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WO1992007918A2 - Agent de sorption d'huile - Google Patents

Agent de sorption d'huile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992007918A2
WO1992007918A2 PCT/CA1991/000392 CA9100392W WO9207918A2 WO 1992007918 A2 WO1992007918 A2 WO 1992007918A2 CA 9100392 W CA9100392 W CA 9100392W WO 9207918 A2 WO9207918 A2 WO 9207918A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
sorbent
fibres
polyolefin
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA1991/000392
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1992007918A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark William Groves
Michael David Smith
Stephen Robert Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TRYAM TRADING Inc
Original Assignee
TRYAM TRADING Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRYAM TRADING Inc filed Critical TRYAM TRADING Inc
Publication of WO1992007918A2 publication Critical patent/WO1992007918A2/fr
Publication of WO1992007918A3 publication Critical patent/WO1992007918A3/fr
Priority to GB9306739A priority Critical patent/GB2265628B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil sorbent formed from a matrix of intermingled non-woven polyolefin fibres, shredded polyolefin film and cellulosic fibres, which may be used for sorption of oil, especially hydrocarbon oil, and especially oil in admixtures of oil and water.
  • the present invention also relates to re-use or recycling of oil and sorbent.
  • Methods for the segregation and recovery of oil from spillages are known. These methods include mechanical devices e.g. booms for containing oil in a restricted area and sweeping and skimming devices for removing oil from water; such methods tend to be less than satisfactory for cleaning up of oil spillages.
  • the methods also include the use of a variety of organic matter, including peat, hemp, peanut shells and other naturally occurring substances or materials derived from naturally occurring substances.
  • materials formed from in particular polyolefins, e.g. fibres and foamed materials are also known for use in recovery of oil in oil spillages.
  • the present invention provides an oil sorbent comprising a matrix of intermingled non-woven polyolefin fibres, shredded polyolefin film and cellulosic fibres.
  • the cellulosic fibres are wood pulp fibres and preferably constitute less than 10% of the oil sorbent.
  • polyolefin fibres are polypropylene fibres and the polyolefin film is polyethylene film.
  • the oil sorbent contains sufficient adhesive material to prevent the formation of fines.
  • the present invention further provides a process for the sorption of oil comprising the steps of contacting the oil with a sorbent, said sorbent comprising a matrix of intermingled non-woven polyolefin fibres, shredded polyolefin film and cellulosic fibres.
  • the oil is a hydrocarbon oil.
  • the oil is in the form of an admixture with water, and preferably the process involves sorption of oil from the water and recovery of the oil from the sorbent.
  • the oil sorbent is comprised of a matrix of intermingled non-woven polyolefin fibres, shredded polyolefin film and cellulosic fibres.
  • the polyolefin fibres may be polyethylene fibres or, preferably polypropylene fibres.
  • the polyolefin fibres may comprise 20-80% by weight of the sorbent, especially 30-70% by weight but preferably comprise the major portion of the oil sorbent, i.e. greater than 50% by weight of the oil sorbent.
  • the polyolefin fibres are non-woven fibres and may in fact be in the form of pulp or other mass of fibres. While the individual fibres may be of significant length, in preferred embodiments the fibres are relatively short and random in length.
  • polyolefins There is a natural affinity of hydrocarbon oil for polyolefins; the ability of the polyolefin for sorption of oil appears to be a function of the surface area of the polyolefin and the particular nature of that surface. While it is not necessary to do so, the polyolefin fibres could have coatings of oil sorbing materials or agents that wet the surface of the fibre with respect to oil and promote sorption of oil.
  • the cellulosic fibres are preferably wood pulp fibres and constitute 0.5-25% by weight of the oil sorbent, especially less than about 10% by weight of the oil sorbent, and particularly about 5 to 10% by weight.
  • the cellulosic fibres are relatively short fibres with a high surface area.
  • the polyolefin film is a shredded film.
  • the film may have been shredded in a wide variety of shredders, including water jet cutters, serrated or rotating knives, blades shears or other rotary cutting, shredding or granulating devices.
  • the film in shredded form is preferably of a size that is less than of about 15mm in its largest dimension, especially less than about 5mm and particularly less than about 3mm.
  • the amount of polyolefin film is the complement of the other components, and thus is in amounts of about 19.5-79.5% by weight, with preferred amounts being 30-70% by weight.
  • the polyolefin film may be a polypropylene film but is preferably a polyethylene film, including polyethylene film that has been formed from copolymers of ethylene and minor amounts of higher alpha-olefins e.g. butene-1, hexene-1 or octene-1; the polyolefin film may contain fillers e.g. starch-based fillers and/or be blended or coated with other polymers e.g. polyvinyl alcohol or ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers.
  • the shredded polyolefin film also acts as an sorbent for the oil.
  • the polyolefin film has another more important function which is to create voids within the matrix of intermingled polyolefin fibres, thereby facilitating the migration or wicking of oil within the matrix of the polyolefin fibres.
  • the random shape and size of the individual pieces of shredded polyolefin film tends to disrupt the matrix of fibres and prevent the non-woven fibres from forming a dense mass, especially a dense mass that is substantially oil impenetratable.
  • the oil sorbent should be compacted e.g. by mechanical means for shipping or storage, the shredded polyolefin film tends to reestablish a matrix of polyolefin fibres with voids therein to permit oil to access the surface of the fibres after the compacting forces have been removed.
  • the polyolefin fibres and the polyolefin film are effective in sorbing substantial quantities of oil from a surface. However, it is also understood that such fibres and film are less effective in removing surface layers of film from a surface.
  • the cellulosic fibres, especially wood pulp fibres, in the oil sorbent in the present invention are believed to come into more intimate contact with those surfaces and facilitate removal of oil therefrom. * In preferred embodiments of the invention, the oil sorbent has a minor amount of adhesive material forming 5 part of the oil sorbent.
  • the adhesive material and inherent electrostatic or related attractions should be sufficient to attach the cellulosic fibres to the remainder of the matrix to an extent that the integrity of the matrix is improved by binding the "fines" in the 10 oil sorbent.
  • a substantial proportion of those fibres should, however, be free of the surface, and therefore capable of contacting oil and acting as an sorbent.
  • Prevention of the formation of fines in the oil sorbent is important as the fines would tend to fall from the oil 15 sorbent and remain on the surface that is to be cleaned, making the cleaning less efficient.
  • the adhesive thus improves the handling characteristics of the oil sorbent.
  • a preferred source of the oil sorbent of the present invention is from the plastic material obtained from the 20 process for the treatment of absorbent sanitary paper products that is disclosed in the copending PCT patent application of Marlene E. Conway, Fran ⁇ ois Jooste and Michael D. Smith filed concurrently herewith. Such plastic material would normally need to be comminuted 25 prior to use as an oil sorbent.
  • the oil sorbent tends to float on water, which facilitates the separation of the oil sorbent containing sorbed oil from water.
  • the oil sorbent containing oil may in many instances be merely picked up 30 from the surface of the water using scoops or related devices.
  • a substantial portion of the oil may be removed I from the oil sorbent by mechanical means e.g. by squeezing the oil sorbent between rollers, by centrifugal extraction or by other means.
  • the oil sorbent of the present invention may be compressed for shipping and storage, thereby permitting storage of a considerable amount of oil sorbent in a relatively small space. On release of the compressive forces e-g.
  • the sorbent on distributing the oil sorbent on a surface, the sorbent reverts to a larger volume, especially a volume substantially similar to that prior to compaction.
  • the oil sorbent is readily removable from water and tends to clean up not only large pools of oil but also oil that is on the surface of substrates.
  • sorbent has been described herein as being comprised of polyolefin fibres, shredded polyolefin film and cellulosic fibres, it is to be understood that the sorbent may also contain other materials, depending in particular on the origin of the sorbent.
  • oil sorbent obtained from the process of the aforementioned PCT patent application of Marlene E. Conway et al may contain super absorbent polymer, adhesives, tape tabs, spandex (LycraTM) and other material; such additional materials would normally be in relatively small proportions compared with the polyolefin fibres and film.
  • the sorbent may be used in recovery of oil, especially hydrocarbon oil, from oil spillages, including recovery of oil from oil spillages into water.
  • the oil sorbent may be of more significant use in industrial situations e.g. on the floors of metal and machine shops, at gasoline and oil filling stations e.g. in adjacent ditches or in the water near marinas or ocean loading and unloading locations.
  • the oil sorbent may also be useful in treating wildlife that has come into contact with oil spillages, by placing the wildlife directly in contact with the oil sorbent; such treatment of wildlife especially water birds should have a substantially greater likelihood of success than washing the wildlife with detergent solutions that has been used heretofore.
  • the oil sorbent is believed to be especially useful for spillages of light-medium grades of refined or crude oil.
  • Example I The present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
  • Example I The present invention is illustrated by the following examples.
  • Example I is illustrated by the following examples.
  • oil sorbent of the type described in the present application is capable of sorbing up to in excess of 7 times its weight in oil, especially 5-7 g/g of oil.
  • the oil sorbent is a low cost material, clean, relatively lint free, compactable and light weight.
  • Example II A random sample of an oil sorbent as described herein, obtained from the aforementioned process of Marlene E. Conway et al, was used to test the recovery of oil from water.
  • a quantity of 10W40 motor oil was poured onto water in a shallow container.
  • the sample of oil sorbent was placed in the container and gently admixed with the oil and water.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un agent de sorption d'huile comprenant une matrice de fibres de polyoléfine non tissées et mélangées, un film de polyoléfine déchiqueté et des fibres de cellulose. Selon des modes préférés de réalisation, les fibres de cellulose sont des fibres de pâte de bois, les fibres de polyoléfine sont des fibres de polypropylène et le film de polyoléfine est un film de polyéthylène. L'invention décrit aussi un procédé de sorption d'huile consistant à mettre l'huile en contact avec un agent de sorption, ledit agent de sorption comprenant une matrice de fibres de polyoléfine non tissées et mélangées, un film de polyoléfine déchiqueté et des fibres de cellulose. L'agent de sorption d'huile est utile à la récupération d'huile, en particulier l'huile d'hydrocarbure, à partir d'huile répandue, en particulier de l'huile répandue dans l'eau.
PCT/CA1991/000392 1990-10-29 1991-10-29 Agent de sorption d'huile Ceased WO1992007918A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9306739A GB2265628B (en) 1990-10-29 1993-03-31 Oil sorbent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9023487.3 1990-10-29
GB909023487A GB9023487D0 (en) 1990-10-29 1990-10-29 Oil sorbent

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992007918A2 true WO1992007918A2 (fr) 1992-05-14
WO1992007918A3 WO1992007918A3 (fr) 1992-06-25

Family

ID=10684506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA1991/000392 Ceased WO1992007918A2 (fr) 1990-10-29 1991-10-29 Agent de sorption d'huile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8853891A (fr)
CA (1) CA2095151C (fr)
GB (2) GB9023487D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992007918A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2289688A (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-11-29 Fibertech Group Inc Absorbent articles for treating fluid organic waste
WO1997041188A1 (fr) * 1996-04-26 1997-11-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Granules fibreux absorbants
US6092302A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-07-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Absorbent fibrous granules
WO2005090665A1 (fr) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Saint Gobain Isover Materiau sorbant de liquide

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4519918A (en) * 1981-07-27 1985-05-28 Papyrus Kopparfors Ab Process for the absorption of organic liquids by use of a hydrophobic fibrous material
JPS58199041A (ja) * 1982-05-14 1983-11-19 Honshu Paper Co Ltd 廃油吸収マツト
JPS5982992A (ja) * 1982-11-02 1984-05-14 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol カポツク繊維を用いた油吸着用不織布
JPS59204680A (ja) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-20 Kuraray Co Ltd 保水材
JPH03258302A (ja) * 1990-03-06 1991-11-18 Unitika Ltd 水油吸着用袋状構造体

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2289688A (en) * 1994-05-27 1995-11-29 Fibertech Group Inc Absorbent articles for treating fluid organic waste
GB2289688B (en) * 1994-05-27 1998-11-11 Fibertech Group Inc Articles and methods for sorbing,filtering and disposing of fluid waste
WO1997041188A1 (fr) * 1996-04-26 1997-11-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Granules fibreux absorbants
US5763083A (en) * 1996-04-26 1998-06-09 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. Oil absorbent fibrous granules
US6092302A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-07-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Absorbent fibrous granules
WO2005090665A1 (fr) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Saint Gobain Isover Materiau sorbant de liquide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2095151A1 (fr) 1992-04-30
GB9023487D0 (en) 1990-12-12
GB2265628A (en) 1993-10-06
CA2095151C (fr) 1998-06-23
AU8853891A (en) 1992-05-26
GB2265628B (en) 1994-03-09
WO1992007918A3 (fr) 1992-06-25
GB9306739D0 (en) 1993-06-09

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