US921866A - Arc-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

B. MONASGH.

ARG LAMP. v

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1906.

921 ,866. Patented May 18, 1909.

2 BEEETSSHBET 1.

Witnesses: s s i 7' Inventor:

WI. ll u l Berthold monasch,

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fftt 'y.

B. MONASGH. ARC LAM APPLICATION FILED MAY 8, 1906. I

921 ,866. Patented May 18, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WiTNEfiEIEEII INVENTURI v EERTHEI? MEINAEIDH AT T Y.

UNITED sTArEs PATENT OFFEQE.

BER'LHOLD MONASGH, .OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ARC-LAMP.

Patented May 18, 1909.

Application filed May 8, 1906. Serial No. 315,819.

that the so-called flaming or luminous arcs are obtained. With such electrodes thearc products resulting from the arc consumption of one or both of the cotiperating electrodes of a lamp are not all permanent gases, as is practically the case when an arc is formed between two cooperating electrodes of carbon. On the contrary, the products of the luminous or flaming arc contain material which tends to deposit in a solid form onsurfaces adjacent the are. In particular, it. is apt to condense on the upper electrode ofthe lamp. Such deposition is a source of more or less trouble. It tends to obscure the light fromthe arc, and as such deposited material is usually non-conducting, at least when cold, its presence on the upper electrode renders diff cult the starting of an arc therefrom.

My present invention comprises novel means for removing from the upper electrode of the lamp, material which may have been deposited onit from the arc.

It also comprises improvements in the structure of a positive non-consuming electrode which may advantageously be used as the upper electrode employed in a lamp equipped with my improved electrode cleaning device, though the two features of my invention are not limited to conjoint use.

. The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with, particularity in the claims annexed to,

and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of my invention, however, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described forms in which my invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame work of an arc lamp with the casing removed; Fig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1, but is taken from a different view point; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the operative parts of the lamp and circuit connections; F g. 4; is an elevation of a portion of the lamp mechanism showing the electrodes in the running position of the lamp; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4,

showing the electrodes in the out-of-serv'ice position; Fig. 6 is a perspective view 'of "a modified construction of the upper electrode; Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation showing the electrode cleaning device; Fig. 8 is a detail view of the clutch mechanism showing the same in elevation at a different angle with attached parts broken away; Fig. 9 is a plan view of the clutch; and Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the clutch.

In Figs. 1 and2 of the drawings, I have shown a direct current luminous arc lamp provided with acentrailly located draft tube or chimney 1, whichjforms the backbone of the arc lamp structure. To the upper end of the drafttube 1 is secured a hood 2. Midway between the ends of'the draft tube 1 is located a platform 3 and at the lower end of the tube 1 is located a platform 4. The upper and positive electrode mechanism of the lamp comprises an arc-shaped bar 5, one end of which is pivotally connected to the tube 1 by yoke; members 6. The free end of the member 5 has secured to it a member 7 which forms the main positive electrode and comprises .a disk-like portion 8, the upper surface of which rests against the under surface of the member 5, andv a stud or post 9 which extends upward from the upper surface of the disk 8. The stud 9 passes through an aperture formed for the purpose in the member 5 and is secured in place in any suitable manner, as by means of a cotter pin 10.

The, member 5 is connected to the core 11' of anelectromagnet 12 mounted on the platform 8 by a connecting rod 13. When the winding 12 of the electroinagnet 12 is energized, the member 5 is held in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 3, in which the center of the disk portion 8 of the member 7 is in line with the axis of the tube 1; When the winding 12 is' deenergized, the member 5 is swung from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2 by the weight of the core 11 and connecting rod'13. An auxiliary or starting positive electrode member 14, which may be integral with but preferably is detachably secured to the member 5, is so located as to be in line with the axis of the tube 1 when the member 5 is in the 60 electrode comprises a revoluble cleaning deposition shown in Fig. 2. The members 7 and 14 are formed of some material, such as wrought copper, having good electrical and heat conductivity. The member may be formed of copper or brass.

4 The lower and negative electrode 15 of the lamp, which may beformed of or contain some material such as a magnetic oxid of iron, titanium oxid, titanium carbid, or the like, yielding an efficient flaming arc, is held in alinement with the axis of the tube 1 by an arm 16 secured to the lower end of the member 17. The upper end of the member 17 is secured to a counter-weight 18 by a chain or other fiex'ible member 19 which passes over a pulley (not shown) located within the hood member 2. The weight. of

its upper end engages the under surface of the member 14. a i

The core 20 of an electromagnet 21, lo-

' cated abovethe platform 3, is secured to a ment is shown in Fig. 1.

clutch mechanism 22 adapted'to engage the member 18. When the winding 21 of the electromagnet 21 is energized, the core 20 is moved upward and thereby, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, the lever a, connected thereto by a link I), is raised. This lever a, which is pivoted at c and adjustably connected by means of a bolt d to the lever 6, will thus follow the core 20 in its upward movement. The result of this upward movement will be a turning movement of lever 6 about the pin f. Therefore, the pin g, secured in the fork of the lever e, moves downward and carries with it the steel clamp piece it which is rotatable about the pin f until the piece is tightly pressed against the weight 18. The whole arrangement of parts is so chosen that this stoppage of the steel clamp piece it will take place after a very short upward movement of the core 20. The weight will be raised, allowing the member 17 and the electrode 15 (Fig. 1) to descend, thus starting the arc. The three arrows shown in Fig. 8 indicate the simultaneous direction of movement; and the relative position of the parts of the clutch at the end of the move- With the gradual consumption of the electrodes the current will grow weaker, the core 20 will descend, thus releasin the clutch upon the weight 18, allowing 1t to descend. This raises the electrode holder 17, until the normal strength of current has been restored.

The mechanism for cleaning the upper vice, such as a corrugated or brush roller 23, which'may be loosely mounted on a shaft 24, the ends of which are normall held by springs25 in the upper ends 0 slots 26 ing 12 is connected to the bar 5 and thereby to the members 7 and 14, by a conductor 31, which may in practice include the flexible conductor 31 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. A conductor 32 connects the negative terminal of the lamp to one terminal of the winding 21. The other terminal of the winding 21 is connected to, the lower electrode of the lamp by a conductor 33.

In the running position of the lamp shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the windings 12 and 21 are both energized and the upper end of the electrode 15 is below the center of the disk 8, from the under surface of which it is separated by the arc length. When the arc is extinguished, the windings l2 and 21,

which are in series with the are, both become deenergizedand the lamp mechanism is moved into the position shown in Fig. 2. As the disk 8 swings out of line with the tube 1, it engages the member 23 and rotates the latter. The member 23 serves to scrape or brush from the under side of the disk 8 any material which may have been condensed thereon. Owing to the yielding manner in which the member 23 is supported, the cleaning device engages the disk with the proper pressure during the entire time the latter is in contact with it.

Vhen the parts are in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the electrode 15 is in contact with the electrode member 14 and if then, or afterward, the lamp terminals are connected to a suitable source of current, current will begin to flow between the conductors 31 and 33 through the bar 5, member 14, and electrode 15. This energizes the windings l2 and 21', whereupon the arm 5 is rocked about a pivotal point of support and the electrode 15 is simultaneously moved downward. As the electrode 15 separates from the member 14, an arc is drawn, the upper end of which is immediately thereafter transferred from the member 4 to the disk 8.

By making the diameter of the arcing surface of the disk 8 large in comparison with the diameter of the lower electrode and the length of the are, I have found that beneficial results are obtained, as the upper end of the are then has but little, if any, tendency to wander to the edge of the disk and then run up the side of the upper electrode, thereby materially increasing the length of the arc a contingency liable to occur when the upper electrode is in the form of a pencil, coaxial with and practically of the same diameter as the lower electrode. The disk 8 also serves to rapidlydissipate the heat conveyed to the upper electrode by the arc.

Instead, offorming the post 9 and disk 8 integral, as shown in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, the disk portion may be in the form of a collar 8 surrounding the 0st 9', to which it is secured. This form 0 my invention is shown in Fig. 6,

It will be understood that any suitable casing and globe may be employed with the mechanism shown. I

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatchanges may be made in the forms disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I do not wish the claims hereinafter made to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed more than is made necessary by the state of the art.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

' 1. In an arc lamp, the combination of a vertically disposed, lower, negative electrode,

with an upper, positive, non-consuming electrode having a disk-shaped arcing surface that is sufiiciently greater than that of the negative electrode to prevent the climbing of the are.

2. In an arc lamp, the combination of a positive non-consuming electrode mounted to be capable of swinging into and out of operative position, an elastically mounted cleansing brush in the path of the swing of the arcing face of the electrode, and automatic means for swinging the electrode into and out of position when the lamp is started and stopped, respectively.

3. In an arc lamp, a draft tube, an electrode pivotally connected thereto wit-h its arcing surface normally in line with said draft tube but adapted to be swung out of such position, and a revoluble cleaning device located at one side of the axial line of said tube and in position to be engaged by said arcing surface when the electrode is moved out of its normal operating position.

' In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this.19th day of March, 1906.

BERTHOLD MONASCH.

Witnesses:

JULIUS RUMLAND, MAX HAMBURGER.

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