US980660A - Gas-producer. - Google Patents

Description

G. F. MILLER.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30. 1909.

980,660. I Patented Jan. 3, 1911;

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

fiENTOR.

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C. F. MILLER.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED APR, 30. 1909.

Patented Jan.3, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEETS.

INVENTOR.

WITNESSES.-

ATTORNEY IN FACT.

UNITED srrAgns3ArrENT OFFICE.

CHARLES. E. MILLER, on rrrsnuno, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIuNOR TO cenn nonsn MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have mace a new and useful Invention in Gas- Producers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that type of producer, especially suited for the gasification of fuels more or less rich in tar-forming constituents, which type consists in general of an updraft combustion section, on which is superimposed. a downdraft combustion section, the gas being withdrawn at the junction of the said updraft and downdraft sections.

One object of the invention is to produce a gas producer of this general type, in which simple and eifective means are employed for regulating the combustion in the updraft and downdraft sections respectively in accordance with the relative proportions of fixed carbon and volatile matter in the fuel.

A further object of the invention is to produce a new and original gas producer of this general type, which provides simple and efiicient means foraccess to the refractory lining for breaking up and dislodging clinkers'.

These and other objects I attain in a producer embodying the features herein tie; scribed and illustrated.

in the drawings accompanying this application and forming a part thereof: Figure 1 is a sectional. elevation along the line A A of Fig. 2 and illustrates a producer embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; and, Fig. 3 is a fragmental sectional elevation along the line B B of Fig. 2 and illustrates a water-supply device employed in connection with the vaporizing chamber.

The updraft section 8 consists of a shell 6 provided with a fire brick or refractory lining 7. On the upper end of the updraft section is a vaporizing chamber 12 made ring-shaped of cast iron or other suitable metal. This vaporizing chamber has one or more openings 10 through it by means of which the gas is taken off. Supported on the vaporizing chamber is the downdraft section 9 consisting of a shell 6, theouter diameter of which is less than the largest inner diameter of the updraft see .on 8.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed April 30, 1909. Serial No. 493,146.

WESTING- eAseiaonncnn.

Patented J an. 3, 1911'.

This upper shell 6 is also provided with a the brick or refractory lining 7.

In order thatthe produce'r'may operate continuously and efiiciently, it is necessary to keep clinkers from adhering to the lining which must be done by breaking them up periodically with a poker or clinker bar.

In all producers of this general type hitherto constructed, poking can be done only through the top, necessitating very long and heavy pokers, which become heated over such a considerable port-ion of their length as to make them difficult for the operator to handle. Also by reason of the extremedepth of the producer the operation of cleaning the walls and breaking upclinkers is laborious and consequently apt to be (neg lected and at best is ineflicient.

In my improved producer, with the outer diameter ofthe downdraft section smaller than the inner diameter of the updraft sec-f tion, I am enabled to put a plurality of poke holes "1-1 extending downward throughj the vaporizer from its upper 'surfa'ce's; These poke holes give easy access to the lining of the updraft section, and clinker may be dislodged from the walls and broken up with comparative ease and efficiency, by means of pokers of less than half the length required in the ordinary construction of this general type of producer. The poking of the downdraft section may be done conveniently and etficiently through suitable poke holes in the top with a short light bar as the depth to be covered from the top is less than half the total height of the producer.

Producers of this general type as'heretofore constructed have been made with open tops. I use a closed top 3 with a suitable charging door i and poke holes 5 with covers, in order that the draft and combustion may be more completely under control.

The top 3 chamber 3- which surrounds the charging opening or door 4 and is divided by the radially extending diaphragm. An air inlet port 15 is provided in the upper side of the top 3 and communicates with the chamber 3' on one side of the diaphragm. A port 15 is provided in the lower side of the top 3 and communicates with the chamber am the other side of the diaphragm. The-port. 15 communicates through a suitable pipe} with an airinle port 15" provided in the is provided with an interior I I 12: 1 With this arrangement all of the air drawn into the producer first circulates through the, chamber 3 and the v chamber 12'. An outlet port 16 is provided 'inthe casting 12 and is, located diametrically opposite the inlet port 15* and communicates withthe chamber 12 and with the blast pipes 17' of the producer, the blast pipe 17 for top portion of the producer being in direct communication with the top of the l chamber-12"; T-he'chamber 12 is adapted to be filled withwater and an apron 1.8 is provided immediately adjacent to the port 16" for the purpose of preventing the water from flowing out of the chamber through the port 17;

v The successful operation of a "producer of thisgeneral type requires that the combustion zo'ne shall be maintained at a constant level. In order that the combustion zone maybe maintained at aconstant level it is essential that the division of. the blast sup ly between the updraft and downdraft sections shall be capable of adjustment to suit various ratios of fixed carbon and volatiles in the different fuels that may the used. The larger the proportion of fixed carbon the greater must be the proportion of blast delivered to the updraft section and vice versa. 'To accomplish this the outlet of the vaporizing chamber is connected with *justing valve 28.

the top section of the producer through the pipe 17 and the adjusting valve 22 and communicates with the bottom'section' of the producer through the pipe 17 and thead- I It is obvious that with this arrangement the blast to the two sections may be divided in any proportion desired.

j-Depending on the moisture in the fuel, and the varying degrees of heat generated by the various fuels, it is essential that the proportions of air and vapor in the. blast shall be adjustable. To accomplish this I place in the blast pipe between the valve 22 and the bl'astopening 20, and between the valve 23 and the twyer 21, regulating valves 22 and 23 respectively opening to the mosphere' or communicating with a dry air supply that may or may not be preheated by any suitable means.

By this arrangement itis obvious that the proportions of vapor and air may be adjusted in any desired ratio,

,and the 'ratio in theblast supplied to one section is entirely independent of that in the blast supplied-to the other.

ater is delivered to the chamber-112 and is maintained at a constant level by means of a water supply device 24 illustrated in Fig, 3. 'The deviceconsistszof a tube or pipe 25 to which water is delivered by a supply pipe 26 and which communicates with the chamber 12' through a pipe 27. An overflow pipe 28 extends upwardly through a tube 25 and is o 3611 at its upper end. A continuous flow 0 water is mamtained through the pipe 26 and consequently through a pipe 28, and by this arrangement the water level is maintained constant within the chamber 12 without subjecting the chamber to the cooling action of the flow. This water supply device may be replaced by an ordinary float valve which will maintain the level of the water constantfwithin close limits without waste of water.

29 is a water supply pipefor cleaning the interior of the casting 12.

The operation of the producer is as fol lows: rLftBl' the fuel bed is well'cstablished within the gas enerating chamber and a current of air is drawn through the vaporizing chamber by suction transmitted through the gas offtake port 10, a blast of vapoladen air is introduced above and below the fuel bed. The fresh fuel is fed to the downdraft portion 9 of the generating chamber and the function of this portion of the chain her is to convert the fresh fuel into coke by the disassociation of its hydrocarbon constituents, These hydrocarbons in passing 7 down through the incandescent fuel are converted into fixed gases before reaching the oflztake port. The coke formed in the-downdraft portion is completely gasified in the updraft orlower portion of'thc producer In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes; lhave described the principle of operation of my invention, togetherwith the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim is:

1. A producer comprising, an updraft section, a downdraft section with its outside diameter less thanthe greatest interior-diameter of the updraft section, a vaporizing top located between said sections with a as ofi'ta'ke port and a plurality of poke ho es so disposed as to permit passing a 'slice bar along the inner walls of the updraft section.

A producer comprising, an updraf section, a downdraft section, and a vaporizing top located between said sections and provided with poke holes and a gas delivery port.

3. An up ftlldldOWIl draft producer comprising, an updraft section, a downdraft 1 the sections and provided with an interior vaporizing chamber and air admission port, v

air and vapor delivery ports, a gas ofl'take port and a plurality of poke holes for the updraft section.

4. An up and down draft. producer comprising, an updraft section, a vaporizing top therefor provided with a vaporizing chamber, an air admission port, air and vapor delivery ports, a gas oiftake port and a plurality of poke holes, 21 downdraft section mounted on the vaporizing top, and con1- inunicating with the updraft section by means of a suitable opening in the center of the vaporizing top and an air cooled top for the downdraft section the air cooled chamber of which connects with the air admis sion port of the vaporizing top.

5. A suction gas producer having a downdraft section and an updraft section, an intermediate ofi'take, a vaporizer, pipes leading in opposit direetions from the vaporizer into the respective sections, air inlets for said pipes, and valves the air inlets and the "aporizer.

6. A suction gas producer having 'aydowndraft sectiongand an updraft section, an intermediate vaporizer, an ofi'take, pipes leading from the vaporizer to the respective sections, air inlet ports for the pipes, valves in the pipes to out oifconnnunicat-ion between the vaporizer and the sections and valves in the air inlet ports. e

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 26th day of April, 1909.

' CHAS. F. MILLER,

lVitnesses CHARLES W. McGI-nzn, G. W. BALLAY.

in said pipes between

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