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WO1990010192A1 - Procede de mesure de tranchants - Google Patents

Procede de mesure de tranchants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990010192A1
WO1990010192A1 PCT/EP1990/000278 EP9000278W WO9010192A1 WO 1990010192 A1 WO1990010192 A1 WO 1990010192A1 EP 9000278 W EP9000278 W EP 9000278W WO 9010192 A1 WO9010192 A1 WO 9010192A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
milling tool
cutting edges
scanning device
optical scanning
detected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1990/000278
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Schulz
Andreas Mootz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1990010192A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990010192A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • B23Q17/248—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods
    • B23Q17/2485—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves using special electromagnetic means or methods using interruptions of light beams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/028—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring lateral position of a boundary of the object
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the contactless measurement of cutting edges on the circumference of a rotating milling tool, the cutting edges in each case in the measuring plane containing the milling tool axis being detected by the beam path of an optical scanning device consisting of a light source and a photodetector, the optical axis of which is perpendicular to the measuring plane and extends tangentially to the flight circle of the cutting edges, a coherent light beam generated by the light source falling on the active surface of the photodetector.
  • the measurement of the cutting edges of milling tools is used to determine the concentricity error and the flight circle diameter.
  • the runout of the cutting edges on milling tools is an important factor influencing both the manufacturing accuracy and the economy of the milling process.
  • the consequences of an impermissibly high concentricity error include reduced tool life due to vibrations and different cutting edge loads, an increased load on the machine, in particular its main spindle, dimensional deviations and a reduced surface quality of the workpiece.
  • Static runout errors of the cutting edges already occur with the slowly rotating or stationary milling tool and are caused by a cutting edge offset on the tool as a result of setting errors in adjustable tools or by manufacturing tolerances for monolithic tools and tools with soldered cutting edges.
  • Dynamic runout errors of the cutting edges only occur at higher speeds of the milling tool and are caused by a bending of the tool due to unbalance and the resulting unbalance forces, which are usually dependent on the rotational frequency. Centrifugal forces in the area of tool clamping, for example, can lead to rotational errors that are dependent on the rotational frequency due to the widening of collets.
  • the dynamic concentricity errors which depend on the rotational frequency of the milling spindle, are of particular importance for high-speed milling spindles, especially for high-speed milling, because the centrifugal forces that occur increase with the square of the rotational frequency. For a complete recording of the concentricity errors that are important for the work result, it is therefore necessary to measure the milling tools in the clamped state and at the operating rotational frequency.
  • This object is achieved in that the light beam is focused in the measuring plane and the light source is imaged on the active surface of the photodetector, that the milling tool and the optical scanning device are moved relative to one another during the measuring process, that this relative movement is detected by a position measuring system, and that the position of the displacement measuring system is detected in an evaluation device if the beam path of the optical scanning device is interrupted.
  • the cutting edge is not imaged on the active surface of the photodetector; rather, the light beam is focused in the measurement plane, ie the light source is imaged on the active surface of the photodetector.
  • the optical scanning device according to the invention is suitable for forming an optical probe of very small dimensions. This optical button, which is formed by the focused light beam, only serves to determine whether there is a cutting edge at the measuring point or not. As soon as a cutting edge focuses on the measuring plane If the beam path is interrupted, essentially the entire active area of the photodetector is darkened.
  • a largely binary output signal is generated by imaging the light source on the active surface of the photodetector. Since the light beam is focused in the measuring plane in the method according to the invention, the focal point lying in the measuring plane forms a measuring point of very small extent. Since the interruption of the beam path is detected precisely at this focal point, there are only the two states that the light beam is either interrupted or uninterrupted. Therefore, the measuring point forms a switching optical button of very small dimensions.
  • the output signal of a reflex sensor is used to determine the local maximum.
  • This reflex sensor is adjusted so that there is a time or angular offset between the output signal of the reflex sensor and that of the silhouette sensor.
  • the use of the known method is therefore for the measurement snow-milling cutter, especially for high-speed milling, not possible.
  • the measuring process is carried out by a position measuring system which detects the positions of this feed movement at specific times.
  • the measuring accuracy is therefore only determined by the accuracy of this position measuring system, which can be chosen to be very high, and does not depend on the rotational frequency of the milling tool.
  • the rotational frequency of the milling tool is detected by a rotational frequency transmitter and a rotational frequency signal is transmitted to the evaluation device, and that the number of interruptions in the beam path of the optical scanning device per revolution of the milling tool is determined in the evaluation device.
  • the optical scanning device and the milling tool are moved relative to one another over its diameter, that the positions of the position measuring system are detected when the beam path is interrupted for the first and last time, and that in the evaluation device the The distance between these two positions is determined as a measure of the flight circle diameter of the milling tool. .
  • Fig. 1 in a highly simplified representation, a device for non-contact measurement of cutting edges on the circumference of a rotating milling tool
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified overview of the signal processing in the device according to FIG. 1.
  • a milling tool 1 has a plurality of cutting edges 2 to be measured on its circumference.
  • the milling tool 1 is received on a milling spindle 3, which is mounted in a machine slide 4 and is driven at its operating rotational frequency.
  • the machine slide 4 can be moved in a feed direction indicated by an arrow 5. This feed movement is detected by a position measuring system 6.
  • An optical scanning device 7 which is constructed in the manner of a light barrier, consists of a light source 8 which emits coherent light.
  • the beam 9 emitted by the light source 8 falls parallel to an optical axis 10 of the scanning device 7 into a focusing lens 11 and is focused by the latter in a measuring plane 12 and produces an image of the light source 8 on the active surface of a photodetector 13.
  • the feed movement of the milling tool 1 takes place in the measuring plane 12, in which the milling cutter axis 14 of the milling tool 1 also lies.
  • the milling tool 1 is moved in the common normal direction of the milling tool axis 14 and the optical axis 10.
  • the relative movement of the milling tool 1 to the optical scanning device 7 takes place by the displacement of the tool carriage 4 in which the milling tool 1 is mounted.
  • the already existing feed drive of the machine slide 4 and its position measuring system are used.
  • a rotary frequency transmitter 15 connected to the milling spindle 3 supplies a rotary frequency signal to an evaluation device 16, to which the output signals of the photodetector 13 are also fed.
  • the path signals of the path measuring system 16 are also supplied to the evaluation device 16.
  • the output signals of the photodetector 13, which are only schematically shown in FIG. 2, are amplified in a transmitter 17 and converted into a binary signal 18 by means of a comparator circuit.
  • the state of this binary signal 18 (0 or 1) indicates whether the light beam in the optical scanning device 7 in the measuring plane 12 has been interrupted by a cutting edge 2 or not.
  • the rotary frequency transmitter 19 generates a binary signal 21 at a frequency which is equal to the rotary frequency of the milling tool 1 to be measured via a measuring transducer 20.
  • a pulse counter 22, to which the binary signal 18 is fed, is a binary counter with a number of digits of 8 bits.
  • the pulse counter 22 is rotating, i.e. after reaching the highest count of 25, the next pulse of signal 21 causes a transition to the value 0.
  • a holding register 23 is used to scan the counter reading of the pulse counter 22 synchronously with the rotational frequency of the milling tool 1.
  • the counter reading of the pulse counter 22 is for this purpose with the (arbitrarily determined) active edge of the signal 21 in the holding register 23 and held there until the next active edge of the signal 21.
  • a display unit 25 is connected to an output of the microcomputer 24 and serves to display the state of the signal 18, to output the determined number of cutting edges 2 engaging in the light beam and to signal system states (ready and error messages).
  • the measurement of the concentricity of the cutting edges 2 of the milling tool 1 takes place as follows. By moving the machine slide 4, the milling tool 1 to be measured, driven at its operating rotational frequency, and the optical scanning device 7 are positioned relative to one another such that the light beam emitted by the light source 8 reaches the photodetector 13 and is not interrupted by a cutting edge 2 of the milling tool 1. This is recognized by the downstream evaluation unit 16 and displayed.
  • the milling tool 1 and the optical scanning device 7 are moved towards one another until at least one cutting it 2 penetrates into the light beam and interrupts it periodically (due to the rotation of the milling tool 1). This leads to a periodic change in the output signal 18 of the photodetector 13.
  • the counter reading of the pulse counter 22 is transmitted to the microcomputer 24 in synchronism with the rotational frequency of the milling tool 1 via the holding register 23.
  • the microcomputer 24 calculates the difference to the previous counter reading and thus the number of interruptions of the light beam per revolution of the tool.
  • the determined value is displayed on the display device 25.
  • the displacement measuring system 6 delivers a first position in the position in which the beam path in the measuring plane 12 is interrupted for the first time by a cutting edge 2 during the feed movement.
  • a further feed movement then takes place until the indicated number of interruptions of the light beam per revolution of the milling tool is equal to the number of cutting edges 2 of the milling tool 1.
  • This second position is also detected by the measuring system 6.
  • the path difference between these two positions of the path measuring system 6 is calculated in the scanning device 16; this path difference corresponds to the difference between the largest and the smallest distance between the cutting edges 2 and the milling cutter axis 14 and thus represents the concentricity error of the milling tool 1.
  • the position in which the beam path of the optical path is interrupted for the first time is first determined in the manner already described in the path measuring system 6 Scanning device 7 is carried out by a cutting edge 2.
  • the machine carriage 4 is then moved in the feed direction 5 until the beam path of the optical scanning device 7 is no longer interrupted.
  • the position of the path measuring system 6 when the beam path occurs for the last time is detected.
  • the path difference of these two positions is calculated in the evaluation device 16; it corresponds to the flight circle diameter of the milling tool 1.
  • the determination of the rotational frequency of the milling tool 1 by the separate rotational frequency transmitter 15 can be omitted if the rotational frequency of the milling tool 1 is exactly detected by the control of the machine tool during the measurement and / or a signal corresponding to the signal 21 is available at another point in the control, that can be used accordingly.
  • the optical axis 10 of the optical scanning device 7 are perpendicular to one another. Deviations from this vertical arrangement create a systematic measurement error; however, this can be corrected by calculation so that such deviations can also be permitted. It is important, however, that the optical axis 10 of the optical scanning device 7 intersects the measuring plane 12 spanned by the cutter axis of rotation 3 and the adjusting axis determined by the feed movement 5 at the focal point of the beam path.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

Les tranchants (2) de la périphérie d'un outil de fraisage rotatif (1) sont mesurés sans contact. Les tranchants (2) interrompent chacun sur un plan de mesure (12) le trajet des rayons émis par un dispositif optique de balayage (7). L'outil de fraisage (1) et le dispositif optique de balayage (7) sont déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre. Les positions de cet avancement sont enregistrées par un système de mesure des déplacements (6). Les rayons de lumière cohérente générés par la source de lumière (8) du dispositif optique de balayage (7) sont focalisés sur le plan de mesure (12). Les positions déterminées par le système de mesure des déplacements (6) lorsque les tranchants (2) interrompent le trajet des rayons sont enregistrées par un dispositif d'évaluation (16).
PCT/EP1990/000278 1989-02-25 1990-02-20 Procede de mesure de tranchants Ceased WO1990010192A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893905949 DE3905949A1 (de) 1989-02-25 1989-02-25 Verfahren zum vermessen von schneidkanten
DEP3905949.9 1989-02-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990010192A1 true WO1990010192A1 (fr) 1990-09-07

Family

ID=6374958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1990/000278 Ceased WO1990010192A1 (fr) 1989-02-25 1990-02-20 Procede de mesure de tranchants

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3905949A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990010192A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2242019B (en) * 1990-02-05 1993-12-08 Dresser Ind Photoelectric mensuration device and method for determining PDC cutter wear
WO1994026466A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Sten Johan Hakansson Bjorsell Commande de la position et de la qualite d'un foret perçant a haute vitesse
WO1997031751A1 (fr) * 1996-02-29 1997-09-04 HüLLER HILLE GMBH Procede de correction de positionnement de pieces et d'outils dans des machines-outils
EP0834378A1 (fr) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-08 Fidia S.P.A. Equipement de mesure des dimensions d'outil d'une machine pour usinage mécanique

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DE19848079A1 (de) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-20 M & F Maschinen Und Fertigungs Vorrichtung zur Werkzeugvoreinstellung
US6496273B1 (en) 1999-05-05 2002-12-17 Renishaw Plc Position determining apparatus for coordinate positioning machine
DE19950331C2 (de) * 1999-10-19 2001-09-06 Blum Novotest Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen einer Schneidengeometrie eines drehantreibbaren Werkzeugs
US6635894B1 (en) 1999-11-22 2003-10-21 Renishaw Plc Optical measuring apparatus for measuring objects on machines
WO2003018251A1 (fr) * 2001-08-20 2003-03-06 Blum-Novotest Gmbh Procede et dispositif pour la determination de la position d'outils pouvant etre entraines en rotation
ATE426484T1 (de) 2004-09-08 2009-04-15 Renishaw Plc Erfassungsvorrichtung und -verfahren
DE102005043659B4 (de) 2005-09-13 2022-08-04 Blum-Novotest Gmbh Verfahren zur Kontrolle eines drehantreibbaren Werkzeugs
GB0625387D0 (en) 2006-12-21 2007-01-31 Renishaw Plc Object detector and method
DE102008055977A1 (de) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-12 Technische Universität Darmstadt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Verformung eines rotierenden spanenden Werkzeugs
CN102554708A (zh) * 2012-02-23 2012-07-11 孙秋云 带光学对刀的旋风铣削装置
WO2014028664A2 (fr) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Scie de préparation d'échantillons
CN106363462B (zh) * 2016-11-30 2018-08-21 广州稳仕自动控制科技有限公司 一种pcb成型机的铣刀检测器
DE102017005488A1 (de) * 2017-06-09 2018-12-13 Blum-Novotest Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Messen und Kontrollieren eines drehantreibbaren Werkzeugs in einer Werkzeugmaschine
EP3450909A1 (fr) 2017-09-05 2019-03-06 Renishaw PLC Appareil et procédé optiques de réglage d'outil sans contact
CN111571307B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2021-11-02 哈尔滨理工大学 一种用于刀具磨损在机检测装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2305711A1 (fr) * 1975-03-28 1976-10-22 Soro Electro Optics Dispositif optique de mesure de dimension
GB2124365A (en) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-15 Gen Electric Optical inspection system and method
JPS60115805A (ja) * 1983-11-29 1985-06-22 Anritsu Corp 形状または寸法を測定する装置

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3242532A1 (de) * 1981-11-20 1983-07-07 Diffracto Ltd., Windsor, Ontario Einrichtung zur automatischen und programmierten pruefung von teilen oder werkstuecken sowie elektrooptischer taster dafuer
DE3410149A1 (de) * 1984-03-20 1985-10-03 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Optisches messgeraet

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2305711A1 (fr) * 1975-03-28 1976-10-22 Soro Electro Optics Dispositif optique de mesure de dimension
GB2124365A (en) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-15 Gen Electric Optical inspection system and method
JPS60115805A (ja) * 1983-11-29 1985-06-22 Anritsu Corp 形状または寸法を測定する装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 9, Nr. 269 (P-400) (1992), 26. Oktober 1985; & JP-A-60115805 (Anritsu Denki K.K.) 22. Juni 1985 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2242019B (en) * 1990-02-05 1993-12-08 Dresser Ind Photoelectric mensuration device and method for determining PDC cutter wear
WO1994026466A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Sten Johan Hakansson Bjorsell Commande de la position et de la qualite d'un foret perçant a haute vitesse
WO1997031751A1 (fr) * 1996-02-29 1997-09-04 HüLLER HILLE GMBH Procede de correction de positionnement de pieces et d'outils dans des machines-outils
EP0834378A1 (fr) * 1996-10-02 1998-04-08 Fidia S.P.A. Equipement de mesure des dimensions d'outil d'une machine pour usinage mécanique
US5930143A (en) * 1996-10-02 1999-07-27 Fidia S.P.A. Equipment for measuring the dimensions of tools of machines for mechanical working

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3905949A1 (de) 1990-08-30

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