WO1988001310A2 - Bipolar plate-system for use in electrochemical cells - Google Patents
Bipolar plate-system for use in electrochemical cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1988001310A2 WO1988001310A2 PCT/EP1987/000489 EP8700489W WO8801310A2 WO 1988001310 A2 WO1988001310 A2 WO 1988001310A2 EP 8700489 W EP8700489 W EP 8700489W WO 8801310 A2 WO8801310 A2 WO 8801310A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- conducting
- bipolar plate
- abipolar
- bipolar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0256—Vias, i.e. connectors passing through the separator material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- Electrodes in particular a bipolar plate- electrode system for use in electrcchemical cells.
- Electr ochemical cells presently in use for indu strial purposes are mostly of the bipolar filter-press type. They comprise essentially a series of alternating electrodes and ion-permeable membranes forming relatively thin anode and cathode compartments. One such compartment is comprised between an ion-permeable membrane at one side and an impermeable mechanical separation plate at the other side.
- Working electrodes usually in the form of perforated metal plates, are kept in intimate contact with the ion-permeable membranes.
- the working electrodes at both sides of the impermeable separation plate are electrically connected with each other and with the separation plate, which in the usual electrochemical cells is a metallic plate. Hence they are at the same potential. With respect to the preceeding and the subsequent electrode pair, they are at a higher, respectively lower potential and consequently one acts as an anode, the other as a cathode.
- an electrcchemical cell of this type is that of a filter-press and in general it is referred to as a filter-press-type bipolar cell.
- a constant flow of electrolyte fluid can be maintained in the anode and cathode compartments.
- the reaction products formed therein can be constantly removed and transported to separate containers.
- the electrolyte is an aqueous metal hydroxide solution, while hydrogen is produced at the cathode and oxygen at the anode. Interm ix ture of both gases must be absolutely prevented in order to preserve their chemical purity but also to avoid the fbrmation of explosive oxygen-hydrogen mixtures.
- one unit of a filter-press type bipolar cell comprises the following elements:
- a semi-permeable separation wall acting as an ion-permeable membrane which will allow the passage of ions and hence secure electrical conductivity while preventing the passage of the formed reaction products or reagents, in particular gases.
- Materials currently used in semi-permeable separation walls comprise, for example, asbestos, inorganic materials such as oxides and hydroxides of various metals like Zircon iu m, Titanium, Antimony etc, organic wetting agents and organic polymers, nickel gauze, organic ion exchange polymers, etc.
- a working electrode which is kept in close contact with the ion- permeable separation wall.
- the working electrode consists of a perforated or porous plate, made of an electrically conducting material which may optionally be covered with an electrocatalyst.
- the electrode must be sufficiently inert under the often agressive conditions wherein the cell is used (high concentration of acids or bases, high temperatures etc.)
- the predominantly used material for working electrodes in basic solution is nickel or nickel coated plated iron, while in acid solution electrodes of lead or lead oxide are generally preferred.
- a mechanical separation plate which separates an anodic and a cathodic compartment and which allows the working electrodes to be at the same potential.
- This plate is usually referred to as a bipolar plate.
- the bipolar plates are made of metal. Electrical contact with the working electrodes is secured by inserting optionally flexible connecting elements between the bipolar plate and the working electrode. For optimal electrical contact, it is desirable to have the connecting elements, e.g. metal rods, fused or spotwelded on the bipolar plate and the working electrode.
- the bipolar plate itself is pressed to take a tri-dimentional form with cams or points protuberating towards the working electrode at both sides of the bipolar plate.
- an electrolytic filter-press cell for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride solution wherein the metal anode and cathode of adjacent cells are in direct electrical coimection with each other and said anode and cathode are maintained in spaced relationship by an electrically inert cell wall or barrier between them.
- the electrically inactive cell wall or barrier is made of a thermoplastic material, in particular a polyolefine.
- the metal rod connectors provided with a valve metal circumforential restraining flange, positioned substantially equidistant from each end of the said rod. The latter aspect renders the production of such cells both technically complicated and expensive.
- the mechanical separation wall is made of mechanically and chemically stable thermosetting polymer containing a set of electrically connecting elements extending to both sides of the plate and establishing adequate contact with the adjacent working electrodes.
- the outer region of the bipolar plate is shaped such as to form at the same time a packing element, containing appropriate openings for the in and outlet system.
- thermosetting materials are phenol-formaldehyde resins, aminoplasts like urea-formaldehyde and melan ine-formaldehyde resins, tridimensional polyesters including alkyd resins and unsaturated polyesters, and epoxy resins.
- epoxy resins are particularly preferred.
- excellent results have been obtained with epoxy resins made available by Emerson and Cumings under the tradename STYCAST 2651 MM using catalyst 9 orll.
- the therm osetting materials can be incorporated into the bipolar plate under the molding process or they may be inserted afterwards in holes spared or cut out in the pre-molded plate.
- the connecting elements are incorporated into the plate during the molding process since this is the easiest and most effective way of securing a tight closure around the connecting elements.
- thermosetting materials exert a much more efficient and irreversible closure around the electrically connecting elements, thus securing the absence of any undesirable leaks whithout a need for special measures. Consequently, the material lends itself especially for the construction of cost-efficient electrolytic cells.
- the connecting elements may take any form which allows a suitable electrical connection between the working electrodes while leaving sufficient space for the flow of electrolyte through the electrode compartments.
- the connecting elements consist of cylindrical or other prismatically shaped rods extending through the separation plate. If desired this profile may be somewhat modified, eg, to increase the surface area which is in contact with the working electrodes or to prevent sliding of the rods in the mass of the separation plate.
- the connecting elements maybe constituted of one single piece and, optionally, more than one or even all of the connecting elements of a particular separation plate may be unified in a particular tridirnensional stnicture which lends itself to incoiporation into the polymeric mass of the separation plate.
- a particular connecting element may be composed of more than one piece, joined together by conventional means, e,g, by screwing, clamping, rivetting etc.
- the connecting elements maybe substantially inflexible (eg, in the case of rods) or they may have a more flexible structure in order to adapt themselves better to small structural variations which might otherwise give rise to a less than optimal contact between adjacent elements of an electrochemical cell. Such may be achieved, for example, by using bent connecting elements made of flexible metal, eg. strings or angular elements or by making at least part of the connecting element of a relatively soft deformable metallic material.
- the peripheral region of the separation plate is made thicker than the central area, making it essentially equiplanar with the surfece of the working electrodes.
- the separation plate With the right shape and size and compressibility of the separation plate it is possible to use minimal or even no packing material or frame to secure tight contact between the central and peripheral region of the bipolar electrode and the ion-permeable membrane.
- the central and peripheral regions of bipolar plates and ion-permeable membranes fit onto each other in such manner that no additional packing material is required to produce a leakage-proof electrochemical cell.
- the central and peripheral region of a bipolar plate can be made of different materials. For example, it maybe advantageous to use a more rigid material for the central region and a more flexible material for the peripheral ring. Preferably, both are made of the same structural material.
- FIG. 1 A schematic representation of a bipolar plate electrode system according to the invention will be found in Figures I (frontview) and II (section) wherein 1 is a bipolar plate, made of a thermosetting resin, 2 are electricadly conducting studs (rods) extending through the bipolar plate and kept in contact with the perforated electrodes 3; the element 4 is the peripheral structural ring containing sparings 5 and 6 for the in- and outlet system.
- the bipolar plates according to the invention can be used in electrochemical cells for use in various applications e.g. electrolytic cells and fhel cells or batteries.
- electrolytic cells are cells for the production of chlorine and particularly water electrolysis cells where hydrogen is formed in the cathodic and oxygen in the anodic compartments.
- the Figures attached to this description are meant to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention.
- PCT/EP87/00489 81) Designated States: AT (European patent), BE (E pean patent), BR, CH (European patent), DE (E
- Priority Country GB Before the expiration of the time limit for amendin claims and to be republished in the event of the recei amendments.
- Agent VAN REET, Staf; Populierenlaan 14, B-2460 Kasterlee (BE).
- a bipolar plate system for use in an electrochemical cell which comprises a non-conducting mechanical separat wall and extending therethrough electrically conducting elements connecting the working electrodes at both sides of plate wherein said non-conducting plate is made of a thermosetting polymeric material.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Abstract
A bipolar plate system for use in an electrochemical cell which comprises a non-conducting mechanical separation wall and extending therethrough electrically conducting elements connecting the working electrodes at both sides of the plate wherein said non-conducting plate is made of a thermosetting polymeric material.
Description
BIPOLAR PLATE-SYSTEM FOR USE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
This invention is concerned with electrodes, in particular a bipolar plate- electrode system for use in electrcchemical cells. Electr ochemical cells presently in use for indu strial purposes are mostly of the bipolar filter-press type. They comprise essentially a series of alternating electrodes and ion-permeable membranes forming relatively thin anode and cathode compartments. One such compartment is comprised between an ion-permeable membrane at one side and an impermeable mechanical separation plate at the other side. Working electrodes, usually in the form of perforated metal plates, are kept in intimate contact with the ion-permeable membranes. The working electrodes at both sides of the impermeable separation plate are electrically connected with each other and with the separation plate, which in the usual electrochemical cells is a metallic plate. Hence they are at the same potential. With respect to the preceeding and the subsequent electrode pair, they are at a higher, respectively lower potential and consequently one acts as an anode, the other as a cathode.
The overall construction of an electrcchemical cell of this type is that of a filter-press and in general it is referred to as a filter-press-type bipolar cell. By means of an appropriate system of inlets and outlets, a constant flow of electrolyte fluid can be maintained in the anode and cathode compartments. The reaction products formed therein can be constantly
removed and transported to separate containers. In the case of water electrolysis, the electrolyte is an aqueous metal hydroxide solution, while hydrogen is produced at the cathode and oxygen at the anode. Interm ix ture of both gases must be absolutely prevented in order to preserve their chemical purity but also to avoid the fbrmation of explosive oxygen-hydrogen mixtures.
In a usual construction, one unit of a filter-press type bipolar cell comprises the following elements:
A semi-permeable separation wall, acting as an ion-permeable membrane which will allow the passage of ions and hence secure electrical conductivity while preventing the passage of the formed reaction products or reagents, in particular gases.
Materials currently used in semi-permeable separation walls comprise, for example, asbestos, inorganic materials such as oxides and hydroxides of various metals like Zircon iu m, Titanium, Antimony etc, organic wetting agents and organic polymers, nickel gauze, organic ion exchange polymers, etc.
b. A working electrode which is kept in close contact with the ion- permeable separation wall. Usually the working electrode consists of a perforated or porous plate, made of an electrically conducting material which may optionally be covered with an electrocatalyst.
The electrode must be sufficiently inert under the often agressive conditions wherein the cell is used (high concentration of acids or bases, high temperatures etc.) The predominantly used material for working electrodes in basic solution is nickel or nickel coated plated iron, while in acid solution electrodes of lead or lead oxide are generally preferred.
c. A mechanical separation plate which separates an anodic and a cathodic compartment and which allows the working electrodes to be at the same potential. This plate is usually referred to as a bipolar plate.
In most of the filter-press electrochemical cells presently in use, the bipolar plates are made of metal. Electrical contact with the working electrodes is secured by inserting optionally flexible connecting elements between the bipolar plate and the working electrode. For optimal electrical contact, it is desirable to have the connecting elements, e.g. metal rods, fused or spotwelded on the bipolar plate and the working electrode. In a different set-up, the bipolar plate itself is pressed to take a tri-dimentional form with cams or points protuberating towards the working electrode at both sides of the bipolar plate.
In U.S. Patent Specification No. 3,849,279 there is described an electrolytic filter-press cell for the production of chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride solution wherein the metal anode and cathode of adjacent cells are in direct electrical coimection with each other and said anode and cathode are maintained in spaced relationship by an electrically inert cell wall or barrier between them. According to the disclosure, the electrically inactive cell wall or barrier is made of a thermoplastic material, in particular a polyolefine. In order to prevent electrolyte and gas flow thrαigh the barrier, the metal rod connectors provided with a valve metal circumforential restraining flange, positioned substantially equidistant from each end of the said rod. The latter aspect renders the production of such cells both technically complicated and expensive.
In German Offonlegungsschrift No. 2600345, there are disclosed filter-press type electrolytic cells wherein the separation walls between two units consist of an electrically insulating material which is further specified as being eg. a plastic or asbestos cement. In practice, plastics turn out to possess insufficient strength, particularly at elevated temperatures while asbestos cement is chemically not sufficiently stable.
d. Periferal structural and packing material containing openings which provide an in- and outlet system whereby, in the case of electrolytic
cells, fresh electrolyte can be pumped in constantly and a mixture of anodic respectively cathodic reaction products (gases) with electrolyte flows out into separate collectors.
Till now, none of the known constructions of bipolar plates are completely satisfactory. Major shortcomings hacve in general to do with their complex construction, the excessive use of expensive materials, insufficient m e chanical strength or sealing capacity, and/or difficult assembly and disassembly of the cells.
By the present invention there is provided a particular construction of a bipolar plate for use in an electrochemical cell which is very simple in construction, inexpensive, efficient in operation and which has excellent mechanical strength and seeling capacity. Essentially the invention consists herein that, the mechanical separation wall is made of mechanically and chemically stable thermosetting polymer containing a set of electrically connecting elements extending to both sides of the plate and establishing adequate contact with the adjacent working electrodes.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer region of the bipolar plate is shaped such as to form at the same time a packing element, containing appropriate openings for the in and outlet system.
As a th erm osettin g polymeric material to produce the mass of the bipolar plate, there 25 can be used any type of th ermosetting polymeric material which has sufficient mechanical strength and is sufficiently chemically inert under the conditions of operating the cell, and which in the unpolymerised form has approprite flowability to adequately seal around the electrically connecting elements. Examples of such thermosetting materials are phenol-formaldehyde resins, aminoplasts like urea-formaldehyde and melan ine-formaldehyde resins, tridimensional polyesters including alkyd resins and unsaturated polyesters, and epoxy resins.
Amongst the foregoing, epoxy resins are particularly preferred. For example, excellent results have been obtained with epoxy resins made
available by Emerson and Cumings under the tradename STYCAST 2651 MM using catalyst 9 orll.
In principle the therm osetting materials can be incorporated into the bipolar plate under the molding process or they may be inserted afterwards in holes spared or cut out in the pre-molded plate. Preferably the connecting elements are incorporated into the plate during the molding process since this is the easiest and most effective way of securing a tight closure around the connecting elements.
It has indeed been found that, unlike with other construction elements such as thermoplastic materials, thermosetting materials exert a much more efficient and irreversible closure around the electrically connecting elements, thus securing the absence of any undesirable leaks whithout a need for special measures. Consequently, the material lends itself especially for the construction of cost-efficient electrolytic cells.
The connecting elements may take any form which allows a suitable electrical connection between the working electrodes while leaving sufficient space for the flow of electrolyte through the electrode compartments. In a simple and convenient embodiment, the connecting elements consist of cylindrical or other prismatically shaped rods extending through the separation plate. If desired this profile may be somewhat modified, eg, to increase the surface area which is in contact with the working electrodes or to prevent sliding of the rods in the mass of the separation plate.
The connecting elements maybe constituted of one single piece and, optionally, more than one or even all of the connecting elements of a particular separation plate may be unified in a particular tridirnensional stnicture which lends itself to incoiporation into the polymeric mass of the separation plate. Alternatively, a particular connecting element may be composed of more than one piece, joined together by conventional means, e,g, by screwing, clamping, rivetting etc.
The connecting elements maybe substantially inflexible (eg, in the case of rods) or they may have a more flexible structure in order to adapt themselves better to small structural variations which might otherwise give rise to a less than optimal contact between adjacent elements of an electrochemical cell. Such may be achieved, for example, by using bent connecting elements made of flexible metal, eg. strings or angular elements or by making at least part of the connecting element of a relatively soft deformable metallic material.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the peripheral region of the separation plate is made thicker than the central area, making it essentially equiplanar with the surfece of the working electrodes. With the right shape and size and compressibility of the separation plate it is possible to use minimal or even no packing material or frame to secure tight contact between the central and peripheral region of the bipolar electrode and the ion-permeable membrane. However, in order to improve contact between the peripheral region of the bipolar plate and the ion-permeable membrane it maybe useful to hold the membrane in a somewhat thicker ring of a suitable material which combines adequate xnechanical strength and rigidity with appropriate packing properties.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the central and peripheral regions of bipolar plates and ion-permeable membranes fit onto each other in such manner that no additional packing material is required to produce a leakage-proof electrochemical cell. In principle the central and peripheral region of a bipolar plate can be made of different materials. For example, it maybe advantageous to use a more rigid material for the central region and a more flexible material for the peripheral ring. Preferably, both are made of the same structural material.
In order to enable a constant flow of electrolyte into the individual electrolytical cell compartments and separate outlets for anolyte and cathotyte, the peripheral parts of the bipolar plates and membranes must be foreseen with appropriately positioned openings which, taken together form an inlet and outlet system.
A schematic representation of a bipolar plate electrode system according to the invention will be found in Figures I (frontview) and II (section) wherein 1 is a bipolar plate, made of a thermosetting resin, 2 are electricadly conducting studs (rods) extending through the bipolar plate and kept in contact with the perforated electrodes 3; the element 4 is the peripheral structural ring containing sparings 5 and 6 for the in- and outlet system.
The bipolar plates according to the invention can be used in electrochemical cells for use in various applications e.g. electrolytic cells and fhel cells or batteries. Examples of electrolytic cells are cells for the production of chlorine and particularly water electrolysis cells where hydrogen is formed in the cathodic and oxygen in the anodic compartments. The Figures attached to this description are meant to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention.
INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)
(51) International Patent Classification 4 ; (11) International Publication Number: WO 88/ 01 C25B 9/04, H01M 8/02 A3 (43) International Publication Date: 25 February 1988 (25.0
(21) International Application Number : PCT/EP87/00489 (81) Designated States: AT (European patent), BE (E pean patent), BR, CH (European patent), DE (E
(22) International Filing Date: 21 August 1987 (21.08.87) pean patent), FR (European patent), GB (Euro patent), IT (European patent), JP, NL (European tent), NO, SE (European patent), US.
(31) Priority Application Number: 8620341
(32) Priority Date: 21 August 1986 (21.08.86) Published
With international search report.
(33) Priority Country : GB Before the expiration of the time limit for amendin claims and to be republished in the event of the recei amendments.
(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): HY¬
DROGEN SYSTEMS N.V. [BE/BE]; Koolmijnlaan 201, B-3560 Beringen (BE). (88) Date of publication of the international search report:
28 July 1988 (28.0
(72) Inventor; and
(75) Inventor/Applicant (for US only) : VANDENBORRE, Jan-Baptist, Hugo [BE/BE]; Grootreesdijk 61, B-2460 Kasterlee (BE).
(74) Agent: VAN REET, Staf; Populierenlaan 14, B-2460 Kasterlee (BE).
(54) Title: BIPOLAR PLATE-SYSTEM FOR USE IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
(57) Abstract
A bipolar plate system for use in an electrochemical cell which comprises a non-conducting mechanical separat wall and extending therethrough electrically conducting elements connecting the working electrodes at both sides of plate wherein said non-conducting plate is made of a thermosetting polymeric material.
FOR THE PURPOSES OF INFORMATION ONLY
Codes used to identify States partyto the PCT on the frontpages ofpamphlets publishing international applications under the PCT.
AT Austria FR France ML Mali
AU Australia GA Gabon MR Mauritania
BB Barbados GB United Kingdom MW Malawi
BE Belgium HU Hungary NL Netherlands
BG Bulgaria IT Italy NO Norway
B Benin JP Japan RO Romania
BR Brazil KP Democratic People's Republic SD Sudan
CF Central African Republic ofKorea SE Sweden
CG Congo KR Republic ofKorea SN Senegal
CH Switzerland LI Liechtenstein SU Soviet Union
CM Cameroon LK Sri Lanka TD Chad
DE Germany, Federal Republic of LU Luxembourg TG Togo
DK Denmark MC Monaco US United States of America
II Finland MG Madagascar
Claims
1 1. Abipolar plate for use in an electrochemical cell comprising a
2 non-conducting separation plate and extending therethrough conducting
3 elements making el ectrical contact with the working electrodes at both
4 sides of the supporting plate, characterized in that the said
5 non-conducting separation plate is made of a thermosetting polymeric
6 material. 7
8 2. A bipolar plate according to claim 1 wherein the said non-conducting
9 separation plate is made of an epoxy resin.
10
11 3. Abipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 and 2 wherein the said
12 connecting elements are essentially prismatic metallic rods. 13
14 4. Abipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 and 2 wherein the said
15 connecting elements are flexible metallic elements. 16
17 5. Abipolar plate according to any on e of claims 1 to 4 for use in a the
18 hydrolysis of water. 19
20 6. Abipolar plate acording to any one of claims 1 to 4 for use in the
21 production of chlorine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8620341 | 1986-08-21 | ||
| GB868620341A GB8620341D0 (en) | 1986-08-21 | 1986-08-21 | Bipolar plate-system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1988001310A2 true WO1988001310A2 (en) | 1988-02-25 |
| WO1988001310A3 WO1988001310A3 (en) | 1988-07-28 |
Family
ID=10603036
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1987/000489 Ceased WO1988001310A2 (en) | 1986-08-21 | 1987-08-21 | Bipolar plate-system for use in electrochemical cells |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB8620341D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988001310A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000002270A3 (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-04-13 | British Gas Plc | A printed circuit board separator for an electrochemical fuel cell |
| WO2000060686A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-12 | Sorapec | Bipolar collector characterised by discrete collecting of charges |
| EP1019974A4 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 2004-04-14 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd | Electrical conductivity in a fuel cell assembly |
| WO2002027815A3 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2004-12-02 | Reliant Engergy Power Systems | Polarized gas separator and liquid coalescer for fuel cell stack assemblies |
| WO2005056880A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-23 | David Systems & Technology, S.L. | Bipolar plate and production method thereof |
| WO2009015712A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Daimler Ag | Bipolar plate for a fuel cell, in particular for arrangement between two adjacent membrane electrode arrangements in a fuel cell stack |
| WO2014074107A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Electrochemical device and method for controlling corrosion |
| NL2030134B1 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-27 | Prodrive Tech Innovation Services B V | Bipolar plate for an electrolytic stack |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE563393C (en) * | 1929-02-05 | 1932-11-04 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Electrolytic cell |
| US4115236A (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1978-09-19 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Cell connector for bipolar electrolyzer |
| GB8530893D0 (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1986-01-29 | Ici Plc | Electrode |
| US4670123A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
-
1986
- 1986-08-21 GB GB868620341A patent/GB8620341D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-08-21 WO PCT/EP1987/000489 patent/WO1988001310A2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1019974A4 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 2004-04-14 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd | Electrical conductivity in a fuel cell assembly |
| WO2000002270A3 (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-04-13 | British Gas Plc | A printed circuit board separator for an electrochemical fuel cell |
| US6541147B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 | 2003-04-01 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Printed circuit board separator for an electrochemical fuel cell |
| WO2000060686A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-12 | Sorapec | Bipolar collector characterised by discrete collecting of charges |
| FR2792114A1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-13 | Sorapec | IMPROVEMENT FOR BIPOLAR COLLECTORS CHARACTERIZED BY A DISCRETE COLLECTION OF LOADS |
| WO2002027815A3 (en) * | 2000-09-26 | 2004-12-02 | Reliant Engergy Power Systems | Polarized gas separator and liquid coalescer for fuel cell stack assemblies |
| WO2005056880A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-06-23 | David Systems & Technology, S.L. | Bipolar plate and production method thereof |
| WO2009015712A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-05 | Daimler Ag | Bipolar plate for a fuel cell, in particular for arrangement between two adjacent membrane electrode arrangements in a fuel cell stack |
| WO2014074107A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Electrochemical device and method for controlling corrosion |
| CN104769748A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2015-07-08 | 联合工艺公司 | Electrochemical device and method for controlling corrosion |
| US10177389B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2019-01-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Electrochemical device and method for controlling corrosion |
| NL2030134B1 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-27 | Prodrive Tech Innovation Services B V | Bipolar plate for an electrolytic stack |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8620341D0 (en) | 1986-10-01 |
| WO1988001310A3 (en) | 1988-07-28 |
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