US836427A - Motor-starting switch. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

T. VON ZWEIGBERGK,

MOTOR STARTING SWITCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21. 1906.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J my W Wm ATTYS.

PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 I T. VON ZWEIGBERGK. MOTOR STARTING SWITCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21 1906 INVENTUR.

WITNESTZKES.

AT TYS.

No. 836,427. PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906,

T. VON ZWEIGBBRGK.

MOTOR STARTING SWITCH.

APPLIGATIONFILED MAY 21. 1906.

I 4 SEEETS-SHEET 3 W ITNE55E5 INVENTDR.

AT TYS.

No 836,427. PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906 T. VON ZWEIGBERGK.

MOTOR STARTING SWITCH.

APYLIGATION FILED MAY 21 1905.

4 SHEETS--SHEBT 4 WITNESSES. INVENTOR. 082% aw (757 0); M, zm ia W M Q VDM TVW WM ATTYS.

; UNITED, srArns To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THORSTEN voN Zwmostartin switch whichmaybe-operated by a,

:single andle both to close thecircuit priv marily and'tocut' out the resistance and which 1 wlll' 'automatically'release itself if @left' at an i intermediate position.

"Otherobjects are' to provide a simple 'efiicient blow-out for the spark and re easing device'sffor overload and no load:

The particular embodiment shown in the drawings, which has beenfound very efiicient.

.in wi is also comprehendedtm vent on. y Y

ter described,' and-definitely set out in the claim? :h I

Re errin to t e drawings illustrating my invention, %igure 1 is a front elevation of my '0 motor-starter at the off position:- 2 is a similar view 'of the same aftertheci'ank has been moved tog, close the switch: 3 is a front e evation of the main ortion of such switch in the final position. I ig. 4. is a diagram'illustratin the-circuits. Fig. 5is

- a plan of the overloa releasing-armature,be"

.ing sectioned through the support for-such" --device. B'is'a vertical section through the starting-gritch and. itssupport. Fig.7- o isasectiont' I with Figs. 1, 2, and 3." Fig. Svis. a ottom view of the blow-out coil as indicated by the line 8 8 of Fig'." 7 F ig. 9 is a substantially central vertical section of the blow-out coil 4 a 'indicated byline 9 9 of Figg 7.

Referring to the drawings by reference characters, 10 represents the support for the structure, which mhy .be a piece of. slate or other insulating material. Extend'ng forward from this support is a stud 11. Journaled on this'stud isthe member or sector 12,, which has teeth 13 on its periphery adapted to opeifatingfcrank I5 The sector 12 carriesla c nt-sea rush 16,adapted to engalge. the vg iiouskindividualf contacts 18. 1e brush Specification of Lettrs'lfaten't. Application fil ed Kay 21 1908. Serial No, 3111368 4 carried by p Th "ihvention may be 0on 2 5 sisting of the combinations of parts hereinaf ugh the blow-out 'coil arallel "pngagedbya tooth 14 on the shaft of the PATENT THORSTEN Vofizwniesnscrr, or PRESTON, ENGLAND.

- MOTOR-STARTING SWITbHl 1 Patented Nov. 20, 1 906.

- ends to engage the shank of the crank, whereby -the sectoris held in place; while the notches between the teeth are adapted to receive the single pinion 14, whereby the sector also has a 29 adapted to engage'the; arcual bar 17; connecting it with a contact is' advanced one tooth for each rotation of the handle such movement causing the brush 16 'topass from one contact 18 to another. The

sector 12 is forked at the pivot,having its front plate journaled on the pivot-pin near its outer edgean'd having an ear 22 ilolsurnaled on' the pin adjacent to its su port, t car being a curved war 23 which is connected by webs24 with the bod of the mem ber," Betweenthe plate 21 an the car 22 is journaled the lower end of the arm 30, which carries the contact-brush 31 and the co'ntac'tfinger 32, :the latter of which is pivoted to cars 33, carried by the 'arm, and pressed to- '34, secured to the .w'ardthelhrush b 'ajsp arm and-bearing-against t elower end of the fingen, v This-arm 30'is likewise forked at its 'lower end, as shown in Fig. 6,- and within the -fork"is located a flat spiral spring 35, theinner end of which is connected to'thepin 11 seating in. a groove therein,'the outer en bearing against the curved wall 38 of the arm,

as shown in Fig; 3. v The effect of thisspring is to give the arm30 a tendency to withdraw the brush 31 and contact-finger 32 from the :main contact-plate 50; her e1na fter referred to, thereb breaking the circuit at that point. 3

J ourna ed on the stud 11 between the for.-' ward fork 39 of the arm 30 and the front plate of the sector 12 is an arm'40 which ex tends behind the sector 12 .and'is' 11 if limited movement I independently" thereof, A lug' 41 on this arm extending between two webs on the rear side of the sector 12 limits' the independent movement of the arm, f-A' spring 42, carried bythe arm, bears at one loo end against a web43 of the arm andat the other end against a lug 44, depending from e arm 40. From the inner. face; of the hub of the arm 40 extends'a pin,45

the hub of t cup'ying an arcual slot 46 in the ear-3Q of the p web of the member 12, and this cau sesthe v -comes energized, and its' polepieces 61,

. ture in adjusted position; F

I in connection with the .diagraimy 1 or the present it is sufficient to say that each of the it is bolt-ed to the support 10 and connected "contact-with the main contact 50, closing the pin 45 to take a position where the arm 30. may be held by means of the spring 35 in its oil position-that is, with the contact portion away from the mai' contact and the arm against the stop 48. Ifthe crank be given a partial XOtfltlOll in the left-hand direction, the hook-shaped arnr49, carried by the shank thereof, engages the upper edge of the action of the spring 42, and this movement, by reason of the pin 45 hearing against the end of the slot 46, swing's the arm 30 up ward to cause the brush 31 and finger 32 to circuit through the resistance to the motor. When the main circuit is closed by the left movement of the crank into the position shown in Fig. 2, a-releasing-magnet 'beoperating with an armature" 62, hold the arm 301 in closed position, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The armature 60 adjustable by-reason of studs extending there'froni loosely into re-, cesses in a boss 64 in the arm, a set-screw engaging one of such studs to ,hold the arma- The circuits will b hereinafter L's; c n

contacts 18 is a terminal ofj'a line'leadin'g' from the resistance, the resistance decreasing g 'boxls provided for the blow-out. "lhis ho).

Withsuccessive contacts 'from lefts'to right; In the first, active position the current flows from the contact member 50 through the: brush and arm 30 and the member 12 and brush 16 tothe contacts and throughthe en tire resistance to the motor. ifApigs tail-fl-is provided, making a good electric connection betweenthe arm 3Qand the sector 12. If the crank 15 after closing the circuit be rotated in the ri ht-hand direction, thesector 12 is advanced one tooth for each rotation, successively cutting out the resistance until in the final position (shown in Fig. 3) the resistance is entirely cut out. During the first rotation of the crank the swinging of the sectorraises the arm 40 out of the .wa ofthe hooked arm 49, and during consecutive rotations the arm 40 swings upward with the sector, the arms thus occupying idle positions except in starting. a

The blOWrOllt device is. covered by my Patent No.- 691,693, granted to me January 21,

, yenting overload.

1902. As show in the present case, however, it possesses certain novel characteristics l claimedherein. It comprises-an iron core 51, having a flange 52 and astud 72, bywhich with one of the main hncs. On this core between a pair of insulating- plates 53 and 54 thereon is a winding comprising a flat copper ribbon 55 andnn intermediate strip of insulation 56. @The ribbon is secured to the core by a rivet 57 and with its insulation is wound spirally around the core, as indicated in the drawings. The intermediate turns of the spiral are omitted in Fi 1, 2, 3, and 7 for ease of illustration. Iii;

screws 59. This block is of the triangular sha e shown, being'curved on its upper face to it the spiral and having inclined lower faces to receive the end of the ribbon 55 and the main terminal plate 50, fastened by screws on the other face. The block 58 15 held in place by a screw 66 passing through the su port 10 and insulated from the flange 52. iron plate 67 is placed on the outer final turn of the ribbon is secured to a brass block 58 by side of the insulating-plate 54 and is secured to' the core by'a screw 68. a It will be seen from the above description that I have provided a magnetic blow-out with an exposed metallic shieldwhich operates to stretch the spark around the blowout itself, as explained in my patent referred to. 8 5' In the presentinstance, however, the last turn ofthe copperribbon itself forms the shield. This is a simple construction, dis- .pe'nsing \vit-h'the necessity 'of an additional shield,-and isv'ery ell'ective in practicc. It is to-be'understood that a snflicient spaeeis provided around the shield for the passage 'of' the spark.) As'sh'own in the drawings, there are .a. arr ef-mclined wooden strips 69 which 'arehe (l between the two insulating-plates 53 and 5& near thelredgcs, whcrel i an msulat 1 ng isfcntirely open above and the spark in tending the are around the blow-out may pass freely out of the top of the box. L'u.-e the blow o'ut device also as a. magnet for pre- To this end the flange 52 .of the core .and the front plate 6'7 have (h)wnwardly-extending lugs 76 and 71, re-' s )ectivelv, forming pole pieces. Beneath t \ese pole-pieces is the armature 73, carried on a lever 74, pivoted in a bracket- 75, carried by the sup ort 10. The lever 74 extends re'arvim-ifdly rom' its pivot as shor. n at 76, and

this rearward or! ion extends over a springterminal 77, w \ich is nornmlly out of engagement with a terminal ")in 78 beneath it. A set-screw 79 adjusts (10 normal position of the lever 74. a

,The lever-74 is normallv idle, but in case of an overload the increased magnetism of-the pole- pieces 70 and 71 raises the armature 73.

causing the tail 76 to depress the spring 77 in to engagement with the terminal 78. This, as is hereinafter explainedxin connection with the diagranu short-circuits the release coil 60, which rehmscs-tho armfiO, allowing it to move to the lell underth e action of its spring 35. thereby breaking the contact between the brush 31 and finger 3! and the terminal plate 50. As this contactis broken the are \llies upward into the insulating-box ound the metallic' shield 55, and is blown out thereby.

The rontau-t-brush 31 is a lam'-'-atm| structure, and. o, prevent this-being unduly: bu mod IlO . plate until after the brush by the are I provide the finger 32 referredto, Y

plate, so that the arc is between the end of the finger 32 and theplate 50. The end of this finger 32 aswell as the plate '50. are

as cleared the easily removable and may be replaced whenunduly burned. I

As 1s heretofore explained, it-is the mag netism of the-magnet 60 which holds the brush 31 in engagement with the terminal 50 after the circuit has been closed. Circuits.

are provided which normally short-circuit the magnet 60 in all positions of the sector 12,

\ except the final position. A push-button 80 .is provided, whlch-when pressed'is adapted to open this short circuit. When the switch is being. turned on, the operator mustkeep his finger on the push-button S to allow the ma et 60 to be effective toholdithe arm in c osed position. If he releases the pushbutton before the final position is reached, the

- short'circuited magnet releases the. arm 30. In the final position the short circuit isbroken and the pressure may be removed from the ush-button.' .By'this provision it is impossible for the operator to go away-accidentally.

and leave theswitch standingon an Intermediate position. He; must..ren1ain at the switchboard untilhe into the final'position. Fi s. 1 andZshow'bindin -.posts81 and 82 for t e armature-.lineandunt-field line of ,the motor and a binding-post 8 3 for one of the main lines, the othermain ebeing connected with the field and armature of the" motor. .This, as. well astheothercin'cuits,

has-1 broilg-htthe are shown in the. diagram Fi 4,. to which reference will now be made. T e main line B i .is connectedjfwith the. binding-post 8.3.

From thence a conductor G leads to the line J.

slior-t-circuited by the push-button 80, whose 60 blow-out c'oil and to-the terminal plate 50. From this plate the circuit .'may continue via the brush-arm 30and the sector 16 to any of the contact-rilateslS and. through the corresponding portion of the resistance R to the lme D, whichjleads to the binding- 0st 81. From this binding-. 0st the line .4 leads to thearmature A o the motor. From the brush-arm 30 the shunt-line leads through the coil and'via theJine H to the bindinpd-gpst 82and viathe. line I throughthe fie of the motor, the field and armature bein jointly connected to the returnhe rcleasingrcoil 60 is normally contact is connected with the line H and by a line K with the contact 17.. In starting the motor theopcrator presses in the button opening the short-circuit hne around to; re-

lease-coil 60. He thenswings the crank 15 in theleft-hand direction, the hook v49 engagrotated back to itsfirst position to bring theing the 40 and the arm" 30 and Y br nging the contact finger'. and brush'intq engagement'with'the contactrplate 50. -This causes the current, to flow through theentire resistance and the armaturefof the motor and: the shunt-current to flowtliro'ugh the release.-

crank 15 in'the right-hand direction gradu ally moves the arm "16. to the right, so that, it passes to successive buttons 18, cutting out successive sections of the resistance R, one section being cut out for each rotation of -coil and the field. Nowthe rotation of the the crank. If'the' operator should accidentally go away from the switchboard with the'arrn 16 in any intermediate position, the opera.-. tors release, of the pus cause the release-coil '60 to be shdrt-circuitdf' -.via the line 16, bar '1'7,.-t-he .line K, the push1-Z button, and the line-H. firms would release 7 the arm 3Q, which woul d fly back-, breakin ghe circuit between-the contact-finger carrie is leaves the sector 12 in whatever position it occupied; but. before the" arm 30 can be moved to lose'dposi'tion the sector must be arm 40 into positiqnfor, englagement by the hookf49; Assuming that .t ejoperator continues his .pressure on the push-button-80,

;the arm 30 and .the contact-plate 50...-

the arm 16 is caused to successively travel 5 from'one'button 18;to'the next until 1t finally reaches the last button, cutting out the-entire resistance. 5 The bar 17' terminates'at the next tothe last position, andin the last posi; tionl'the, portion. 29 of. the brush 16 which "was en aging the bar 17 leaves it and comes onto-t eide button 19. This breaks the short circuit through the push-button irrespective'of the position of the push-button, and the operator may leave the switch in its final position, If an excessive current-comes on the main line, this givessu'flicientmagnetism to the pole-pieces 70. and 71 to cause them to draw u the armature 73, closing the contacts 77 an 78. "This forms a short circuit around the releasingcoil"60 via the line L, thus releasin the arm 30, andthe spring 35 withdraws t e arm, b reaking the com.

tact. If for any 're'asdn"the current on the main line should cease, the release-coilj 6()[ looses its ma etism and releases tlle arm 30, breaking t 1e contact. In either case the sector must be rotated back to initial positionbcfore the motor can again be started;

Iclaim p l. .ln a motor-starting switcli, the combination'with terminals, o e f, which is m'ovable, an operating member, and means whereby one movement of said'member may cut out resistance,- and another movement of said member may "bring the terminals together without altering the position of the resistance governing mechanism.

i l i "to separate the terminals, a magnet adapted to hold the terminals together, a crank, and mechanism whereby movement of the crank in one direction. cuts out resistance, and movement in the opposite direction closes since-governing mechanism.

3. -In a motor-starting switch, the combie nation of a crank, a member connected therewith and adapted to be moved by rotation of the crank, means for cutting out resistance the terminals without displacing the resistcontrolled by said member, mechanism for rimarilv closing the circuit, said mechanism eing adapted tobe' operated by movement of said crank, without disturbing said member, and a magnetfor maintaining the circuit normally closed:

4. In a motor-starting switch, the'combination of a terminal, a movable terminal member adapted to cooperate therewith, an

armature carried by said movable terminal member, a magnet cooperating with said ar- .mature, a spring tending to separate the tervmnals and move the armature away from the magnet, a crank, and mechanism whereby movement of the crank in one direction cuts out resistance and movement in the opposite direction closes the terminals without displacing the resistance-varying mechanism.

5. In a motor-starting switch, the combination ofa terniinai, a ivoted arm carrying a terminal member. at apted to cooperate with the terminal first mentioned, a spring tending to move said arm into position to break contact between the terminals, a magnet adapted to hold said arm with the terminals, in engagement, an operating member,

means whereby movement thereof in one di. rection operates to move the arm to close the termmals while the resistance-governing member is stationary, and such resist-ancegoverning member operated by the movement of said member step by step in the other direction.

' 6. In a motor starting switch, the combinatioirof a support, a stud mounted thereon, -a circuit-rinsingarm having a'lork mounted on said'stud, a 5 ring occupying said fork and coiled aroun the stud and secured at .one end to it and the other to the arm and adapted to move the arm into position to open the circuit, a manually-operated device udn-ptedto swing the arm to close the circuit, a resistaneke-governing member journaled on said stud and connected with said manuallyoperated device to be moved thereby.

7. In a motor starting switch, the combination of acircuitclosing arm, a member carrying a mov'a'blc contact to cut out resistance, a second member movable with the member mentioned but having some movement independently thereof, which lattcr movement is adapted. to movesaid arm to close the circuit, and a'manually-operated device adapted to move the members mentioned independently.

8. In a motor-starting switch, the combination of a circuit-closing arm, an operating crank, a member eared with said crank'and carrying a movable contact tocut out resist-.

ance, and mechanism movable with said member but having some movement independent thereof, which latter movement is adapted to move said arm to close thc, circuit.

9. In a motor-starting switch, the combination of a member, an arm having a spring connection therewith, means for operating said arm to close the circuit, and-means for giving said member a partial rotation to cut out resistance, such inc ement of the member carrying s'aid 'arm to an idle position.

10,. In a motor-starting switch, thecombination of a circuit-closing arm, another arm having a loose-play connection with the cir+ unit-closing arm and a spring connectionwith a sector, means for operating the lastmentioncd arm to close the circuit, and for operating said sector to cut out resistance, said movement of the sector carrying said arm out of the way of said means.'

11. In a'motor-starting switch, the combination of a support, a stud carried thereby, a circuit-closing membcr journaled on said stud, a sector journaled on said stud, an arm journaled on said stud and having a looseplay connection with the circuiteclosing member and a spring connection with the sector, means for operating said arm to-close the circuit and for operating said sector to cut out resistance, said movement of the sector carrying said arm to an idle osition.

12. In a motor-starting switc 1, the com bination of a support, a stud mounted thereon, a circuit-closing arm mounted on said stud, a spring surrounding the stud and securcdat one cud to it and at the other to the arm,-and adapt-ed to move the arm into position to open the circuit, a magnettending to hold said arm in position with the circuit closed, a manually-operatcd device adapted by one movement to swing the arm to close the circuit, and byanothcr movement thereof to cut out resistance.

13. In a motor-starting switch, the combination WiEll contacts cngageahle and separable, of a blow-out device placed within the sweep of the arc, and comprising a spirallywounu ribbon of metal, the last turn of which is exposed to the action of the spark.

H. The combination with cngageable and separable contacts, of a blow out device therefor comprising a spirally-wound ribbon of non-magnctic metal, the turns having its exterior exposed to the action of the spark.

1:1 The combination with a magnetic core of a ribbon of conductive non-magnetic material secured at one end to the core and 15 i metallic core carried thereby, a pair of insn- 'spirally .W'o'hnd around it with insulation belating-plate's mounted" an exposed metallic shield for the winding, a the'core and we 7 minal and a'movable pivoted arm adapted to I open above and cate coil with an e osed metallic shield in an-inj si shield and open abovethe on vthe corefa ribbon of metallic non-ma etic material secured to unfipirall around the same terminal blook with which the end of said with inte osed insulation hetween the turns, .ribbonis connected, and a cooperating mov- I a. termina block connected with the outside sable terminal ada ted to form electric conwindi of the coil and insu'latingieces be- 1 1 f tweent e two insulating-plates att eir edges nection with said lock.

und the coil, said box being tween successive turns, the iast turn forming 16. The combination with a stationary tere l to form a box are engage the terminal, ofa blow-out device 10- coll. 7

above such contacts and comprising a; In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my gnature in thepr'esence of two witnesses.

- THORSTEN .VON ZWEIGBERGK. I Witnesses; I 17. The combination with a support, of a l ALBnRr H. Buns,

i -J; HULL.

sulating-box avmg a sglace around the! s 'eld.

leaving space aronnd the

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