US1208689A - Gas-producer. - Google Patents

Description

J. & W. STEWART. GAS PRODUCER.

APPucATIoN msn Nvov. 1s, 1910.

l ,20,689., Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

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J; 6L W. STEWART.

v GAS PRonucE. MPLicATloN msu Nov. la, |910.

1,298,689., Patented De.12,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- i; sT Es T FIG.

JOHN STEWART, or coDNoE rARx, ALEEETON, ENGLAND, AND WILLIAM STEWART, or MOTHERWELL, SCOTLAND.

GAS-PRODUCER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

To all whom t may concern: Y

Be it known that we, JOHN STEWART, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, and resident of Codnor Bark, Alfreton, in the county of Derby, England, and WILLIAM STEWART, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Motherwell, in the county of Lanark, Scotland, haveinvented new and useful Improvements inGas-Prof ducers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in gas producers of the two chamber type in which the gas generated may be used for driving gas enginesand for metallurgical and other purposes; the object of the present invention being the production of a two i chamber gas producer in which one chamber can be worked on the downdraft or inverted combustion principle while the other chamber is worked on the updraft combustion principle, and in which the products of combustion from the iirst chamber have to pass upward through the fuel in the second Achamber to the gas outlet, and in which the direction of the draft through can be-reversed, so that a gas, can be entirely, and continuously produced from bituminous and other similar fuel.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a section on the line A. A. Fig. 2 of a producer constructed according to this invention and as arranged for the production of gas on the suction principle. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, and Fig. 3 is a section on the line B. B. Fig. 2.

The producer shown in the drawings is rectangular in plan and has metal sides 1 and a I irebrick lining 2 and these parts are built and arranged in the usual manner. At the bottom of the producerthere is a water bosh 3 .and there is, or may be, `a fire grate 4. This grate may be ixedor movable and may be an eccentrically rotating grate of the kind described in the specification of the British Patent No. 15074 of The upper part of` the producer in the drawings is covered with a the producer shown 'tank 5 which is constructed in any suitable manner and may be used g as an evaporator or asteam generator, and passing through such tank there are `inlet and outlet passages which extend rfrom the inside tothe outside of the producer. In the centerV of the producer and preferablyV at right angles `to the free from tar,

ends of the same there is a partition or midwall 6 by which the producer is divided into two chambers 7 and 8. In the drawing this partition is .a hollow metal casing which extends to the top of the tank 5 and is of such a depth that a passage 9 is formed between the chambers 7 and` 8. At the top of the chamber 7 there is a pipe 10 for the inlet of air, or air and steam, and such inlet is con trolled by a rotatable valve 1l which is actuated by a toothed gear wheel 13, and a quadrant 14 from a lever 15. At the side of the chamber 7 there is a gas outlet 16 which is opened and closed by a water seal valve 17, located in a valve box 18, which is connected to the gas delivery pipe 19. The valve 17 is connected with the lever 15 by suitable means whereby it may be opened and closed. In connection with the chamber 8 there is an air, or air and steam inlet 20 with a valve 21 which vis operated by a toothed gear wheel 22 and quadrant 23 from a lever 27 and there is also a gas outlet 24 with a. water seal valve 25 in a valve box 26 which is connected to the gas delivery pipe 19, the said valve and the quadrant 23 being operated by the lever 27. The levers 15 and 27 are suitably fulcrumed .and are operated by screws 28 and tapped hand wheels 29.

The water space of the tank 5 is connected at both ends by pipes 30 to the lower part of the partition 6 for the purpose of insuring a thorough circulation of the water, .and the upper parts of the tank and the partition are connected together by pipes 31 whereby a circulation of the vapor or steam produced is insured. At the top of the tank 5, and at one end of the same, there is an air inlet pipe 42, and at the other end of the tank there is a pipe 32 for the outlet of the air and steam, and such pipe is connected to the inlet valves 11 and 21 by means of the pipes 33.

At or near the center of each of the chambers 7 and 8 and at the top of the same there is a fuel feeding device. This device comprises a cylinder 50 Fig. 3 which is fitted to slide vertically in a bearing formedin the tank 5 and there is a gland and stuling box 51 for making a gas tight joint. lThe tank 5 is designed to surround the cylinder 50 and is shaped to form an inclined or conical bottom to the cylinder, and there are sideopenings 52 through which the fuel falls into the products o-f combustion are thus compelled products producer. The top of the cylinder 50 is provided with a cover or lid 35 which is pivoted to the cylinder 50 and at one side has projecting lugs 37. Vorking in conjunction with the lugs 37 there is on each of the quadrants 1li and 23 an arm 38, which enters between the lugs 37 whenever the air valves are closed and at the same time an arm 53 on the toothed gear wheels turns on to the top of another lug whereby it is made impossible to open a fuel feeder to a chamber when the gas valve to that chamber is open. For raising the cylinders 50 to allow of the fuel falling into the producer there are levers 4:1 which are suitably fulcrumed and are operated by hand as required.

At or near the bottom of the producer there are one or more air, or, air and steam inlets. In the arrangement shown in the drawings the vapor circulating pipes 3l are connected to the hollow trunnions of the grate 4 by the pipes 39 and there may be a grid or other valve Ll0 for regulating the quantity of air admitted, or other ordinary forms of air, or air and steam inlets may be used. l rlhe various pipes herein described are provided with all the usual and necessary valves and other fittings and the tank 5, the partition 6, and the water jacketed parts are provided with an efficient water supply and with means for regulating the same, also the positions of the inlets and outlets to and from the inside of the producer may be van ried according to the conditions under which the producer is to be worked.

The producer herein described may bc worked on the suction or pressure principle and the gas produced may be used for any of the purposes for which gas from an ordinary producer is used.

When the producer herein described is to be used for the making of gas from bituminous fuel it is first charged and heated, during which time both gas outlets are opened, both top air inlets are closed, and the air required for the combustion of the fuel is supplied through the bottom air inlets. When the producer is thoroughly heated one of the chambers, say 7 is selected to be used as the downdraft chamber and the gas outlet 16 to that chamber is closed. At the same time the air inlet l0 is opened and the fuel feeder liberated from its locking device. Fuel is then fed to the chamber 7 and the of combustion pass down this chamber under the partition 6 and up through the chamber 8 to the gasoutlet 24e. The tarry matters given off from the fuel fed to the chamber 7 together with the other to pass downward through the incandescent fuel in the lower part of this chamber' and the tarry matters are thereby converted into gas. rllhe fuel at the lowerpart of the pro- V by the ducer is maintained at a high temperature auxiliary supply of air, or air and steam, admitted at the bottom of the producer which temperature insures the complete and final destruction of the tarry matters, while the bottom air supply assists and supports combustion in the updraft chamber 8. During this period of working the fixed carbon in the Vfuel in both chambers is continuously being converted into gas and this direction of working is continued until a further supply of fuel is required in the chamber 8. The air inlet 10 to the chamber 7 is then closed and the gas outlet 16 is reopened and at this period combustion is carried on in both chambers from the bottom air, or air and steam, supply only, and this method of working may be continued for a time for the purpose of regulating the temperature at the lower part of the producer. The gas outlet 24 to the chamber 8 is next closed and the inlet 20 is opened, after which fuel is fed to the chamber S which then works on the downdraft principle and the products of combustion pass Aupward through the chamber 7 to the gas outlet 16, this method of working being continued until another charge of fuel is required in the chamber 7 when the direction of the draft through the producer is again reversed.

l. In a gas producer having two combus tion chambers, a hollow partition separating the chambers, and a steam generator above the combustion chambers of the producer, the steam generator communicating with the interior of the partition whereby water circulates `from one to the other, substantially as set forth.

2. lin a two-chamber gas producer, a hollow partition separating the chambers, a water tank covering the producer and forming a steam generator, the steam space of .the tank being connected with the upper portions of the partition, and circulating' pipes connecting the said Water space with the partition near itslower end, substantially as set forth.

3. A gas producer having in combination two generator chambers connected at their lower ends by a passage, means for closing the upper ends of each chamber substantially gas-tight, means for feeding fuel to each chamber independently adapted to cut A0E communication between the external air :and the generator chambers, valve-controlling means by which air may be supplied directly to the upper portion of each generator chamber, means for supplying air to scribed whereby air delivered to the top of the lower portions of the chambers, and

one chamber is caused to pass downward through the bed of incandescent fuel in that chamber, across to the other chamber where additional volumes of air are supplied, whence the united products pass upward through the body of incandescent fuel in the other chamber to the delivery conduit.

4:. A gas producer having in combination two generator chambers connected at their lower ends by a passage, means for closing the upper ends of the chambers substantially gas-tight, means for feeding fuel to each chamber independently, valve-controlled means for supplying air alternately directly to the upper portions of the generator chambers, means for supplying air to the lower portions of said chambers, valve-controlled conduits through gases produced are led off, connected respectively directly with the upper portions of the generator chambers, and controlling means arranged to open the air supply to one chamber and the delivery conduit to the other, and vice versa.

5. A gas producer having two chambers connected at their lower ends by a passage,

means for feeding fuel dependently, a steam generator arranged to be heated by combustion taking place in the said chambers of the producer, an air conduit having a portion opening into the steam space of the said generator and other portions extending from the said steam space directly into the upper portions respectively of the chambers of the producer, valves controlling the passage of the commingled air and steam through the said conduit portions delivering into the producer chambers, conto each chamber inwhich the Y duits for taking off the gaseous products connected directly with the upper portions of the producer chambers, and valves controlling the said take-olf conduits.

6. In a two chamber gas producer the combination of inlets through which gaseous fluid may be introduced and gas outlets to each chamber, a fuel feeder to each chamber, a water cooled partition which divides the producer into two chambers, a water evaporator or steam generator at the top of the producer, water and vapor connections between the partition and the water evaporator or steam generator, a rotating fire grate and auxiliary air, or air and steam, inlets at the lower part of the producer as herein set forth.

7. In a two chamber gas producer the combination of the inlets through which gaseous fluid may be introduced and gas outlets to each chamber the valves to such inlets and outlets, a fuel feeder to each chamber, a water cooled partition dividing the producer into two chambers, an evaporating vessel on the top of the producer, water and vapor connections between the partition and the evaporating vessel, an air inlet to such vessel, connecting pipes between the evaporating vessel and the inlet valves, a rotating iire grate and auxiliary air and steam inlets at the lower part of the producer as herein set forth.

JOI-IN STEWART. WILLIAM STEWART.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM N. POTTER, JOHN GRUNDY.

Copies of this patent may he obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D C.

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