WO1982003443A1

WO1982003443A1 - Incinerator/heater

Info

Publication number: WO1982003443A1
Application number: PCT/GB1981/000244
Authority: WO
Inventors: Geoffrey Parkin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1981-04-02
Filing date: 1981-11-16
Publication date: 1982-10-14
Anticipated expiration: 1983-10-02
Also published as: EP0075557A1

Abstract

Dans une chambre (7) des produits combustibles peuvent etre brules a l'air et on fait passer un courant d'air sur la surface chauffee par la combustion puis on transfere l'air ainsi chauffe vers l'espace a chauffer. Des moyens sont prevus pour bruler la fumee produite par la combustion du combustible solide en utilisant un adaptateur de brulage de fumee (9) et des chicanes de direction de fumee (24), ce qui permet d'obtenir une meilleure sortie et une emission propre de la cheminee. L'air de chauffage est propulse en travers des surfaces chauffees a l'aide d'un ventilateur (12). Le combustible solide est introduit dans la chambre par une porte de chargement (34, 35) dans la partie frontale (11). Les gaz d'emission sont liberes apres utilisation de la chaleur au travers d'une sortie de gaz de fumee (18) dans la partie arriere (13). Le systeme peut etre utilise pour chauffer soit de l'air, soit de l'eau soit de la vapeur.In a chamber (7) combustible products can be burnt in air and an air current is passed over the surface heated by combustion and then the air thus heated is transferred to the space to be heated. Means are provided for burning the smoke produced by the combustion of solid fuel using a smoke burning adapter (9) and smoke direction baffles (24), which allows better output and clean emission of the fireplace. The heating air is propelled through the heated surfaces using a fan (12). The solid fuel is introduced into the chamber through a loading door (34, 35) in the front part (11). The emission gases are released after use of heat through a smoke gas outlet (18) in the rear part (13). The system can be used to heat either air, water or steam.

Description

The Invention Relates to an Incinerator/Heater

Whereas it has been known hitherto to heat a stream of air so that the hot air may be used for heating an enclosed or open space by burning fluid fuel in the air stream, this form of space heating suffers from the disadvantage that the products of combustion also enter the space with the possible disadvantage of fire hazard, poisoning of any occupants of the space, or of smoke nuicance, and it is the object of the invention to eliminate above mentioned disadvantages.

According to one aspect of the invention there is provided means for space heating comprising a chamber within which combustable materials may be burned in air, the chamber having at least one air inlet and an outlet for the products of combustion, and means whereby air may be brought into thermal contact with the outside of the chamber to be heated thereby and removed therefrom in a stream. Preferably the said means comprises a jacket substantially enclosing the chamber and being provided with an air inlet means an air outlet means a$d a blower means.

According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of space heating comprising burning solid fuel in air in a combustion chamber and removing the products of combustion passing a stream of air over the surface of the chamber for heating by the combustion occuring therein and transferring the thus heated air or water to the space required for heating. Preferably the solid fuel comprises waste material such as wood shavings, cardboard or paper, and coal.

A further aspect of the invention is the flue outlet which utilises heat which is normally lost on a direct flue outlet by continuing to heat surfaces after it has left the actual fire chamber. This also applies to positioning an after burner which may be fitted for burning smoke on initial lighting.

The units can be made on cylindrical or rectangular lines to give heat by hot air, hot water, steam, or for cooking, in various sizes and measurements. Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings of which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the longitudinal axis. Fig. 3 is a front view.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view.

Fig. 5 is a front view.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the optional oven section.

Figures 1 to 3 relate to industrial or heavy domestic use. Figures 4 to 6 relate to light or medium domestic use.

As shown in figure 1 the incinerator heater comprises a combustion chamber (7) surrounded by an air jacket made up by plates ( 11, 13, 31) or water jacket (27). Water inlets and outlets are located on the rear and top respectively as required.

The combustion chamber (7) can comprise of either a cylinder as in fig.1 or on rectangular lines as in fig.4, having a door (34) hinged to front plate (11) with optional secondaiy loading door (35) hinged to main door (34).

The front plate (11) also forms, with the rear plate (13) base plate (10) and side plates (31), a jacket whereby air may be entrained around the outer surface of the combustion chamber (7) or alternatively may be used as a cover round water jacket (27).

Solid fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber (7) in use of the aparatus through door (34) or (35) and burned therein in air which is introduced through port (36) or alternatively through port (38) by fan assistance. Fan assisted air intake is controlled by thermostat (39). Products of combustion including flame and smoke first travel through smoke burning adaptor (9 ) which emits flame at rear. This flame in turn helps to burn smoke directed into its path by baffles (24). Waste gasses then pass through emission escape chamber over heating surfaces (21) and escape through chimney (18).

On initial lighting smoke emission can be reduced by an after burner connected at (22) which in turn continues to heat surfaces ( 21 ). The function of the after burner can be inspected through inspection glass (23). Particles of grit can be collected by water trap (19) which is fed from tank (17) the level being controlled by ball cock valve (16). Any collection of grit can be cleaned through clean out arpertures sealed by removable plates (15). Air for heating as opposed to air for combustion is drawn into the air jacket through inlet (12) by means of a fan and is driven out through outlet (28). Whilst the air is entrained in the space between the jacket and the combustion chamber and heating surfaces ( 21 ) it is heated by conduction over the wall of the combustion chamber (7) and heating surfaces (21) without being contaminated by products of combustion.

On rectangular light domestic water boilers, water inlets and outlets are connected to plates (3l) as required. A boiling plate .(40) may be added, heat travelling through (41 ) controlled by flap (51) to oven (fig. 6) round oven compartment (43) encased by (44) and and returning through outlet (42) into emission escape chamber and continuing to heat surfaces (21). The oven is closed by door (45) which has inset support (46) when lowered. Under the oven is a warming space (47). Inside the oven is an air expansion outlet (52). The oven unit (fig. 6) may be bolted onto the boiler unit (fig. 4). The oven unit can be released by removing screws (52) for cleaning purposes. Ash in the combustion chamber can be shaken through grates (8) by lever (50) which is connected to grate support by pivot(49). The ash then drops into ash pan (14) . The emission chamber may be cleaned out by releasing winged nuts (39) thus releasing flaps (38). Flue outlet (18) is cleaned through removable cover (15).

DIAGRAMS

Figure 1 is a perspective view. Figure 2 is a vertical section through the longitudinal axis.

Figure 3 is a front view.

These drawings relate to industrial or heavy domestic use

Figure 4 is a perspective view.

Figure 5 is a front view. Figure 6 is a perspective view of the optional oven section.

These drawings relate to light or medium domestic use. FIG 7 - Smoke burning tube

FIG 8 - Sectional cast iron grate incorporating smoke burning tube.

Interpretation

7. combustion chamber

8. grates

9. smoke burning adaptor

10. base plate

11. front plate

12. air inlet duct and fan housing

13. rear plate

14. ash pan 15. removable plates for clean out and inspection

16. ball cock water valve

17. water tank

18. flue outlet

19. water bed

20. rear plate of combustion chamber

21. area for heat exchange

22. arperture for after burner

23. arperture for inspection glass

24. smoke baffle plates

25. air flow baffle plates

26. fire box back plate

27. water jacket

28. hot air outlet

29. top plate

30. strengthening tubes

31 . side plate

32. coil thermostat

33. door hinges

34. primary loading door

35. secondary loading door

36. air intake flap

37. door securing bracket

38. mounting for air intake fan

39. fan control thermostat

40. hot plate

41 . outlet to oven section

42. return from oven section 43 . oven inner casing

44. outer casing

45. oven door

46. oven door stabilising section Interpretation cont..

47. warming conpartment

48. anti expansion plates

49. grate support on pivot

50. lever for rocking grates

51. oven control flap

Claims

CIAIMS

1. By burning any type of combustable material, and burning all exhaust gasses produced thereby, in air and transferring the heat produced accross metal surfaces, a volume of air forced accross the metal surfaces whilst kept seperate from the combustion chamber and entrained between the combustion chamber and an outer metal casing may be heated to a pre selected temperature, using an air thermostat to control the flow of air, and used for space heating purposes without any pollution or noxious gasses producrd by the combustion process entering the stream of heated air.

2. As described in claim 1; all exhaust gasses from the normal combustion of solid fuels, usually emitted as smoke, are burned away by virtue of the unique design of the smoke burning adaptor and smoke directing baffles. Products of combustion including flame and smoke first travel through the smoke burning adaptor which emits flame at the rear. This flame in turn helps to burn smoke directed into its path by the smoke directing baffles situated at the rear of the chamber. The smoke burning adaptor may be moulded into the sectional grates in units where grates are used.

3. As described in claim 1; the removable sectional grates and under draught bottom burning principle allow for the burning of most combustable materials, including domestic and industrial waste, whether they are burned alone or in conjunction with other materials.