USRE6206E - Improvement in base-burning stoves - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

J. SPEAR. Bas a-Burning Stoves. NO, 6,206. ReissuedJan.5,-I8 75.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES SPEAR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNING STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 100,335, dated March 1, 1870; reissue No. 5,459, dated June 17, 1873; reissue No. 6,206, dated January 5, 1875; application filed December 3, 1874.

DIVISION A.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES SPEAK, of 1016 Market street, Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Stoves and Heaters, of which the following is a "specification:

'My invention relates to that class of stoves known as base-burners, and the particular features of my invention relate principally to the construction, combination, and working of the grate-surface or fire-bed in relation to the slate and clinker discharge end of the firechamber and the air-chamber inclosing them, to efl'eet the discharge of slate and clinkers into the ash-pit of the stove,gthrough an an-- nular epening formed between the outer periphery of thegrate-surface and the slate and clinker discharge end of the fire-chamber, by means of a poker inserted through clinkercleaning openings in the wall of the stove, and thereby to maintain a grate-surface free from draft-'obstructhi g materials.

The nature of my invention I will first brieflYYdescribe.

Thegratc-surfaee I make with a vibrating and dumping grate, which will turn or dump inside of the clinker-discharge end of the firechamber, and surround it with a ring. This ring, which is best known to the trade as a grate-rest or grate-bed,,when placed in contact with the bottom of the fire-pot, I support below the slate and clinker discharge end of the fire-chamber a distance sufficient to form a vertical clinker-cleaning opening forthe removal ot' slate and clinkers outwardly over the surface of the ring, and also between the periphery of the ring and wall of the stove into the ashpit beneath. The ring in this position forms part of the grate-surface or fire-bed, and, by

projecting its outer edge beyond the insidediameter of theelinker-discharge end of the fire-chamber, the coals and cinders are prevented from ialllngout too easily when the fire is kindled. Either the grate orring can be shaken, separately or together, to free the surface from dust or ashes. Mica lights in doors are placed around the clinker-cleaning opening above the ring, and there is also a clin ker-cleanin g door in" front.

In the arrangement 'of the opening for'the removal of slate and clinkers from the grate surface I aft'ord better access thereto by suspending the lower section of the fire-chamber, so that its clinker-discharge end is on a line or plane below the top of the air-chamber immediately surrounding it. I also make the lower portion of the fire-chamber open or illu-' minating, and place mica windows indoors opposite the illuminating portion of it, above the clinker-cleaning doors, by which improvements the state of the fire at the discharge end .of the fire-chamber is always visible, the amount of draft-obstructing material on the firebed can be easily detected, and any part of the grate-surface readily freed from draft- .obstructing material;

To this end my invention consists in the combination of a grate-ring, forming a part of the grate-surface or tire-bed, and an interven ing vertical clinkercleaning opening between the ring and fire-chamber; also, in the combination of a grate-ring so arranged and a vibrating or dumping grate inside; also, in supporting the said grate-ring, arranged as described, from the wall of the stove; also, in the combination of a grate-surface or fire-bed capable of a horizontally-vibrating motion, and of larger diameter than the inside of the slate and clinker discharge end of the firechamber, or receptacle to contain the ignited fuel and refuse therefrom, and a clinkenclean:

ing opening between the grate-surface and' the said discharge end; also, in making the lower section of the fire-chamber illuminating, and its discharge end projecting downward within the air-chamber, in combination with a clinker-cleaning opening above a broad projecting grate-surface or fire-bed also, in the combination of the clinker-cleaning opening and mica lights in doors,.or mica lights and separate clinker-cleaning doors around the opening; also, the combination of doors around the clinker-cleanin g opening and mica lights above the doors and around the illuminating section of the fire-chamber; also, in combining a fire-chamber projected downward, and narrowed or contracted at its clinkerdischarge end, a grate-ring, and a clinkercleaning opening above the ring; the said ar-' rangement and combination of parts affording greater facilityfor kindling the fire,'regulating the state of the fire, and freeing the gra te surface or fire-bed from obstructions'than any heretofore devised. v

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is an elevation of the outside body. Fig.- 2 is a section through the stove on a line with the lugs k. Fig. 3 is a plan of the gratesurface, showing also the space between the periphery and the wall of the stove. Fig.4 is I a transverse section through the .grate, show- 7 ing a raised center. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation through the stove tween the lugs 10.

A is the outside body or casin g of the stove.

on the line X Y be- This easing or wall of the stove joins the firechamber at the point g on a line. above they discharge end of the firechamber, and is fitted in close contact with it, so as to exclude the air for combustion, which enters the ash pit through the door'B, from passing upward, except through the grate H, the opening R, or the grated fire-chamber. The air-chamber S thus formed above the grate-surface is in full communication with the ash-pit through the annular space around the periphery of the gratesurface.

In my invention I suspend the basket-grate E by a ring at its upper edge, and project the clinker-discharge end thereof downward into the air chamber S, to afford more vertical height in the wall of 'the air-chamber for the arrangement of micalights and doors above the grate, and by which a better access is obtained for manipulating with a poker in the removal of slate and clinkers; also, by making the part E grated or illuminating, I can atany time see the amount of refuse matter standing in the fire-chamber, and dischargeit as frequently as may be desired, and regulate the state of the tire with great exactness.

U are doors in the wall of the stove, partly above and partly below the periphery of the grate-surface, through which the bar is ,inserted for shaking the grate, and also for operating upon the clinkers. D are doors with mica-windows al through which the fire may be seen in the basket-grate E, and also to enable the operator to direct his movements while removing the clinkers by shaking the grate, or by inserting the poker through the doors 0.

In Fig. 2 areseen two pairs of smaller doors with mica lights in them, serving the double purpose of observing the state of the fire and for operating upon the clinkers by means of a poker inserted through them when opened. Should the fire stick in the grated section E, or clinkers stick in the grate, the large doors- 1) or the small onesj), or mica doors-d are opened, and the fire and clinkers operated upon by. a poker inserted for that purpose.

Above the basketgrate E is the fire-brick pot Gr.

These two form what I term the fire chamber; and the points, where the slate and clinkers would naturally leave thefire-chamher as they fall from it, I term the inside diameter of the slate and clinker discharge end of the fire-chamber.

The coals are fed to the fire by a door above,

' or by a reservoir, as is customary with stoves at present in. use, and as described in my pat: ent dated July 7, 1868, No. 79,696.

Instead of making the lower section E of the fire-chambercylindrieal, Iinake-its clinkerdischarge end smaller in diameter than the fire-pot G, so that 1 can use a broad projecting grate-surface without enlarging the airehamber S to the-extent that would be necessary were the fire-chamber of the same diameter throughout.

Beneath the basket-grateE is placed the grate'H, altogether clear from it, at a distance of two or three inches,the distance varying according to the size of the coal and diameter of the grate. Outside of this grate is a circularring, K, forming a part of the gratesurface or fire-bed. It is supported on four guides, k, secured to the casin g, and is free to rotate within them. This ring is somewhat larger than the inside of the lower mouth of the fire-chamber, and is curved a little upward at the edge, so that the coals and cinders are banked up, and thereby prevented from being shoved off too easily by theweight of. the coals above. Inside this ring is a circular grate, H, having openings for air, and turning on a pivot, m, resting on the cross bar N, which is pivoted to the sides of the base or ash pit, and by means of the arm a 1 the grate H may be dumped. This rotating and dumping movement has been fully described in my previous patent. The ring K is shaken by a bar or rod passed through the doors 0 into. the eye 1" attached to the ring. The grate H is shaken inv a similar manner by means of the eye 7 fastened to it; or the bar can be inserted through both eyes, so as to shake {both together. The periphery of the grate surfaee is at such a distance from the wall of the base that the clinkers and slate m y fall therefrom over its periphery into the pan placed within the base, the necessary direction being given to them by the deflector 0. (See Figs. 2 and 5.) The draft passes to the fire through the grate H, and also through v the circular space R.

In a stoveconstructed in this manner I have the advantage of seeing at all times the exact state of the fire, and of regulating its intensity with very little trouble. All the "slate and clinkers can easily be removed above the grate,

and from any part of the grate-surface, and the fire kept up continuously. If, however.

the fire he suffered to die out, the,cinders can be dumped in the usual manner.

It is evident that the grate H andvring K may be cast in one piece, as shown in Fig. 4, so as to shake together, in which case all the slate, clinkers, and ashes would be removedthrough tlie openin'g R, andthc fire continuously kept up, as before described.

' It is also evident that the grate herein de scribed can be used with a fire-chamber that is not open or grated so far as partially to secure the'advantages accruing from the discharge'of clinkers over the periphery of the grate-surface; but-, with an illuminating firechamber andmica doors around it, I have the additional advantage of seeing at any time the height to which any dead refuse matter'may extend into the fire-chamber.

I am aware that clinkers have been drawn through ahole in the front of a vertical basket-grate, as in the patent to J. Morrison, February 21, 1865, and that a grate inclosed by a ring has been common, the said ring forming a grate-rest, and being placed in contact with the fire-pot; also, that a sunken grate with an elevated ring, and a 'clinkercleaning space between the said ring and grate, as shown in patent to O. Fulton, April 27, 1869, has been used; but such construction of clinker-cleaning grates differs in many essential particulars from the invention herein described.

I claiin 1. The combination of a receptacle or chamber to contain the ignited fuel and refuse therefrom, a horizontally-vibrating grate-surface or fire-bed of larger diameter than the inside of the clinker-discharge end of the said chamber,

and the clinker-cleaning opening It, to admit a poker to clean theup per surface of the grate, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination of a fire chamber, a grate-surface or tire-bed, consisting of a dumping-grate, H, and a surrounding ring, K, and a clinker-cleaning opening, R, above the ring, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination of a fire-chamber, the ring K, forming part of the grate-surface or fire-bed, and the clinker-cleaning opening R, above the ring, substantially as herein described.

4. The combination of a fire-chamber having its clinker-discharge end E grated or illuminatin g ai'id'projectin g downward within the air-chamber S, a grate-surface or fire-bed projecting beyond the inside diameter of the slate and clinker discharge end of the Eire-chamber, and the clinker-cleaning opening R, substantially as herein described.

5. The combination 0; a fire-chamber having its clinker-discharge end projecting downward within the air-chamber S, a grate-surface or fire-bed consisting of a dumping-grate, H, and a surrounding ring, K, and theclinkercleaning opening, It, above the ring, substantiallyas herein described. g

6. The combination of the vertical clinkercleaning opening R and mica lights 1 in doors opposite the opening, substantially as herein described.

7. The combination of the vertical clinkercleaning opening R, mica lights 0?, and clinkercleaning doors (3, opposite the opening, substantially as herein described.

8. The combination of a fire-chamber, the clinker-cleaning opening R, bet-ween the firechamber and grate-surface, clinker-cleanin g doors 0, opposite the 'said opening, and'mica lights d ,'opposite the illuminating-section E of the fire-chamber, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a fire-chamber and a grate-surface or fire-bed, which is supported from the wall of a stove, on a plane below the clinker-cleaning opening it, by means of lugs k and cross-bar N, substantially as herein described. 10. The combination of a fire-chamber and a grate-ring, K, supported from the wall of the stove, on a plane below the clinker-cleaning opening It, bymeans of lugs k substantially as herein described.

11. The combination of a fire-chamber havin g its discharge-end E illuminatin g,the gratering K, and the'clinker-cleaning opening R, above the ring, substantially asherein described.

12. The combination of a fire-chamber having its slate and clinker discharge end contracted and projecting downward, a grate-rin g, K, and a clinker-cleaning opening, R, above the ring, substantially as herein described.

JAMES SPEAK.

\Vitnesses EDWARD BROWN, JOHN F, GRANT.

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