US762320A - Water-tube boiler. - Google Patents

Description

No. 762,320. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904. W. O. KENDALL. WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, 1903.

H0 MODEL.

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PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

W. G. KENDALL. WATER TUBE BOILER. APPLIOAVTION nLnn'mLm, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

No. 762,320. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904. W. G-KENDALL.

WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION mam JULY 2, 1903. no Monzm. 4 gums-sign a.

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PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904. w. 0. KENDALL. WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, 1903.

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- Pe'ttented June 14, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

WESLEY (J. KENDALL, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

sPEcIEIoATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 762,320, dated June 14, 1904.

Application filed July 2, 1903. Serial No. 163,988. No model.)

T 0 all wh/ont it vita/y concern.

Be it known that I, VVEsLEY (J. KENDALL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Jersey City, in the county'of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Tube Boilers, which improvements are fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to improvements insteam-generating apparatus of that type commonly known as water-tube boilers.

The objects of this invention are to provide a water-tube boiler which shall be simple and inexpensive as regards construction, durable and reliable in practical service, which shall embody novel features of construction well calculated to insure a maximum power efficiency with a minimum consumption of fuel in the practical operation of the boiler,which shall mainly comprise interchangeable parts, thus facilitating the work involved in primarily assembling such parts for service, as well as repairing operations when occasion may demand, and which shall possess certain welldefined advantages over prior analogous constructions.

The invention consists inthe novel disposition and relative arrangement of the various cooperating parts thereof, whereby the attainment of the foregoing objects is rendered practicable, in certain combinations, and in certain details of construction, all of which will be specifically referred tohereinafter and set forth in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference-numerals denote corresponding parts throughout the several views, and as to said drawings Figure l is a front elevation of a water-tube boiler embodying my said improvements'a portion of the front saddle and of the adjacent neighboring header-segments-made use of being broken away to more clearly disclose the cooperative relation existing between these parts. Fig. 2 is a view mainly in section, the

near portionof the incasing masonry and of the water-tubes made use of being removed and the section being taken centrally and vertically through the respective headers and partially through the steam-drum of the boiler and horizontally and vertically through the heat-generator or furnace, as along the line a a, of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse 'section of said boiler, as along the line 0 c of Fig. 2, the incasing masonry at both sides of the boiler being retained. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view illustrating more clearly the course pursued by the hot gases from the generator or furnace made use of into the interior of the boiler, the section being taken vertically and transversely through such generator or furnace. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the header-segments availed of, the same being shown detached from the header as a whole. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view showing more clearly the intake of the interiordraft-fiue which I make use of.

In a general sense my present invention comprises a structure for the reception and circulation of water, a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment, a draft flue situated within and projecting outwardly from said compartment, and means for regulating or defining the course of movement of the hot gases admitted to said compartment in the practical operation of the construction as a whole, the said draftflue having an intake by way of which said gases may ultimately enter said flue for movement thence to the outer atmosphere.

It further comprises a structure of the char acter above indicated and embodyinga header having a flue-opening, a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment, a draft-flue situated within said compartment, communicating with the opening in said header and having an intake, and means for defining the course of movement of the hot gases aforenamed from their point of entrance to said compartment to and into said draft-flue by the way of saidintake.

It still further comprises a water-containing structure embodying a header having a flue-opening, said header consisting, by preference, of a plurality of suitably-conjoined segments so shaped, respectively, as to provide when duly assembled the flueopening aforenamed.

In carrying out my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, I make use of opposing headers connected in the usual manner by means of water-tubes 2 expanded therein, the parts thus connected serving jointly as a structure for the reception and circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam. Additional parts, however, are ordinarily availed of as elements of such circulation structure.

The water-containing structure of the boiler is suitably inclosedthat is, wholly or partially so inclosed-by any appropriate casing, the latter in this instance and by preference taking the character of masonry and being arranged substantially as indicated in the drawings. A general heat-compartment is thus formed through the medium, essentially, of the casing availed of, and the water-tubes 2, preferably inclined downwardly. and rearwardly, extend through and accordingly receive the action of the hot gases admitted to said heat-compartment.

The draft-flue 3, situated, essentially, within the heat-compartment aforenamed,constitutes an important feature of my improved boiler, the same being adapted to exhaust into the outer atmosphere the spent gases accumulating within said heat-compartment in the practical operation of the construction as a whole and being at all times provided with a suitable intake 3.

I prefer that the discharge of the spent gases aforenamed be effected at one of the headers made use of and subsequently to their entrance into said draft-flue, such header being constructed with this end in view. Accordingly I provide one of the opposing headers aforenamed, ordinarily the rear one, with a flue-opening 4, located by preference, but not necessarily, at the center of such header, and I arrange the flue 3 for communication with such flue-opening at the inner side of said header and accordingly within the heat compartment above referred to.

To facilitate access to the interior of the flue 3 for cleaning and other purposes, I purpose to provide each of the opposing headers made use of with a flue-opening 4, the opening of one of said headers alining with that of the opposite header, and extend and dispose the draft-flue 3 in such manner as to permit communication thereof at its ends with said flue-openings, respectively, as indicated in the drawings. Where these features of construction are availed of, one of said flue-openings, ordinarily the front one, may under normal conditions be closed by a removable cap 5.

The segments 6 are preferably shaped each so as to be mainly interchangeable one with another, and those comprisingasingle header may be conjoined for service in any appropriate manner, although by preference the same are so connected each with its immediately-coperating neighbors, as by means of the nipples 3, as to insure intercommunication of the several segments comprised in such header. Each of said segments is hollow, readily producible from metal, as by the process of casting or otherwise, and provided at its front face with a hand-hole suitably closed under normal conditions, as by means of an interior cover or lid 4, exterior yoke 5, drawbolt 6', and nut 7, all arranged for cooperation as in common practice.

I purpose in constructing the headers of my improved boiler to make use of segments substantially uniform in face dimensions, each having a convex outer end surface and a concave inner end surface, each tapering from its outer to its inner end, the outer and inner end surfaces thereof approximately conforming in contour, by preference, toasegment of a circle, and each of less longitudinal dimension than the radius of the circle of which its outer end surface is a segment, thereby providing through the mere assembling of such segments as header elements a circular central flue-opening 4 for the header constructed of such segments. I

Where a steam-drum 6 is availed of, it is essential that due circulation areabe provided between the respective headers of the boiler and the drum 6, so as to secure intercommunication of'said headers by way of said drum, and in this connection I purpose to interpose between the drum 6 and the respective headers of the boiler opposing saddles 7 7, each hollow and each duly connected with said drum and its cooperating header by means of rivets, as shown, or otherwise, as may be found desirable in practice. Accordingly the uppermost segment comprised in each of the headers aforenamed is provided with an opening8 at the juncture therewith of its cooperating saddle, and the steam-drum 6 is provided with analogous openings, one at the juncture therewith of each of said saddles. When the headers aforenamed are constructed each of segments substantially as herein described, it is desirable that each of the saddles made use of be provided with a concave bottom portion and be sufficient in face width to overlap somewhat a plurality of the upper segments of the header with which it is conjoined, substantially as indicated in the accompanying drawings. Thus when the circulation structure of the boiler is suspended, as in the depending loops 8 9, each of the respective headers of the boiler becomes self-sustaining even in the absence of the connecting-nipples 3'. The loops 8 9 depend from cross-beams 9, supported by standards in the usual manner. However, the features of construction involved in the suspending of my improved boiler maybe altered as found necessary in installing the boiler for service.

The steam-drum 6 is of ordinary construction, and the usual accessories, such as a safety-valve, an inlet-pipe, and the like, may be employed in connection therewith.

In order to secure a maximum power efliciency for my improved boiler with a minimum consumption of fuel-supply, as at the furnace-grate 2, I purpose to employ means or features of construction adapted to insure the most effective application of the hot gases evolved from the fuel made use of to the circulation structure aforenamed, such means or features of construction serving to so define or regulate the course of movement of the said gases from their point of entrance to the heat-compartment of the boiler to the intake 3 or their point of escape from said compartment as to measurably baffle or restrain the same against their natural tendency to movement, thereby proportionately enhancing the heat intensity thereof. As to the course of movement of said gases I purpose to primarily direct the same upwardly from their point of entrance to the heat-compartment aforenamed at one side only of the draft-flue 3, thence over said draft-flue, and thereafter downwardly to a low point at the opposite side of said flue to and into the latter by Way of its intake. Accordingly I make use of a partition-wall3", which radiates from the flue 3 and fully closes the space within the heat-compartment of the boiler at one" side of said flue. I prefer that the wall 3 occupy a vertical position, project downwardly from the flue 3, and be situated inzopposition to the incoming gases from the grate 2, substantially as shown in the drawings, and where said gases are to take the course above mentioned the intake of the draft-flue 3 should be situated at that side of the plane of the wall 3 opposite to the side of said wall facing the incoming gases and near the juncture of said wall with said flue, substantially as shown in the drawings. The wall 3 is coextensive in length with the flue 3.

In some instances, owing to the length of the heat-compartment of the boiler, it may become desirable to reversely duplicate thecourse of the hot gases made use of in the practical operation of my improved boiler, and to accomplish this end I purpose to divide the general heat-compartment of the boiler by means of a transverse partition-wall 4", the same being coextensive with the transverse dimensions of the interior of said general heatcompartment provided with a gas-opening 5 and the latter being situated at a low point in said wall at the side of the wall 3 opposite to that side thereof whichfaces the furnace 8. Where the wall 4: is employed, the intake of the draft-flue 3 should be situated at that side of the plane of the wall 3" opposite to the side of said wall which faces the opening 5 and near the juncture of the last-named wall with said fine, the hot gases accordingly upon completing the course first herein specified passing rearwardly through the wall 4 by way of the opening 5 into the rear minor heatcompartment of the boiler, thence upwardly,

thence over the draft-flue 3, and thereafter downwardly to and into the fine 3 by way of the intake of the latter, as indicated by the arrows 6 in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

In order that the hot gases aforenamed may be directed to a point lower than the intake of the draft-flue 3 before gaining entrance to the latter by way of its intake, I provide a 'baifle-wall 8, conjoined with and projecting away from the flue 3 in such a manner as to and into the draft-flue 3 by way of the latters V intake, as will be clearly understood and as fully illustrated in the drawings.

The baffle-wall 8 is preferably coextensive with the heat-compartment within which it is situated and runs approximately parallel with the draft-flue3.

In constructing the draft-flue 3 I purpose to interpose between the respective watertubes 2, which comprise the most central series thereof, fire-brick 9, each suitably shaped or moldedjto this end. This construction is highly advantageous and is clearly practicable, particularly where segmental headers such as herein described are availed of. The inner portions of the inclosing masonry, hereinbefore referred to, the respective partition-walls aforenamed, and the baffle-wall 8, in the erection of which one or more of the water-tubes 2 may be,

availed of, as indicated in the drawings, may be constructed also of fire-brick or analogous material if deemed advisable, and said masonry is preferably so constructed as to permit the application of the hot gases within the heat-compartment of the boiler to the under side of the drum 6 when the latter is employed and as in common practice. I

The lower segment of the rear header of the boiler may, in addition to its service as an element of said header, perform the functions of a mud-d rum, as will be readily understood, and particularly where the water-tubes of the boiler are inclined, as hereinbefore stated.

Any appropriate generator of heat, as the furnace 8', may be employed in connection with my improved boiler.

It will be seen that my improved watertube boiler is particularly well adapted for the purposes for which it is intended and, further, that the same may be modified, particularly as regards the disposition of the elelIO Q reassuinents controlling the course of movement of the hot gases through the heat-compartment of the boiler, the general contour of the respective header-segments herein referred to, and the connection of such headers with the drum 6 when the latter is availed of, without materially departing from the spirit and principle of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isv 1. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam; a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment; fully traversing said compartment, having an intake at one side thereof, a draftflue situated within said compartment and communicating with the outer atmosphere; a heatgenerator, and means for measurably baffling or retarding the movement of the hot gases from said generator to the intake of said draftfiue, substantially as herein specified.

2. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam; a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment; a draft-flue situated within, fully traversing and discharging its contents exteriorly of, said compartment; a heat-generator; and a gas-diverting partition-wall projecting away from said fiue, the latter having an intake situated at that side of the plane of said wall opposite to the side thereof which faces the incoming gases, substantially as herein specified.

3. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of Water to be vaporized or converted into steam; a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a general heat-compartment; a partition-wall dividing said general compartment into minor heat-compartments and having an opening for the passage of the hot gases availed of from one of said minor compartments into the other; and a draft-flue, the latter situated within one of said minor compartments, fully traversing the same, having an intake at one side thereof, and discharging its contents exteriorly of the minor compartmentwithin which it is situated, substantially as herein specified.

4. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam; a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment; a draft-flue situated within, fully traversing and discharging its contents exteriorly of, said compartment; a l'ieat-generator; a gasdiverting partition-wall projecting awayfrom, and closing the space at one side of, said draftflue; a baffle-wall conjoined with the draft flue aforenamed, projecting therefrom, and forming with said partition-wall a gas-passage, the latter leading from a low point within said compartment upwardly to said flue, the said flue having an intake at the upper terminus of said passage, and said bafiie-wall being situated at that side of said partition-wall opposite to the side thereof which faces the incoming gases, substantially as herein specified.

5. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, the said structure embodying a series of water-tubes; and a draft-flue, the latter being coextensive in length with said water-tubes, running parallel therewith, having an intake at one side thereof, and being constructed of fire-brick, or analogous material, interposed between and supported in position by, a continuous series of said tubes, substantially as herein specified.

6. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, the said structure embodying opposing, segmental headers connected by water-tubes expanded therein; and a draftflue, the latter being coextensive in length with the space intervening between said headers, running parallel with said water-tubes, and constructed of fire-brick, or analogous material, interposed between and supported in position by acontinuous series of said tubes, substantially as herein specified.

7. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, the said structure embodying opposing headers connected by a series of water-tubes, and one of said headers having a flue-opening; and a draft-flue, the latter being interposed between said headers, having an intake at'one side thereof for the hot gases availed of, and serving as an exhaust for said gases, substantially as herein specified.

8. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, the said structure embodying opposing headers connected by a series of water-tubes, and each of said headers having a flue-opening; and adraft-fiue, the latter being interposed between said headers communicating at one end thereof with the fine-opening in one of said headers and at the opposite end thereof with the flue-opening in the opposite header, having an intake at one side thereof for the hot gases availed of, and serving as an exhaust for said gases, substantially as herein specified.

9. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, the said structure embodying opposing headers constructed each of a plurality of segments adapted when assembled to form a flue-opening therefor, the said headers being connected by a series of watertubes; and a draft-flue, the latter being interposed between said headers and communicating at one end thereof with the flue-opening of one of said headers, and at the other end thereof with the flue-opening of the opposite header, substantially as herein specified.

10. A header for a water-tube boiler consisting of a plurality of water-circulation segments suitably conjoined for direct, lateral intercommunication, the said segments being each shaped so as to provide, upon said segments being duly assembled for service, a flueopening for said header, substantially as herein specified.

11. A boiler-header constructed for the circulation interiorly thereof of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, said header consisting of a plurality of hollow segments suitably conjoined for direct, lateral intercommunication, each being shaped so as to provide, upon said segments being duly assembled for service, a flue-opening for said header, and the uppermost segment having an opening at its enlarged or outer end, substantially as herein specified. I

12. A header for a water-tube boiler, comprising a plurality of tapered, hollow segments, nippled together in such a manner as to insure direct, lateral intercommunication of such segments, the said segments having each a substantial end surface at the tapered end thereof so as to provide, upon said segments being duly assembled, a flue-opening 03 said header, substantially as herein speci- 13. In a water-tube boiler, in combination, a header comprising a plurality of suitablyconjoined segments;.a loop for suspending said header, the said loop serving to hold a portion of said segments in position for service; a steam-drum; and a saddle, the latter interposed between said drum and said header, and overlapping and holding in position for service the remaining portion of said segments, substantially as herein specified.

14. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, said structure embodyingopposing headers connected by a series of water-tu bes, and having each a central flue-opening; a casing suitably inclosing said structure and forming a heat-compartment; a heat-generator; a draft-flue within said compartment, discharging its contents exteriorly thereof, and extending continuously from one of said headers to the other, in alinement with the openings of said headers; a partition-Wall depending from said flue, closing the space at the lower side thereof, and opposing the incoming hot gases, the said flue having an intake at the side thereof most distant from the point of entrance of said gases; and a bafflewall, the latter conjoined with and projecting away from said flue, and forming with the partition-wall aforenamed a gas-passage which extends upwardly and terminates at the intale of said flue, substantially as herein specifie 15. A boiler comprising a structure for the circulation of water to be vaporized or converted into steam, said structure, embodying a series of water-tubes, and a draft-flue, the latter conjoined with said structure and running parallel with said tubes, and having its gas-intake arranged along one side thereof, substantially as herein specified.

16. A boiler comprising a heat-compartment; a draft-flue situated within, and extending from one side to the opposite side of said compartment; a wall projecting away from said flue, coextensive in length'therewith, and closing the space at one side thereof; and a heat-generator, the latter arranged to deliver its combustion-gases into said compartment at one side of said wall, and the said flue having an intake for said gases at the opposite side of said wall, and dischargingits contents exteriorly of said compartment, substantially as herein specified.

17. A boiler comprising opposing, seg- -mental headers, the segments of said headers,

respectively, being arranged for direct,lateral intercommunication; a steam drum above said headers; and opposing saddles, the latter arranged, one between each of said headers and said drum, and each serving to hold certain of the segments of its cooperating header in positon for service, substantially as herein specifie 18. A hollow header-segment for a Watertube boiler, the said segment having tapered, opposite sides and a substantial end surface at its tapered end, substantially as herein specified.

19. A hollow header-segment for a watertube boiler, the said segment having tapered, opposite sides, a substantial end surface at its tapered end, and an opening at its opposite end, substantially as herein specified.

WESLEY C. KENDALL. Witnesses:

MAURICE B. ZUOYKERMAN, W. H. RUBY.

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