US900718A - Arc-lamp. - Google Patents

Description

R. FLEMING & C. A. B; HALVORSON, JR.

ARG LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1905.

Patented oat. 13,1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Inventors: Rich ard FIerni ng, Cromwel I A,B. Hal vorson Jr Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

2 SH-BBTS SHEBT 2;

, Witnesses: Inventors I Richfid Flemin W a Cromwell Halvogsoh V W by [$1 0k s. .aqtty;

' ori'snoleENERAL ELECTRIC To all wtbmtma concern:

ful rmprovements "in Arc-Lamps, ofwhi h the follewingis' specification. I 011i presnt'invention relates to are lamps,

and'inore particularly'to arc lamps of the type'in; whiclr'the electrodes employed are such"thet fl'amiIIg-Or luminous arcs are obtained which furnish the major portion of the light given by thelamps.

" bodied in a lamp structure which is a modi-' Our' p'r'esentinvention is shown as emfic'ationof that-shown in our application seria l' No.181332;filedNovember 16,1903.

' The? various "features of novelty which characterize our invention are pointed out; 'with pai't'icularity'in the claims annexed to and formin g-a part of this specification. I For" a betterunderstanding of our inven tionfhowever;reference may behad to the accompanying drawings'and descriptive matter in which we have illustrated and 'describ ed *forms in which'our invention may be em- "bodied, 1

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective "view 'ofan. arcflamp with the casing and globere'moved j Fig: :2 is an elevation with parts in sectijonufand broken away showing the circuit controlling means of the lamp;

' of electrode: construction; and

v In the drawings, 1 represents a centr drafttube or chimney forming the back-bone isa diagrammatic representation of the 'lamp'and "its circuit arrangements; Fig. 4 is a partial elevation with 'parts broken awayan'd i'nsection showing a modified form of the lamp proper: @rdinarily the chimney or drafttube is fcrmedfinthree sections, one mabove theho'od ZZoithelamp, one between the hood- 2 and the platform or partition 3,

and "a third section below the platform 3.-

' v The "electrodefeeding mechanism of .the

of a U shape'd armature 'coilsit. The movable member 60f a dashlamp proper is located between the hood 2 and platform 3. v

pair'of-similar solenoid coils'4 are arranged side by side-and secured to-the middle section of the chimney member 1.

The legs project into the pot is secured to the under side of the yoke ATEH Jr I Ch ii Aw:

"lcRoMwELL A B. HA voRson-"mj or ruiIfiMASSAoHUs CQMPANY; Aeonromnou or n I L, I

Application filed May 1, 1905. Serial No. 258,214.

p Fig 5 is a perspectiveview of a detail. i T

Pat'ntedOct. 13, 1908.

g i of the armature 5 by a connecting pdlftidn or "Be itykno n that we,*RIcHARD FLEMING" and CnoMwEL'L A B. HALVORSON, Jri, citi i gens oftheUnited States; residing at Lynn, ir'r'thec unty'o'fjE'ssex and State of Massa: j "chuse'tts'; have inventedcertain new and use chimney member 1 by meansof piritles or trunnions 11 carried by the chimney member. The yoke portion of'the member 11 is secured to one end of an arc-shaped, bar adas wrought copper; This bar-forms the starting portion-0f the positive electrode.

1 When the member 11 is oscillated about its pivotal point of support by 'therecip'roca tion of the armature 5., the member 12, which in the position shown in Fig. l'of'the drawings has its lower end substantially flush with theL'rightdiand wall of the 'chininey 1,ipasses through the lower end of the chimney through slots Band 14' (eee' Fig; 4? formed in the right end'and 'left-handsice of the member '1. In the constructionehoun the bar 12 s'curved' about-its pivotalapoint of support as a center anrl=p'as ses t'hrougl't the h cf the chimney member when oscil- In the lamp sho hn in Fig. 1, the via-in or working portion 0'! the positive electrode of the lamp istin' the form of acu'rved bar 15 of metal, such as wrought copper, rectangular and considerablylarger in 'cross-sectionfthan the s arting portion 1'2.- The--bar 1'5' is,,;car ried a U-shaped member 16 to' thei-yoke portion of which it is secured in any suitable manner as by means of screws-or-beltsf 17. The member 16 is pivotally: securedwto the member 1' at the same diametrically opposedpoints at which themember ll is vpivoted; The members 11 and 1 16' may be mounted on the sametrunnions[1 eaitried by'the memberl As shown, theend; legs of the member 16 are connecte to"- gether by a' member 19,-; 1

,VVhen the parts are in the position shown in Fig.11,-'gravity holds'the electrode o r-ition' 15 in the position in which it proj ects through the left-hand side of the wallmemberd vantageou'sly made out of somemct'ai such ,seen Fig. l-to a point near the opposite side of the wall. A shield or guard 20 which is apertured to receive thebar is carried by it 1n such position that it then fits against the outer side of the member 1 and with the, 'bar. 15 effectually closes the slot 14 in the lower end of the member 1. The guard 20, which may advantageously be formed outof sheet metal, is provided with an offset-por- -tion 21 which is slotted to receive one of the v screws 17"by which it is adjustably secured I to the.bar 15. In'the position'shownin-Fig.

, v1 there is a space between the adjacent ends of-the bars or portion 12 and 15. When the Y Ice tion that the bar or portion 15 of Fig. '1',

member 12'is rocked aboutits pivotal point of support its lower end engages the adjacent end 0 the bar 15 andcarries it out of the draft tube 1.

The construction shown in Fig. 4 is identical with thatshown in Fig. 1 with the exch is substantially rectangular in crosssection, is re laced by a bar or portion .15 .which is circu ar in cross-section. The osition of the parts in Fig. 4 is that in whi e the startin portion of the positive electrode .holds t e working portion of the electrode out of the chimney.

The lower. consuming electrode 25 of the lamp, which is preferably formed of or contains some material such as magnetite, rutile, titanium carbid, etc.,' giving a flamin or lummous arc, is movably held inline with the axis of the chimney -l by an arm or. bracket 26 carried by the lower end of a tubular .member 27 which slides. in a tube or guide 28 The-other end of the pawl 30 is formed with a supported from the frame work of the lamp. The yoke of a clutch 'member 29 surrounds the member 27. To. the yoke member of the clutch 29-is secured one end of a pawl 30.

assage in. it through which extends the stem connecting the magnet 5 with the movable member 6 of the dash-pot. Below the yoke member of the clutch 29 is located the yoke member of, the clutch31,

33 normally holds the pawl member 32 in the position in which the member 2 7islocked bethe adjacent end of the tween it and its cooperating voke. Stops 34 a and 35, one at least of which is referably adsponding upward movement of the electrode 25.= The upward movement of the member .27 will cause'a corresponding movement of the clutch 31 until the awl 32 'engages the upper stop 34 after whic further movement Fig. 3.

This yoke memher also surrounds the member 27 A spring of the'member 27 will'take place without corresponding movement of the clutch 31. Whenthe armature 5 is subsequentlylowcred, the member 27 will drop back until its downward movement is arrested by the engagement of the pawl 32 by the lower stop 35. When this occurs, the yoke member of the clutch 29 drops down into engagement with the yoke of the clutch 31 asshown in a A series coil 36 and a voltage coil 37 are secured to the frame-work ofthe lamp' with their axes in alinement. The series coil" 36, which is of theiron-clad solenoid type, is provided with a .U-shaped piece of magnetic material 38, the'legs of which extend arallel to the axis of the coil. A cylindrica member 39 of magnetic material has its upper end secured to the yoke of the Ushaped member 38. ,The lower end of the member 39 proipcts into the coil 36 which is tubular and olds the member 38 in place. The movable armaturecooperating with the coil 36 comprises a core,40 of magnetic material which enters the bore of coil 36 and has secured to its lower end a disk 41 of magnetic material. 'To the under side of the disk 41 issecured a socket member 42 by means of screws 43. As is clearly seen in the construction the socket member 42 is insulated from the disk 41. A contact member 44, which may be advantageously formed of some material such as cop er, is held by the socket member 42.

The V0 tage coil 37, which is also of the solenoid iron-clad type, is provided with a U- shaped iece of magnetic material 45 the legs of whic extend parallel to the axis of the core. 'A tubular member 46 which enters the upper end of the coil- 37 and passes through an opening in the member. 45 serves to secure the latter in place. The armature cooperating with the coil 37 com rises a tubular body of magnetic materia '47 which carries at its lower end a disk 48-of magnetic material. The lower end of the member 47 is interiorly threaded to enga e the threaded portion of a tube or rod 49, by rotating the member 47 relative to the rod 49 the relative longitudinal position of the member and rod maybe adjusted. A lock nut 50 serves as a means for locking the member 47 against ac- 'cidental displacement. The upper end of the rod 49 is secured to a cross-head o,r member 52 lpreferably formed of non-magnetic materia A socket-member 53 secured to but insulated from the u, er side of the member 52 supports a cy indrical contact member 54 which may be advantageously formed out of carbon.-

The contact members 44 and 54 are in alinement with each other and in the position gagement withth eic at I after the coil 36 @4153 er zed o is operatively energized," the down orthe upward movement of the contact 54 on, the other hand will again bring thecon 1. o 1 f ts 'into'engagemeiitj "The lower section of 'the draft tube or chimney is prefer b y 'lated from the. upper section of the chimney I i= and from the platform 3 and is electrically "fc'onnected "to the two parts 12 and 15 of the and 7. A resistance conductor 58 is-moun'tg 125 a the mapper barSH-Zand forming the an ositiveelectrode of the lamp termiiial of' 'tli elamp with the negative elee-1 trode 25."; One'terminal of the 'coils'4, which 5 0 are-inserie's with each other, is connected to other te'r'minal of the coils 4 is connected to the contact 44 by a conductor 66;, One terfminalof thelcoil 34 is connected to the 0on 3 5 ductor 66 at thepoint 67. Thelother terminalof-ithe coil, 37 is connected to the lamp terminal 62 through a conductor so W 0 The normal running position .of t

' isthat shown in 1 and 3. Whenthe lamp is out of service the only changein i position of parts due to the "the contact44 into engagement with contact 7 45i 54'." When the lamp is put into service cur 1' 'rent begins to flow between the terminals 62 and 63 through the resistance 1 :"fgageme'nt, conductor 66 and cause. will operatively energize the coils 4 and cause the 'armature 5. to be raised, rocking the 'u'p Fer electrode from the position shown in a circuit including the winding of thecoil 3,6,

1, epnductors 64,-andconductor 65. The as wage of this current will energ1ze 'the co 3,6

and cause its cooperating armature to break the engagement between contacts 44 and 54;

5 When engagement between contacts 44 and 54 is brokenthe coils-4 are no longer 65 operatively energized and the armature 5 positive electrode by flexible conductors 56 ed on a suitable spool or support 59 carried y the platform 3. zi'reflector 60 is secured iagainst the lower end of the chimney inanyf the diagram asconnec'ted' by a conductor -64 be con n'ctor 65' connects'the negative peated as often *the negative terminal'63of the lamp. The

- for use in a-constant potential circuit.

used as a series .lamptliecon-tacts 44 and 54- p serve as the automaticcut-oUt of the lamp. .68 and a resistance conductor 58. The contact 54 is.

connected to the conductor 68 at the] pint 71.

i e lamp dropping of.

. p v conductor 58v I contacts 44 and 54' which'will.then bei enhis :%Iid,im6mb&l 27 begin. to --move downward.

I x he downward moyementof-the parts willbe ca ana est mateie de ire w i anged'. to prevent a rapid ownward movement of the parts, while allowing rapid gupwardvmoyement thereof. As the member and electrode 25 move downward, an, .arc is drawn between the-bar 12 and the elec trode 25; Theupper end transferred from the bar 12 to the working portion of the electrode as thelatter moves into the lower end of the member 1. The

downward movement of the electrode 25 and consequently the. lengthof thearc is limited by thewenglagement of the pawl 32 with the -ist 0 '35.} hearc thus started is maintained un er ordinary conditions until from an increase 1n its length. or from other causes its voltagerises beyond a predetermined amount whereupon the passage of current through the voltage coil 37 will be'suificient to operatively energize itiand raisenthe contact. 54 into engagement withthe contact 44.. When this occurs thecoils 4 will again be 0 eratively energized and theselectrode 2,5 Wlll be again moved into engagement with the'start- ,ing portion 12: of .the u perelectrode. This feeding operation .of tie lamp will be reasrconditions of service requireit.

The particular lamp hereinbeforedescribed and illustrated is intended foro eration in a series circuitt-hough it canreadil ybe ada tedhen It will ofcourse begunde rstood thatin case the lamp fails to operate properly and to maintain an arc, the contact 44 will remain in engagement with the contact 54. The only w ndingsof; the lamp which willthen be in circuit. will be resistance conductor, 58, con

ductor 71, contacts 44 and 54, conductor 66 and coils 4, As the latter coils can advantageously bemade with low: resistance this arrangement forms an eflicie'nt cut-out for the lamp, {Bymaking the contact 44 con nected to tl negative side of the lampof copper andthe coeperating contact 54 of carbon, good electrical connection between the contacts "is obtainedv when the-contacts engage whilefiarcing between the contacts when they separate isreduced to aminjmum, x v The resistanceofthe-eoil 37 is great enoughso that the current passing throughit and the coils 4 between the lamp terminals 62 and .63 when 'the arc is burning is insufficient to operatively energize the coils 4. The arrangement of the coils-36 and 37 andthecontaets controlled bythen' is" simple, compact,

1 and reliable.

oTheupper-electrode disclosed by the application is very satisfactory. Both the starting portion and the working. portion of-each electrode are readily replaceable when by necessary in order to maintain the are.

Mial.

reason of long continued use or other causes replacement is desirable. It will be understood, however, that the positive electrode of this lamp is practically non-consuming; that is, no consumption of this BlBCtIOdIGIB hlS e only consumption of the upper electrode which occurs is incidental and is usually due toa comparatively slow oxidation produced by the heatof the arc.

The parts are so proportioned that the positive electrode allows the proper flow of air through the draft tube or chimney to steady the arc and to carry the are products out of the lamp. The parts of the upper electrode 12 and 15 may both be moved out of the chimney to allow of cleaning the latter. The use of a movable positive'elcctrode insures that in starting an arc the lower electrode engages a clean portion of the upper electrode thus establishing a good electrical con-- nection between the electrodes. The sheet metal shield 20 can be readily secured to or removed from the working portion of the electrode and with the working portion of the electrode effectually closes the large aperture 14 in the chimney thus improving the draft arrangement, and by giving the proper direction to the aircurrents increasing the stability of the. arc.

While we have hereinbefore described and illustrated the best form of our invention now known to us it will be readily understood by all'those skilled in' the art that changes may be made in the embodiments disclosed without departing from the spirit of our invention.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,

1. In an arc lamp, a draft tube having an opening formed in it, an electrode comprising a metallic bar movable through said opening,

a shield or guard carried by said bar and arranged to engage the side of said draft tube to limit the movement of the bar in one direction relat to said tube and. to assist in ciossaid voltage coil and contact carried thereby,

said contacts being in engagement with each other when both coils are denergized, out of engagement with each other when the series coil is operatively energized and in engagement with each other when both coils are operativ y energized.

3. In an arc lamp, an electrode-feeding magnet and a pair of cooperative contacts controlling the energization thereof, a coil in series with the are for moving one of said. contacts to deenergize the feeding magnet, and a voltage coil shunting the arc and the series coil to move the other of said contacts to energize said feeding magnet on a predetermined rise in voltage of the arc. I

4. In an arc lamp, a draft tube having an opening formed in it,- electrodes each comprising a metallic bar movable in or through said opening, and a shield or guard detachably scoured to said bar and arranged to engage the side of said draft tube to limit the movement of the bar in one direction relative to said tube and to assist in closing said opening.

5; In an arc lamp, a draft tube having an opening formed in it, an electrode cmnprising a metallic bar movable throughsaid opening, and a'shield or guard carried by said bar and arranged to engage the side of said draft tube to limit the movement of the bar in one direction relative to said tube and to assist in closing said opening, said guard or shield being formed of. sheet metal. c

6. In an arc lamp, a draft tube having an opening formed in it, an electrode comprising a member movable through said opening, and a shield or guard carried by said bar and arranged to engage the side of said draft tube to limit the movement of the bar in one direction relative to said tube and to assist in closing said opening, said guard or shield being formed of a metal plate provided with an aperture through which the member passes.

7. In an arc-lamp, an electrode-feeding magnet and a pair of contacts arranged in the circuit of said magnet, a coil in series with the are for moving one of said contacts 'to'deenergize the feeding-magnet,and a voltage coil shunting the arc and the series 0011 to -move the other of said contacts to enei'gize the said feeding-magneton a predetermined rise in voltageof the arc.

8. In an arc lamp, a coil'in series with the are and a voltage coil shunting the arc and the series coil placed one above the other, armature members associated'with said coils, and contacts carried by said armature members, the parts being so proportioned and arranged that said contacts are in engagement with each other when both coils are dcenergized, out of engagement uitlreach other when the series coil is opcrativelv energized, and in engagement with each other when both coils are o 'ieratively energized.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this twenty-eighth day of April, 1905.

lllCllAllll l 'lllllllXG.

cnonn'att ll. ll. ll.\h\ OllSll.\'. .lll.

Witnesses:

Jonx A. MCMAXLS, Jr., hnNR-Y O. Nnsraxoau

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