WO1992009539A1 - Verfahren zum einbinden von schwermetallhaltigem filterstaub in keramische formlinge - Google Patents
Verfahren zum einbinden von schwermetallhaltigem filterstaub in keramische formlinge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992009539A1 WO1992009539A1 PCT/EP1991/002241 EP9102241W WO9209539A1 WO 1992009539 A1 WO1992009539 A1 WO 1992009539A1 EP 9102241 W EP9102241 W EP 9102241W WO 9209539 A1 WO9209539 A1 WO 9209539A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter dust
- heavy metals
- green compacts
- clay
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/105—Gaseous combustion products or dusts collected from waste incineration, e.g. sludge resulting from the purification of gaseous combustion products of waste incineration
- C04B18/106—Fly ash from waste incinerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1325—Hazardous waste other than combustion residues
- C04B33/1327—Hazardous waste other than combustion residues containing heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for incorporating filter dust containing heavy metals in ceramic moldings by mixing the filter dust with clay, forming green bodies from the mixture and hard burning or sintering the green bodies.
- Such a method is known from DE-OS 36 12 381.
- the purpose of the known method is to prepare filter dusts contaminated with toxic heavy metals by incorporating them into a binary matrix material in such a way that they can be permanently deposited on simple household landfills.
- the filter dust is mixed with clay and mixed with an additional material, the capillarity and reduces water binding forces of the clay.
- the mixture is then pressed into moldings of any shape and size which can be deposited.
- the additional material a sulfonated, water-soluble oil, is intended to prevent the water from taking up the shaped bodies and thereby to prevent the heavy metals from washing out.
- the moldings can be deposited in compressed and air-dried form, but are preferably hard-fired between 600 ° C.
- the present invention is based on the object of specifying a method which is particularly suitable for permanently incorporating heavy metal filter dusts into ceramic moldings and which is linked to less expulsion of heavy metal compounds during firing.
- the heavy metal-containing filter dust is first mixed with clay, water and one or more fluxes and then green compacts are formed and sintered from the mixture.
- the temperature at which sintering begins is reduced to such an extent that one can remain below a firing temperature of 1100 ° C., better still below 1070 ° C., and yet glazing of the moldings with a silicate bond of the heavy metals.
- This limitation of the firing temperature noticeably reduces the expulsion of heavy metal compounds observed during firing.
- the heavy metal losses still occurring at the lower firing temperature can largely be filtered out of the exhaust gas from the kiln, in particular with the aid of molecular sieves (zeolites), which are used for this purpose as filters are particularly suitable.
- the molecular sieves do not interfere with the firing process, they even act as fluxes in a manner desired per se.
- Silicon-rich is best suited for the integration of heavy metals from electroplating sludge into ceramic moldings
- the inventors have found a surprisingly simple possibility of how on the one hand to decisively reduce the expulsion of heavy metal compounds during firing and at the same time to achieve a high resistance of the ceramic moldings against washing out of the heavy metal compounds.
- Washing the filter dust has decisive advantages: heavy metal compounds that have been expelled to a particularly large extent during burning, in particular chlorides of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium, become less strong volatile compounds are converted and precipitate in the alkaline medium. Sulfates, which make a significant contribution to the bloating of the moldings, are washed out to a considerable extent (on the order of 40%). They go into solution together with chloride, alkali and alkaline earth ions and are no longer contained in the filtered dust, largely drained by a filter press, but they do contain the heavy metal compounds, which are supposed to be fixed with ceramics.
- the process working with washed filter dust allows a densely sintered formation to be fired at temperatures below 1100 ° C., which shows excellent resistance to washing out of heavy metal compounds. Since, on the other hand, when working with washed filter dust, the low expulsion of heavy metals when burning and the reduced tendency to bloat no longer require the lowest possible firing temperature, the firing temperature can go up to just below the softening temperature and in this way an optimal ceramic fixing of the Heavy metals in connection with a relatively low pore volume and high compressive strength of the molded articles fired to clinker.
- the amount of water added during mixing is such that the mixture achieves a plasticity which is favorable for shaping the green compacts, the shaping of the green compacts best being carried out by extrusion.
- the water content must not be too high in order to obtain green compacts of high density and strength. It is preferred not to add more than 350 g of water based on 1000 g of the mixture before the green compacts are formed. It is best to prepare the mixture so that the green compacts reach a peppercorn compression height of close to 30 mm (corresponds to a peppercorn number of 1.3).
- the proportion of filter dust in the mixture is chosen as high as possible for economic reasons.
- the proportion of the filter dust in the mixture of clay, flux and filter dust does not exceed 50% by weight ( based on dry matter); the proportion of filter dust in the mixture is preferably one third (based on dry matter).
- the green compacts are fired at a temperature between 900 ° C and 1100 ° C. Gas-forming reactions still take place below 900 ° C., for example the decomposition of calcium carbonate in CaO and CO-. Below 900 ° C., the cullet formed from the green compact is still so porous that the gases formed can escape without difficulty, but it is too porous for the heavy metals to be permanently bonded. Above 900 ° C, the cullet becomes increasingly dense and the heavy metals are more firmly integrated. With the approach of 1100 ° C., however, heavy metals are increasingly volatilized, which is undesirable in principle and, moreover, causes the fragments to expand, because these are already compacted and the heavy metals cannot therefore easily escape.
- the fragments are destroyed in shape and strength by the inflation. This is counteracted by the fact that, according to the invention, the filter dust is washed and / or flux is added, because a melting phase is then formed during the firing already below 1070 ° C.-1100 ° C.
- the type and amount of the flux may be selected so that a melting phase is formed at the chosen firing temperature, which leads to glazing and thus permanent immersion.
- the flux content should not be too high, since with increasing flux content the plasticity of the mixture from which the green compacts are formed decreases and the strand pressed from the mixture or the green compacts formed therefrom no longer have sufficient strength in the undried state.
- the proportion of flux is expediently at most 20% by weight, based on the total of clay, flux and filter dust, even less with washed filter dust, since it is even possible to do without the addition of flux.
- Fluxing agents customary in the ceramic, glass and enamel industries are also suitable for the purposes of the present invention, in particular silica, nepheline, syenite, glass powder, borax, fluorspar or enamel.
- electroplating sludge can also be added instead of a conventional flux.
- the addition of electroplating sludge also leads to a drop in the temperature at which local glazing sets in.
- the addition of electroplating sludge is particularly advantageous because it also contains heavy metals that can be permanently rendered harmless, so that two birds are killed with one stone. It is also a particular advantage to note that when galvanic sludge is added, the otherwise very problematic zinc can be well integrated.
- the amount of electroplating sludge that is added should - calculated as dry matter - not be greater than the proportion of the filter dust itself.
- the green bodies produced with unwashed filter dust are preferably fired at a temperature between 950 ° C. and 1020 ° C., and those produced with washed filter dust at a temperature between 1070 ° C. and 1090 ° C. At higher temperatures, the Heavy metal expulsion.
- Whether and to what extent the heavy metals can be washed out again from the sintered moldings depends not only on the selection of the clay, the flux and the firing temperature, but also to a certain extent on the porosity of the sintered moldings.
- the aim is therefore to keep the porosity as low as possible and to adjust the firing conditions accordingly; this applies in particular to the course of the firing temperature over time (firing curve).
- gases escape from the molding during the firing process.
- a firing curve is preferably selected such that gases such as water vapor and carbon dioxide are expelled as slowly as possible. This ensures that the escaping gases do not create any cracks or large pores in the formation.
- a strand with a cross section of 33 mm x 40 mm is pressed from the mixture using a vacuum extrusion press using a pressure of 6.5 bar and a vacuum of 96%. So much water is squeezed out that the strand only has a moisture content of 26.6% after pressing.
- the strand is divided into test specimens (green compacts) which are dried for 3 days at 130 ° C before firing. The green compacts are then baked for 3 hours at a temperature of 1040 ° C. after a heating time of 6 hours. The firing temperature was determined by preliminary tests. It was observed that the sintering started at 920 ° C. and the softening point was 1050 ° C.
- the moldings were then ground and the proportion of heavy metals (mainly nickel, chromium, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium) analyzed, once after an aqua regia digestion and once after a hydrofluoric acid digestion (total digestion). From the difference in the determinations according to the two different digestions, one can conclude how large the proportion of the silicate-bound heavy metals is; it was 98%.
- heavy metals mainly nickel, chromium, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium
- the silicate-bound heavy metals are not leached out of the ceramic formations.
- the fly ash from the 1st example was washed with ordinary water and filtered through a filter press, the filtered fly ash has a residual moisture of approx. 40%. It is then mixed with a silicon-rich clay with the following composition:
- Green compacts are produced and fired as in the second example, the fly ash not being washed, in contrast to the second example, and optimal firing conditions being used as firing conditions. curve with a maximum temperature of 1080 ° C was selected.
- the table below shows the most important properties of the moldings produced in accordance with the second example and the comparative example, as well as the respective heavy metal drive during firing.
- Moldings produced from filter dust are significantly less than when using unwashed filter dust. Only a fraction of the amount of heavy metal expelled from unwashed filter dust is expelled.
- Filter dust are produced, because of the lack of sprouting is larger than in the formations produced with unwashed filter dust. Analyzes of the washing liquid have shown that it has absorbed approximately 40% of the chloride and sulfate content, plus alkalis and alkaline earths, in particular calcium, which is advantageous for the burning process, but that the washing liquid only contains negligible amounts of heavy metals, which also is an advantage, because the heavy metals are supposed to be bound with ceramics.
- optimal firing conditions are therefore with an etching time of 3 to 4 hours, a maximum temperature of 1070 ° C. to 1080 ° C. and a holding time of 2 to 3 hours.
- the elution is lowest for clays with 60 to 80% SiO, content and with AI 0, contents just below 20%, so that such clays are preferred.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL91311161A PL169876B1 (pl) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Sposób wiazania pylu z filtrów, zawierajacego metale ciezkie, w pólfabrykaty ceramiczne PL PL PL |
| CZ963816A CZ284593B6 (cs) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Způsob vázání odfiltrovaného prachu, obsahujícího těžké kovy, v keramických výliscích |
| CS93998A CZ282724B6 (cs) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Způsob vázání odfiltrovaného prachu, obsahujícího těžké kovy, do keramických výlisků |
| SK538-93A SK279287B6 (sk) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Spôsob viazania odfiltrovaného prachu, obsahujúceh |
| PL91299322A PL169449B1 (pl) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Sposób wiazania zawierajacego metale ciezkie pylu z filtrów w pólfabrykaty ceramiczne PL |
| EP19910920368 EP0559692B1 (de) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Verfahren zum einbinden von schwermetallhaltigem filterstaub in keramische formlinge |
| DE59107097T DE59107097D1 (de) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Verfahren zum einbinden von schwermetallhaltigem filterstaub in keramische formlinge |
| GR960400710T GR3019303T3 (en) | 1990-11-27 | 1996-03-13 | Process for fixing filter dust containing heavy metals in ceramic mouldings |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4037624.9 | 1990-11-27 | ||
| DE4037624 | 1990-11-27 | ||
| DE19914133136 DE4133136A1 (de) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-10-07 | Verfahren zum herstellen von schwermetallhaltigen, keramischen formlingen |
| DEP4133136.2 | 1991-10-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992009539A1 true WO1992009539A1 (de) | 1992-06-11 |
Family
ID=25898778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1991/002241 Ceased WO1992009539A1 (de) | 1990-11-27 | 1991-11-27 | Verfahren zum einbinden von schwermetallhaltigem filterstaub in keramische formlinge |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0559692B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE131459T1 (de) |
| CZ (2) | CZ282724B6 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4133136A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK0559692T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2082996T3 (de) |
| GR (1) | GR3019303T3 (de) |
| HU (1) | HU214315B (de) |
| PL (2) | PL169449B1 (de) |
| SK (1) | SK279287B6 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1992009539A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994011320A1 (de) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-26 | Ikfs Schadstoffbeseitigung Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen von keramischen körpern, in welchen schwermetallhaltige rückstände eingebunden sind, und so hergestellte keramische körper |
| US7645095B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2010-01-12 | Newearth Pte Ltd. | Method for waste stabilisation and products obtained therefrom |
| RU2638596C1 (ru) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-12-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Владимирский Государственный Университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых" (ВлГУ) | Шихта для изготовления кислотоупорных керамических изделий |
| CN117717845A (zh) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏宏基高新材料股份有限公司 | 一种石墨加工除尘系统 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5679248A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-10-21 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Coextruded blocks and applications therefor |
| ES2190309B1 (es) * | 2000-08-16 | 2004-12-01 | Reyval Ambient, S.L. | Nuevo procedimiento de fabricacion de piezas ceramicas vidriadas. |
| RU2200721C2 (ru) * | 2000-12-26 | 2003-03-20 | Пензенская государственная архитектурно-строительная академия | Керамическая масса для изготовления изделий стеновой керамики |
| CZ298398B6 (cs) * | 2004-04-09 | 2007-09-19 | Ester, Spol. S R. O. | Zpusob ošetrení a využití kontaminovaných zemin |
| CN106001080A (zh) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-10-12 | 曹树梁 | 将土壤分离瓷化治理有毒地块的方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT369723B (de) * | 1979-10-08 | 1983-01-25 | Hatschek Zementwerke Ag H | Verfahren zur herstellung eines neuen baustoffes |
| EP0168532A1 (de) * | 1983-07-12 | 1986-01-22 | Marinus Cornelis Rang | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Baggerschlamm, z.B. Hafenschlamm und ähnliche Produkte |
| EP0170212A2 (de) * | 1984-07-30 | 1986-02-05 | LATERLITE S.p.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Füllstoffen ausgehend von Abwasser, Pulver und/oder Schlamm und die so erhaltenen Füllstoffe |
| DE3630697A1 (de) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-12 | Steirische Magnesit Ind Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen von klinkern aus schwermetallhaltigen schlaemmen |
| EP0402746A1 (de) * | 1989-06-10 | 1990-12-19 | ZWN ZIEGELWERK NEUNKIRCHEN GmbH | Verfahren zur Wiederverwertung von staub- oder schlammförmig anfallendem Sonderabfall |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3612381C2 (de) | 1986-04-12 | 1994-05-11 | Werner Block | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Filterstäuben oder Baggerschlämmen, insbesondere Hafenschlamm, für die Endlagerung |
| JP2831009B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-28 | 1998-12-02 | 新日本加熱加工株式会社 | 都市ごみ焼却灰を利用した人口骨材及びその製造方法 |
-
1991
- 1991-10-07 DE DE19914133136 patent/DE4133136A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-11-27 WO PCT/EP1991/002241 patent/WO1992009539A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1991-11-27 ES ES91920368T patent/ES2082996T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-27 CZ CS93998A patent/CZ282724B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-27 SK SK538-93A patent/SK279287B6/sk unknown
- 1991-11-27 HU HU9301539A patent/HU214315B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-27 AT AT91920368T patent/ATE131459T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-11-27 DK DK91920368T patent/DK0559692T3/da active
- 1991-11-27 EP EP19910920368 patent/EP0559692B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-11-27 EP EP19950108630 patent/EP0672636A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-11-27 PL PL91299322A patent/PL169449B1/pl unknown
- 1991-11-27 DE DE59107097T patent/DE59107097D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-27 CZ CZ963816A patent/CZ284593B6/cs unknown
- 1991-11-27 PL PL91311161A patent/PL169876B1/pl unknown
-
1996
- 1996-03-13 GR GR960400710T patent/GR3019303T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT369723B (de) * | 1979-10-08 | 1983-01-25 | Hatschek Zementwerke Ag H | Verfahren zur herstellung eines neuen baustoffes |
| EP0168532A1 (de) * | 1983-07-12 | 1986-01-22 | Marinus Cornelis Rang | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Baggerschlamm, z.B. Hafenschlamm und ähnliche Produkte |
| EP0170212A2 (de) * | 1984-07-30 | 1986-02-05 | LATERLITE S.p.A. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Füllstoffen ausgehend von Abwasser, Pulver und/oder Schlamm und die so erhaltenen Füllstoffe |
| DE3630697A1 (de) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-12 | Steirische Magnesit Ind Ag | Verfahren zum herstellen von klinkern aus schwermetallhaltigen schlaemmen |
| EP0402746A1 (de) * | 1989-06-10 | 1990-12-19 | ZWN ZIEGELWERK NEUNKIRCHEN GmbH | Verfahren zur Wiederverwertung von staub- oder schlammförmig anfallendem Sonderabfall |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994011320A1 (de) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-26 | Ikfs Schadstoffbeseitigung Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen von keramischen körpern, in welchen schwermetallhaltige rückstände eingebunden sind, und so hergestellte keramische körper |
| US7645095B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2010-01-12 | Newearth Pte Ltd. | Method for waste stabilisation and products obtained therefrom |
| RU2638596C1 (ru) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-12-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Владимирский Государственный Университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых" (ВлГУ) | Шихта для изготовления кислотоупорных керамических изделий |
| CN117717845A (zh) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏宏基高新材料股份有限公司 | 一种石墨加工除尘系统 |
| CN117717845B (zh) * | 2023-12-19 | 2024-06-04 | 江苏宏基高新材料股份有限公司 | 一种石墨加工除尘系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CZ282724B6 (cs) | 1997-09-17 |
| EP0559692B1 (de) | 1995-12-13 |
| HU214315B (hu) | 1998-03-02 |
| EP0672636A3 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
| SK53893A3 (en) | 1993-08-11 |
| HU9301539D0 (en) | 1993-11-29 |
| DK0559692T3 (da) | 1996-04-09 |
| CZ284593B6 (cs) | 1999-01-13 |
| SK279287B6 (sk) | 1998-09-09 |
| EP0559692A1 (de) | 1993-09-15 |
| GR3019303T3 (en) | 1996-06-30 |
| PL169876B1 (pl) | 1996-09-30 |
| HUT71279A (en) | 1995-11-28 |
| CZ99893A3 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
| ES2082996T3 (es) | 1996-04-01 |
| DE4133136A1 (de) | 1992-06-04 |
| CZ381696A3 (en) | 1997-11-12 |
| EP0672636A2 (de) | 1995-09-20 |
| ATE131459T1 (de) | 1995-12-15 |
| DE59107097D1 (de) | 1996-01-25 |
| PL169449B1 (pl) | 1996-07-31 |
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