Our research and development have shown that gabbrolite rock has excellent qualities as concrete aggregate.
The diagram, which is from a test is showing the impor¬ tance of water to the strength of an anhydrite-based concrete with baukulan and with aggregate as given in the table below. Curing time was 29 days.
Product A (w/a = 0,29):
1 part baukulan, 2 parts gabbrolite, longitudinal change 0,125 mm/m
Product B (w/a = 0,35):
1 part baukulan, 2 parts sand, longitudinal change 0,599 mm/m
Product C (w/a = 0,40):
1 part baukulan, 3 parts gabbrolite, longitudinal change -0,015 mm/m
Product D (w/a = 0,47):
1 part baukulan, 4 parts sand, longitudinal change -0,042 mm/m
Product E (w/a = 0,49):
1 part baukulan, 3 parts sand, longitudinal change 0,012 mm/m Product F (w/a = 0,52):
1 part baukulan, 2 parts sand, longitudinal chang 0,179 mm/m
Product G' (w/a = 0,67):
1 part baukulan, 4 parts sand, longitudinal chang -0,004 mm/m
The test proves that a number of new and remarkabl results may be obtained by changing the parameters.
Particularly two versions of anhydrite-based concret have been tried out, which are:
1. Baukulan concrete, composed of baukulan base with san and rock aggregate, and
2. Baukulan industrial concrete, composed of baukulan bas with aggregate of gabbrolite. Both versions are laid on as regular concrete and ma have a thickness from 0,8 cm to unlimited.
Version 1, baukulan concrete, is well suited fo casting in layers from 0,8-5 cm, in which case crack-free floor are obtained with very good adherence. It is also well suited a cast on heating cables.
Version 2, baukulan industrial concrete, provides very strong surface with high resistance to wear, capable o withstanding heavy loads. It is therefore well suited for th heavy industry, parking houses, roads and bridges. Anhydrite-based concrete has the following genera characteristics:
Approximately no material shrinkage.
Withstands temperature up to 1450°C, i.e. glowin aluminium. - Environmentally friendly, emits no harmful gases.
Very dense and stable mass.
Extremely high compressive strength 35-80 N/mm2, an bending strength 8-14 N/mm2.
Gives a very plane surface. - May be laid on extremely difficult surfaces.
Gives uniform colours through dyeing without lim permeability.
May be pumped with a simple mechanical pump and wit large vehicle pumps without aggregating qualit deteriorating aggregates.
Generally the same methods are used on cement-based and anhydrite-based concrete regarding production, transport of the concrete to the building site, pumping of concrete, casting 5 methods, summer casting, winter casting and surface treatment.
Q
5
0
5
0
5

Claims

Patent Claims
1. A casting mass comprising sand, rock and any additives and materials, CHARACTERIZED IN that it contains anhydrite as the only binding and curing agent, which when added water will cause the casting mass to cure and harden.
2. A casting mass according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN that the binding and curing agent is synthetic anhydrite.
PCT/NO1993/000018 1992-02-03 1993-02-01 Casting mass Ceased WO1993015030A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO920431 1992-02-03
NO920431A NO176959C (en) 1992-02-03 1992-02-03 the casting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015030A1 true WO1993015030A1 (en) 1993-08-05

Family

ID=19894829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1993/000018 Ceased WO1993015030A1 (en) 1992-02-03 1993-02-01 Casting mass

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3576493A (en)
NO (1) NO176959C (en)
WO (1) WO1993015030A1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2801795A1 (en) * 1977-01-18 1978-07-20 Ugine Kuhlmann ANHYDRITE-BASED COMPONENTS
DD200464A1 (en) * 1981-08-20 1983-05-04 Karl Siegfried Dipl Baustoffin ANHYDRIT FLIESS WITH BREAKING PRODUCTS FROM NATURAL OR CURRENT LEGS

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4166750A (en) * 1977-01-14 1979-09-04 Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann Anhydrite concrete and method for preparing building elements
DE2801795A1 (en) * 1977-01-18 1978-07-20 Ugine Kuhlmann ANHYDRITE-BASED COMPONENTS
DD200464A1 (en) * 1981-08-20 1983-05-04 Karl Siegfried Dipl Baustoffin ANHYDRIT FLIESS WITH BREAKING PRODUCTS FROM NATURAL OR CURRENT LEGS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO176959C (en) 1996-08-14
NO920431D0 (en) 1992-02-03
NO920431L (en) 1993-08-04
NO176959B (en) 1995-03-20
AU3576493A (en) 1993-09-01

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