[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1993005237A1 - Barrage flottant - Google Patents

Barrage flottant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993005237A1
WO1993005237A1 PCT/GB1992/001657 GB9201657W WO9305237A1 WO 1993005237 A1 WO1993005237 A1 WO 1993005237A1 GB 9201657 W GB9201657 W GB 9201657W WO 9305237 A1 WO9305237 A1 WO 9305237A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boom
flow
liquid
boom assembly
floating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1992/001657
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James David Coleman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
S & C Thermofluids Ltd
Original Assignee
S & C Thermofluids Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S & C Thermofluids Ltd filed Critical S & C Thermofluids Ltd
Priority to GB9404231A priority Critical patent/GB2274605B/en
Publication of WO1993005237A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993005237A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E02B15/108—Ejection means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • This invention relates to floating boom assemblies, for example for use in containing a spillage of one liquid that has occurred onto the surface of another liquid.
  • a major use is to prevent the escape of oil when it has been released onto water.
  • the oil will usually be crude and the water may be a river, a lake or the sea.
  • booms In order to limit the extent and to aid the collection of an oil spill, it is usual practice to make use of surface booms. Most common are the Fence, Weir and Inflatable Tube types. There is also a hybrid air tube/water tube design. Booms may be positioned by surface craft with wires, or tethered from under the surface or from the shore or a riverbank. In addition to these mechanical barriers, there exist air barriers, which are most commonly used at harbour mouths.
  • the floating booms cause the surface oil to become trapped and consequently to thicken.
  • Some booms are then equipped with weir type devices for the purpose of removing oil from the collection pool.
  • the actual surface oil may vary in its consistency, specific gravity, viscosity and thickness. The thickness may have become less than 0.5mm by the time a boom system has been deployed.
  • Floating booms cannot be used very successfully in heavy seas, with high current velocities or with high wind conditions. It is often found that the thin layer of oil can pass under the booms. If a boom is tethered at two points, it will form a catenary shape and capture the oil in a stagnant pool with a maximum depth near the boom. If the depth exceeds a critical level, it is reported that there may be a rapid drainage failure during which most of the captured oil can be lost. The specific gravity and current velocities are found to be important factors with regard to the prevention of rapid drainage failures.
  • booms In the sea, booms can be allowed to drift with the current, and in rivers they can be swept such that the current velocity to the normal is kept below the critical level.
  • Wave action of the sea on booms can cause enormous forces and the booms must be built to withstand the large heave, roll, and surge forces from the sea.
  • the air barriers can only be used in natural currents of less than 0.15 m/s and are not suitable for open sea use. It follows from the above argument that there are some compounding limitations with mechanical booms which cause their use to be limited, especially at sea.
  • a boom assembly having an elongate boom body having an external surface such that it defines a volume; the body being adapted to float in a liquid to provide a partly- submerged horizontally elongate barrier, with a portion of said external surface being submerged in use; means for providing one or more fluid flows; and outlet means . for introducing said one or more flows to the exterior of the boom body.
  • at least one said flow will be introduced at or adjacent one or more selected regions of said external surface.
  • a flow, particularly a flow comprising liquid may be ejected at a location spaced from said volume-defining external surface, e.g. via outlet means located on or adjacent a skirt extending beneath said volume-defining surface.
  • One or more of said flows may be directed to pass upwardly from said outlet means, the arrangement being such that, in use, the flow tends to remain close to the surface of the boom body.
  • a flow passing over submerged external flow portions can be arranged to alter the flow patterns in the bulk liquid to reduce the tendency of a lighter phase floating on the bulk liquid to pass under the boom body.
  • liquid e.g. water and/or detergent
  • gas e.g. air
  • a Coanda type flow should remain attached to the surface of the boom such that it could bring about suitable local flow conditions to prevent such seepage or failure.
  • the resulting buoyant flow and/or the Coanda effect can be used to ensure that the flow of gas and, possibly, entrained liquid (bulk and/or ejected) can follow a desired path to have a desired effect.
  • a boom may be designed to have variable displacement, e.g. having means for adding or removing water and/or weights to cause ⁇ t to submerge to a greater or lesser extent.
  • One or more longitudinal slots may be positioned in or on the boom to provide said outlet means to allow liquid and/or gas to be ejected, possibly in a direction to pass over a surface thereof. In some cases it may be that the fluid ejection means will only be required in the central region of the boom which is at most risk from seepage and sudden drainage failure.
  • a boom embodying the invention can be remarkably effective as a barrier, e.g. to floating oil, even if it has become substantially emulsified.
  • a relatively small boom can be as good a barrier as a much larger (and hence more expensive and less convenient) conventional boom.
  • the use of the fluid ejection method and equipment is not limited to the prevention of seepage or sudden drainage failure as indicated above. Such methods may be extended to bring about a powered weir action on the surface of a boom.
  • a primary effect sought from the ejection is modification of the velocity profiles under the surface of the bulk liquid (generally water) in order to bring about a hydrodynamic blockage effect.
  • the ejection of fluids near to the surface could be used to transport oil over the immediate boom surface into a weir.
  • the primary flow of fluid (usually comprising water or air, or a combination of the two) may attach to the surface of the boom and, by entrainment and/or surface tension, cause the oil to be transported over the boom surface.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention, which is a containment boom;
  • Fig. 2 is a like view of a second form of containment boom;
  • Fig. 3 is a like view of a third embodiment which is a collecting boom.
  • Fig. 4 is a like view of a second form of collecting boom.
  • Fig. 1 shows a boom 1 in the form of a tube of circular section, semi-submersed in water 2.
  • a layer of oil 3, is shown upstream of the boom.
  • Flow lines L show typical flow patterns. It will be noted that the lines are closer together as they pass beneath the boom 1. Thus the pressure is reduced. This increases the risk of oil 3 passing beneath the boom. This is made more probable if the water is choppy.
  • Using the system of the invention can enable one to disrupt the normal flow _-_ ⁇ , mMlitis O 93/05237
  • Water is shown being ejected from the boom under the surface of the water. This may be effected by a pump P within the boom, causing water to be pumped out through a slot S in the undersurface of the boom. This is causing an entrainment of the surrounding water and a hydrodynamic blockage effect. Water is also being ejected from an upper slot 5 adjacent the oil/water interface, and/or air from pump P _ is ejected from an intermediate slot 6, in order to aid the blockage effect by disrupting the normal flow patterns responsible for the seepage and sudden drainage failure mechanism. The buoyant nature of an air (or other gas) flow will also contribute to the upward velocity gradient.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant, in which the pump P and outlet slot S ⁇ are provided by an external component, detachably mounted via brackets B on the boom.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show collecting booms 20,22. Each has an internal reservoir 24 for oil, with access over a weir surface 26. As in Figs. 1 and 2, air and/or water is caused to flow upwardly over the submerged surface of the boom by the Coanda effect. In this case it entrains oil and carries it over the weir.
  • a boom assembly may be provided which has containment features as exemplified by Figs. 1 and 2 as well as collecting features as exemplified by Figs. 3 and 4.
  • Fluids for ejection may be derived from the bulk liquid and/or atmosphere and/or from stores within the boom assembly and/or from external stores coupled by supply lines.
  • Motive power may likewise be internal and/or external.
  • pumps (P,P' ) may be mounted on a surface vessel (e.g. a ship) provided with an auxiliary power unit (APU).
  • APU auxiliary power unit

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)

Abstract

Barrage flottant (1) possédant des moyens associés (P^_,^_S^) destinés à forcer un ou plusieurs écoulements de fluide (gaz et/ou liquide) près d'une surface externe du barrage. On peut faire en sorte qu'un tel écoulement remonte sur le côté du barrage, en restant près de celui-ci grâce à l'effet Coanda. Ce système peut permettre d'empêcher le passage d'un liquide plus léger (par exemple du pétrole) présent sur la surface du liquide (2) sous le barrage (Figures 1 et 2) et/ou d'assister le passage du liquide plus léger (3) par-dessus un barrage mobile (26) vers un réservoir (24) qui peut être situé à l'intérieur du barrage (Figures 3 et 4).
PCT/GB1992/001657 1991-09-10 1992-09-10 Barrage flottant Ceased WO1993005237A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9404231A GB2274605B (en) 1991-09-10 1992-09-10 Floating boom assemblies

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9119317.7 1991-09-10
GB919119317A GB9119317D0 (en) 1991-09-10 1991-09-10 Improvements to floating booms

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993005237A1 true WO1993005237A1 (fr) 1993-03-18

Family

ID=10701178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/001657 Ceased WO1993005237A1 (fr) 1991-09-10 1992-09-10 Barrage flottant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2543392A (fr)
GB (2) GB9119317D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993005237A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2805290A1 (fr) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-24 Mario Spada Dispositif pour l'elimination des produits liquides ou visqueux flottant a la surface des eaux, comme par exemple des hydrocarbures

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2500431A1 (fr) * 1981-02-24 1982-08-27 Colletta Daniel Dispositif de nettoyage et de recuperation de toute substance liquide, solide, emulsive ou poudreuse flottant sur un liquide quelconque
US4358374A (en) * 1979-05-07 1982-11-09 Mirkoz Diesel Es Hutotechnikai Szovetkezet Stripping apparatus for the removal of contaminants floating on a liquid

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4358374A (en) * 1979-05-07 1982-11-09 Mirkoz Diesel Es Hutotechnikai Szovetkezet Stripping apparatus for the removal of contaminants floating on a liquid
FR2500431A1 (fr) * 1981-02-24 1982-08-27 Colletta Daniel Dispositif de nettoyage et de recuperation de toute substance liquide, solide, emulsive ou poudreuse flottant sur un liquide quelconque

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
REVUE DE L'INSTITUT FRANçAIS DU PéTROLE vol. 26, no. 9, September 1971, PARIS pages 780 - 801 P. DEGOBERT 'traitement des nappes par procédés mécaniques et phisiques' *
THE DOCK & HARBOUR AUTHOR September 1968, pages 189 - 190 'Pneumatic barriers : effective defence against oil pollution' *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2805290A1 (fr) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-24 Mario Spada Dispositif pour l'elimination des produits liquides ou visqueux flottant a la surface des eaux, comme par exemple des hydrocarbures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2274605A (en) 1994-08-03
GB9404231D0 (en) 1994-05-11
GB2274605B (en) 1995-09-20
GB9119317D0 (en) 1991-10-23
AU2543392A (en) 1993-04-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA1074710A (fr) Appareil pour separer le petrole epandu de l'eau
US5385427A (en) Method and apparatus for containment of oil and other pollutants
GB2063776A (en) Apparatus and method for collecting subsea oil leakage and the like
KR100786450B1 (ko) 석유 유출물 방제 장치
CA1126664A (fr) Materiel de depollution
US4146344A (en) V-shaped oil containment boom
US4207191A (en) Anti-pollution boom
US3708983A (en) Apparatus for confining oil spills
US20040112899A1 (en) Bottomless spar-type oil storage tank
US3710943A (en) Variable displacement fence for oil spill containment and recovery
KR101727011B1 (ko) 수위 변화에 대응하는 부유식 수상 시설물 조립체
WO1993005237A1 (fr) Barrage flottant
GB2246981A (en) Oil spill barrier of air bubbles; Tubes
US4136008A (en) Ocean oil skimmer for continuous removal of oil from the open sea method
JPH10306432A (ja) 浮遊物の回収装置
FI68285B (fi) Foerfarande och anlaeggning foer aotervinning av pao vatten fltande olja
US4510054A (en) Oil recovery apparatus
EP1524186B1 (fr) Dispositif de collecte de fluides sorties d'une source sous-marine
US6905597B2 (en) Device for recovering oil from an oil-slick on a stretch of water
EP0595932A1 (fr) Barrage flottant limitant l'extension de la pollution.
JPH08113932A (ja) 放流構造
WO2013052007A1 (fr) Système de récupération d'hydrocarbures déversés accidentellement
KR19980063832U (ko) 유출유회수장치
KR20240067632A (ko) 해상 유출 기름 회수시스템용 유수분리형 회수 기름 저장장치
Milgram et al. Combined skimmer-barrier high seas oil recovery system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT AU BB BG BR CA CH CS DE DK ES FI GB HU JP KP KR LK LU MG MN MW NL NO PL RO RU SD SE US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR SN TD TG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA